Segregation of blood inventory: A key driver for optimum blood stock management in a resource-poor setting (original) (raw)
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Blood inventory management in the type and screen era
Vox Sanguinis, 2005
Background and Objective Previous models on the management of hospital blood inventories have mostly dealt with the optimization of variables related to the assigned, cross-matched inventory. Because the type and screen (T&S) procedure allows blood banks to manage surgical reserves with only unassigned inventories, it becomes necessary to gain insight into the factors that determine the efficiency of this kind of blood inventory. Study Design Stochastic model that simulates the routine operation of a hospital blood bank inventory over a finite number of days was used. Factors that were analysed for their influence on outdate and shortage rates included the mean (MEAN) and variation (CVAR) in daily transfusion, the remaining shelf life of blood units shipped from the blood supplier (RSL) and the number of days between consecutive shipments (INT). Results Outdate and shortage rates grew exponentially with CVAR, an effect that could be partially counterbalanced by increasing RSL. The variables, MEAN and INT, had little influence on the inventory, provided that blood stocks shipped from the supplier are targeted at the expected average demand for transfusion and RSL is greater than INT. Conclusions In hospitals that do not hold cross-matched inventories, CVAR is the major parameter in determining the blood inventory performance. Hospitals with large CVAR must be supplied with young red blood cell (RBC) units, whereas hospitals with smaller CVAR perform well with older stocks. These results advocate for using each hospital's CVAR as the leader parameter in regional optimization policies based on recycling blood units among participating hospitals.
Blood shortage situation: An audit of red blood cells order and pattern of utilization
The objective of this work is to audit blood utilization by different specialties in the hospital using the Cross-match ratio as a guide to achieving effective transfusion practices. This was a prospective study. The blood bank of University Teaching Hospital in Benin City, Nigeria was used for the study. We analysed all blood orders from January to December, 2008. Data collection included number of units of red blood cells ordered and the origin of the orders, the actual numbers of units transfused and points of use. A total of 8988 units of red blood cells were available but 19147 cross-matches (units) were ordered for 3067 patients, representing approximately 6 cross-match per patients and the mean crossmatch/transfusion ratio of 2.2 (19147/8988). Cross-match/transfusion ratio for various departments/units were: Medicine 1.8; Paediatrics 2.6; Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1.6; Surgery /Orthopaedics 3.3; Accident and Emergency 3.3 and Theatres 1 and the probability that cross-matched blood might not be used were 43, 61, 39, 70, 0 and 58%, respectively. Cost implication of unnecessary cross-match was 7, 879,500:00 Nigeria Naira (69,118.42 United States Dollar) per annum with surgical units accounting for nearly 3,000,000:00 Nigeria Naira (26,315.9 United States Dollar) for the period of the study. Crossmatch orders and C/T ratio vary from one department or unit to another. The unnecessary cross-match has financial and personnel implications on transfusion service in the hospital. It may be clinically prudent to streamline transfusion and cross-match orders so as to ensure the best transfusion practices.
Managing Inventory on Blood Supply Chain
Transactions on Engineering Technologies, 2018
There is unbalance the amount of blood demand and the availability of blood for each component at Blood Transfusion Unit in Indonesia. As the result, this component run into inventory shortage so management need to maintain the strategy of blood supply chain for the patients. Purpose of this is to manage inventory on the blood component of Packed Red Cells which it to be the highest blood component requirement for patient in this case study. Managing inventory is done through several stages including forecasting method, safety stock, and reorder point. Finding of this study was obtained that exponential smoothing (α 0.95) to be the best forecasting method. Then, to manage inventory, this agency need to prepared 34 blood bags for safety stock and 76 blood bags for reorder point. This results able to give recommendation to the Blood Transfusion Unit at Indonesia regarding with the number of blood component provided and how much reorder to be made at the time of reaching the lead time. Further study is suggested to conduct simulation method in order to evaluate policy in managing blood inventory and prepare scenario for optimizing inventory level.
Analysis of Blood Request Form and Blood Utilization Pattern in a Tertiary Care Specialized Hospital
Bangladesh Journal of Medicine, 2022
Background: The growing demands for blood products are vital resources to health care facilities. If requested blood is not transfused, this causes blood wastage. Minimal utilization of requested blood squanders technical time, reagent and imposes extra expenses on patients. This study was conducted to evaluate blood requisition and utilization pattern in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was conductedin the transfusion medicine dept. of a tertiary care specialized hospital from1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020. Blood request forms were reviewed and blood utilization indices were computed from blood bank registries. Blood utilization was calculated determining cross match to transfusion ratio (C:T), transfusion probability (%T), transfusion index (TI) and non-utilization pattern i.e. wastage. Results: A total of 9,841 recipients were requested to prepare cross match. A total of 13,965 units of blood were cross matched and among these 10316 units were transfused to 9,291 recipients. The overall C:T, %T, and TI were 1.35, 94.41% and 1.05 respectively. The wastage implying in this study was 26.13%. Conclusion: The overallblood utilization was encouraging, but excessive cross matching with minimal transfusion practice was observed implying wastage of blood. Blood transfusion services should adopt blood conserving policies.
