Agricultural Entomology Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Acta Scientific Agriculture

The goal of this review was to identify potential long-term pest management strategies for reducing vegetable contamination in Ghana. Pesticide contaminations are easily transmitted through the consumption of vegetables. The majority of pesticide-related health studies have focused on people who are exposed as a result of their occupation, such as farmworkers and pesticide applicators. Vegetables are susceptible to a variety of insect pests and diseases, which limit their production in Ghana. Accordingly, a wide range of synthetic insecticides are continuously being used for their management. This type of strategy is seriously increasing vegetable contamination, which is endangering the health of consumers in Ghana. To alleviate the alarming situation, the development of potential sustainable pest management strategies such as; biorational pesticides and agro-ecological strategies should be encouraged. Furthermore, the illegal use of prohibited chemicals such as DDTs, as well as their persistent nature, is critical and must be treated with the greatest concern it deserves.

2025, GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Abundance is defined as the relative representation of species in a particular area. It is usually measured as the number of individuals found per sample. The abundance of insects was recorded from the selected fields of mustard, potato and tomato fields. Samples were collected by applying quadrant method, simple tools were used i.e. sweep nets and direct handpicking. Hemiptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera were the main orders of the insects that were most abundant and effecting the selected fields. Total collected specimens were numbered as 117, out of which 65 specimens were recorded from mustard 36 from tomato and 16 from potato field. The results indicate that insects have subsequent association with their host vegetables at leafy stage. A maximum abundance of insects was found in mustard fields and least in Potato field. A common insect found among all fields was the budworm. Abundance was recorded less because of some factors i.e. low temperature and pesticides.

2025, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

Hexapods, commonly known as insects, are a neglected taxonomic group in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with unanswered questions about their species richness and the ecological processes in which they are involved (e.g., colonization, introduction, establishment, and extinction). Herein, we provide an updated Hexapod checklist with current nomenclatural combinations. The entomofauna of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago is currently composed of 453 species in 21 orders. The orders, and their respective number of species, are: Blattaria (9), Coleoptera (118), Collembola (29), Dermaptera (3), Diplura (1), Diptera (134), Embioptera (1), Hemiptera (29), Hymenoptera (59), Isoptera (2), Lepidoptera (25), Mantodea (1), Neuroptera (3), Odonata (5), Orthoptera (11), Phasmatodea (1), Phthiraptera (6), Psocoptera (3), Siphonaptera (1), Thysanoptera (10), and Zygentoma (2). The archipelago has 263 new taxon records (family + genera + species). Thirty-eight species (3.39%) were described from local specimens and most of them are likely endemic species. This study more than doubles our knowledge (from the previous 190 records) of the entomofauna in this large Brazilian archipelago. This study also provides a baseline for studies on its conservation status and for implementing future environmental management programs.

2025, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

The experiment was conducted during late kharif 2015 for screening of 6 varieties and 5 hybrids of brinjal against L .orbonalis in terms of fruit damage. Relatively high percentage of fruit damage was recorded in CVK variety, Ranjitha hybrid, Arka Kusumakar variety. The damage in the above lines ranges from 65 percent to 57 percent. The lowest fruit damage was recorded in Shymala hybrid and Arka Neelakanth variety, in these two lines on number and weight basis similar results were obtained (22 to 26%). The maximum percentage of fruit damage was recorded during 70 -100 DAT.

2025, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hyphocreales) is a facultative pathogen with wide host range. The bioefficacy of entomopathogens in relation to number of conidia in B.bassiana were chance to increase the bioefficacy with respect to the mortality of lepidopteran larvae by adding minerals. These minerals are namely calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc were added to SDAY media at 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 ppm. As a result the efficacy of entomopathogns will increase. The cumulative per cent mortality with nano enriched B. bassiana was ranged between 16.67 and 90.00 per cent in different treatments. The highest per cent mortality (90.00) was recorded with MgO at 50 ppm which is on par with CaO 20 ppm and FeO 10 ppm based B. bassiana, followed by ZnO at 10 ppm (83.33). Where as in control it was 16.67 per cent during 2016. Similarly during 2017 also the same treatments have given the highest per cent mortality compare to other treatments.

2025, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

In the study of insect pests of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill,) in Peshawar, the insects found or feeding on soybean plants were white fly Bemisia tabaci (Gen), Thrips flavus Schr, jassids Amrasca biguttula (Gen)., painted bug Piezodorus sp., hairy catterpiller Euproctus sp., chrysomellids Systena sp. and different species of grasshoppers including Acrida exalta Walk., Truxalix nasuta (Lin.), Euprepocnemis alacris alacris (Ser.) and Attractomorpha acutipennis (Guer). Also the relative abundance of each of these species on different cultivars of soybean was recorded from August to November. Cultivar GS-50277-266-9-21 attracted significantly large number of all the recorded insects showing its least resistance or maximum susceptibility. Not a single cultivar was fount to be resistant to all the insect pests. However, cultivar WILL was relatively more resistant to white files, cultivar GC-81090-72-7 was relatively more resistant to painted bug and hairy caterpillar and cultivar GC-81083-83 was relatively more resistant to jassids and thrips than the other cultivars.

