Assessment Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA

This study aims to produce an instrument for assessing high-order thinking skills about cell division material for students in class XII that are logically valid and empirically, practical and reliable. This study uses a 4D models development model consisting of the stages of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The dissemination stage was not carried out due to time and cost limitations. The subjects of this study were three validators consisting of two lecturers at the Department of Biology, Padang State University, and one teacher at Senior High School 2 Painan. Practicality was carried out by two biology teachers and 34 students of class XII of Senior High School 2 Painan. The data collection instruments were validation sheets and practicality tests. Data were analyzed using ANATES 4.09 application. The instrument for assessing high-order thinking skills about cell division material for class XII students who get an average logical validity value of 89.02% with va...

2025, Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research

The fourteen chapters by the faculty at Bristol explore the often slippery notion of "intuition" and its impact in professional practice, which is generally (and there are exceptions) defined as a cognitive psychological strategy rather than a relational and cultural exchange. The last chapter is a critical summary by ERAUT who assesses the book as an outsider to Bristol. The book reads like a final report of discussions and research by the authors within a university context rather than a cohesive theoretical summary by a sole author. The result is inspiring as a review of overlapping ideas that inform the reader of the relevance of intuition in educational and professional settings within the context of educational reforms during the last decade in several countries. It will not be compelling reading for professionals attempting to learn a set of activities that would aid them in learning how to incorporate "intuitive practices" or for researchers searching for ways of clearly formalizing intuition as a well-defined theoretical construct that can be analyzed in various cultural contexts and/or institutional situations.

2025, Scientific Research and Essays

Concern has been expressed about the motivational impact of neuro-anatomy award/prize in determining the overall student performance in the final professional anatomy examinations by comparing it with the result outcome of a high stake examination like neuro-anatomy incourse examination using the concept of convergent validity. A total of 57 third year medical students with the records of their grades/scores (Mean ± SD) in the various assessments criteria, were analyzed. In this study, the neuro-incourse examination was consistently a high predictor (r = 0.80; P<0.01) of student performance compared to other incourse examinations (1st incourse, r = 0.60; P<0.01 and 2nd incourse, r = 0.30; P < 0.01 respectively). However, the neuro-incourse examination tests students’ performance in a relatively difficult module and was found to be consistently correlated and highest when compared with the overall professional examination as a result of student motivation. Key words: Motiv...

2025

Theories of embodied cognition state that knowledge is built by means of cross-domain mapping processes between different domains of experience. Recent research informs about the presence of mapping processes in the reception of both tonal and atonal music. A previous experiment suggested the occurrence of mappings between visual attributes and interpretative features in atonal music. However, these results were obtained with musicians; therefore, it is unknown to what extent they are equally valid to non-musicians. This study aims at examining the incidence of interpretative expression within the visual-musical mapping process. Three versions (two expressive and one deadpan) of an atonal musical piece were presented to musicians and non musicians. The two expressive versions, varied in the span of silence between groups. Simultaneously, different visual animated images that represented the image-schema Source-Path-Goal were exhibited. Subjects were required to estimate the correspo...

2025

Syftet med denna studie är att vinna kunskap om samverkan mellan förskola och hem ur ett föräldraperspektiv. För det första undersöks vad förskolan ger föräldrarna för möjlighet till samverkan, genom att analysera dokument. För det andra undersöks genom intervjuer hur föräldrar uppfattar sin möjlighet till samverkan genom olika samverkanskanaler t ex föräldramöte och månadsbrev. Resultatet visar att förskolans dokument i allmänhet inbjuder föräldrarna till samverkan, främst rörande det enskilda barnet. Föräldrarnas uppfattningar uppvisar sinsemellan stora variationer, liksom mellan de olika samverkanskanalerna. De mönster som kunde urskiljas var bemötandets betydelse och vikten av vardagsinformation. Föräldrarna uppfattade generellt de samverkanskanaler som innebär ett personligt möte som inbjudande till samverkan i högre grad än de skriftliga samverkanskanalerna.

2025

2025, Patient preference and adherence

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is a treatment capable of modifying the natural course of allergy, so ensuring good adherence to SIT is fundamental. Up until now there has not existed an instrument specifically developed to measure patient satisfaction with SIT, although its assessment could help us to comprehend better and improve treatment adherence and effectiveness. The aim of this study was to develop an instrument to measure adult patient satisfaction with SIT.

