Computer Aided Engineering Research Papers (original) (raw)

Digital manufacturing has been considered, over the last decade, as a highly promising set of technologies for reducing product development times and cost as well as for addressing the need for customization, increased product quality,... more

Digital manufacturing has been considered, over the last decade, as a highly promising set of technologies for reducing product development times and cost as well as for addressing the need for customization, increased product quality, and faster response to the market. This paper describes the evolution of information technology systems in manufacturing, outlining their characteristics and the challenges to be addressed in the future. Together with the digital manufacturing and factory concepts, the technologies considered in this paper include computer-aided design, engineering, process planning and manufacturing, product data and life-cycle management, simulation and virtual reality, automation, process control, shopfloor scheduling, decision support, decision making, manufacturing resource planning, enterprise resource planning, logistics, supply chain management, and e-commerce systems. These technologies are discussed in the context of the digital factory and manufacturing con...

Convolving the output of Discontinuous Galerkin computations with symmetric Smoothness-Increasing Accuracy-Conserving (SIAC) filters can improve both smoothness and accuracy. To extend convolution to the boundaries, several one-sided... more

Convolving the output of Discontinuous Galerkin computations with symmetric Smoothness-Increasing Accuracy-Conserving (SIAC) filters can improve both smoothness and accuracy. To extend convolution to the boundaries, several one-sided spline filters have recently been developed. This paper interprets these filters as instances of a general class of position-dependent (PSIAC) spline filters that can have non-uniform knot sequences and skip B-splines of the sequence. PSIAC filters with rational knot sequences have rational coefficients. For prototype knot sequences , such as integer sequences that may have repeated entries, PSIAC filters can be expressed in symbolic form. Based on the insight that filters for shifted or scaled knot sequences are easily derived by non-uniform scaling of one prototype filter, a single filter can be re-used in different locations and at different scales. Computing a value of the convolution then simplifies to forming a scalar product of a short vector with the local output data. Restating one-sided filters in this form improves both stability and efficiency compared to their original formulation via numerical integration. PSIAC filtering is demonstrated for several established and one new boundary filter.

In the Army mechanical fatigue subject to external and inertia transient loads in the service life of mechanical systems often leads to a structural failure due to accumulated damage. Structural durability analysis that predicts the... more

In the Army mechanical fatigue subject to external and inertia transient loads in the service life of mechanical systems often leads to a structural failure due to accumulated damage. Structural durability analysis that predicts the fatigue life of mechanical components subject to dynamic stresses and strains is a compute intensive multidisciplinary simulation process, since it requires the integration of several

Automotive vehicles play a vital role in our daily life. Major accidents occur due to frontal collisions which cause serious injuries and disabilities. To prevent the collision some improvements, need to be done for the vehicles... more

Automotive vehicles play a vital role in our daily life. Major accidents occur due to frontal collisions which cause serious injuries and disabilities. To prevent the collision some improvements, need to be done for the vehicles especially the safety measures to reduce the injury level of the occupants the nature of the vehicle structure is the ability to convert kinetic energy to deformation of the structural parts which results intrusion of the front part of the vehicle. This will severely harm the occupants who cannot able to withstand the heavy load during the collision. To prevent this sudden impact, the passive safety system is implemented to reduce the deceleration loads (G-Force). This research is based on the development of the occupant safety during the frontal collisions. In practice, the body structures include the front structure with crumple zones to absorb the kinetic force energy and during the impact the vehicle should maintain the integrity of the passenger compartment while controlling the impact deceleration pulse. The aim of the research is to reduce the stiffness in the front part of the chassis or to create a crumple area to deform the structure in a short time (milliseconds) and to absorb the impact energy in a controllable way. The structural rigidity should also be consistent with ride and handling and must be compatible with other vehicles on the road so it is not too soft or too aggressive. The main objective of the research is to reduce the frontal impact of the occupant safety by measuring the Intrusion and deceleration pulse with crash avoidance and crashworthiness.

