Bats (Mammalogy) Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Ramos Galdámez, J. & M. Salazar Saavedra, (2025). Rana Cristal Nicaragua (1)

Página 2 La Revista Nicaragüense de Biodiversidad (ISSN 2413-337X) es una publicación que pretende apoyar a la divulgación de los trabajos realizados en Nicaragua en este tema. Todos los artículos que en ella se publican son sometidos a un sistema de doble arbitraje por especialistas en el tema. The Revista Nicaragüense de Biodiversidad (ISSN 2413-337X) is a journal created to help a better divulgation of the research in this field in Nicaragua. Two independent specialists referee all published papers.

2025, Biota Neotropica

Rio Grande do Norte is one of the smallest states in Brazil but has a rich diversity of ecosystems, including Caatinga vegetation, remnants of Atlantic Forest, coastal habitats, mangroves and large karstic areas with caves. However, its chiropteran fauna is little known, and the state contains conspicuous gaps of information on the occurrence and distribution of bats in Brazil. In order to reduce this information gap, based on a review of scientific literature and regional mammal collections, we list 42 species of bats, including new occurrences for 13 species and discussion on their conservation status. Results show that more than half (54%) of the recorded species are phyllostomid bats, and about one third of the bats in the state roosts in underground cavities. The Caatinga harbored the highest bat richness in the state, including the occurrence of four vulnerable species (Furipterus horrens, Lonchorhina aurita, Natalus macrourus and Xeronycteris vieirai). The Atlantic Forest nee...

2025, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Mammalian mating systems, which form the cornerstone of social systems, are shaped by diverse ecological and sociobiological factors, and they influence behavior and reproductive success. Among mammals, bats exhibit a remarkable diversity of mating systems, making them ideal for studying their complexity; yet, interspecific variations of bat mating systems remain largely unknown. To address this, we surveyed six roosts of the greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis) over 2 years, uncovering novel aspects of their mating system. Our findings suggest a lek mating system, where males aggregate and are visited by receptive females. Mating involves multiple copulations and distinct body postures, with the female remaining with the male for several hours. Male roost occupancy peaked in August, reflecting a phenological cycle. Males demonstrated pronounced territoriality and site fidelity, defending display spots with vocalizations and physical confrontations, underscoring their important role in securing mating success. Complex vocalizations appeared crucial for deterring rivals and attracting females, suggesting vocal signals govern mate choice by females. Additionally, a yellow facial secretion observed in males may function as an olfactory signal during mate selection. This study provides valuable insights into the mating system of M. myotis, with implications for understanding the species' behavioral ecology and contributing to conservation strategies.

2025, Iconography of Bats in Classic Maya Art

This report provides a systematic analysis of bat iconography in Classic Maya art, highlighting their close association with death, the underworld, and supernatural entities through depictions in ceramics, sculpture, hieroglyphs, and codices. Despite the frequent appearance of bats in Maya visual culture, the subject has been minimally addressed in academic literature. This research fills that gap by offering a well-documented visual corpus and interpretive commentary. Zoological insights are integrated to suggest possible species represented, and the study is enhanced by high-quality photographic and digital materials from the FLAAR Photo Archive, now housed at Dumbarton Oaks, facilitating further access to the ritual and cosmological symbolism of Maya art.

2025

This report is built upon the contributions of many people for whom we are eternally grateful. Most important among these are landowners (too numerous to mention) who allowed us access to their caves or permission to cross their land.... more

2025

NCKRI SYMPOSIUM 3 117 monitoring are possible, a framework for deciding how to prioritize inventory and monitoring activities, and references to specific protocols that are already in place at NPS cave parks.

2025

We report on preliminary findings from the first biospeleological expedition undertaken between 6 and 19 April 2011 in caves of the Toledo District, southern Belize. Also included is a review of the present state of knowledge of subterranean invertebrates in Belize, with no prior data being available for the Toledo District. During the April 2011 expedition, we sampled more than 1,150 invertebrates, representing more than 80 unique taxa, recorded from 7 caves in the Toledo District of Belize. This material includes a number of species already determined to be new to science, including various arachnids, crustaceans, and insects. The findings of this study form the beginnings of a foundation for future work, which can help inform decision--making regarding cave resources. Caves in Belize are an important socioeconomic resource -they support ecotourism, harbor unique archeological resources. In serving as conduits for water, organic materials, and contaminants, these caves also play important roles within the landscape. The data from the present study, and future biospeleological work will provide land managers and agency personnel with better knowledge of important cave resources in Belize.