2025

The study aimed at discovering the level of cognitive distortions among Yarmouk University students who were selected randomly from faculties of humanities and science. The sample of the study consisted of 1552 students. The researchers used Roberts (2015) cognitive distortions scale after verifying its psychometric features. The results of the study showed that the level of cognitive distortion was moderate among the students on the overall and subscale of the study. The findings indicated that there were statistically significant differences attributed to gender, in favor of males, and the accumulative average, in favor of the pass level. In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences attributed to the faculty and academic year

2025

The purpose of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the MSLQ for junior high school students. The MSLQ for junior high students is a 44 item self-reported instrument consisting of three motivational beliefs subscales, one Cognitive Strategy subscale and one Self-regulation subscale. A total of 780 students from eight secondary schools in Singapore completed the MSLQ. In the first sample, there were 393 students who completed the junior high school version of the MSLQ. A second sample of 387 students completed the modified MSLQ. This study showed that the original junior high school version of the MSLQ measurement model needed to be revised. The modified MSLQ measurement model was confirmed via CFA with a second sample with two other competing models. Convergent and discriminant validity was supported. Multigroup analysis demonstrated invariance of the factor forms, factor loadings, factor variances and covariances, and error variances across gender. In sum...

2025, Educational Research Journal

22 Wang, Neill, Liu, Tan, Koh, and Ee examined the invariance of the measurement tool across gender. A total of 1,264 secondary school students were recruited from nine typical government funded co-educational secondary schools in Singapore. All the subscales had adequate internal consistency but two subscales lacked convergent validity. Five competing models were compared using confirmatory factor analyses. The results provide evidence of a seven first-order measurement model of the LEQ-H. Multigroup analysis demonstrated ...

2025

Survivors of intimate partner violence often suffer from a number of serious aftereffects, but current prevalent treatments lack effectiveness for this population. Along with typical trauma symptoms such as avoidance and constriction, other common challenges unique to survivors include a loss of sense of self, negative self-appraisal, and a lack of selfefficacy. Therapeutic Assessment is well-suited to this population due to its potential for helping clients to replace distorted beliefs about the self with more adaptive ones, engaging clients as equals, and helping clients to form cohesive life narratives. The proposed study will measure the effectiveness of this approach with three to five subjects using a time-series design. Subjects will provide daily ratings of their personal experiences evaluating five areas of concern, three to be shared across subjects and two tailored to the priorities of each specific participant. The resulting indices will be tested using Simulation Modeling Analysis (SMA), controlling for autocorrelation using the Lag 1 correlation, to see whether statistically significant changes occur in the desired directions.

2025

This study investigates the resolution of urban carbon sequestration challenges in Newcastle upon Tyne's city centre using ecologically appropriate vegetation. Grounded in secondary data from peer-reviewed environmental, botanical, and public health literature, the paper identifies high-performing plant species suitable for the city's temperate maritime climate. The paper also evaluates the urban morphology of Newcastle's city centre, proposes spatial strategies for greening interventions, and demonstrates the co-benefits of carbon sequestration for public health, including improved air quality and reduced disease incidence. Recommendations include incorporating tree-based sequestration into planning legislation, prioritising species resilience, and aligning public health and environmental sustainability strategies. The research concludes that even densely built urban centres can play a transformative role in national net-zero ambitions through smart botanical integration.

2025

Krueger Severa M. (Writer) (Last Name) (First) (Initial) Leadership Attitudes and Practices of Resident Advisors and Hall (Title)

2025

This paper is part of an extended study to assess the needs of women for public toilets (PT) and sanitation facilities in the city of Warangal, Telangana, India. A quantitative dip-stick study with a sample size of 197 women followed by 21 in-depth interviews was undertaken among a cross-section of women from various walks of life, different ages and qualifications. From the content analysis of the interviews and network analysis of the most commonly co-occurring words, the broad themes that emerged as sanitation needs of women in public spaces were related to high demand for exclusive toilets for women with specific facilities and caretakers who collect money and keep the toilets clean, with particular need for women caretakers to add to the feeling of security. A strong need greater number of well-maintained sanitation facilities in places such as bus stops and railway stations and access to the toilets from main roads rather from interior roads were other aspects that emerged.

2025

This study investigated understanding of diffusion, osmosis and particle theory of matter concepts among pre-service science teachers in Saudi Arabia using a 17-item two-tier multiple choice diagnostic test that was adapted from two previously developed instruments in the research literature. The participants were 192 pre-Chemistry versus Biology Balance .

2025, Infant Behavior and Development

Changes resulting from the publishing process, namely editing, corrections, final formatting for printed or online publication, and other modifications resulting from quality control procedures, may have been subsequently added.