In-plant training is one of the requirements for the award of the Degree in Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical Engineering of Maharashtra Institute of Technology. As such, students are required to write and submit reports at the end of... more

In-plant training is one of the requirements for the award of the Degree in Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical Engineering of Maharashtra Institute of Technology. As such, students are required to write and submit reports at the end of their training.
This report is the record of the work I personally did and experience I gained during my in-plant training at Varroc Engineering Ltd. Plant- VII (valve) from 4th Jan to 16th May 2018.
It consists of six chapters which altogether explain the background of training, entail background information about Varroc Engineering Ltd., Manufacturing processes, Inspection and Testing, the hands-on activities which I took part in and about the project I did on tooling cost reduction by optimizing the design of bottom die holder.

For a couple of years, many data scientists have been battling between Python & R programs especially on the levels of superiority. For any data scientist who would like build a machine or deep learning project, he or she may be stuck... more

For a couple of years, many data scientists have been battling between Python & R programs especially on the levels of superiority. For any data scientist who would like build a machine or deep learning project, he or she may be stuck between selecting the right programming language when build it, you need to know that this article will help you make an informed decision. This article should elaborate the difference between these two commonly used languages in algorithms coding namely: Python and R; but also assist you know among the two languages, which has an upper edge over the other in a couple of ways. Ultimately, you will make a decision on which one to use when working on your project

The present work is a report of design, development and fabrication of Safety Mechanism of Power Press Machine. Industrial injuries have been identified as one of the key economic development inhibitors. Fatal and non-fatal injury rates... more

The present work is a report of design, development and fabrication of Safety Mechanism of Power Press Machine.
Industrial injuries have been identified as one of the key economic development inhibitors. Fatal and non-fatal injury rates for the workforce for which accidents are reported. Based on these rates, fatal accidents can be estimated to range between 50,000 and 75,000 and non-fatal accidents 5 to 7.5 million per year for the entire workforce in India. If mortalities due to all causes were considered for Indian workers in the age group 15-60 years, workplace fatalities contribute premature deaths in this population to the extent of 5 per cent. Many of these accidents are caused in the Metal press industries Because of the Malfunction of machine, carelessness of the operator, etc.
Safety mechanism should be designed and implemented on the Power press machine to ensure the safety of the operator. This work deals with design and fabrication of Safety mechanism for Power press machine and performance analysis of the same.

Beam-like members such as shafts, levers, frame components, beam structures, etc. are regularly designed and constructed in the field of mechanical and civil engineering. It is pertinent to know the structural integrity of the design... more

Beam-like members such as shafts, levers, frame components, beam structures, etc. are regularly designed and constructed in the field of mechanical and civil engineering. It is pertinent to know the structural integrity of the design before construction or fabrication. Beam deflection and stress calculations can be cumbersome and results from commercial simulation packages are not devoid of truncation and/or round-off errors because they are based on numerical schemes. To reduce or eliminate these issues, a computational tool, CABDA, has been designed and developed on matlab. The algorithm is based on analytic equations of beam deflection and bending stress theories; a design flow chart and graphic user interface were done to implement the algorithm. Experiments and simulations have been carried out for steel and brass rectangular beams which were compared with results obtained from CABDA for the same beam model. Average deflection errors recorded for steel beam are-0.4 and-0.015; f...

Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) has been an important tool in the process of automotive product development. Chassis of the automobile are subjected to excitations from the road conditions and due to engine operations during their life... more

Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) has been an important tool in the process of automotive product development. Chassis of the automobile are subjected to excitations from the road conditions and due to engine operations during their life cycle. While designing this component, it should be ensured that it with stand the random vibration loads for the life cycle of the vehicle. The chassis was modelled in solid works and analyzed in ANSYS14.0 where it was subjected to vibration. The behaviors of structural steel, Mild steel, Cast iron gray, Aluminum alloy and Magnesium alloy were investigated under the same conditions. Cast iron gray were found to be the most suitable with maximum deformation of 0.10988m, maximum stress of 9.2398GPa and with least frequency of vibration of 53.961Hz.