2025, Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 4

Bird pellets are an accumulation of undigested food items consumed by birds and cannot be excreted as faeces but are regurgitated by mouth as compact packages. These contain hard, and not easily digested, material which is of little nutritional value to the birdthe bones, claws, beaks or jaws and teeth of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fishes; the thorax or wing-cases of insects and seed husks and other coarse vegetable matter. Hard materials are then usually encased by the softer, and equally indigestible, material of mammal fur, bird feathers or vegetable fibres. Often characteristic, these pellets can provide valuable clues to diet. Of the many hundreds of bird species that produce pellets, owls make the pellets that, when dissected and analysed, can provide the most accurate record of the diet of any bird. Here, we look at how the owl's pellet is produced and how the dissection and analysis of them are crucial to so many fields of study:entomology (distribution of arthropod species, their communities and their environments), mammalogy (diversity and structure of small mammal assemblages), ornithology (diet and distribution), palaeontology and taphonomy (taphonomic and taxonomic analyses of bones and teeth of microvertebrates contained in ancient owl pellets and markers of human actions), education and citizen science (an exciting and interactive introduction to environmental studies and how amateurs can contribute to data gathering), botany (owl-mediated seed dispersal), ecology (evidence of environmental contamination and pollution) and finally, we tell how owl pellets, the discarded remains of a meal, themselves become a food source, serving as a snack for vultures. Although discarded in nature, owl pellets hide a host of secrets just waiting to be unlocked.

2025, Research Perspective on Biological Science

2025, Acta Zoologica Bulgarica

Ponor Special Protection Area is one of the richest in caves areas in Bulgaria, with more than 70 horizontal and vertical caves hitherto known from its territory. Caves are scattered all over the mountain, but the regions of Tserovo, Zimevitsa, Iskrets-Breze-Dobravitsa and Gintsi are richest and form specifc karst regions within the mountain. A total of 20 caves have up to now been explored from biospeleological point of view, in which 119 species of invertebrate animals are found. The places with the highest number of cave invertebrates with conservation value are: cave Dushinka near of Iskrets, cave Vodnata Peshtera near the Tserovo, as well as Dinevata, Svetata Voda and Krivata Pesht caves near the Gintsi. The Mesovoid Shallow Stratum (M.S.S.) is entirely unexplored. The paper summarizes also the agricultural practices that are harmful to the cave fauna, such as: dumping of garbage and carcasses of dead animals in precipices and caves; using the caves as storage places, dairy far...

2025, African Journal of Ecology

Bird pollination remains understudied in Madagascar. We document the first recorded observation of common sunbird-asity Neodrepanis coruscans (Philepittidae), a Malagasy endemic which is not a true sunbird, visiting and potentially pollinating Bakerella clavata, a plant with long tubular flowers. This interaction suggests a broader, yet overlooked, role for Philepittidae in avian-mediated pollination. Our findings highlight the need for further research on avian-mediated pollination in Madagascar's unique ecosystems. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

2025

Rabies is an enzootic disease in Brazil, including Rio de Janeiro state, especially rabies transmitted by vampire bats. All years are accounted large losses of livestock due to this disease in the State. The aim of this study was perform a phylogeographic analysis of rabies virus in the Rio de Janeiro state. It was analyzed a dataset of 58 genetic sequences from the coding region of the N gene. We isolated 35 samples in the Rio de Janeiro between 2001 and 2006 from vampire bats and domestic herbivores in 18 cities of the State. It was retrieved from GenBank 15 and 8 sequences from Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais states, respectively. With the Beast v1.6 software package, the group of sequences was analyzed by Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method with the nucleotide substitution model K3Puf + G, strict molecular clock and an exponential growth tree prior. The reconstruction of the spatial-temporal dispersion of the samples, with viewing on Google Earth software, was performed by conti...

2025, Journal of entomology and zoology studies

A prospective and retrospective study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of ovine Brucellosis in Kashmir valley. The data spanning over five years (2015-16 to 2019-20) maintained at Disease Investigation Laboratory Nowshera, Srinagar, were collected and utilized to estimate seroprevalence of ovine Brucellosis in Kashmir valley. A total of 20165 sera samples were collected from organized and unorganized sectors of Kashmir valley. The samples were screened serologically using modified Rose Bengal Plate Test (mRBPT), Micro Agglutination Test (MAT) and Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA). The overall seroprevalence of ovine brucellosis of 17.38% in Kashmir valley was observed in the present study. The seroprevalence of 11.03%, 19.13%, 24.88%, 13.07% and 12.64% was observed during 2015-16, 2016-17, 2017-18, 2018-19 and 2019-20, respectively. The prevalence of ovine brucellosis was significantly (p

2025, Eulen-Rundblick 74-1

Between 1990 and 2023, 72,139 prey items were identified from Barn Owl pellets in the state of Brandenburg. The species spectrum includes 18 small mammals (rodents and insectivores) identified to species level as well as representatives of other species groups (birds, bats, amphibians, insects). The main prey animal is the Common Vole (Microtus arvalis). Fluctuations in the Common Vole population are primarily
compensated for by an increase in the proportion of shrews (the main prey here is the Common Shrew). The findings are consistent with literature data on the feeding ecology of the Barn Owl in Central Europe. Typical for Brandenburg is the dominance of voles in the food spectrum, followed by shrews and then with a considerable lower proportion by species of the family Muridae.

