Carbon dioxide removal through physical adsorption using carbonaceous and non-carbonaceous adsorbents: A review (original) (raw)
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Advancements in adsorption based carbon dioxide capture technologies- A comprehensive review
Heliyon, 2023
The significant increase in energy consumption has facilitated a rapid increase in offensive greenhouse gas (GHG) and CO2 emissions. The consequences of such emissions are one of the most pivotal concerns of environmental scientists. To protect the environment, they are conducting the necessary research to protect the environment from the greenhouse effect. Among the different sources of CO2 emission, power plants contribute the largest amount of CO2 and as the number of power plants around the world is rising gradually due to increasing energy demand, the amount of CO2 emission is also rising subsequently. Researchers have developed different potential technologies to capture post-combustion CO2 capture from powerplants among which membrane-based, cryogenic, absorption and adsorption-based CO2 processes have gained much attention due to their applicability at the industrial level. In this work, adsorption-based CO2 technologies are comprehensively reviewed and discussed to understand the recent advancements in different adsorption technologies and several adsorbent materials. Researchers and scientists have developed and advanced different adsorption technologies including vacuum swing adsorption, temperature swing adsorption, pressure swing adsorption, and electric swing adsorption, etc. To further improve the CO2 adsorption capacity with a compact CO2 adsorption unit, researchers have integrated different adsorption technologies to investigate their performance, such as temperature vacuum swing adsorption, pressure vacuum swing adsorption, electric temperature pressure swing adsorption, etc. Different adsorbent materials have been tested to evaluate their applicability for CO2 adsorption and among these adsorbents, advanced carbonaceous, non—carbonaceous, polymeric, and nanomaterials have achieved much attention due to their suitable characteristics that are required for adsorbing CO2. Researchers have reported that higher CO2 adsorption capacity can be achieved by integrating different adsorption technologies and employing suitable adsorbent material for that system. This comprehensive review also provides future directions that may assist researchers in developing novel adsorbent materials and gaining a proper understanding of the selection criteria for effective CO2 adsorption processes with suitable adsorbents.
Carbon Dioxide Capture by Adsorption ( Review )
2016
The present paper reviews the different types of adsorbents that could be used for CO2 capture from flue gases. They include carbon-based adsorbents, zeolites, molecular sieves, metal-organic frameworks, hydrotalcite-like compounds and advanced adsorbents. Their possibilities are described and confronted. In particular, it has been demonstrated that classical adsorbent materials need further functionalization or impregnation with different nitrogen-containing species in order to become suitable for CO2 capture. The different methods for CO2 capture by adsorption cyclic processes such as Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA), Vacuum Swing Adsorption (PSA), Thermal Swing Adsorption (TSA), Electric Swing Adsorption (ESA) as well as the combination of TSA and chemical reaction, known as Thermal Swing Sorption-Enhanced Reaction (TSSER), are also mentioned in the cited literature.
Efficacies of Carbon-Based Adsorbents for Carbon Dioxide Capture
Processes
Carbon dioxide (CO2), a major greenhouse gas, capture has recently become a crucial technological solution to reduce atmospheric emissions from fossil fuel burning. Thereafter, many efforts have been put forwarded to reduce the burden on climate change by capturing and separating CO2, especially from larger power plants and from the air through the utilization of different technologies (e.g., membrane, absorption, microbial, cryogenic, chemical looping, and so on). Those technologies have often suffered from high operating costs and huge energy consumption. On the right side, physical process, such as adsorption, is a cost-effective process, which has been widely used to adsorb different contaminants, including CO2. Henceforth, this review covered the overall efficacies of CO2 adsorption from air at 196 K to 343 K and different pressures by the carbon-based materials (CBMs). Subsequently, we also addressed the associated challenges and future opportunities for CBMs. According to thi...