3-D printing has entered the consumer market because of recent radical price declines. Consumers can save substantial money by offsetting purchases with DIY pre-designed 3-D printed products. However, even more value can be obtained with... more

3-D printing has entered the consumer market because of recent radical price declines. Consumers can save substantial money by offsetting purchases with DIY pre-designed 3-D printed products. However, even more value can be obtained with distributed manufacturing using mass customization. Unfortunately, the average consumer is not technically sophisticated enough to easily design their own products. One solution to this is the use of an overlay on OpenSCAD parametric code, although current solutions force users to relinquish all rights to their own designs. There is thus a substantial need in the open source design community for a libre 3-D model customizer, which can be used in any design repository to democratize design. This study reports on the design, function, and validation of such software: the Free Open Source 3-D Customizer. It is demonstrated with a case study of the customization of 3-D printable external breast prosthetics. The results showed that novice users can adjust the available parameters according to their needs and save these to a new file on a website. This PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) library is free and open source and has potential for increasing the usefulness of online repositories to enable distributed manufacturing using consumer customized 3-D printable products.

European Union is involving increasing amount of resources on research projects that will dramatically change the costs of building and operating aircraft in the near future. Morphing structures are a key to turn current airplanes to more... more

European Union is involving increasing amount of resources on research projects that will dramatically change the costs of building and operating aircraft in the near future. Morphing structures are a key to turn current airplanes to more efficient and versatile means of transport, operating into a wider range of flight conditions. The concept of morphing may aim at a large number of targets, and its assessment strongly depends on the final objectives and the components where it has to be deployed. Maneuver, takeoff, landing, cruise conditions, just to cite few and very general examples, have all their own peculiarities that drive the specifications the wing shape change has to suit on. In general, an adaptive structure ensures a controlled and fully reversible transition from a baseline shape to a set of different configurations, each capable of withstanding the relative external loads. The level of complexity of morphing structures naturally increases as a consequence of the augmented functionality of the reference system. Actuation mechanisms constitute a very crucial aspect for adaptive structures design because has to comply variable wing shapes with associated loads and ensure the prescribed geometrical envelope. This chapter provides a presentation of the state of the art, technical requirements, and future perspectives of morphing ailerons. It addresses morphing aircraft component architecture and design with a specific focus on the structural actuator system integra‐ tion. The approach, including underlying concepts and analytical formulations, combines methodologies and tools required to develop innovative air vehicles. Aileron is a very delicate region, where aeroelastic phenomena may be very important because of the very reduced local stiffness and the complex aerodynamics, typical of the wingtip zone. On the other side, this wing segment showed to be the one where higher cruise benefits could be achieved by local camber variations. This target was achieved while keeping the typical maneuver functions.

The decline of critical habitat structures, such as large old trees, is a global environmental challenge. The cavities that occur in these trees provide shelter and nesting sites for many species but can take centuries to develop.... more

The decline of critical habitat structures, such as large old trees, is a global environmental challenge. The cavities that occur in these trees provide shelter and nesting sites for many species but can take centuries to develop. Artificial cavities, including nest boxes and carved logs, offer an increasingly important conservation response. However, current methods of designing, manufacturing and deploying such habitats have constraints that limit innovation, feasibility and effectiveness. In response, this article aims to provide new and broadly useable methods that can improve the design of habitat structures for cavity-dependent animals. To address the shortcomings of existing methods, we develop an approach that uses computer-aided design techniques of generative and parametric modelling to produce structures that satisfy stakeholder needs, computer-aided manufacturing techniques of 3D printing and augmented-reality assembly to build functional prototypes, and computer-assisted techniques of laser scanning and data-driven design to support installation, monitoring and iterative improvement of designs. We demonstrate this approach through a case-study project that designs and instals habitat structures for the powerful owl Ninox strenua, a cavity-dependent and threatened bird. Through a comparison with existing methods, our pilot study shows that computer-aided design and manufacturing can provide novel and useful approaches to develop artificial habitat-structures. Computer-aided design finds geometries that approximate the complex characteristics of natural tree cavities and automatically produces new versions to suit diverse sites or species. Computer-aided manufacturing integrates materials that match the performance of naturally occurring habitat structures and facilitates the assembly of complex geometries by non-experts. Computer-assisted techniques produce precisely fitting and easy-to-instal designs, which support gradual improvement through ongoing prototyping and evaluation. These capabilities highlight how advanced design techniques can improve aspects of artificial habitat-structures through geometric innovation, novel construction techniques and iterative exploration. Significantly, computational approaches can result in designs that can perform well, are easy to construct and instal and are applicable in many situations. Our reusable workflow can aid in the tasks of practical conservation and support ecological research by effectively negotiating the needs of both humans and target species.

