Epidemiological aspects of surgical site infections in an income country. The case of regional hospital center, Borgou (Benin) (original) (raw)
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Online Publication , 2023
Background: Surgical Site Infections are the second most common type of health care-associated infection. Prior to this study, no research of this kind had been done at Ndola Teaching Hospital in Ndola, Zambia, to determine the prevalence of SSI after general surgery. This study therefore aimed at determining the burden and associated risk factors for surgical site infections in General Surgery Department of Ndola Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based retrospective descriptive study conducted Ndola Teaching Hospital general surgery dept. Selected and operated patients' hospital records were reviewed. Pearson Chi-square test and Odds ratio were used to test for each risk factor's association with SSI followed by their 95% confidence interval. Only p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The burden of surgical site infections was 18% [OR=0.394; 95%CI = (0.179-0.867)]. Factors that showed a significant association with the burden were gender [OR=3.394; 95%CI= (1.179-8.867), p=0.014], post-operative duration of hospital stay [OR=20.308; 95%CI= (3.364-27.798), p=0.00], emergency surgeries [OR=3.445; 95%CI = (1.625-7.304), p= 0.001] and intra-operative duration [OR=12.476; 95%CI= (4.104-37.925), p= 0.000]. However, there was no association observed between the qualification of the surgeon and the development of the infection. Conclusion: Surgical site infections were high and associated with the duration of hospital stay, intra-op duration of the procedure, the type of surgery and gender. It remains imperative to find possible interventions to reduce the risk of suffering from surgical site infections among patients who go to theatre.
Surgical Science
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are considered as result of the healthcare quality in hospitals. Objective: to study SSI at Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital Tanguieta (SJDHT), prior to the implementation of a permanent monitoring system. Method: transversal, and descriptive study with prospective data collection was performed from 1 July to 31 janvier 2017 in the department of general surgery of SJDHT. The hospital lacks in a microbiology unit. All patients who underwent surgery during this period were included and the monitoring lasted one month. SSIs diagnostic was carried out according to WHO criteria as described in the Practical Guide for the Prevention of Nosocomial Infections published in 2002. Statistical tests (χ-square and Student's t-test) were applied and p < 0.05 were statistically significant. Results: Of 343 patients recorded, 105 (30.6%) had SSI. Their age averaged 40.3 years and the sex-ratio (men/women) was 2.8. The emergency surgery resulted in a 50.0% rate of SSI (p = 0.00). The SSI rate for clean and clean-contaminated surgery was 6.3% against 94.6% for infected surgery (p = 0.00). The SSI rates were 100% and 66.7% for NNISS = 2 and NNISS = 1 (p = 0.00), respectively. Superficial SSI rate was 13.3%, while deep SSI and organ/space SSI were 46.
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2018
Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most frequent complications of surgical interventions. Several factors have been identified as major determinants of occurrence of SSIs. The present study determined the occurrence and possible risk factors associated with SSIs at a tertiary healthcare facility in Abuja, Nigeria. All patients scheduled for operation in the hospital during the study period and who consented to participate willingly in the study were observed prospectively for the occurrence of SSI based on criteria stipulated by the United States Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, surgical procedure and co-morbidity were collected into a pre-tested data collection tool and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics software v.24. Predictors of SSIs were identified using multivariate logistic regression model and -value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the 127 surgical patients that met the...
Surgical site infection is one of the most common preventable complications following major surgery and represents a significant burden in terms of patient morbidity, mortality and hospital costs. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving subjects who have undergone major surgery in surgical wards within the period of study. Questionnaires were administered to the 127 respondents alongside with laboratory investigation procedure to obtain data for the study. Results showed that the minimum age of the subjects ranged from 11years to 65years with mean age of 38years. Over 96% of subjects had operation done in a moderately ventilated operating theatre. More than 95% of subjects had operation with autoclaved instruments. The major findings reveals that 28 (22.05%) of subjects had surgical site infections based on clinical criteria, however, from the subjects with SSI, 25 (19.6%) were based on bacteriological criteria. In conclusion, Surgical Site Infection is a major problem in the surgical wards which is associated with ineffective surgical hand scrub for < 2 minutes, lack of intra-operative antimicrobial use and inadequate operating room ventilation. It is therefore recommended that government, management of hospitals and health care professionals have an important role to play in curbing the incidence of surgical site infections.