2025, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Groundnut leaf miner, Aproaerema modicella (Deventer) belonging to the family Gelechiidae causing considerable yield losses to groundnut crop. An experiment was conducted to study management of groundnut leaf miner with nano scale NSKE formulations during kharif, 2015. Different concentrations of nano scale Zn coated NSKE treatments were used i.e. nano scale (Zn) coated NSKE formulations @ 5 g/l, nano scale (Zn) NSKE formulations @ 10 g/l, nano scale (Zn) NSKE formulations @ 20 g/l, nano scale (Zn) NSKE formulations @ 30 g/l, and nano scale NSKE formulations @ 50 g/l, without nano scale NSKE formulations @ 50 g/l, quinalphos @ 2.0 ml/l, only silver nano particles @ 100 ppm. The efficacy of all treatments were evaluated at different stages. Results revealed that nano scale (Zn) coated NSKE formulation @ 30 g/l was found to be most effective treatment followed by nano scale NSKE formulations @ 50 g/l, quinalphos @ 2.0 ml/l, only silver nano particles @ 50 g/l, nano scale (Zn) NSKE for...

2025, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Groundnut leaf miner, Aproaerema modicella (Deventer) belonging to the family Gelechiidae causing considerable yield losses to groundnut crop. An experiment was conducted to The studies on pheromone trap catches of groundnut leaf miner indicated that positive correlation with maximum temperature, morning relative humidity, rainfall, rainy days, sunshine hours while negative correlation with minimum temperature and evening relative humidity. Among the seven weather parameters, minimum temperature (-0.573), evening relative humidity (-0.477) showed significant negative influence on moth catches but morning relative humidity (0.493) showed significant positive influence on moth catches of A. modicella.

2025, Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology

A study was carried out at S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati to evaluate the efficacy of selected insecticide molecules against pod borer complex in field bean during rabi, 2020-21. The results revealed that among nine insecticide molecules tested for their efficacy against major pod borers, the sprays of spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/L were found to be most effective against spotted pod borer (82.26 per cent reduction over control), tobacco caterpillar (79.77%), blue butterfly (81.13%) and pea pod borer (81.14%). The next in the order of efficacy were indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 0.5 ml/L which has recorded 80.45 per cent reduction over control for spotted pod borer, 78.82% for tobacco caterpillar, 79.93% for blue butterfly and 79.79% for pea pod borer whereas flubendiamide 20 WG @ 0.3 g/L has recorded 81.02 per cent reduction over control for spotted pod borer, 77.13% for tobacco caterpillar, 77.41% for blue butterfly and 77.11% for pea pod borer. Similarly, the least per cent pod damage was...

2025, International Journal of Biological Innovations

The International Journal of Biological Innovations (IJBI) is an official publication of the Glocal Environment & Social Association (GESA). The IJBI is a peer-reviewed, refereed, multi-indexed, open access and online journal. It aims to disseminate the scientific research, recent biological innovations and to provide the most complete as well as reliable source of information on current developments in the field. The IJBI plays an important role in global academia by encouraging research, fostering knowledge and promoting new dimensions/developments in the areas related to biological sciences.

2025, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca

The research results regarding the selection of some mixtures of perennial fodder grasses and legumes suitable for the establishment of temporary pastures in Cojocna, Transylvania region, Romania, are presented in this paper. The evolution of both the botanical composition and dry matter (DM) yield on 2 cuttings, after the sowing of mixtures were measured in order to establish the best mixtures. Increases of the legume ratios in the botanical composition of swards on both first and second cutting were recorded in the mixtures where their ratios at sowing were less than 40%. Grasses, in comparison with legumes, recorded lower ratios in the structure of swards than those used at sowing, both on the first and the second cutting. Weeds had ratios of 31-75% in the botanical composition of all variants on the first cutting, while on the second cutting their ratios decreased to less than 25% in the majority of variants, except in the pure alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) crop. The higher fodde...

2025, Studia Universitatis Moldaviae : Ştiinţe ale Naturii (online)/Studia Universitatis Moldaviae : Ştiinţe ale Naturii

The article presents data on the results of the monitoring of rare and endangered vascular plants in the ,,Lower Prut Lakes" Ramsar site, in the southwestern part of the Republic of Moldova. New information on the presence of five rare species -Acorus calamus L., Allium sphaeropodum Klokov, Dichodon viscidum (M. Bieb.) Holub, Leucojum aestivum L. and Ornithogalum boucheanum (Kunth) Asch. in the studied territory, as well as bioecological, chorological, habitat, sozological peculiarities, and some population characters are elucidated.

2025

This study estimates the possible effects of change in climatic factors on the production of major crops in Maharashtra, India. Daily precipitation, and minimum and maximum temperature simulated by a statistically downscaled MPI-ESM-MR model in NEX-GDDP archive have been used in the study. Under RCP4.5, the analysis suggests a significant reduction in the production of three major crops, viz. sugarcane, cotton and rice. This decline is prominent in central and central-east Maharashtra. These findings imply the need to improve and develop new seed varieties that can withstand drastic changes in climate and also give high yield to combat food security of an increasing population.

2025

This study aims to identify the types of pest and non-pest insects in sweet potato plants, and to know their index of diversity. The observation result obtained 10 species of pest insects are classified into six orders. Four families in Diptera, two families (Dolichopodidae and Syrphidae) as predators while the other two families such as Tipulidae and Neridae are unidentified. Order of Coleoptera: Coccinelidae family (Coccinela sp) and Carabidae are as predators, while Scarabaeidae role is unidentified. There is only Reduviidae family in Hemiptera Order. Population and most insects species found in Order Hymenoptera. Formicidae family as predators and as parasites from family ichneumonidae, Megaspilidae, Braconidae, Eupelmidae, and Encyrtidae. Another family of Forficulidae role in the Order of Dermaptera is unidentified. The research result shows that the diversity index of insects in sweet potato plants varied in each location. The highest diversity index to lowest are 2.541 in Lo...