Morphing Wings Technologies: Large Commercial Aircraft and Civil Helicopters offers a fresh look at current research on morphing aircraft, including industry design, real manufactured prototypes and certification. This is an invaluable... more

Morphing Wings Technologies: Large Commercial Aircraft and Civil Helicopters offers a fresh look at current research on morphing aircraft, including industry design, real manufactured prototypes and certification. This is an invaluable reference for students in the aeronautics and aerospace fields who need an introduction to the morphing discipline, as well as senior professionals seeking exposure to morphing potentialities. Practical applications of morphing devices are presented-from the challenge of conceptual design incorporating both structural and aerodynamic studies, to the most promising and potentially flyable solutions aimed at improving the performance of commercial aircraft and UAVs. Morphing aircraft are multi-role aircraft that change their external shape substantially to adapt to a changing mission environment during flight. The book consists of eight sections as well as an appendix which contains both updates on main systems evolution (skin, structure, actuator, sensor, and control systems) and a survey on the most significant achievements of integrated systems for large commercial aircraft. Provides current worldwide status of morphing technologies, the industrial development expectations, and what is already available in terms of flying systems Offers new perspectives on wing structure design and a new approach to general structural design Discusses hot topics such as multifunctional materials and auxetic materials Presents practical applications of morphing devices. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Beam-like members such as shafts, levers, frame components, beam structures, etc. are regularly designed and constructed in the field of mechanical and civil engineering. It is pertinent to know the structural integrity of the design... more

Beam-like members such as shafts, levers, frame components, beam structures, etc. are regularly designed and constructed in the field of mechanical and civil engineering. It is pertinent to know the structural integrity of the design before construction or fabrication. Beam deflection and stress calculations can be cumbersome and results from commercial simulation packages are not devoid of truncation and/or round-off errors because they are based on numerical schemes. To reduce or eliminate these issues, a computational tool, CABDA, has been designed and developed on matlab. The algorithm is based on analytic equations of beam deflection and bending stress theories; a design flow chart and graphic user interface were done to implement the algorithm. Experiments and simulations have been carried out for steel and brass rectangular beams which were compared with results obtained from CABDA for the same beam model. Average deflection errors recorded for steel beam are-0.4 and-0.015; for brass beam are-0.69 and-0.1 for experiment and simulation respectively. Average bending stress error recorded is-0.19 for simulation. It is observable that simulation results compare closely but CABDA gives exact results and therefore is very appropriate for simple beam problems.

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or... more

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Computer-Aided Thermofluid Analyses using Excel Mohamed Musadag El-Awad

During the practice of industrial design, digital methods are used to support the generation, development and specification of creative three dimensional (3D) form. Despite the increasing capabilities of digital methods, the distinctive... more

During the practice of industrial design, digital methods are used to support the generation, development and specification of creative three dimensional (3D) form. Despite the increasing capabilities of digital methods, the distinctive nuances of current practice continue to use non-digital methods, particularly during the creative concept generation activities. This paper reports on a research project that combined emerging and established digital design technologies to define an approach for total ‘Digital Industrial Design’ (DID) that employs only digital methods (e.g. no pens/paper) with no post-process finishing (e.g. smoothing/painting of rapid prototype parts). The paper concludes that DID has the greatest potential for change and benefit during concept generation, where haptic feedback modelling and monochrome 3D printing have the capacity to replicate some of the qualities of tactile form-giving associated with workshop-based sketch modelling. To maximise impact, the case study was translated into in a web-based resource (http://www.lboro.ac.uk/microsites/lds/did/).