2025

The brief study on diversity of microchiroptera was carried out at UNIMAS campus from 14 August 2010 to 10 December 2010. This study was conducted at two sites; rubber plot of Kampung Sebayor (site A) and peat swamp area in UNIMAS east campus (site B). A total of fourteen individuals from nine species were captured using five harp traps and ten mist nets. Kerivoula hardwickii and Tylonycteris robustula were the most frequently captured from both areas. A preliminary investigation on the morphometric variation also done to show relationship between 25 individuals from five species within the same family which were Hipposideros larvatus, H. bic%r, H. cervinus, H. galeritus and H. diadema. A total of 22 characters comprised of external, cranial and dental measurements used to discriminate each species respectively. This study showed the species had clear separation in the Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and based on Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), forearm and canine molar l...

2025, Journal of Biological Sciences

2025, Revista nicaragüense de Biodiversidad

Prey-predator interactions are important to understand species dynamics. In this study, we provide relevant data on the diet of Leptodeira rhombifera
through an exhaustive literature review of its diet. We also report for the first time the attempted predation of Rhinella horribilis by L. rhombifera in the Pacific region of Nicaragua. We corroborate that the diet of L. rhombifera primarily targets amphibians; however, reptiles and fish also could be a substantial part of its diet and reports suggest that the feeding habits of the species are closely related to its natural history. Finally, we argue that R. horribilis could represent an alternative in the feeding habits of the genus Leptodeira.

2025, Zootaxa

Myotis aelleni Baud, 1979 was described based on a large series from Chubut, Argentina, and is known only from the type locality and Río Negro, also in Argentina. According to the original description, M. aelleni is closest morphologically to M. chiloensis (Waterhouse, 1840), but can be distinguished based on the tricolored dorsal hairs and skull size and shape. The taxonomic status of M. aelleni has been questioned but the species is still treated as valid. Based on qualitative and quantitative analyses of the type series of M. aelleni, and series of M. chiloensis, including the neotype, we recognize M. aelleni as a junior synonym of M. chiloensis. M. aelleni and M. chiloensis have bicolor dorsal hairs and cannot be distinguished on the basis of the skull size and shape. After synonymy, M. chiloensis occur from Central Chile and western Argentina to central Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego archipelago. Twenty-one species of Myotis occur in South America, including Trinidad and Tobago.

2025, Biodiversity data journal

Bat species richness in Neotropical localities is generally higher than that of any other group of mammals, and surveys of local bat assemblages may provide useful data for conservation management plans. Although the bat fauna of the Rio de Janeiro state is currently one of the best known in Brazil, there are several localities not adequately surveyed yet, and most of them are in the mountainous regions and in the northern portion of the state. From January 2008 to November 2009, we conducted surveys of bats in three localities in the state of Rio de Janeiro (municipalities of Varre-Sai, Sumidouro, and Cantagalo), and our fieldwork constitutes the first assessment of the bat assemblages of these localities. Surveys were conducted using mist nets in four different habitat types in each locality (forest interior, forest edge, riparian forest, and open areas [pastures]). We captured a total of 148 individuals in 17 species, 14 genera and 3 families. Among them, 11 species were recorded...

2025, Mastozoología Neotropical

In Brazil, studies on roadkills are recent and usually restricted to lists of species found at some road stretch. Among mammals, medium-and large-sized species have received greater attention. The present study aimed at presenting the first list of bat roadkills in Brazil, including comments on the traits that may cause roadkills. We recorded 415 deaths from 44 species of seven families in all Brazilian biomes. We did not observe a relationship between body size or type of flight with the number of bat-vehicle collisions. Frugivore was the trophic guild most victimized, possibly due to greater natural abundance, foraging in low height airspace, and capacity to make long-distance movements. The elevated number of species recorded indicates that these roads may exert a negative effect on bat fauna. We encourage road ecologists and environmental agencies to include bats in their fauna monitoring of road infrastructure and request to make more accurate estimates of this impact. RESUMO. Em rota de colisão: a vulnerabilidade de morcegos à atropelamentos no Brasil. No Brasil os estudos sobre atropelamentos de fauna são recentes e, na maioria dos casos, restritos a lista de espécies encontradas em alguns trechos de rodovias. Dentre os mamíferos, espécies de médio e grande porte têm recebido maior atenção. O presente estudo apresenta a primeira lista de morcegos atropelados no Brasil, incluindo comentários sobre os fatores que podem causar os atropelamentos. Nós registramos 415 óbitos de 44 espécies e sete famílias em todos os biomas brasileiros. Nós não observação relação entre o tamanho corporal e o tipo de voo com o número de colisões entre veículos e morcegos. Morcegos frugívoros foram os mais vitimados, possivelmente, em virtude de sua maior abundância natural, por forragear em baixas alturas e pela elevada capacidade de movimentação. O alto número de espécies indica que as estradas podem exercer um viés negativo sobre a quiropterofauna. Nós incentivamos que pesquisadores e agências ambientais incluam morcegos no monitoramento de fauna em infraestruturas viárias e solicitem estimativas mais precisas desse impacto.