2025

Evaluación de Programa de País (EPP) cubre el período 2007-2011. Durante los cuatro primeros años se trabajó con actualizaciones del documento de estrategia para el período [2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006]. La Administración, a finales de 2010, aprobó un nuevo documento de estrategia del Banco para el país (EBP) que cubrió los últimos trece meses del período incluido bajo análisis. Para evaluar el programa, esta EPP usa los criterios estándar de relevancia, eficiencia y efectividad. Se analiza, en particular, la relevancia del programa del Banco en relación con los desafíos estructurales de desarrollo de México, los desafíos específicos del período y, además, tres aspectos del posicionamiento que el Banco ha venido desarrollando durante el período para aumentar su relevancia en México: el trabajo con el sector privado y el realizado con los gobiernos sub nacionales (GSNs), y el uso estratégico de la asistencia técnica. El nivel de negocios del Banco con el país durante el período bajo evaluación ha sido superior al del período anterior, y se ha invertido la tendencia a la baja observada durante finales del período anterior e inicios del presente. Asimismo, el Banco ha revitalizado su rol de interlocutor en el diálogo de política social, demostrado que, si se resuelven los obstáculos jurídicos existentes, puede ampliar su, hasta ahora, limitado pero importante papel en el fortalecimiento de los gobiernos sub nacionales. Si bien el Banco ha venido perdiendo relevancia en términos relativos, sigue aportando beneficios financieros, técnicos y operativos a México. El Programa ha sido relevante con los desafíos estructurales y con uno de los tres desafíos del período (i.e, la crisis financiera), y parcialmente con los dos restantes (i.e., la gripe A/H1N1 y el incremento de la violencia). En cuanto a los tres aspectos citados en relación con el posicionamiento del Banco, la EPP considera que: (i) el trabajo del Banco en el sector privado, si bien casi ha cuadriplicado su volumen de negocios con respecto al período anterior y ha tenido un marcado valor contra cíclico, no es posible identificar claramente los criterios usados para racionalizar o priorizar el trabajo en el sector, o seleccionar las distintas ventanillas vis à vis la ventaja comparativa del Banco, las condiciones de mercado del país y los documentos de estrategia aplicables; (ii) el Banco y el Gobierno de México (GDM) a pesar de los importantes esfuerzos realizados durante el período para resolver las limitaciones legales existentes que le impiden trabajar directamente con los Gobiernos Sub Nacionales (GSNs), aún no han encontrado un mecanismo eficaz y eficiente para apoyarlos, como muestra el hecho de que sólo se hayan aprobado dos operaciones por US$$660 millones en cinco años; y que (iii) en relación con el uso de la asistencia técnica, si bien ésta ha sido bien recibida y ha coadyuvado a que el Banco revitalice su rol de interlocutor en el diálogo de política social, existe un amplio margen de maniobra para mejorar su focalización estratégica. Cabe resaltar que ha habido un nivel histórico de aprobaciones y que la eficiencia de la cartera, en términos de tiempos y costos de preparación y ejecución, ha mejorado con respecto al período anterior y de otros países. La evaluabilidad del Programa ha mejorado en general a lo largo del período, pero la evaluabilidad de las operaciones del sector privado y de la asistencia técnica es baja. La Oficina de Evaluación y Supervisión (OVE) recomienda al Banco considerar algunas opciones específicas para mejorar la coherencia estratégica del programa, mejorar el trabajo del Banco en el sector privado, reducir los costos de transacción para mantener su competitividad, asi como para poder interactuar con mayor alcance con los GSNs y meJorar el enfoque estrategico de la asistencia técnica.

2025

Como parte de su plan anual de trabajo 2015, la Oficina de Evaluacion y Supervision (OVE) preparo la Evaluacion del Programa de Pais (CPE) del Banco con Uruguay durante el periodo 2010-2015. Este CPE es la tercera oportunidad en que OVE evalua el programa del Banco con Uruguay. Las anteriores evaluaciones cubrieron los periodos 1991-2004 (RE-312) y 2005-2009 (RE-389). La evaluacion esta organizada en cuatro capitulos mas anexos. El capitulo I analiza el contexto general del pais. El capitulo II analiza, desde una perspectiva general, el programa del Banco durante 2010-2015, en particular, la relevancia de la Estrategia de Pais y un analisis del programa efectivamente implementado. El capitulo III analiza, desde una perspectiva sectorial, la implementacion, efectividad y sostenibilidad de las operaciones y el grado de avance hacia los objetivos estrategicos planteados por el Banco. El capitulo IV presenta las conclusiones y recomendaciones. El analisis de documentacion y datos fue co...

