Surface Analysis of Biomolecules: Unravelling biointerfacial interactions (original) (raw)
Related papers
Surface modification and chemical surface analysis of biomaterials
Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 2011
The chemical composition of the surface layers of synthetic biomaterials used for human medical devices and in biotechnology plays a key role in determining interfacial interactions between biological media (such as protein solutions, cells, tissue) and the synthetic material. Accordingly, considerable research efforts focus on improving the 'biocompatibility' of biomaterials by applying various surface modification and thin film coating approaches. Here we focus on the patterning of surface chemistries, often designed to exercise spatial control over events such as cell attachment and spreading. Secondly, we review recent developments in chemical characterisation of biomaterials surfaces, which is essential both for verifying the success of intended surface modification strategies and for reliable interpretation of observed biological responses. Biomaterials surface analysis by imaging ToF-SIMS and XPS and compositional depth profiling are discussed, as is the emerging complementary technique of Metastable Induced Electron Spectroscopy.
Surface Characterization in Biomaterials Applications
2008
Applications biomaterials are illustrated as examples of functionalized surfaces in the growing field of synthetic materials for medical applications. After a brief introduction into the main surface analytical tools such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TofSIMS) and contact angle measurements two examples, endotracheal tubes for with anti-bacterial characteristics and the preparation of neural biochips are chosen to illustrate recent achievements.
Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, 1996
This document has been approved for public release and sale, its distribution is unlimited. 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 woros) We discuss here the status and challenges of the use of surface chemical analysis based on electron and ion spectrometry for "biomaterials", that class of materials and their applications where the primary surface contact of a polymer, metal, alloy, ceramic, or semiconductor, etc. is with a biological environment. Subsequent papers in this special issue highlight contrasting views on the relevance of surface science to this problem, the emergence of scanning probe microscopy and applications in areas of interest to surface scientists. The challenges of structure determination and the relationship with reactivity in these environments are outlined. Some examples are given describing areas for future growth of electron and ion spectroscopy These are highlighted by problems in the analysis of reactive materials; where the purpose of the material is not be "inert" to the biological milieu. Surface chemica! problems of general import include (bio)-adhesion and (bio)-corrosion; thus, there are direct parallels with other areas of substantial previous work in surface science. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified
FTIR and UV‒vis study of chemically engineered biomaterial surfaces for protein immobilization
Spectroscopy, 2002
The biomaterials research field has broadened in the last 3 decades, including replacement of diseased or damaged parts, assist in healing, correct and improve functional abnormality, drug delivery systems, immunological kits and biosensors. Proteins play crucial role in almost every biological system. They are involved in enzymatic catalysis, transport and storage, coordinated motion, mechanical support, immune protection, control of growth and cell differentiation among many others. The immobilization of proteins onto surface functionalized substrates has been one of the most promising areas in bioengineering field. It is important to note that the term immobilization can refer either to a temporary or to a permanent localization of the biomolecule on or within a support. Proteins have very particular chain configurations and conformations that promote high levels of specificity during chemical interactions. In the present work, we aimed to study the phenomenon of protein immobili...
Creating Biomimetic Surfaces through Covalent and Oriented Binding of Proteins
Langmuir, 2010
This manuscript describes a novel method for the biofunctionalization of glass surfaces with polyhistidine-tagged proteins. The main innovation of this methodology consists of the covalent binding between the nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) moiety and the proteins, ensuring not only orientation, but also stability of the recombinant proteins on NTAcovered surfaces. In this work, as C-terminal polyhistidine tagged cadherin extracellular fragments have been used, this methodology guarantees the proper orientation of these proteins, by mimicking their insertion into cell plasma membranes. These biofunctionalized surfaces have been characterized by confocal microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle, and atomic force microscopy, showing a high density of cadherins on the glass surfaces and the stability of the linkage. The prepared materials exhibited a high tendency to promote cell spreading, demonstrating the functionality of the protein and the high utility of these biomaterials to promote cell adhesion events. Interestingly, differences in the cytoskeleton organization have been observed in cells adhering to surfaces with no cadherins or with nonoriented cadherins, in comparison to surfaces functionalized with well-oriented cadherins. This method, which allows the robust immobilization of polyhistidine tagged proteins due to their covalent binding and with a defined orientation, may also find particular usefulness in the making of protein biochips, for analysis of protein-protein interactions, as well as structural and single-molecule studies.