2025, Scientific Data

Roadkill is widely recognized as one of the primary negative effects of roads on many wildlife species and also has socioeconomic impacts when they result in accidents. A comprehensive dataset of roadkill locations is essential to evaluate the factors contributing to roadkill risk and to enhance our comprehension of its impact on wildlife populations and socioeconomic dimensions. We undertook a compilation of roadkill records, encompassing both published and unpublished data gathered from road surveys or opportunistic sources. GLOBAL ROADKILL DATA includes 208,570 roadkill records of terrestrial vertebrates from 54 countries across six continents, encompassing data collected between 1971 and 2024. This dataset serves to minimise the collection of redundant data and acts as a valuable resource for local and macro scale analysis regarding rates of roadkill, road-and landscape-related features associated with risk of roadkill, vulnerability of species to road traffic, and populations at risk of local extinction. The objective of this dataset is to promote scientific progress in infrastructure ecology and terrestrial vertebrate conservation while limiting the socio-economic costs.

2025, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease

Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp., which can be found in nature among domestic and wild animals. In Colombia, the Macaregua cave is known for its bat richness; thus, because bats are reservoir hosts of human microbiological pathogens, we determined if the Macaregua cave bats harbored Leptospira in the wild. A total of 85 kidney samples were collected from three bat species (Carollia perspicillata, Mormoops megalophylla, and Natalus tumidirostris) to detect Leptospira spp. The 16S rRNA gene was targeted through conventional PCR and qPCR; in addition, the LipL32 gene was detected using conventional PCR. Obtained amplicons were purified and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The Leptospira spp. 16S rRNA gene was detected in 51.8% bat kidneys, of which 35 sequences were obtained, all clustering within the pathogenic group. Moreover, 11 sequences presented high-identity-values with Leptospiranoguchii, Leptospiraalexanderi, Leptospiraborgpetersenii, Leptospirakirschn...

2025

candidate for the degree of Master of Science in Biology, has presented a thesis titled, Long-Term Effects of Forest Harvesting on Habitat Use By Insectivorous Bats, in an oral examination held on April 5, 2019. The following committee members have found the thesis acceptable in form and content, and that the candidate demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of the subject material.

2025

Bats are considered important reservoirs of rabies virus, which is paramount in the study of the pathogenesis of this zoonosis disease, through the use of sensitive systems. The presence of viral antigen in these species shows that non-neuronal viral spread is efficient in different organs that participate effectively in the elimination of rabies virus, such as, salivary glands and bladder. This study aimed to investigate the presence of rabies virus in samples of bats submitted for laboratory diagnosis, as well as, to study the pathogenesis of the disease through the use of laboratory animals. 3,930 routine diagnostic specimens of bats were processed during the period between January 2011 and May 2012 by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and viral isolation on murine neuroblastoma cells (VICC) techniques. 58 samples were diagnosed rabies positive from 37 bats in 2011 and 21 samples were diagnosis rabies positive in 2012, representing a positivity rate of 1.80%. We randomly selected 2...

2025, Veteriner Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Derneği Bülteni

ÖZET. Yarasalar, kemirgenlerden sonra en çok türe sahip memelilerdir. Vücut büyüklüklerine göre diğer memelilerden daha uzun yaşarlar. Yarasa türlerinin büyük çoğunluğu böcekçildir. Dışlama deneyleri ile belirli bir bölgede böceklerle mücadelede yarasaların etkinliği ölçülebilmektedir. Moleküler diyet çalışmaları yarasaların tükettikleri böcek türlerinin belirlenmesini sağlamaktadır. Bazı ülkelerde yarasa evleri kurularak zararlı böcek türleriyle biyolojik mücadelede yapılmaktadır. Ancak yarasa evlerinin etkinliği konusunda yeterli bilimsel çalışma mevcut değildir. Yarasaların bazı habitatlar için biyoindikatör olarak kullanılabileceğine yönelik araştırmalar mecvuttur. Bu habitatların yarasaların beslenme alanları olan nehirler ile tarımsal ekosistemler olabileceği görüşü mevcuttur. Aynı zamanda yarasaların ekolojik değişimlere olan hassasiyetlerinden dolayı iklim değişikliğinin takibinde de kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Öte yandan diğer memelilere göre uzun ömürlü olması ve diyetlerinden kaynaklı pestisitlere maruz kalmaları yarasaların biyobirikim çalışmaları için önemini göstermektedir. Bu durum yarasaları çevre kirliliği için önemli bir biyoindikatör kılmaktadır. Bu derleme ile zararlı böceklerle mücadelede yarasaların etkinliğini tartışmak ve biyoindikatör olarak potansiyelini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca yarasalarla ilgili yeni bilimsel çalışma alanları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.