2025, Wash. UJ Urb. & Contemp. L.

208 JOURNAL OF URBAN AND CONTEMPORARY LAW [Vol. 42:207 students in clinical programs. While the insights which inform these choices arise out of the CUNY experience,1 they are relevant to law teachers from other schools who are... more

2025

Two studies were carried out in order to investigat e the process of choice of textbooks in Brazilian public schools. One of these studies focu sed on teachers who teach science in primary school (06-10 years old), while the other one focus ed on teachers who are effectively teaching general science to young students in junior high sc hool (11-15 years old). These studies aimed at understanding the relevant variables in the teacher s ́ choice of science textbooks. Brazilian Federal Government provides textbooks for all publi c schools, subsequently to an assessment process of the books produced by commercial publish ers within the National Textbook Program (PNLD). In the process, the teachers have to choose a set of books for four different grades, and are expected to decide together which book set will be used by all of them, for all the students in the same school. We asked what the rationale for th ei choices was, and we received different responses from teachers, sometimes worki...

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

2025, Geschichtsdidaktisch forschen. Theorie und Empirie im Dialog

Contrary to the prevailing view of the supremacy of theory, the paper argues for a cyclic connection of theory and empiricism in the process of knowledge creation in the field of history didactics. We justify this view against the background of the activity theory of the cultural-historical school and show how we use our concept of narrative competence, existing approaches to historical thinking and learning, and empirical analyses from our research project “Research of Learning Processes in History” to substantiate historical thinking and learning in such a way that its understandings contribute to social orientation in relevant fields (e.g., research, history teaching). Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of our approach and draw implications for the relationship between theoretical and empirical (as well as normative and pragmatic) knowledge production.

2025, Journal of writing assessment

This study examined automated essay scoring for experimental tests of writing from sources. These tests (part of the CBAL research initiative at ETS) embed writing tasks within a scenario in which students read and respond to sources. Two large-scale pilots are reported: One was administered in 2009, in which four writing assessments were piloted, and one was administered in 2011, in which two writing assessments and two reading assessments were administered. Two different rubrics were applied by human raters to each prompt: a general rubric intended to measure only those skills for which automated essay scoring provides relatively direct measurement, and a genre-specific rubric focusing on specific skills such as argumentation and literary analysis. An automated scoring engine (e-rater��®) was trained on part of the 2009 dataset, and cross-validated against the remaining 2009 dataset and all the 2011 data. The results indicated that automated scoring can achieve operationally acceptable levels of accuracy in this context. However, differentiation between the general rubric and the genre-specific rubric reinforces the need to achieve full construct coverage by supplementing automated scoring with additional sources of evidence.

2025, Communications of the Association for Information Systems

Academia places significant weight on grades as a metric to assess how much students have learned . As a form of assessment, however, grades alone do not provide room for feedback and further student development. This paper offers a new direction to information systems (IS) programs to improve student motivation and better assess student learning-motivational tiered assessment (MTA)-that we propose overcomes these concerns. A tiered approach to learning allows students to choose how much effort and commitment they want to apply and assesses students' competence based on the performance outcome they choose to achieve by meeting a specific set of pre-determined specifications and expectations. We first explain how MTA works. We then delineate how the new system differs from the points-based grading system, which academia commonly uses. We conclude by presenting three class examples that illustrate how one can apply MTA across an IS curriculum.

2025

We investigated whether teachers’ use of the Small-Group Scaffolding model (SGS model), when supporting heterogeneous student-groups in a collaborative setting in math lessons, raised students’ mathematical level more than teacher support without use of the model. Participants were eight teachers and 266 students of two schools working collaboratively in 73 small heterogeneous student-groups on the topic of Early Algebra. The five teachers in the experimental condition were taught to scaffold the groups in their classes according to the SGS model (give support adapted to student-groups’ needs). The three teachers in the control condition were not given prior instruction of how to support the students. Analysis of a pre- and post-test on mathematical level raising showed that more mathematical level raising occurred in the Scaffolding condition than in the control condition. We concluded that using the SGS model can lead to more mathematical level raising.

2025

Learning paths in training mathematical teachers: goals, tasks and assessment.