Nanoparticle-Decorated Surfaces for the Study of Cell-Protein-Substrate Interactions
MRS Proceedings, 2004
ABSTRACTThe present study was motivated by the need for accurately-controlled and well-characterized novel biomaterial formulations for the study of cell-protein-material interactions. For this purpose, the current research has focused on the design, fabrication and characterization of model native oxide-coated silicon surfaces decorated with silica nanoparticles of select sizes, and has examined the adhesion of osteoblasts and fibroblasts on these nanoparticle-decorated surfaces. The results demonstrate the capability to deposit nanoparticles of select diameters and substrate surface coverage onto native silicon oxide-coated silicon, the firm attachment of these nanoparticles to the underlying native silicon oxide, and that nanoparticle size and coverage modulate adhesion of osteoblasts and fibroblasts to these substrates. The material formulations tested provide a well-controlled and well-characterized set of model substrates needed to study the effects of nanoscale features on th...
Molecules, 2019
In this study, we investigate how a surface structure underneath a surface-attached polymer coating affects the bioactivity of the resulting material. To that end, structured surfaces were fabricated using colloidal lithography (lateral dimensions: 200 nm to 1 µm, height ~15 to 50 nm). The surface structures were further functionalized either with antimicrobial, cell-adhesive polycations or with protein-repellent polyzwitterions. The materials thus obtained were compared to non-functionalized structured surfaces and unstructured polymer monolayers. Their physical properties were studied by contact-angle measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Protein adhesion was studied by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, and the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria was tested. The growth of human mucosal gingiva keratinocytes on the materials was analyzed using the Alamar blue assay, optical microscopy, and live-dead staining. The data shows that the underlying s...
Biomaterials, 2003
Protein adsorption and adhesion of primary human osteoblasts on chemically patterned, metal-oxide-based surfaces comprising combinations of titanium, aluminium, vanadium and niobium were investigated. Single metal samples with a homogeneous surface and bimetal samples with a surface pattern produced by photolithographic techniques were used. The physical and chemical properties of the samples have been extensively characterised and are presented in a companion paper. Here, we describe their properties in terms of cell responses during the initial 24 h of cell culture. Regarding the cell number and activity there was no significant difference between any of the single metal surfaces. However the morphology of cells on vanadium surfaces became spindle-like. In contrast to the behaviour on single metal samples, cells exhibited a pronounced reaction on bimetallic surfaces that contained aluminium. Cells tended to stay away from aluminium, which was the least favoured metal in all two-metal combinations. An initial cell alignment relative to the pattern geometry was detectable after 2 h and was fully developed after 18 h of incubation.
Role of Surface Chemistry in Protein Remodeling at the Cell-Material Interface
2011
Background The cell-material interaction is a complex bi-directional and dynamic process that mimics to a certain extent the natural interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix. Cells tend to adhere and rearrange adsorbed extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins on the material surface in a fibril-like pattern. Afterwards, the ECM undergoes proteolytic degradation, which is a mechanism for the removal of the excess ECM usually approximated with remodeling.
Microscopic investigations of the interaction of proteins with surfaces
Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 1994
The application of light microscopy to the study of protein-surface interactions is described with several examples showing its versatility. Extensive use is made of image analysis algorithms to extract quantitative information from the digital images and it is shown how this can shed light on the processes taking place on the surface. Amongst the surfaces investigated are siloxane films on silicon wafers, glucose oxidase/poly(ethyleneglycol) films cast onto glass slides and glucose oxidase entrapped in electropolymerised poly(phenyleneoxide) films on platinum. Parameters that can be measured include : surface loading, surface heterogeneity, distribution of enzyme activity, surface mobility and film porosity. Both reflected light and fluorescence microscopy were used to characterise the surfaces and it was concluded that not only does light microscopy offer a powerful tool for the characterisation of surfaces but it may also provide an interface between bioelectronic materials and conventional computing machinery .