2025

La recuperación de los ecosistemas acuáticos continentales pasa por el restablecimiento de los hábitats en condiciones no perturbadas y una vez conseguido este objetivo por la recuperación de la integridad biótica. Para ello es necesario reintroducir especies que hayan desaparecido por efecto de la acción humana y para las que es recomendable que su reintegración al ecosistema genere beneficios en términos ecológicos (recuperación de procesos, reinstauración de valores de biodiversidad, etc.) y de gestión y conservación (incremento del valor conservacionista del medio y del grado de atención que recibe por parte de gestores y opinión pública). En este sentido la Consejería de Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Andalucía ha iniciado un " Programa de restauración de la Trucha Común en Andalucía " que incluye el análisis de la viabilidad de la reintroducción de esta especie en ámbitos de los que ha desaparecido. Dentro del mismo se han identificado los tramos fluviales con presenc...

2025

Description of record: Four adult individuals, two of which were shielding pups, of Cynopterus cf. brachyotis were seen use the ceiling of the balcony at the park headquarters as their roost (Fig. ). The roost site was recognized based on... more

2025

Understanding biodiversity patterns as well as drivers of population declines, and range losses provides crucial baselines for monitoring and conservation. However, the information needed to evaluate such trends remains unstandardised and sparsely available for many taxonomic groups and habitats, including the cave-dwelling bats and cave ecosystems. Here, we present the DarkCideS 1.0, a global database of bat caves and bat species based on curated data from the literature, personal collections, and existing datasets. The database contains information for geographical distribution, ecological status, species traits, and parasites and hyperparasites for 679 bat species known to occur in caves or use caves in their life-histories. The database contains 6746 georeferenced occurrences for 402 cave-dwelling bat species from 2002 cave sites in 46 countries and 12 terrestrial biomes. The database has been developed to be a collaborative, open-access, and user-friendly platform, allowing con...

2025, Subterranean Biology

Caves are important reservoirs for species, including bats, but in Honduras there is little known information about these biodiverse ecosystems. We describe the importance of two caves in Ceguaca in western Honduras, based on the species richness of each cave. From December 2015 to May 2016, we used three mist-nets in seven journeys (74.27 mist-net/hours). We captured 139 bats belonging to 23 species of four families. We recorded 10 species in the crop of Quita Sueño, 10 in the cave of El Peñón, and 12 in the cave of Monte Grueso. In overall, 17% of the bats were captured in the crops of Quita Sueño, 62% in the cave of Monte Grueso, and 21% in the cave of El Peñón. About 9% of bat species of the total account for Honduras could be found in the cave of El Peñón, and 10% in the cave of Monte Grueso. If we consider the number of the species that have been recorded since 1979, between 20.9 and 49.2% of the expected species are still unrecorded, this suggests that despite low sampling ef...