Mixing of high-viscosity liquids (e.g. glycerol–water solutions) is challenging and costly and often requires employing active mixing methods. Two-phase flow micromixers have attracted attention due to their low cost, simple structure,... more

Mixing of high-viscosity liquids (e.g. glycerol–water solutions) is challenging and costly and often requires employing active mixing methods. Two-phase flow micromixers have attracted attention due to their low cost, simple structure, and high performance. In the present work, we investigate the mixing of similar fluids with viscosities equal to or higher than that of water in a two-phase (gas-liquid) slug-flow micromixer, as an economical passive design. Various cases are studied, in which the liquid samples to be mixed are either water or glycerol–water solution. The performance of the proposed slug-flow micromixer is compared with that of a single-phase micromixer with similar geometrical configuration. We demonstrate that mixing efficiencies higher than 90% are attainable for species with viscosities of about 54% higher than that of water (O(10−3) kg m−1 s−1); a result that is not attainable in the corresponding single-phase micromixer. Moreover, a mixing efficiency of more than 80% is achieved at the outlet of the micromixer for solutions with viscosities of 160% higher than that of water.

Calibration curves of a multi-component dynamometer is of essence in machining operations in a lathe machine as they serve to provide values of force and stress components for cutting tool development and optimization. In this study,... more

Calibration curves of a multi-component dynamometer is of essence in machining operations in a lathe machine as they serve to provide values of force and stress components for cutting tool development and optimization. In this study, finite element analysis has been used to obtain the deflection and stress response of a two component cutting tool lathe dynamometer, for turning operation, when the cutting tool is subjected to cutting and thrust forces from 98.1N to 686.7N (10 to 70kg-wts), at intervals of 98.1N(10kg-wt). By obtaining the governing equation, modeling the dynamometer assembly, defining boundary conditions, generating the assembly mesh, and simulating in Inventor Professional; horizontal and vertical components of deflection by the dynamometer were read off for three different loading scenarios. For these three loading scenarios, calibration plots by experiment compared with plots obtained from simulation by finite element analysis gave accuracies of 79%, 95%, 84% and 36%, 57%, 63% for vertical and horizontal deflections respectively. Also, plots of horizontal and vertical components of Von Mises stress against applied forces were obtained.

This paper is aimed at generating element stiffness matrices for the family of triangular elements using Universal Matrix Method and performing a CPU time efficiency analysis and comparison of stiffness coefficients deviation (error). The... more

This paper is aimed at generating element stiffness matrices for the family of triangular
elements using Universal Matrix Method and performing a CPU time efficiency analysis and comparison
of stiffness coefficients deviation (error). The interpolation functions of the field variable
function (displacement) are to be integrated explicitly once and for all when geometric transformation
function is linear, to give the constant universal matrices. This makes the generation of stiffness
matrix a simple addition of universal matrices rather than integration of functions.

Invention of digital technology has lead to increase in the number of images that can be stored in digital format. So searching and retrieving images in large image databases has become more challenging. From the last few years, Content... more

Invention of digital technology has lead to increase in the number of images that can be stored in digital format. So searching and retrieving images in large image databases has become more challenging. From the last few years, Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) gained increasing attention from researcher. CBIR is a system which uses visual features of image to search user required image from large image database and user's requests in the form of a query image. Important features of images are colour, texture and shape which give detailed information about the image. CBIR techniques using different feature extraction techniques are discussed in this paper.