2025, Plant Disease

Potato virus Y (PVY) has emerged as the main reason for potato seed lot rejections, seriously affecting seed potato production in the United States throughout the past 20 years. The dynamics of PVY strain abundance and composition in various potato growing areas of the United States has not been well documented or understood up to now. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of PVY strains in potato fields in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), including seed potato production systems in the State of Idaho and commercial potato fields in the Columbia Basin of Washington State between 2011 and 2021. Based on the testing of >10,000 foliar samples during Idaho seed certification winter grow-out evaluations of seed potato lots and seed lot trials in Washington State, a dramatic shift in the PVY strain composition was revealed in the PNW between 2011 and 2016. During this time period, the prevalence of the ordinary, PVYO strain in seed potato dropped 8- to 10-fold, concomi...

2025, Plant Disease

Potato is one of the staple crops in Egypt, grown under irrigation almost continuously year-round. Potato virus Y (PVY) has been reported as one of the main viruses affecting potatoes in Egypt, but limited information is available on PVY strains circulating in potato fields in the country. From 2014 to 2016, virus surveys were conducted in several potato-growing governorates of Egypt, and PVY-positive samples were found to represent at least five distinct recombinant PVY strains, including PVYNTN and PVYN-Wi. Whole genome sequences were determined for four isolates representing strains PVY-SYR-III (Egypt7), PVY-261-4 (Egypt11), PVYNTNa (Egypt35), and a novel recombinant named Egypt24 that combined molecular properties of strains PVY-261-4 and PVY-Wilga156var. At least three recombinants found in Egypt in potato were previously found associated with potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD). The identification of multiple recombinant types of PVY in potato in Egypt, including th...

2025, Plant Disease

Potato virus Y (PVY) is a serious threat to potato production due to effects on tuber yield and quality, in particular, due to induction of potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD), typically associated with recombinant strains of PVY. These recombinant strains have been spreading in the United States for the past several years, although the reasons for this continuing spread remained unclear. To document and assess this spread between 2011 and 2015, strain composition of PVY isolates circulating in the Columbia Basin potato production area was determined from hundreds of seed lots of various cultivars. The proportion of nonrecombinant PVYO isolates circulating in Columbia Basin potato dropped ninefold during this period, from 63% of all PVY-positive plants in 2011 to less than 7% in 2015. This drop in PVYO was concomitant with the rise of the recombinant PVYN-Wi strain incidence, from less than 27% of all PVY-positive plants in 2011 to 53% in 2015. The proportion of the PVYNT...

2025

The present study aimed at identification of new inbred lines with resistance to maize stem borers. A set of 76 inbred lines were screened against Chilo partellus and 56 against Sesamia inferens during kharif 2017 and rabi 2017-18, respectively under artificial infestation conditions and evaluated based on the leaf injury rating (LIR)on 1-9 scale. LIR in the test lines due to C. partellus ranged from 2.7 to 9.0 and for S. inferens foliar damage ranged from 2.1 to 9.0. Among the lines screened, one line DMRE63/ CML 287-2-46-9 was found to be resistant to C. partellus with LIR 2.7 whereas eight lines, viz., BGS-86 (2.17), CM111/Zea diploperennis/CM111 (2.8), CML141 (2.4), CML33#-4 (2.4), DML-1432 (3.0), EC619101 (2.5), HEY Pool-2011-30-4-1-2-2-1 (2.2) and HEY Pool-2011-41-2-1-1-1-1 (2.3) were found resistant to S. inferens. These lines can be used in future studies to develop stem borer resistant cultivars.

2025

Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is a serious pest of litchi. After hatching, the larvae immediately entre into the fruit, pierce its peduncle, and feed on the soft tissue within. This leads to poor fruit quality and fruit drop after infestation. Understanding the life history and identification characters of C. sinensis is, therefore essential for developing effective management strategies. In order to perform different research studies on this pest, a study was done to first standardize the laboratory rearing procedures for C. sinensis in 2021 and 2022. Insect rearing cages was developed where fresh litchi fruits and 10 per cent honey solution were employed as food for larvae and adults. Results indicated that C. sinensis can be reared successfully under controlled conditions at 25 ± 2°C temperature with high relative humidity (75–85%) RH. Significant difference was observed in number of eggs laid on different treatments provide in the multi choice condi...

2025, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

An experiment was carried out during the year of 2016 in the first crop rearing of Tasar silkworm at Pilot Project Centre (PPC), Kathikund with replicated thrice in completely randomized block design. The treatments consists with three brushing date of tasar larva in the month of July (i.e., 16 th , 21 st and 26 th at an interval of 5 days) and four directions (i.e., North, South, East and West). Daily weather and predator's data have been collected from rearing field and expressed in weekly basis. Interactive relationship was made between weather and predators in tasar silkworm by using weekly data. On the basis of interactive approach between weekly weather and predators' data, we found that congenial weather condition was favorable for high infestation of predators during 31 st standard meteorological week (SMW). After and before 31 st SMW, the predator's infestation was very low or absence in all date of brushing and direction, which indicates after and before 31 st SMW week, weather condition was unfavorable for predators. On the basis of above results, we can forewarn to tasar sericulture farmers for adapting best integrated pest management practices before31 st SMW or any weeks weather going to congenial for predators during 1 st crop rearing. Brushing date, Direction, Congenial weather, Pest outbreak etc.