2025

Covid-19, de la sidération à la banalisation, où en est-on ? Article rédigé le 20 mars 2025 par Henri Cap (biologiste zoologue, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse) et Dominique Morello (Chercheuse CNRS, biologie moléculaire, retraitée). En ce cinquième anniversaire du confinement en France, cet article propose une synthèse des données scientifiques et autres révélations postérieures à juillet 2021 sur l'origine et les répercussions du Covid 19, faisant suite aux précédents articles écrits avant cette date par les mêmes auteurs . Officiellement, en cinq ans, 776,8 millions de cas ont été recensés dans le monde et 7 millions en sont mortes. D'après l'OMS, une estimation plus réaliste serait autour de vingt millions de morts. En France, on en dénombre au moins 168 000. De redoutable, le SARS-CoV-2 est devenu aussi banal que le virus de la grippe. Le virus s'est adapté et nous avec, à force d'infection et de vaccination. Actuellement, aucune preuve définitive ne peut, à elle seule, permettre de trancher entre l'hypothèse zoonotique (maladie transmise de l'animal à l'humain) ou la fuite accidentelle ou intentionnelle d'un virus manipulé en laboratoire. Cela n'empêche pas de disposer de nombreux éléments plaidant en faveur de l'une ou l'autre de ces hypothèses. Nous présentons ici les principales données disponibles qui permettront à chacun de se faire sa propre idée. Il y a cinq ans, le 30 janvier 2020, le directeur général de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus déclarait « une urgence de santé publique de portée internationale concernant l'épidémie mondiale du nouveau coronavirus », l'agent pathogène jusqu'alors inconnu qui avait tué en Chine 170 personnes et s'était déjà propagé dans dix-huit pays. La transmission interhumaine du virus était établie et l'on savait depuis peu qu'elle débutait avant l'apparition des symptômes. Mais les données nous parvenaient au compte-goutte du fait des précautions, de la censure et de la réduction au silence des lanceurs d'alerte chinois par leur gouvernement, à l'image du médecin ophtalmologiste Li Wenliang, qui a été l'un des premiers à alerter sur l'apparition d'un nouveau coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) à Wuhan fin 2019 en partageant ses inquiétudes avec des collègues médecins sur l'émergence de cette maladie ressemblant au SRAS. Cependant, les autorités chinoises l'ont réprimandé, l'accusant de "propagation de rumeurs". Il aurait ensuite contracté le virus et en serait décédé le 7 février 2020 à l'âge de 34 ans, suscitant une vague d'émotion et de colère en Chine et dans le monde entier. Son histoire est devenue emblématique du manque de transparence initial dans la gestion de la pandémie, à l'instar de l'exavocate Zhang-Zhan, libérée en mai 2024 après 4 ans d'emprisonnement, dont la parole reste muselée. Le confinement général avait été décrété le 23 janvier à Wuhan, la capitale de la province du Hubei hébergeant près de 12 millions d'habitants, dont le marché d'Huanan, d'où tout serait semble-il parti. Les scientifiques chinois détenaient depuis plusieurs jours la séquence du SARS-Cov2, le virus responsable de ce que l'OMS nommera Covid-19 le 11 février. Quelques pays prennent alors des mesures face à l'urgence, d'autres, comme les Etats-Unis et l'Italie, y sont indifférents. La France tarde ; les premiers morts sont décomptés et ce n'est que le 11 mars, jour où l'OMS déclare la pandémie, qu'elle réagit officiellement, avec la création du conseil scientifique Covid-19, suivie le 16 mars, le lendemain du premier tour des élections municipales, de la déclaration du président de la République Emmanuel Macron : « Nous sommes en guerre » et du mot d'ordre de confinement prononcé à 22h par Christophe Castaner, le ministre de l'intérieur d'alors. Bilan ce jour-là : 7 500 cas déclarés, 2 279 hospitalisations et 148 décès. Aucun traitement efficace n'est disponible, les tests et les masques manquent. Le premier ministre Edouard Philippe

2025, Revista Brasileira de …

Bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) from Alfredo Chaves municipality, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The Atlantic Forest is one of the most threatened ecosystems of the planet due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. This study adds information on bat species of Alfredo Chaves municipality, Espírito Santo state, Brazil. We captured 432 individuals from 19 species in 24 nights with mist nets. Artibeus lituratus and Carollia perspicillata were the most abundant species, being captured in all nights and areas. Phyllostomidae was the most abundant family, and the most represented guild was the frugivorous one. The presence of Phyllostomidae family in Neotropical studies is common, considering that is the most abundant family in the Neotropics.

2025

A rapid risk assessment of the interactions between Kenya's large birds and electrical infrastructure was conducted around Magadi and Naivasha in Kenya in January 2009. Six out of the seven <132 kV distribution pole designs assessed pose an electrocution risk to medium and large-sized birds. Several sites of high bird collision risk were identified. Several of the observed >132 kV transmission tower structures were vulnerable to electrical faulting caused by birds. Of approximately 24 relevant bird species that are of conservation concern in Kenya, 17 (71 %) face a high risk of direct interactions with electrical infrastructure. Priority species for attention include the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus, White-headed Vulture Trigonoceps occipitalis, Lappetfaced Vulture Torgos tracheliotos, Grey-crowned Crane Balearica regulorum, Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor, White-backed Vulture Gyps africanus, Rüppell's Vulture Gyps rueppellii, Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus, White Stork Ciconia ciconia, Secretarybird Sagittarius serpentarius, and various sitand-wait raptors. These preliminary findings have national relevance given plans (already underway) for a rapid expansion of electrical infrastructure in Kenya; recommendations are made for a national response to this matter.

2025, Caryologia

It was carried out a cytogenetic comparison between Phyllostomus hastatus and Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae), using G-, C-and NOR banding techniques. The P. hastatus specimens presented 2n=32 chromosomes, including 13 biarmed autosome pairs and one acrocentric. The X chromosome is submetacentric and the Y is a minute acrocentric. A. lituratus has 2n=30 chromosomes in females and 31 in males specimens. The autosomes are 14 biarmed pairs and the chromosomal sexual system is XY 1 Y 2 type, being the X chromosome a large submetacentric and both Y 1 (real Y) and Y 2 acrocentric elements. Several chromosomal homologies are shared between both taxa, including whole chromosomes and chromosomal arms. Based on similarity of G-banding pattern is proposed that the system XY 1 Y 2 from A. lituratus risen by a tandem fusion event involving the stenodermatine original biarmed X chromosome with the autosome acrocentric homologous to Y 2 .