Alleviating blood shortages in a resource-constrained environment
Transfusion, 2005
The nation devotes considerable resources to the collection, processing, and distribution of blood products. Nonetheless, shortages of virtually every blood component persist. Economic theory suggests that the national blood supply can be increased either by increasing the level of resources used in the collection and production of blood components or by utilizing existing resources more efficiently.
Modeling and Analysis of Distribution of Blood Stocks to Healthcare Units
Managing the Asian Century, 2017
The problem of both under stock and over stock of blood due to seasonal variations in blood requirements is a serious problem affecting any blood distribution system in India and other countries. There may be lack of coordination between blood banks and its supply system. In this context, supply chain management may assume a significant role and has attracted serious research attention over the past few years. A literature review reveals a considerable spurt in research in theory and practice of SCM. An integrated supply chain and distribution system as an extended enterprise is to be developed for addressing the problems related to mismatch between supply and demand of blood stocks at a particular period of time with respect to a given population of patients in a location. This paper presents a model wherein the blood stocks are redistributed from one blood bank to another with the assurance of meeting the minimum level demand at emergency situation avoiding stockout situation. Demand has been estimated and forecasted considering the seasonality and trend factor in account. In this model, the blood banks considered are clustered using k-means clustering technique based on the distances between the blood banks. The blood banks with excess of stock, considered as centroid, are to distribute the excess stock to the blood banks with scarcity. The main objective of the paper is to determine the stocking rules of blood so as to reduce the wastage of the blood units and reducing the scarcity at demand points.
Pattern of blood requisition and utilization in a tertiary care hospital: a chart review study
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2021
Background: There is a tendency to order more units of blood than what are actually needed. As blood being finite and recognition of a high rate of inappropriate use, there is a need to monitor and regulate it. It can be done by the analysis of blood requisitions. This study was done to analyze the pattern of blood requisition and utilization in a tertiary care hospital considering the lack of such studies conducted.Methods: A chart review was conducted during April to May, 2020 to analyse 5601 blood requisitions made during April 2019 to March 2020 in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, RIMS Imphal. Data abstraction form was used to abstract data and it was analyzed in IBM Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21.Results: Out of total 5601 blood requisitions, 52.8% were made for female. Nearly one-fifth (18.4%) of the requisitions were for 50-59 years. Of the blood group, A+ (33.4%) was the commonest. Nearly one-third (32.4%) of blood units requested were from ...
MGM Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021
This research addresses the deficit of empirical investigation of changes in industrial and warehouse property markets in the UK. It uses business rates (rating list) data for England and Wales to reveal changes in the quantum and distribution of premises over the last decade. Spatio-temporal analysis using geographical information systems identifies where new industrial and warehouse premises have been developed and examines spatial changes in the distribution of premises between the two sectors. The research focuses on the development of new large distribution warehouses (LDWs) to investigate whether there is a new pattern of warehouse premises located in close proximity to junctions on the national highway network. Findings confirm the emergence of a dynamic distribution warehouse property market where "super sheds" have been developed in areas with high levels of multi-modal connectivity. The comprehensive spatio-temporal analysis of all industrial and warehouse premises in England and Wales reconfigures the previously recognised Midlands "Golden Triangle" of distribution warehouses to a "Golden Pointer" and reveals the emergence of a rival "Northern Dumbbell" of distribution warehouse premises in the North of England. Further analysis using isochrones confirms that 85% of the population of Great Britain is situated within four hours average heavy goods vehicle drive time of these two concentrations of super sheds and over 60% of all LDWs floorspace is within 30 minutes' drive of intermodal rail freight interchanges.
Blood Ordering and Transfusion Practices: An Insight Toward Better Utility of Blood Products
Cureus, 2022
Background An adequate supply of quality blood products is the backbone of any hospital. To maintain it, the utilization and wastage of the products should be closely monitored. Objective To determine the crossmatch to transfusion (C/T) ratio, transfusion probability (%T), and transfusion index (Ti) of packed red blood cells and to review the use of platelets. Materials and methods A total of 6,326 hematological patients receiving packed red blood cells were included in the study. The random donor platelets that were prepared during this period were also included to know the actual utilization of platelets. Results A total of 26,146 crossmatches were requested for these 6,326 patients in three years. Out of these, 26,024 units were issued and transfused to the patients. The CT ratio of our data was calculated to be 1.00, the transfusion probability was found to be 98.1%, and the transfusion index was computed to be 0.99. For random donor platelets, 37,162 were prepared from whole blood during this period, while 30,971 platelets were transfused to the patients. Conclusion The overall results of our analysis showed proper utilization of blood products at our institution. The wastage was considered to be minimal.