2025, Evaluation and Program Planning

The establishment of the European Higher Education Area has involved specifying lists of professional competencies that programs are expected to develop, and with this the need for procedures to measure how every course within a higher education program is aligned with the program's competencies. We propose an instrument for characterizing this alignment, a process that we call assessing the relevance of a course. Using information from the course syllabus (objectives, contents and assessment scheme), our instrument produces indicators for characterizing the syllabus in terms of a competence list and for assessing its coherence. Because assessment involves quality, the results obtained can also be used to revise and improve the course syllabus. We illustrate this process with an example of a methods course from a mathematics teacher education program at a Spanish university.

2025

Un cuarto de variabilidad en desempeños escolares podría atribuirse al liderazgo directivo, no obstante, se sostiene que, si tal liderazgo es instructivo y distributivo, esto aumentaría. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios en Latinoamérica, que empíricamente exploren la relación entre distribución del liderazgo y desempeño escolar y, menos aún, la existencia de instrumentos de diagnóstico y/o medición sobre distribución del liderazgo. Fruto de un estudio mayor, se diseñaron y validaron escalas para un cuestionario multidimensional de distribución del liderazgo, considerando fiabilidad, criterios de apariencia, contenido, valoración de expertos y aplicación del análisis factorial exploratorio, sobre distribución del liderazgo, basado en concepciones predominantes de tal enfoque, en una muestra 51 escuelas primarias chilenas vulnerables, de diversas regiones, que en periodos consecutivos lograron destacarse en Sistema de Medición de la Calidad de la Educación, entre sus similares. Los resultados sobre las propiedades psicométricas que poseen las escalas del instrumento son de alta fiabilidad, medida por alfa de Cronbach. En tanto, los análisis factoriales exploratorios indican que la mayoría de los ítems se agrupan en un factor por escala. Descriptores: Liderazgo distribuido; Liderazgo escolar; Calidad de la educación; Control de calidad; Apreciación. The literature states that leadership is a Sustainable School Improvement Strategy. A quarter of the variation in school performance could be attributed to executive leadership; however, it is argued that if such leadership is distributed, this would increase. For an empirical exploration, a multidimensional questionnaire based on the conceptualizations on the distribution of leadership, applied to seven hundred teachers from a sample of fifty Chilean schools is designed. The results on the psychometric properties of the dimensions have high reliability as measured by Cronbach's alpha; and most of the items that make it are grouped according to the exploratory factor analysis, one factor. Regarding the perception on the distribution of leadership a high valuation on those that are shared observed, since learning favor; whereas the existence of strategies to prepare leaders to renew leadership positions, had low valuation

2025, Educational Research and Evaluation

The aim of the article is to highlight the role of network and mobile technologies in enhancing the particular characteristics of blended solutions with a view to (a) potentiating/enriching the teaching/learning processes, (b) exploiting the varied opportunities it offers for their observability, and hence for their monitoring and formative and summative assessment. The article will emphasise how this potential can only be captured by solidly integrating the process of instructional design with that of monitoring and assessment. The first part of the article will present a proposed conception of blended solutions, giving examples. This preamble is considered necessary because, although there is apparent general agreement on the definition of blended solutions, differences are often evident in the conception of its details and application. The second part of the article discusses a possible breakdown of blended solutions into its various components (onsite, online, individual and above all collaborative learning), so as to understand how their respective characteristics can be used to enrich/potentiate both the teaching/learning and the assessment processes. The role of network and mobile technologies in supporting and fully exploiting the special features of blended solutions will be explored using concrete examples. The third part of the article will address the question of how to combine and/or use singly the various components of blended solutions, adapting them to the specific goals of the instructional path and to the activities, which are functional to the achievement of these goals. In other words, there will be a discussion of instructional design and of the planning of the monitoring system to be used in the formative and/or summative assessment of the teaching/learning process. To conclude, implications for the implementation of blended solutions will be discussed, pointing out the need for a richer understanding of their key aspects and modalities in order to adapt them to emerging contexts and evolutionary models such as Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs), as well as to adapt them to university students' needs and current learning practices.

2025

In the context of so-called Network-Enhanced Informal Learning (NEIL), the ways in which network technologies can support and improve informal learning processes are currently under study. One of the specific topics addressed is how to integrate formal and informal learning processes and render them complementary. A possible approach is the creation of conditions for grafting the typical dynamics of informal learning (e.g. professional problem-solving) onto formal educational situations, particularly favouring those centred on social interaction within the professional communities of practices. Although it is relatively simple to recreate these dynamics, it is not so simple to understand how to measure their effects in terms of: (a) each individual group member's active and tangible contribution to the interactions and collaborative productions; (b) the learning which these dynamics produce in the community members. A connected goal in this context is in fact to understand how f...