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

2025

has many years' experience in applied ecological research, lecturing in population ecology and ecological methods at the University of Oxford. He co-authored the book Ecological Methods with Sir Richard Southwood, and is a specialist in... more

2025, Restoration Ecology

Stepping up ecosystem restoration is critical to achieving pressing policy targets, but as well as significant benefits, there are also multiple challenges particularly associated with restoring at landscape scale. These relate to the complexity of ecosystems, land uses, and social factors within a landscape and the scale at which sustainable funding and effective monitoring are required. Here we present a summary of discussions from a symposium at the Society for Ecological Restoration-Europe conference, addressing five key topics related to scaling up restoration in Europe: implementation, stakeholder engagement, local economies, financing, and monitoring. Common barriers include inflexible political systems and traditional conservation project thinking, as well as the complexities and time required to work effectively and sustainably across disciplines, sectors, and geographical boundaries. However, opportunities are identified in relation to innovative financing systems and monitoring technologies, the development of nature-based economies, and the strength and sustainability that comes from effectively and deeply engaging a wide diversity of stakeholders. Capitalizing on these prospects could enable landscape-scale ecosystem restoration to play a significant role in meeting global targets for nature, climate, and people.

2025, Agricultural Reviews, Volume 46 Issue 2 (April 2025)

Several human infections have emerged in the last three decades, most of them are attributed to wildlife origin. Two third of the emerging zoonotic infections are attributed to viruses. Emerging and re-emerging fatal viral diseases like Nipah virus disease, Hendra Virus disease, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Ebola and Marburg haemorrhagic fever have been witnessed recently, causative agents of which have been associated with bats. Ecology of bats influences the host-pathogen interaction and is responsible for harbouring several viruses, which under favourable conditions spill over to intermediate hosts. Conditions and events, such as deforestation, agricultural and livestock practices, animal migration and trade, eco-tourism, urbanization and other anthropogenic factors, greatly influence the successful interspecies transmission and emergence/ re-emergence of zoonoses. This review highlights, the bats ecological factors and human-bat interface, responsible for zoonotic outbreaks in past. The implementation of an integrated approach is needed for unravelling the host-virus dynamics as well as providing mutually beneficial solutions for bat conservation and safeguarding animal and public health at a global level.

2025

Twenty samples from cases of rabies in humans and domestic animals diagnosed in Venezuela between 1990 and 1994 and one sample from a vampire bat collected in 1976 were characterized by reactivity to monoclonal antibodies against the viral nucleoprotein and by patterns of nucleotide substitution in the nucleoprotein gene. Three antigenic variants were found: 1, 3, and 5. Antigenic variant 1 included all samples from dogs and humans infected by contact with rabid dogs. Unique substitutions permitted identification of two separate outbreaks of dog rabies in the Maracaibo Depression and Los Llanos region and in the Andean region of Venezuela. Samples from the vampire bat and two head of cattle were characterized as antigenic variant 3 and showed a nucleotide sequence homology of 96 to 98% to each other and to samples of vampire bat-associated rabies throughout Latin America. Ten of the remaining 12 samples were characterized as antigenic variant 5. Genetic studies indicated that 11 of these samples formed a highly homologous and distinctive group but were closely related to samples of vampire bat-associated rabies. The 12th sample of variant 5 (from a cat) showed only 78 to 80% genetic homology to samples of rabies associated with vampire bats. The application of antigenic and genetic typing to rabies surveillance in Latin America is essential to improve control programs. Recognition of the source of outbreaks of dog rabies and identification of wildlife species maintaining sylvatic cycles of rabies transmission permit better utilization of public health resources.

2025, Statistical Reports

Para representar varias variables porcentuales de un elemento cuya suma es 100% se puede acudir a diversos
gráficos. Por ejemplo, el gráfico de tortas o sectores permite representar t variables porcentuales a la vez, pero
no puede graficar simultáneamente los datos de más de un elemento, entonces, para representar varios
elementos y compararlos es necesario disponer de tantas tortas cuantos elementos se quieren comparar.
Cuando el número de variables porcentuales es de 3 y el número de elementos elevado, como puede ocurrir en
un estudio observacional o en algún experimento, la tercera variable es una combinación lineal de las dos
primeras y se pueden emplear gráficos de dispersión cartesianos para representar las 3. Sin embargo, al hacerlo,
la tercera variable queda representada en una escala diferente que las otras y se pierde parte de la claridad del
gráfico para distinguir las características peculiares de los subconjuntos de elementos.
En el gráfico triangular, en cambio, un elemento se representa como un solo punto en el interior de un triángulo
equilátero y la escala es la misma con respecto a cada una de las variables, entonces se presta admirablemente
para la comparación y descripción de subconjuntos de elementos. Esto puede extenderse a un número mayor
de variables si en el triángulo representamos las dos principales y como tercera variable la suma del resto.
Aquí se presenta cual es la relación entre las coordenadas triangulares y las coordenadas cartesianas para
adaptar el software estadístico estándar y obtener estos gráficos aprovechando su capacidad de representar las
tres coordenadas triangulares de un elemento mediante un punto en el plano.
Se ejemplifica el empleo de las coordenadas triangulares sobre un conjunto real de 2400 elementos
provenientes de un estudio observacional destinado a encontrar métodos objetivos de determinación de la
tipificación y conformación de medias reses bovinas en frigoríficos. Se presentan gráficos de dispersión, gráficos
de contornos y gráficos tridimensionales de columnas donde la base es un gráfico triangular sobre el cual se
apoyan las columnas frecuenciales.

