Conservation Ecology Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Veritas University Press

Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in driving economic development, fostering
innovation, and addressing social challenges. This study explores the theoretical
foundations of entrepreneurship, analyzing key frameworks such as Innovation
Theory, Trait Theory, Resource-Based Theory, Institutional Theory, and Effectuation
Theory. It highlights the evolution of entrepreneurship, tracing its historical
significance from early trade to modern economic systems. Additionally, the research
examines the philosophical dimensions of entrepreneurship, focusing on its
relationship with ontology, epistemology, and ethics. The study also evaluates the
emergence of entrepreneurship studies in Nigeria, emphasizing the role of education,
government policies, and institutional support in fostering entrepreneurial activities. It
discusses the challenges faced by entrepreneurs, particularly in developing economies,
and critiques mainstream entrepreneurship theories for their limitations in addressing
gender, cultural, and ethical considerations. By integrating economic, psychological,
and sociological perspectives, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of
entrepreneurship and its impact on business success. The findings suggest that
entrepreneurship is not merely about business creation but also about adaptability,
strategic decision-making, and leveraging opportunities for long-term sustainability.
The study concludes that a multidisciplinary approach is essential for understanding
the complexities of entrepreneurship and shaping policies that foster inclusive and
sustainable economic growth

2025, Environmental Conservation

SUMMARYRural depopulation has different effects on biodiversity and ecosystems in many regions of the world. For large carnivores such as pumas (Puma concolor) the effects are uncertain. An analysis of relationships between patterns of rural depopulation and perceptions of the risk posed by pumas among Aymara people in the altiplano region of Chile examined perceived risk, as well as self-reported losses, in relation to livestock husbandry, sociodemographic variables (age, household size, and residency status), and reported self-sufficiency. There was no evidence that rural depopulation elevated perceived risk, or the level of self-reported losses of livestock blamed on pumas. Indeed, many respondents, including older respondents and those with smaller households, reported a decline in perceived risk over the preceding five years. These perceptions of risk were not associated with self-reported losses to pumas in the previous year. An increase in perceived risk was associated with t...

2025, Science Advances

Parasites face range loss and shifts under climate change, with likely parasite extinction rates of up to one in three species.

2025, IPB Press

Kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) is an edible berry from a woody climbing plant belonging to the family Actinidiaceae. Although the genus Actinidia comprises approximately 75 species, only two have been commercially cultivated on a significant scale: A. deliciosa and A. chinensis. A. deliciosa is characterized by its bright green flesh, which retains chlorophyll throughout the ripening process. In contrast, A. chinensis exhibits golden-yellow flesh due to the partial or complete loss of chlorophyll, earning it the common name "golden kiwi." Globally, kiwi production is dominated by A. deliciosa cultivars, accounting for around 90% of total output, while A. chinensis represents the remaining 10%.

2025, wahyudal ihsan

PENDAHULUAN Biokonservasi merupakan salah satu cabang penting dalam ilmu biologi konservasi yang berfokus pada upaya pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati melalui pendekatan biologis dan ekologis. Dalam konteks ini, biokonservasi mencakup perlindungan spesies, habitat, dan ekosistem dari kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia maupun perubahan lingkungan. Peran biokonservasi menjadi semakin krusial mengingat laju kepunahan spesies yang terus meningkat secara signifikan di berbagai belahan dunia. Menurut laporan Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), sekitar satu juta spesies terancam punah akibat aktivitas manusia (IPBES, 2019). Keanekaragaman hayati memiliki peran vital dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem serta menyediakan berbagai layanan ekosistem, seperti penyediaan air bersih, penyerbukan tanaman, hingga pengaturan iklim. Oleh karena itu, kehilangan biodiversitas tidak hanya berdampak pada kelestarian alam tetapi juga pada keberlangsungan hidup manusia. Biokonservasi berupaya mengintegrasikan pengetahuan ilmiah dengan kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya alam untuk menciptakan strategi pelestarian yang berkelanjutan. Hal ini mencakup penerapan konservasi in-situ seperti pendirian kawasan lindung, serta konservasi ex-situ seperti penangkaran spesies langka di luar habitat aslinya (Primack, 2014). Dalam praktiknya, biokonservasi melibatkan berbagai disiplin ilmu seperti ekologi, genetika, dan teknologi biologi molekuler. Salah satu pendekatan yang berkembang pesat adalah penggunaan data genetik dalam upaya konservasi spesies, seperti analisis keragaman genetik dan identifikasi populasi penting. Teknologi ini memungkinkan pengelolaan populasi yang lebih efektif serta pemetaan distribusi spesies langka secara akurat (Frankham et al., 2010). Selain itu, keterlibatan masyarakat lokal juga menjadi elemen penting dalam keberhasilan program konservasi, mengingat mereka merupakan pihak yang paling dekat dengan sumber daya alam tersebut. Namun, biokonservasi menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti deforestasi, perubahan iklim, invasi spesies asing, serta keterbatasan dana dan sumber daya manusia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sinergi antara pemerintah, akademisi, lembaga swadaya masyarakat, serta komunitas lokal dalam merancang dan menerapkan strategi konservasi yang efektif. Pendekatan transdisipliner dan partisipatif menjadi kunci dalam menjawab kompleksitas permasalahan konservasi di era modern ini (Sodhi & Ehrlich, 2010). Dengan demikian, biokonservasi bukan sekadar upaya penyelamatan spesies dari kepunahan, tetapi juga merupakan bagian integral dari pembangunan berkelanjutan. Melalui biokonservasi, kita dapat menjaga warisan keanekaragaman hayati bagi generasi mendatang sekaligus memastikan keberlangsungan fungsi ekologis yang menopang kehidupan di bumi. Maka dari itu, penting untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan komitmen semua pihak dalam mendukung pelestarian lingkungan melalui pendekatan ilmiah yang terintegrasi dan berbasis bukti.