2025

In the mid 1970’s two New Zealand territorial local authorities, Nelson City and Tasman District Council jointly set up a regional sewerage authority to provide a centralised wastewater collection, treatment and disposal scheme. The new, at the time award-winning scheme, was opened in 1982 and achieved the community’s aims of reducing point discharges to the local estuary, and improving water quality. However since then a new Nelson Regional Sewerage Business Unit (NRSBU) has been formed with a more formal governance structure and a new mandate from its two local authority owners. New initiatives have included addressing economic, environmental and cultural issues, putting in place demand and growth management strategies, and implementing a range of nutrient management and recycling, water re-use, and energy management solutions. Eight years on the NRSBU has achieved a remarkable turnaround in all aspects of its governance, management, service delivery and environmental outcomes of ...

2025, International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

To report the reliability and validity of key mental health assessments in an ongoing study of the Ohio Army National Guard (OHARNG). The 2616 OHARNG soldiers received hour‐long structured telephone surveys including the post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist (PCV‐C) and Patient Health Questionnaire – 9 (PHQ‐9). A subset (N = 500) participated in two hour clinical reappraisals, using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID). The telephone survey assessment for PTSD and for any depressive disorder were both highly specific [92% (standard error, SE 0.01), 83% (SE 0.02)] with moderate sensitivity [54% (SE 0.09), 51% (SE 0.05)]. Other psychopathologies assessed included alcohol abuse [sensitivity 40%, (SE 0.04) and specificity 80% (SE 0.02)] and alcohol dependence [sensitivity, 60% (SE 0.05) and specificity 81% (SE 0.02)].The baseline prevalence estimates from the telephone study suggest alcohol abuse and dependence may b...

2025

The study investigated the status of Government Primary Schools for girls in Tehkal Bala region of district Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study was carried through observation and open ended questionnaire method. The slogan of provincial government regarding imposing educational emergency seems failed in this region. The major finding of the study showed that condition of girls’ primary education is disappointing in the region. The number of government girls’ primary school is not according to the requirement of the locality. The situation of existing school is unsatisfactory. The study prevail that primary schools are deprived of basic facilities. Traditional attitude of teachers is still in practice at primary level even after introduction of multiple accountability body among which the prominent one is monitoring team. Problem of teacher student ratio still exist even after recruitment of new teachers due to non-availability of classrooms.

2025

Cambridge Assessment continually evaluates the quality of its assessments, and the Research Division is conducting a series of inter-related studies investigating factors that could affect the accuracy of examination marking. These factors may include markers’ teaching and marking experience and the depth of their subject knowledge. Certain personality traits may also be important. Furthermore, different types of question have been found to place different demands on markers. Our overall aim is to establish which skills and experiences are necessary for marking which question types.

2025, Assessment

A self-report measure of the emotional and behavioural reactions to intrusive thoughts was developed. The paper presents data that confirm the stability, reliability and validity of the new 7-item measure. Emotional and behavioural reactions to intrusions emerged as separate factors on the Emotional and Behavioural Reactions to Intrusions Questionnaire (EBRIQ), a finding confirmed by an independent stress study. Test-retest reliability over 30-70 days was good. Expected relationships with other constructs were significant. Stronger negative responses to intrusions were associated with lower mindfulness scores and higher ratings of experiential avoidance, thought suppression and intensity and frequency of craving. The EBRIQ will help explore differences in reactions to intrusive thoughts in clinical and non-clinical populations, and across different emotional and behavioural states. It will also be useful in assessing the effects of therapeutic approaches such as mindfulness.

2025, Addictive Behaviors

Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or... more

2025, Kuaapy Ayvu

Se estudia a la música y su relación con las taxonomías de Bloom y sus colaboradores Simpson y Krathwohl. El objetivo es asociar los niveles taxonómicos de Bloom a los aprendizajes musicales, para informar y, a la vez, motivar a los docentes de música a aplicar esta interesante herramienta, útil para diseñar instrumentos de evaluación más significativos y planificar actividades de aula, no solo relacionadas con lo cognitivo, sino también para la adquisición de capacidades intelectuales superiores, pensamiento creativo y reflexivo, de los estudiantes de las carreras de música en educación superior (ES). Es una investigación de tipo documental (artículo de revisión) con alcance exploratorio, organizada en cuatro núcleos temáticos: evaluación de los aprendizajes conceptuales, procedimentales y actitudinales en música, taxonomía de Bloom, taxonomía de Simpson y la taxonomía de Krathwohl. La búsqueda de documentos, en cada una de las bases de datos, permitió preseleccionar 40 artículos relacionados con los núcleos temáticos de la investigación. Se concluye que la asociación entre la música y los niveles taxonómicos de Bloom puede facilitar la tarea de evaluar con un paradigma holístico integral (saber, saber hacer y ser) en las carreras de ES, más allá de la mera medición de conocimientos que se centra en las competencias del músico o docente musical. Se sugiere vincular la propuesta de niveles taxonómicos a los instrumentos de evaluación pertinentes al nivel educativo, con actividades que respondan a lo cognitivo, procedimental y actitudinal.