2025

The effects of Neem extracts; Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE), Neem leaf extract (NLE), Neem stem bark extract (NSBE) at 0, 5, 10 and 15% concentrations were investigated on Ootheca mutabilis, Aspervia armigera, Clavigralla tomentosicollis and Coptosoma stali, all cowpea insect pests in Asaba area Delta State. The specific objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of selected neem extracts for insect pest management in cowpea production in the area. The treatments; NSKE, NLE, NSBE and untreated check were replicated three times using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results obtained indicated that neem extract had some insecticidal properties which showed positive control on some major insect pests and significantly influenced pest population associated with the crop. The study showed that 10% NSBE concentration was more effective for the management of Ootheca mutabilis, Aspervia armigera and Clavigralla tomentosicollis amongst the various levels of neem extracts tested in two years cropping seasons (2021 and 2022). Based on the findings from the study, 10% concentration of NSBE is recommended to farmers for mitigating insect pest damage on cowpea in the study area.

2025

Background: Field studies were carried out in Asaba to screen two varieties of eggplants (Solanum spp), for insect pest attack and pest population. Collected pests were identified, classified, with their relative abundance calculated.... more

2025, African Journal of Agricultural Research

Cowpeas, Vigna unguiculata (Walp), are commonly attacked by Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) during storage. Current methods to prevent losses during storage involve synthetic insecticides. Although they have insecticidal efficiency, these products have adverse effects on consumers and the environment. Plant products such as those of Xylopia aethiopica (Annonaceae) are potential sources of natural insecticides. This study assessed the efficiency of a preparation of the essential oil of X. aethiopica mixed with its powdered fruits in order to increase the persistence of its effect against C. maculatus. The persistence relates to toxicity against adults, the prevention of F1 emergence, oviposition and the development of eggs laid by C. maculatus. Four treatments were compared: 1) control, consisting of 200 g of grain, 2) 200 g of grain mixed with 2 g of powder from X. aethiopica, 3) 200 g of grain mixed with 0.4 ml of essential oil, and finally 4) 200 g of grain mixed with 2 g of powder plus 0.4 ml of essential oil. The results showed that, with powder alone, crude essential oil, and powder imbibed with essential oil, the toxicity lasted respectively for 3, 9 and 12 days (p<0.05). The persistence of the effect of treatment with X. aethiopica powder plus essential oil on the mortality and oviposition of C. maculatus was better than that of the treatment with the crude essential oil (p<0.05 until day 18). Moreover, the X. aethiopica powder enriched with essential oil provoked, after 52 days, 100% of development inhibition. The hatching of eggs of C. maculatus was also inhibited by all the formulations except the control. The authors results indicate that protection of cowpeas against C. maculatus may be possible using a formulation based on the dry fruits of X. aethiopica; the powder may increase the persistence of the essential oil.

2025, Journal of Entomology and Zoology studies

Pisum sativum (pea) is a nutritionally valuable legume widely cultivated in greenhouse systems. However, its productivity is often compromised by insect pests such as aphids (Aphididae) and whiteflies (Aleyrodidae). Conventional chemical pesticides, though effective, pose risks including environmental contamination, human health hazards, and the development of pest resistance. In pursuit of sustainable, non-chemical pest control strategies, this study investigates the effectiveness of ultraviolet (UV) light traps specifically UV-B and UV-C wavelengths in managing pest populations in greenhouse-grown pea plants. Fifteen potted P. sativum plants were divided into three experimental groups: Group 1 exposed to UV-B light, Group 2 to UV-C light, and Group 3 serving as the untreated control. Over a three-month period, weekly pest counts were conducted across the upper, middle, and lower canopy layers. Results revealed a statistically significant reduction in aphid and whitefly densities, particularly in the upper and middle canopy layers of UV-treated groups, compared to the control. These findings suggest that wavelength-specific UV light traps offer a promising alternative to chemical pesticides for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in protected horticultural environments.

2025

The effect of different forms of potash fertilizers on the chemical composition and palatability of alfalfa, cocksfoot and mixture between them was studied during 2006 –

2025, Pakistan Journal of Botany

The permanent climate changes having occurred in the last decade present a serious risk to the agricultural crops. Тhis requires to study new herbaceous forage species having pronounced resistance to unfavorable abiotic factors and good adaptive capacity towards the new conditions. Legumes species that can provide self-sowing and persist continuously in the sward become of practical importance. Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is an annual drought resistant legume with winter-spring type of development and ability for self-sowing. The studies with subterranean clover during the last years showed that it has practical applicability under the climatic conditions of Bulgaria. When sown at an appropriate time in the autumn, it establishes a uniform stand before the beginning of the permanent cold spell and grows up early in the spring and forms a dense sward. Subterranean clover was found as a suitable component for mixtures with widely used perennial grass and legume forage crops and contributed to weed infestation decreasing, higher productivity and persistence of the pasture systems. In addition, due to the prostrate habit it is strongly tolerant to grazing. The subterranean clover is adaptable to the changing climatic conditions and its use as a natural bio-recourse in the pastures could be a contribution to finding a solution in the field of forage production to mitigate the adverse effects of climatic change.

2025, International Journal of Environment and Climate Change

The tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) is present as an economically important and regular polyphagous pests in India and other countries. The knowledge of biology and ecology of an insect pests is a prerequisite for its management. An experiment was conducted on biology of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) on different host plants in laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan. The results revealed that the minimum and maximum incubation period of S. litura was 2.98 and 3.30 days recorded on castor and cauliflower, respectively. The minimum larval and pre pupal period was 12.96 and 1.00 days recorded on castor. The minimum and maximum pupal period were recorded on cotton (8.27 days) and cauliflower (6.44 days), respectively. The adult male and female moth survival maximum larvae reared on cauliflower 5.00 and 6.90 days whereas minimum on castor 3.95 and 6.00 da...