2025

Penelitian ini menganalisis kesalahpahaman publik Indonesia tentang proses pendaftaran warisan budaya di UNESCO, khususnya dalam konteks konflik budaya dengan Malaysia. Melalui wawancara dengan Prof. Ismunandar selaku Duta Besar/Wakil Delegasi Tetap Indonesia Untuk UNESCO, artikel ini mengungkap perbedaan antara pendaftaran warisan budaya UNESCO dengan hak paten. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar konflik Indonesia-Malaysia dalam hal warisan budaya bersumber dari ketidakpahaman tentang tujuan utama UNESCO yang berfokus pada pelestarian, bukan kepemilikan eksklusif. Hasil penelitian memberikan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif tentang peran UNESCO dalam upaya pelestarian budaya global dan bagaimana Indonesia dapat mengoptimalkan pendaftaran warisan budayanya tanpa harus berkonflik dengan negara lain.

2025

2025, VERITAS UNIVERSITY PRESS

Through a range of perspectives, the contributors to this book address fundamental questions about the nature of entrepreneurship and showcase the richness and diversity of philosophical thought on entrepreneurship. Our contributors bring a wealth of expertise and experience to the table, ensuring that this book provides a comprehensive and authoritative exploration of the philosophy of entrepreneurship. It is hoped that this book will inspire readers to think more deeply about the philosophical foundations of entrepreneurship and its implications for business, society, and human existence.

2025, Journal of Arid Environments

The termite assemblages of three sites of Caatinga under different levels of anthropogenic disturbance in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil were sampled using 65 Â 2 m transects. A total of 26 species of termites were present in the three sites, and 196 encounters were recorded in the transects. The termite assemblages were considerably different among sites, with a conspicuous reduction in both diversity and abundance with increased disturbance, related to the reduction of tree density and soil cover, and with the intensity of trampling by cattle and goats. The wood-feeders were the most severely affected feeding group.

2025

uN pequeño graN problema: Nuevos registros del ratóN Casero eN isla soCorro, méxiCo lópez-Higareda, d., ríos-muñoz, C. a. & león-paniagua, l. s. 2014. A little big problem: new records of the house mouse in Socorro Island, Mexico. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.), 30(3): 711-715. abstraCt. We report new records of the house mouse (Mus musculus) collected in Socorro Island, in the Mexican Pacific Ocean. These records contribute to extend the knowledge about the present range and possible causes of the presence of the species in different localities in the island.

2025

Venu Island Wildlife areas, Kaimana, West Papua is one of the places for nesting of Chelonia mydas, Linn. 1758 (Green Turtles) or local name is Jelepi (Koiway tribe). This study was conducted to identify the physical characteristics of the nesting green turtle in the Venu Island Wildlife Areas, Kaimana, West Papua. Based on the principal components analysis of the nesting green turtle were found that temperature sand at depth ≤30 cm ( =27.42 C ± stdev 0,47 C), lighting at 11.00─13.00 ( =229.25 lux ± stdev 326.50 lux), building areas ( =3.18 m 2 ± stdev 16,74 m 2 ), and medium sand fraction in depth ≤30 cm ( =39.86 ± stdev 16.11 ) as the main factors for nesting and landing of green turtles. On the other hand, mean of the number of nesting green turtle on each subplot ( =1.52 nest ± stdev 1.12 nest).

2025, Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia

Venu Island Wildlife areas, Kaimana-West Papua is one of the places for nesting of Chelonia mydas, Linn. 1758/Green Turtles/Jelepi. Thus, This study was conducted to identify the physical characteristics of Jelepi nesting in the Venu Island Wildlife areas, Kaimana-West Papua. Based on the analysis of the main components bi-plot of the physical characteristics of the main factors were found nesting and landing Jelepi, among others: Temperature sand at depth ≤30 cm (X =27.42 C ± stdev 0,47 C), lighting at 11.0013.00 (X =229.25lux ± stdev 326.50lux), building areas (X =3.18 m2 ± stdev 16,74 m2), medium sand fraction in depth ≤30 cm (X =39.86 ± stdev 16.11), and the number of holes nesting Jelepi (X =1.52 nest ± stdev 1.12 nest).