2025, Information Systems Education Journal

Computer programming is challenging to teach and difficult for students to learn. Instructors have searched for ways to improve student learning in programming courses. In an attempt to foster hands-on learning and to increase student learning outcomes in a programming course, the authors conducted an exploratory study to examine student created screencasts and their impact on students' performance regarding specific learning outcomes in a hands-on programming course. This study was conducted over four semesters when an instructor taught two sections of the course per semester; one section generated self created student screencasts in-class and the other section did not. The subjects were undergraduate business students enrolled in an upper level applications/programming course at a university in Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education system. The experimental method was used to compare the differences in graded classroom activities, theory assessments, lab assessments, and final exam scores between the classes. Results showed that students who created screencasts while following along with the instructors step by step programming instructions as well as created screencast while independently working significantly (p<.05) performed more successful on theory assessments, lab assessments, and the final exam scores verses those students that did not.

2025, Refugee Watch. A South Asian Journal on Forced Migration

Migration constitutes a particularly challenging paradox of the globalizing age. On the one hand, migration is facilitated by a number of developments including easier international transports, increased IT technologies, and higher financial capabilities. Accordingly, individuals nowadays can travel easily, know more about the destination countries, and have (relatively) more money to pay for their movement. On the other hand, however, migration is constrained by normative, political, and legal barriers erected by receiving ...

2025

We hypothesized that exposure to Type IV trauma (involving alteration in a person’s basic relation to the environment), associated with prolonged terrorist threats, would impact posttraumatic distress and that exposure to terrorism would impact the intensity of coping. The relationships revealed by the data proved to be in line with this model. Our data suggested that the relationship of exposure and coping was not direct, but seemed to be mediated by posttraumatic distress, that demoralization at the height of an unrelenting terror campaign was unrelated to trauma exposure, and that acceptance was a distinct way of coping adopted by targeted Israelis. Acceptance showed the weakest association with posttraumatic distress and was related inversely to our index of low morale. Several telephone- and Web-based surveys conducted following the terror attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001, indicated that the prevalence of acute posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressi...

2025, Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

The Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID; has 168 dissociation items and 50 validity items. The MID assesses 14 major facets of dissociation, 23 symptoms of dissociation, and has 5 validity scales. The MID operationalizes (a) the subjective/ phenomenological domain of dissociation, and (b) 23 hypothesized symptoms of dissociative identity disorder (DID). This article describes the development of a Hebrew version of the MID (H-MID). In a sample of clinical and nonclinical research participants, the H-MID had strong internal consistency, temporal stability, and strong structural, convergent, discriminant, and construct validity. In addition, mean H-MID scores demonstrated incremental validity over the Hebrew Dissociative Experiences Scale (H-DES) by predicting an additional 17% of the variance in weighted trauma scores on the Traumatic Experiences Questionnaire (TEQ). Factor analysis of the H-MID extracted a single factor: dissociation. Both the MID and the subjective/phenomenological con-Please note that this electronic prepublication galley may contain typographical errors and may be missing artwork, such as charts, photographs, etc. Pagination in this version will differ from the published version. Please note that this electronic prepublication galley may contain typographical errors and may be missing artwork, such as charts, photographs, etc. Pagination in this version will differ from the published version.

2025

El Test dAtenció Selectiva i Sostinguda (TASS) en les seves formes A i B, és un test de cancel•lació de paper i llapis dissenyat per mesurar atenció visual en població infanto-juvenil. Per la seva major senzillesa, menor cost, i aplicabilitat a l'aula (important per la seva validesa ecològica), les proves de paper i llapis semblen ser més adients com a eines de cribratge que els CPT. Lobjectiu daquest estudi és analitzar el perfil de les variables fonamentals TASS i la seva capacitat per discriminar entre funcionament atencional normal i disfuncional.