2025, International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience

A study on biology of spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata was studied on greengram under laboratory conditions during rabi 2014-2015 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur. The female moth laid eggs on the flower buds, flower petals, tender pods and on inner surface of glass jar. The egg period lasted for 3.25 days. Mean fecundity was 52.16 eggs. There were five larval instars with mean larval duration of 14.85 days. The measurements (length x breadth) of first, second, third, fourth and fifth instar larvae were 3.02 mm x 0.61 mm, 4.43 mm x 0.87 mm, 8.80 mm x 1.69 mm, 11.10 mm x 2.68 mm and 15.68 mm x 3.07 mm, respectively. The average head capsule width of first, second, third, fourth and fifth instar larvae were 26.80 µm, 65.20 µm, 88.70 µm, 121.60 µm and 139.60 µm, respectively. The fully grown larvae stopped their feeding and spun silken thread around it to transform into pupa on dry leaves, flowers and debris. The pre pupal and pupal period lasted for 1.85 and 7.35 days respectively. The longevity of male and female moths was 5.80 and 7.95 days respectively. The total developmental period of M. vitrata ranged from 32.95 to 35.10 days with 76.00% of adult emergence.

2025

Attracting cerambycids to lamp light; • Rearing of adults in laboratory conditions from infested parts of food plants. Collected cerambicids were identified by Dr. Karl Adlbauer. Studied material is deposited in the Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Scientific Found (Sofia, Bulgaria). Single specimens are kept in K. Adlbauer's collection.

2025, Micro Fauna Associated with Aquatic Snails, their Control Roles, and the Phylogenetic of New Species Euplotes elhusseini

Many microorganisms, including nematodes, ciliates, rotifers,
cheatogastriches, and ostracods, have been found to be associated with
freshwater snails in their natural habitats; some of these act as snail biocontrol
agents. The current study sought to identify the microfauna associated with
aquatic snails and how they interact to know if they have a role of snail biological
control. During the 2020-2023 seasons, a survey of freshwater snails and their
associated microfauna was conducted in the governorates of Giza and
Qualyobyia in Egypt. The 18S ribosomal (18S rRNA) gene sequences for the
new ciliate species were determined. The survey identified two snail parasitic
nematodes, nine inquiline rotifers, nine ciliates (one of which, Euplotes
elhusseini n.sp., was described morphologically and phylogenetically), one
actinophryd, two gastrotrichs, and one ostracod was associated with five snail
species from each of the Prosobranchiate and Pulmonate snails. The interaction
between some microorganisms may affect their roles as control bioagents.
Morphological and molecular characteristics of the new species, Euplotes
elhusseini, were described. In conclusion, rotifers and snail parasitic nematodes
are the only species that might be called control bioagents of harmful gastropods.

2025, Museum ID Magazine

Sophia Sanan on the pan-African project which makes clear African museum workers and stakeholders are best placed to define, map out and create cultural change.

2025, international journal of entomology research

The investigations on management of the Sitophilus oryzae linked with stored millets were taken away to understand the efficacy of Ecofriendly botanicals pesticides on the mortality of the pesticides. The efficiency of five environmentally friendly insecticides against Sitophilus oryzae infestations in sorghum is assessed. This experiment was conducted under a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRD). The effect of Phyto extracts and reasons on adult Sitophilus oryzae mortality at 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of exposure was investigated in this investigation. After 30 DAS days of storage, grain remained undamaged in treatments employing 5% concentrations of sweet flag powder, custard apple seed powder, and neem leaf powder, coriander seed powder. The highest level of grain damage was recorded by tulsi powder. At 60 days after sowing (DAS), the treatments using 5% sweet flag powder, 5% custard apple seed powder, and 5% neem leaf powder showed no grain damage. After 90 days after sowing, no grain damage was observed with the application of 5% sweet flag powder, 5% custard apple seed powder, and 5% neem leaf powder. The treatments using 5% sweet flag powder, 5% custard apple seed powder, and 5% neem leaf powder showed no signs of grain damage after 120 days. Therefore, it can be said that these compounds are both economically and environmentally feasible and can be easily obtained and used to control Sitophilus oryzae in stored grains like sorghum.

2025, Agricultural Reviews, Volume 46 Issue 3 (June 2025)

Background: Pigeonpea is a low input, rainfed crop that provides economic returns every part of the plant. Insect-pests are the major biotic constraints limiting the productivity of this crop. Keeping all these factors in mind, the present experiment was conducted to study the population dynamics of insect-pests in different growing environments and their relationship with microclimate of pigeonpea cultivars.

2025, Emeka R. Offor

Plant-feeding insects represent one of the most diverse and economically significant groups of herbivores, with their nutritional requirements directly influencing population dynamics, host plant selection, and agricultural impact. This comprehensive review examines the complex nutritional ecology of phytophagous insects, focusing on developmental stage-specific requirements, metabolic constraints, and the ecological implications of nutrient limitation. We synthesize current understanding of macronutrient and micronutrient demands across insect taxa, evaluate the challenges associated with artificial diet development, and discuss the potential for nutritional ecology approaches in integrated pest management strategies. Key findings indicate that protein-to-carbohydrate ratios shift dramatically during development, with early instars requiring high-protein diets for structural growth and later stages favoring carbohydrate-rich resources for energy storage and reproduction. Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly in essential amino acids, sterols, and water-soluble vitamins, can severely constrain insect performance and may represent exploitable targets for sustainable crop protection. The integration of nutritional profiling with modern agricultural practices offers promising avenues for developing environmentally sound pest management approaches based on manipulating host plant nutritional quality.