PLOS ONE
Introduction Surgical site infections are infections that take place within 30 days of an operative procedure. Worldwide, 23% of patients develop surgical site infections among all surgeries annually with the worst complications causing prolonged hospital stays, increased resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials, higher health system costs, emotional stress for patients and their families, and substantial economic burdens on hospitals. Therefore, this study was created to assess the magnitude and associated factors of surgical site infection at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital. Method We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study on patients who underwent a surgical procedure in 2018 at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital. We applied a systematic random sampling technique to obtain 261 patient records from all records of surgical patients from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2018. We collected data using a pretested checklist. We used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with surgical site infection. We considered a P-value < 0.05 as statistically significant. Summary measures, texts, tables, and figures present the results of the analysis. Result Among the 261 patients, 34 or 13% (95% CI = 9.2%, 17.2%) developed surgical site infection. Patients younger than 40 years old [
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare
Background: Surgical site infections are the second most common type of adverse events occurring in hospitalized patients. A surgical wound infection occurs when microorganisms from the skin or the environment enter the incision that the surgeon makes through the skin in order to carry out the operation. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of surgical site infections among patients admitted to WSUTR Hospital, southern Ethiopia. Method and materials: A two years retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in WSUTRH, 2015. The study was conducted on secondary data from September 2012 to August 2014 using patient cards. Result 334 patient cards were included in our study by proportion 183 were from Obs/Gyn and 151 of surgical cases. From this 10(3%), 6(1.8%) and 5(1.5%) of patients who undergo surgery are diagnosed as having postoperative wound infection on date of 3-4 day, 5 th or more days post operative period in the hospital and at home after discharge respectively. Most patients develop infection after 3or more days post operative. Conclusion Surgical site infection (SSI) is an infection that occurs at the incised site. Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common postoperative complications and occurs in at least five per cent of all patients undergoing surgery. Recommendation: Put into practice that provision of antibiotics before surgery since preoperative prophylactic antibiotics prevents from postoperative infections as well as surgical sight infection.
Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) continue the main problem in health care facilities, causing the prolonged length of stay, considerable morbidity, mortality, and the extra cost to patients after surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SSIs and explore its associated factors among surgical patients at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, southern Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among post-operative patients on a sample of 281 who were admitted and have had surgery from 1 March-1 April 2019. Purposive sampling technique and the structured questioner were selected to gather data from the patient's medical record, interview, and observation. EPI Info 3.5.4 was a data entry software and SPSS version 20.0 was selected for analysis. Associations among variables were assessed by binary logistic regression. Result A total of 281 patients have participated and the mean age was 30.3 (±18.9) years. The prevalence of SSIs was (24.6%) (95% CI 19.6-29.69). Age less than 15 years AOR = 0.131 (95% CI 0.020, 0.087), having clean surgical wound AOR = 0.006 (95% CI 0.002, 0.024) were significant protective associated factors to SSIs while having open surgical wound AOR =5.189 (95% CI 1.511, 17.821) and malnutrition AOR =29.351 (95% CI 5.711, 150.851) were significant risk associated factors to SSIs. Conclusion The prevalence of SSIs was bigger than the worldwide range between (1.2%) and (5.2%) even higher compared to reports from several developing countries. This needs exceptional attention to reduce the odds of surgical site infection by standardizing patient care and controlling of comorbidities. Background Surgical site infections circle as many as 30 days after surgery (or as late as one year after surgery in patients with implants) (1, 2). Among hospital-acquired infections, surgical site infections (SSI) are the most frequently reported. The incidence of SSI could be nearly 4 times higher in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) than in high-income countries (3). Surgical site infections were the primary infections in hospitals of Africa higher than magnitudes noted in developed countries (3) with cumulative incidence extended from 2.5% to 30.9% (4). In Ethiopia, the incidence rate of SSIs ranges from 10.9% to 75% (5-8).
Frontiers in Public Health, 2021
Objectives: Study the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of surgical site infections in University Clinics of Trauma-Orthopedics, Reconstructive Surgery and Urology in a developing country. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study of 384 people operated on during the period of 2019. Logistic regression was used to study the factors associated with surgical site infections. The associations between the dependent variable and the other variables were assessed by the odds ratio (OR) followed by their 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of surgical site infections was 7.81% CI 95% = (5.12-10.51). The factors linked to the surgical site infections in the studied population were the patient's admission method [OR = 2.74; 95% CI = (1.08-6.95)] and the length of the postoperative stay [OR = 8.75; 95% CI = (2.83-26.98)]. The interview and direct observation identified health care system dysfunctions, medical errors, patient monitoring and financial unavailability as factors that could favor the onset of surgical site infections. Conclusion: Interventions should be focused on the factors identified for the effective management of operated patients.
Background: Surgical site infections are the most common kinds of hospital-acquired infections. It's a common complication that can cause serious morbidity and mortality after surgery. It is also the major cause of extended hospital stays, accounting for up to 20% of hospital expenses. Methods and materials. A random sample of 144 surgical patients was analyzed utilizing a hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study technique from January 1 to December 31, 2019. The information was acquired using a World Health Organization-developed modified standardized checklist for surgery safety and the national surveillance network for nosocomial infections. A rigorous random sampling strategy was used to choose study participants. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were used to describe the data. Result:-A total of 13 of the 144 patients who were operated on had surgical site infections (9.02 percent). Elective surgical cases made up 102 (71%) of the total, whi...