Atmosphere, 2022
Due to rapid industrialization and urban development across the globe, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) has been significantly increased, resulting in adverse effects on the climate and ecosystems. In this regard, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be a promising technology in reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Among the CO2 capture technologies, adsorption has grabbed significant attention owing to its advantageous characteristics discovered in recent years. Porous carbon-based materials have emerged as one of the most versatile CO2 adsorbents. Numerous research activities have been conducted by synthesizing carbon-based adsorbents using different precursors to investigate their performances towards CCS. Additionally, amine-functionalized carbon-based adsorbents have exhibited remarkable potential for selective capturing of CO2 in the presence of other gases and humidity conditions. The present review describes the CO2 emission sources, health, and environme...
State-of-the-art review on capture of CO2 using adsorbents prepared from waste materials
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2020
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Research Square (Research Square), 2023
The increasing emissions of gaseous pollutants of anthropogenic origin, such as carbon dioxide (CO 2), which causes global warming, have promoted a great interest in developing and improving processes that allow their mitigation. Among them, adsorption on porous materials has been proposed as a sustainable alternative. This work presents a study of CO 2 equilibrium adsorption at low temperatures, (0, 10, and 20°C) over a wide range of low pressures, on activated carbon derived from eucalyptus (ES) and patula pine (PP) forest waste and carbonaceous material derived from waste tires (WT). Previously the precursors of these materials were prepared and characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties and thermochemically treated with phosphoric acid (ES and PP) and oxidized with nitric acid (in the case of WT). Additionally, these materials were used to obtain monoliths using uniaxial compaction techniques and different binding agents, obtaining better results with montmorillonite. All six adsorbent solids were characterized through their textural and chemical properties and proven in CO 2 adsorption. The highest speci c surface area (1405 m 2 /g), and micropore properties were found for activated carbon derived from eucalyptus allowing the highest adsorption capacity ranging from 2.27 mmol/g (at 0°C and 100 kPa) to 1.60 mmol/g (at 20°C and 100 kPa). The activated carbon monoliths presented the lowest CO 2 adsorption capacities, however, the materials studied showed a high potential to be focused on CO 2 capture and storage applications at high pressures. The isosteric heats of adsorption were also estimated for all the materials and results ranged from 16 to 45 kJ/mol at very low coverage explained in terms of the energetic heterogeneity and weakly repulsive interactions between adsorbed CO 2 molecules.
Different Approaches for the Development of Low-Cost Adsorbents
Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2009
Different carbon materials were tested as precursors for the production of CO 2 adsorbents. The chemical modification of the surface of the prepared adsorbents was studied by means of three different approaches: impregnation with amines, electrophilic aromatic substitution and heat treatment in the presence of ammonia. The samples were chemically characterized and the porous texture was evaluated from the N 2 adsorption isotherms at -196 ºC. The CO 2 adsorption capacities of the adsorbents at 25 and 100 ºC were evaluated in a thermogravimetric analyzer. In general, the incorporation of basic nitrogen functionalities enhanced the CO 2 capture capacities of the modified carbons but this increase depended on the textural properties of the support and the surface 2 modification methodology. CO 2 adsorption capacities of up to 111 mg CO 2 / g at room temperature were attained. All the tested samples were completely regenerated when subjected to heat treatment at 100 ºC under inert atmosphere.
A comparative study of various porous adsorbents for CO2 adsorption
2019
Zeolites, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon nanotubes, polymers, and activated carbons have been commonly used as porous adsorbents for CO2 adsorption. The objective of the study was to prepare low-cost activated carbon from carob stones and compare its adsorption capacities for CO2 with that of commercial mesoporous silica and four zeolites (zeolite, 4A zeolite, ammonium Y and sodium Y zeolites). CO2 adsorption on these porous adsorbents was investigated by using volumetric adsorption apparatus, TriStar II 3020 at room temperature and at pressures up to 900 mmHg. The CO2 adsortion capacities (wt%) were determined using the values of the quantity adsorbed at 900 mmHg. It could be confirmed that chemical activation plays an important role in determining the porous structure and amount of CO2 adsorbed.