2025, ALL Bioscience

Liriomyza sativae, also known as vegetable leafminer, becomes a major threat to agriculture in Dubai, UAE, after its first documented identification within its domain by using Citizen Science. The identification was made through combining the author's publication with previous reports available in Inaturalist. The survey employed contributions from citizen science explorations, field surveys, and available literature in documenting the infestation of L. sativae, a pest that causes losses in economically important crops including tomato, cucumber, and pumpkin, common in urban agriculture in Dubai. Temperature values between 28°C and 40°C are shown to play an important role in enabling enhanced generational

2025, Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research

Centuries have passed but agriculture retained its place at top. The modern life style changed the system of living and the modernization brought changes in civilization. In the modern days the everything is seen with different angle and linked with fashion. The agriculture the main supplier of food and clothing to living beings has been pressurized to produce according to new demands. In the modern and stylish era man consumes his food with forks and spoons but he consumes the same thing what was consumed centuries ago. Agriculture is a only sector which is affected more of frequent price fluctuations which in turn leads to uncertainty in farmers income. Sericulture is one of the important agriculture based allied activity which can be practiced for increasing income of the agriculturists. On an average 13 persons can be provided with employment for a period of one year in one hectare of mulberry saplings. Rising of Mulberry Saplings and rearing of silk worms are the two different ...

2025

This study examines the impact of agricultural subsidies on potato production in the Syangja District of Nepal, where the current productivity is not sufficient to meet the increasing demand despite favorable policies by the government. The study analyses data from 103 potato farmers across four municipalities of Syangja, using a mixed-methods approach to assess the changes in yield, profitability, and farming practices-after the implementation of agricultural subsidies. Major findings of this study reveal substantial improvements: yield increased by 37%, gross margin increased by 85%, and the benefit-cost ratio increased by 72%, following subsidy. Agricultural subsidies also promoted the rapid adoption of modern farming techniques like the use of quality seeds, fertilizers, modern machineries, and improved farming techniques. Regardless, the study unravels critical challenges of such support, including a 15% decline in potato market price, reflecting marketing saturation, and disproportionate benefits to large-scale farmers due to unbalanced subsidy allocation. Although the result demonstrates the efficacy of agricultural subsidies in enhancing short-term productivity and farm income, it also highlights structural challenges in program design regarding equitable access to such programs and market linkages of farm produce. These findings contribute to ongoing policy discussions by providing empirical evidence that while agricultural subsidies help to intensify agriculture, their long-term sustainability requires fair distribution, enhanced extension services, and improved market infrastructures. The study provides valuable policy recommendations for policymakers to improve subsidy schemes towards sustainable agriculture development in Nepal and similar contexts.

2025, Revista Rebiol

Biological cycle and Marmara gulosa (Lep.: Gracillariidae) behavior in the culture of Punica granatum from Alto Salaverry (La Libertad, Peru).2013.

2025, Campo Digit@ l

Essa revisão objetivou abordar o uso do gossipol como um fator de resistência a insetos-praga. Este aleloquímico é um composto fenólico formado por aldeídos e terpenos, produzido por glândulas subepidérmicas de plantas do gênero Gossypium. Quando presente nas estruturas vegetativas e/ou reprodutivas do algodoeiro pode controlar um elevado número de insetos-praga provocando acréscimo no tempo de desenvolvimento, redução nos pesos larval e pupal, bem como diminuição na sobrevivência da fase adulta de insetos. A utilização do gossipol se apresenta como uma tática ecologicamente correta e economicamente viável aos cotonicultores dentro de um programa de manejo integrado de pragas, contribuindo assim, com a sustentabilidade dos agroecossistemas.

2025, Journal of entomology and zoology studies

In Sub Saharan Africa, one of high potential nutritional crop is the Bambara groundnut. Popular and neglected legume, it is available in very low amount despite of being the richest seeds in lysine and methionine. To enhance the production of this crop and raise it as a strategic crop to fight hunger, the present work investigate in smallholders farms, the typology of systems of production of Bambara groundnuts in Adamawa Region of Cameroon. After 2 agricultural campaigns, storage facilities, morphotypes cultivated, storing method and protective tools to secure stored seeds were censed. Two bruchids (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Bridwell) and Callobruchus maculatus (Fabricius), are major pests present on 10 of the 14 morphotypes of Bambara groundnuts sampled. To alleviate their damages, hazardous pesticides are currently used by producers, the possibility for developing some alternatives from local tools is discussed.

2025

Une des contraintes biotiques majeures de la riziculture de bas-fond au nord du Togo est l’adventice parasite Rhamphicarpa fistulosa (Hochst.) Benth. Afin d’evaluer les options strategiques pour controler efficacement R. fistulosa, notre etude a ete conduite avec comme principaux objectifs : 1) l’identification de la repartition de R. fistulosa et l’etude des facteurs qui favorisent son infestation, 2) l’etude de l’impact des niveaux d’infestation sur la flore adventice du riz, et 3) la caracterisation des interactions hote-parasite et de leurs impacts sur le developpement de l’hote et les performances reproductives du parasite. A l’issu des prospections de terrain, les plus fortes infestations ont ete retrouvees sur des sols majoritairement a texture sableuse et tres pauvres en matiere organique. Une flore adventice tres diversifiee a ete retrouvee en presence de R. fistulosa, certaines adventices pouvant etre parasitees et constituer eventuellement un reservoir pour accroitre le s...