2025

The aim of the study was to examine the influence of attachment to one's place of residence and the perception of risk controllability on protective behavior among populations living in flood-prone areas of Abidjan. To this end, a questionnaire was administered to 200 heads of households aged between 40 and 75 in the Gonzacqueville district, comprising 147 tenants and 53 homeowners. The results, obtained using SPSS 20.0 software, show that attachment to one's place of residence determines protective behaviour among people living in flood-prone areas of Abidjan. When residents of the Gonzacqueville neighborhood have low attachment to their place of residence and do not control flood risks, they mobilize more problem-centered strategies compared to their peers who have high attachment, control flood risks, and use emotion-centered coping strategies. These results could be exploited by local government officials in their implementation of protective measures for populations at risk of flooding.

2025

Pragmatic competence refers to the capacity to use a language effectively in order to fulfill a certain goal and to understand language in context. When people are unable to understand what is meant by what is said, the result is communication will breakdown, and so called pragmatic failure. Some factors cause pragmatic failure; firstly, failure to express or interpret speaker-meaning in which communication breaks down if either level of meanings (sense and reference) or (force or value) is not successfully produced or interpreted. Secondly, failure to observe cultural values in which social conditions on language in use are different and utterer or the interpreter fails to observe the cultural values. Thirdly, culture-specific pragmatic features; mental sets: a frame of mind involving an existing disposition to think of a problem or a situation in a particular way. The implications of pragmalinguistic failure to teaching second and foreign language teaching are that first, learners...

2025

Kowalski, do tablicy!". To zdanie wielu uczniom spędza sen z powiek. Dorośli także niejednokrotnie wspominają szkołę przez pryzmat szkolnego oceniania i emocji, jakie wzbudzało. Pamiętamy nauczycieli, którzy sprawiedliwie/niesprawiedliwie oceniali, pamiętamy siebie jako piątkowych czy dostatecznych uczniów... Sprawdziany, kartkówki, wypracowania, testy, świadectwa, średnie ocen, rankingi, ewaluacja... Szkoła często wręcz utożsamiana jest z ocenami i z ocenianiem -są to nieodłączne elementy szkolnej rzeczywistości. W tekście na podstawie wyników badań własnych stawiam pytanie: jak przebiega proces oceniania w szkołach? Empiryczna odpowiedź staje się pretekstem do stawiania następnych pytań. Przyjmuję bowiem, że analiza fenomenu oceniania szkolnego pozwala na wnioskowanie nie tylko odnośnie do tego procesu, ale także innych zjawisk szkolnych czy -szerzej rzecz ujmując-kultury szkoły i dominującej w niej ideologii. Ocenienie szkolne to szczególny rodzaj komunikacji między uczniem

2025

The subject of this article is the 'conduct marking' in Junior secondary school. I present the study results, that can be a source of information on school and can contribute to the debate about condition of Polish education. The results are the following: the educational ideal at school is the conformist attitude, students whose conduct is assessed are not motivated to act or work on improving themselves. Schools don't support student's development by preparing for autonomous learning, critical attitude, self-assessment, introspection, initiative, involvement and self-development.

2025, Research in Learning Technology

This paper explores the potential of technology to enhance the assessment and feedback process for both staff and students. The 'Making Connections' project aimed to better understand the connections that students make between the feedback that they receive and future assignments, and explored whether technology can help them in this activity. The project interviewed 10 tutors and 20 students, using a semi-structured approach. Data were analysed using a thematic approach, and the findings have identified a number of areas in which improvements could be made to the assessment and feedback process through the use of technology. The findings of the study cover each stage of the assessment process from the perspective of both staff and students. The findings are discussed in the context of current literature, and special attention is given to projects from the UK higher education sector intended to address the same issues.

2025, International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research

This study sought to examine the school counsellors" knowledge of depression among senior high school students in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis. The study was a descriptive survey that adopted the positivist paradigm. The population for the study was 80 trained school counsellors in the metropolis. Census sampling technique was used in selecting the 80 trained school counsellors. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages were used to analyse the data. The study revealed that school counsellors have insufficient knowledge with regard to identification, assessment and intervention as well as referring students who are possibly experiencing depressive symptoms to the appropriate professionals. Based on the findings, it is therefore recommended that school counsellors" training programmes in the universities and other training institutions should include comprehensive training of counsellors on mental health disorders and use of therapeutic testing and assessment inventories during their training to provide counsellors with the requisites knowledge with regard to the identification, assessment and intervention of mental health school related disorders.