2025, Journal of Biology and Nature

This study aimed to assess mammalian species within Gautala Autramghat Wildlife Sanctuary (GAWLS) to understand prey-predator dynamics and guide conservation strategies. The research used line transect surveys, camera trapping, and sign surveys, documenting 22 mammal species. The four-horned antelope, sloth bear, Indian leopard, striped hyena, and tiger are classified as threatened. A total of 30 random line transects were laid across the sanctuary to estimate prey species densities. Northern plain grey langur (19.96/km²) and wild boar (9.02/km²) were the most abundant species, with density estimates of 1.11/km² for blackbuck, 2.29/km² for Indian hare, 8.82/km² for nilgai, and 3.14/km² for peafowl. The encounter rate was highest for Northern plain grey langur (0.18), followed by nilgai (0.17) and wild boar (0.11). Among prey species, adults were Original Research Article most prevalent, especially in peafowl (95.33%), blackbuck (91.82%), spotted deer (85.71%), and wild boar (78.40%). Blackbuck showed the largest average cluster size (7.48), followed by Northern plain grey langur (6.74), nilgai (5.19), and wild boar (5.69). Critically low sightings of four-horned antelope and spotted deer suggest these species are nearing local extinction. The study recommends improving water availability through man-made water holes and mitigating
anthropogenic pressures such as cattle grazing, human encroachment, and deforestation. Strengthening enforcement measures, community engagement, and focused monitoring efforts are critical for increasing the populations of these vulnerable species. The findings showed the adverse
effects of habitat degradation, water scarcity, and human interference, advocating for intensified conservation and monitoring initiatives.

2025, Oecologia Australis

Among all roads threats, roadkills in highways are considered the greatest source of anthropic pressure on wild vertebrate populations. In Brazil, data on bat-vehicles collisions are scarce and underestimated in studies on roadkilled fauna. Herein we present the first records of bat-vehicles collisions in the southern region of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Eleven individuals were recorded, belonging to at least four species. Sturnira lilium presented the highest frequency of collisions, followed by Artibeus lituratus. The diet and foraging behavior are the most likely factors that explain the number of roadkilled bats in highways.

2025, Karpackie Noce Nietoperzy

Since the early 1990s, international educational events under
the name Bat Night have been held to support the conservation of
these unique, endangered mammals. Events associated with Bat
Night, such as presentations, workshops, lectures, and nighttime
bat-watching activities, offer insights into the vital role bats play in
ecosystems and highlight the threats they face. Czarnorzeki, a
small town in the Korczyna municipality, is an ideal setting for
hosting Bat Night, thanks to its rich diversity of bat species. This
location enables participants to engage closely with nature,
fostering a deeper understanding of bats and their ecological
importance.
The organization of Bat Night is supported by specialists and
enthusiasts who have long advocated for bat conservation. Among
these supporters is Professor Bronisław Wołoszyn, a renowned
chiropterologist and worker at the Institute of Systematics and
Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences, whose
research contributes significantly to scientific knowledge about
bats. Another key figure is Stanisław Jucha, former president of
the Podkarpackie branch of the Poland-East Cooperation
Association, known for his commitment to environmental
education and conservation. Today, thanks to support of many
organizations and especially the President of the Poland-East
Cooperation Association - Józef Bryl, who personally presented
awards and acknowledgments during the 21st Bat Night to Prof.
Bronisław Wołoszyn and the Mayor of the Korczyna Commune, we
continue this legacy by organizing further editions of Bat Night
and promoting conservation efforts for these remarkable animals
in our region.
A core component of the event includes art competitions
aimed at children and young people to introduce them to bat
conservation topics. These contests inspire young people to
explore nature creatively and to present it through their
imagination. The most compelling works are awarded and
showcased at the event, underscoring the importance of
environmental education and nurturing sensitivity to the needs of
wildlife conservation.
Our mission is to raise social awareness collectively and
support bat conservation efforts, encouraging actions that help to
protect bat habitats and prevent the introduction of invasive
species. Below, we present a collection of scientific studies
contributed by researchers who have participated in our
symposiums dedicated to bat conservation and other threatened
species, thus contributing to the protection of biodiversity

2025, Emerging Infectious Disease

Nipah virus, a zoonotic virus with high mortality rate, threatens people from Indonesia because of its proximity to affected regions and the presence of bat reservoirs. Molecular screening of 64 Pteropus hypomelanus bats in Central Java detected 2 positive bats. Public health authorities should increase surveillance to help prevent human transmission.

2025, Ecología en Bolivia