2025

УДК 595.762.47 О. Р. Александрович ЖУКИ ЖУЖЕЛИЦЫ (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE) ФАУНЫ БЕЛОРУССИИ Государственный педагогический институт им. А. М. Горького, г. Минск Жуки жужелицыодна из наиболее активно изучаемых групп животных. Внимание исследователей жужелицы придают благодаря своему видовому разнообразию, многочисленности, практическому и в значительной мере эстетическому значению. В Белоруссии изучение жужелиц ведется вот уже около 90 лет, но максимум публикаций приходится на последние 15 лет. Однако до сих пор нет полного списка видового состава, нет сводки по их распространению на территории республики. В настоящей работе обобщены материалы автора и проведен анализ указаний видов в литературе с уточнениями определений по коллекциям, где это представлялось возможным. Обычно первой работой по колеоптерофауне республики считают сообщение А. И. Улановского (Ulanowski, 188З). Однако Б. Бураковский с соавт. (Burakowski et al., 1974) установили, что материалы А. И. Улановского собраны на Западе Украины и в Польше и, таким образом, указания для Белоруссии недействительны. Н. М. Арнольд (1860, 1902) в своих работах приводит 121 вид жужелиц для Могилевской губернии. Коллекция Н. М. Арнольда хранится в ЗИН АН СССР (Ленинград), и в ней нами обнаружено 5 ошибочно определенных видов (в квадратных скобках): [Bembidion ustulatum L.] =В. bruxellense Westm.; [Harpalus griseus Pz.] =Pseudoophonus rufipes (Deg.); [Chlaenius tibialis Dej.] = Ch. nitidulus (Schrank); [Dromius glabratus Pk.] == Tachyta nana (Gyll.); [Cymindis scapularis Schaum.]=C. macularis F. -W. Г. Г. Якобсон (1905) указывает 21 новый для региона вид, основываясь на материалах Н. М. Арнольда и А. А. Бирули. Сомнительные виды из сообщения А. И. Улановского (Ulanowski, 1883) нами не учитывались. И. Я. Роубал (1910) приводит 4 вида для Беловежской пущи. Еще 2 вида для запада Полесья и Беловежской пущи указывает Ш. Тененбаум (Tenenbaum, 1931). В работе Н. Копылувны (Kopyłówna, 1935) сообщается о находке 11 видов в окр. пос. Дисна. При изучении колеоптерофауны Белорусского Поозерья А. И. Радкевичем (1936, 1970) обнаружено 47 новых для региона видов. К сожалению, коллекция не сохранилась, поэтому указания всех редких видов нуждаются в подтверждении. А. Ф. Кипенварлиц (1953, 1961) при изучении почвенной фауны Минской и Гомельской областей обнаружила 8 новых для республики видов. Нахождение Agonum viridicupreum (Gz.), Anisodactylus pseudoaeneus Dej., Harpalus neglectus Serv. сомнительно. Коллекция сохранилась лишь частично, и указанных видов в ней нет. При исследовании населения гнезд грызунов на мелиорированных землях Белорусского Полесья И. В. Чикилевская (1965) обнаружила 5 новых видов, из них Bembidion minimum (F.) достоверно не подтвержден. Специальные исследования жужелиц агроценозов Горецкого района, предпринятые Н. А. Дубровской (1970), позволили выявить 5 новых видов (еще один, Harpalus fuliginosus Dej., одновременно отмечен А. И. Радкевичем (1970)). Находки Asaphidion caraboides (Schrank), Amara fusca Dej., Ophonus melleti Heer весьма сомнительны, a Pterostichus cursor Dej. -вида, обитающего в Западном Средиземноморье, -невероятны. По устному сообщению О. Л. Крыжановского, на определения которого ссылается Н. А. Дубровская, данные виды им не идентифицировались. Поэтому мы включили в список A. caraboides, A. fusca, O. melleti, которые, хоть и с малой вероятностью, но могут быть обнаружены на территории республики; Р. cursor при составлении списка не учтен. В Негорельском ботаническом саду Г. Ф. Ярмашевич (1975) обнаружила 3 вида, новых для республики. Нами установлено, что Agonum lugens (Duft.) ошибочно определен, а два других в коллекции отсутствуют.

2025

Author gives the first record of steppen bush-cricket species Phaneroptera falcata in Middle Pomerania (Słupsk vicinity), and summarize data about its range in the East Europe.

2025

Ijhreh e_l kh \j_f_gb ij_^klZ\e_gby d aZsbl_ fh_c ^hdlhjkdhc ^bkk_jlZpbb ]h^ AZ wlh \j_fy \ureb fgh]hqbke_ggu_ im[ebdZpbb fhbo ZkibjZglh\ dZg^b^Zlh\ [bheh]bq_kdbo gZmd < : Pbgd_\bqZ B : Kheh^h\gbdh\Z = G Lbohgqmd = = Kmrdh G = =Zebgh\kdh]h ijh^he`b\rbo bamq_gb_ nZmgu b wdheh]bb `m`_ebp gZ l_jjblhjbb ;_eZjmkb b Ihevrb ;ueb him[ebdh\Zgu dZlZeh]b beb nZmgbklbq_kdb_ kibkdb `_kldhdjueuo EZl\bb Ebl\u `m`_ebp Jhkkbb b ijbe_`Zsbo kljZg Ihe_kvy MdjZbgu Dbjbq_gdh DZebgbg]jZ^kdhc h[eZklb Mlhqg_g \b^h\hc khklZ\ `m`_ebp k_\_jh \hklhqghc Ihevrb < j_amevlZl_ [ueh h[gZjm`_gh lhevdh \b^Z jZg__ g_ ba\_klguo k aZiZ^Z e_kghc ahgu Jmkkdhc jZ\gbgu Wlh ba\_klguc ba hdj_klghkl_c =jh^gh Pbgd_\bq :e_dkZg^jh\bq Ebl\u b k_\_jh \hklhqghc Ihevrb KbgZgljhiguc \b^ [ue h[gZjm`_g \ EZl\bb gZ k_\_jh \hklhd_ Ihevrb b \ Ebl\_ < i_j\hf lhf_ dZlZeh]Z `mdh\ IZe_Zjdlbdb ihk\ys_gguo ih^hljy^m ih^\_^_gu blh]b bkke_^h\Zgbc nZmgu \ `m`_ebp \ ?\jhi_ K_\_jghc ?\jZabb b K_\_jghc :njbd_ \ \_d_ >ey ;_eZjmkb \ DZlZeh]_ mdZaZgh \b^h\ ba jh^h\ Ba gbo \b^Z mdZaZgu hrb[hqgh Ijhims_gu \ h[uqguo ;_eZjmkb \b^h\ LZdbf h[jZahf hdheh \b^h\ `m`_ebp 34. N. (Paranebria) livida (Linnaeus,1758). Трансевразиатский температный гигрофильный вид. Известен на всей территории, обитает на песчаных берегах рек, ручьев, мелиоративных каналов, реже озер и водохранилищ; редок и спорадичен, местами обычен. Активен ночью, летит на свет в июле. Зимует имаго. V-VIII. 35. N. (Helobia) brevicollis (Fabricius,1792). Западноевропейскокавказский мезофильный вид. По Беларуси проходит северовосточная граница ареала. В пределах региона достоверно известен из бассейнов Немана и Вислы [564,565,638,22, 25], Мозырского Полесья [383], Волыни и Подолии [469]. Указания А.И. Радкевича [314,315] для окр. Витебска и Городка не подтверждены коллекционными материалами. Встречается в дубравах и смешанных лесах, в городах и на лугах, обычен. VII-X. Род Leistus Frölich,1799 36. L. (s.str.) ferrugineus (Linnaeus, 1758). Евро-кавказский мезофильный вид. Встречается на всей территории в подстилке лиственных и смешанных лесов; нередок. Зимует имаго. V-X. 37. L. (s.str.) terminatus (Hellwig,1770) =rufescens (Fabricius,1775). Евро-сибиро-центральноазиатский гигрофильный вид. Распространен на всей территории, обитает в светлых лесах, на опушках, перелесках, лесополосах, пустошах, болотах; обычен. Зимует имаго. VI-X. 38. L. (Pogonophorus) rufomarginatus Duftschmid,1812. Западноевропейско-кавказский мезофильный вид. Известен только из окр. Калининграда и Мазурского Поозерья [564, 565]. В лиственных лесах; редок. V-VII. 39. L. (Leistidius) piceus Frölich, 1799. Западноевропейский мезофильный вид. Распространен в горах Европы. На равнине встречается только на северо-востоке ареала: в Калининградской области [564, 565], Эстонии [547], Латвии [665], Беловежской пуще [183], в Псковской и на западе Ленинградской области (устное сообщение О.Л. Крыжановского). Обитает в лесах разных типов; редок. Зимует имаго. V-VIII. лугах, предпочитает суглинистые почвы; редок. V-IX, максимум в VIII. 76. A. austriacum Schweig,1975. Западноевропейско-кавказский гигрофильный вид. Единственное указание И.А. Солодовникова [358] для окр. Витебска требует подтверждения новыми находками. Род Bembidion Latreille, 1802 77. B. (Actedium) pallidipenne (Illiger,1801). Европриатлантический гигрофильный вид. Балтийское побережье [565, 638, 665] к югу от Эстонии. Встречается на песке у воды; редок. 78. B. (Asioperyphus) lunatum (Diftscmid, 1812). Евро-кавказский гигрофильный вид. Распространен на всей территории, встречается на глинистых берегах с редкой растительностью, спорадичен и редок. V-VIII. 79. B. (s.str.) humerale Sturm, 1825. Евро-байкальский мезогигрофильный вид. Распространен на всей территории к северу от Полесья, обитает на торфяных болотах; очень редок. VI. 80. B. (s.str.) quadrimaculatum (Linnaeus, 1761). Циркумтемператный мезофильный вид. Повсеместен и част в открытых биотопах. На полях массовый вид. Зимует имаго. IV-IX, максимум в V, VI. Лет днем, в конце Vначале VI. 81. B. (s.str) quadripustulatum Audinet-Serville,1821. Средиземноморско-казахстанский мезогигрофильный вид. Указание для Литвы [638] сомнительно. Известен из окр. Киева [469,274]. B. (Bembidionetolitzkya) varicolor (Fabricius,1803). Европейский горный вид. Известен на равнине из окр. Киева по указанию Г.Г. Якобсона [469]. Подтверждений за последних 90 лет не было. 82. B. (Bracteon) argenteolum Ahrens,1812. Евро-сибироцентральноазиатский мезогигрофильный вид. Распространен на всей территории; локален и местами обычен; обитает по берегам рек на мелком чистом сыром песке. V-VII. 83. B. (Bracteon) litorale (Olivier,1790). Циркумтемператный мезогигрофильный вид. Обычен на всей территории, обитает на песчаных берегах рек, озер, мелиоративных каналов. V-VIII. Таблица 4.26 Видовой состав жужелиц в лесных биогеоценозах Беларуси Виды, встреченные только в одном из типов леса Беларуси Виды, обитающие во всех типах лесов Сосняки Дубравы Ольсы Березняки 1 2 3 4 5