2025, Biological Conservation

Global biodiversity is declining rapidly, posing a severe threat to ecosystem functions and services. Protected Areas (PAs) can be extremely effective in protecting biodiversity, but conservation gaps arise as a result of poor consideration of land-use change and its impacts, and of integrated planning based on representative ecological indicators. New approaches are available to identify conservation priorities for new comprehensive PAs and ensure that endangered species are effectively protected, we used the Habitat Quality module in the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model, and the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model to assess a protected area in Xishuangbanna tropical area, China. The results revealed unprotected biodiversity hotspots occupying a total area of 4669.60 km 2 , or 24.37% of the total area of Xishuangbanna, including a key conservation gap of 1228.85 km 2 (6.08% of total area). The conservation priorities outside PAs were mainly distributed in north-east Xishuangbanna, followed by the south-east (scattered distribution). This indicates that existing PAs do not offer adequate protection for local biodiversity. Our combined modeling (MaxEnt-InVEST) framework proved successful in creating maps of conservation gaps of biodiversity hotspots based on actual species distribution data and can consider current land uses. For well-targeted organized planning in local PAs, obligations and objectives of international agreements need to be met and scientific interventions for protecting key habitats of the endangered species need to be delineated. We also identified a need for incorporating reliable monitoring and management networks into global biodiversity assessment and conservation.

2025, Journal of entomology and zoology studies

Wading birds are very vital creature; they belong to order Charadriiformes and have 13 families worldwide. Most of the waders are migratory however some do not migrate but live in tropical countries including Pakistan. This study is reported for the first time which is based on eight species of waders (Aves: Charadrii) occurring in Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan (lies 24 56' and longitude 67 11'). Their Ecology and Morphometrics of diagnostic characteristics (body length, beak, fore limbs, hind limbs, body weight and tail length) were studied. They showed different shapes, sizes, colors along diverse anatomical and biological differences. Total 97 specimens of wading birds comprising 68 females and 29 males were captured from February to October 2017. They were sorted out into four families (Ardeidae, Recurvirostridae, charadridae and Rallidae) and eight species Black winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus), Pond heron (Ardeola grayii), Intermediate egret (Ardea intermedia); Common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus); Grey heron (Ardea cineria); Cattle egret (Bubulcus iris), Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), Red-wattled lapwing (Vanellus indicus). Collection was made from four sites ponds, river bank, canals and wetlands along with live analysis.

2025, Journal of entomology and zoology studies

Praying mantids are famous as pitiless predators and they attack surprisingly within seconds hence called as ambush predator. The biology of Praying mantids has been discussed quite rare; therefore, present study was designed behind the assortment and identification of Oothecae, collected from various localities of Sindh during May to November 2013-2015. The morphometrics results identified 45 specimens and 23 Oothecae of T. attenuata generally in the laboratory, field and in green house. The total number of hatchings 232.8 ± 18.33 and birth rate% 71.23 ± 12.77 were counted whose total length and width 17.84±0.49mm and 11.84±0.42mm was measured. The first nymphal stage was measured about 11.00 ± 0.25mm in length with a total duration of 12.6 ± 1.14 days; however, the fifth nymphal stage was measured about 57.10 ± 1.89 mm in length with a total duration of 53.2 ± 1.78 days. Highest mortality was recorded between 1 st to 3 rd instars. Female survived 165.4 ± 08.10 days and has elongated longevity than male. Both, temperature and humidity were measured by Digital Thermal hygrometer TH302. Photographs were captured by digital Samsung 14.5 mixa pixel camera.

2025, Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-512. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 74 p. (Quigley, Thomas M., ed.; Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: scientific assessment)

The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project was initiated by the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management to respond to several critical issues including, but not limited to, forest and rangeland health, anadromous fish concerns, terrestrial species viability concerns, and the recent decline in traditional commodity flows. The charter given to the project was to develop a scientifically sound, ecosystem-based strategy for managing the lands of the interior Columbia River basin administered by the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management. The Science Integration Team was organized to develop a framework for ecosystem management, an assessment of the socioeconomic and biophysical systems in the basin, and an evaluation of alternative management strategies. This paper is one in a series of papers developed as background material for the framework, assessment, or evaluation of alternatives. It provides more detail than was possible to disclose directly in the primary documents. The Science Integration Team, although organized functionally, worked hard at integrating the approaches, analyses, and conclusions. It is the collective effort of team members that provides depth and understanding to the work of the project. The Science Integration Team leadership included deputy team leaders Russel Graham and Sylvia Arbelbide; landscape ecology-

2025

The brief study on diversity of microchiroptera was carried out at UNIMAS campus from 14 August 2010 to 10 December 2010. This study was conducted at two sites; rubber plot of Kampung Sebayor (site A) and peat swamp area in UNIMAS east campus (site B). A total of fourteen individuals from nine species were captured using five harp traps and ten mist nets. Kerivoula hardwickii and Tylonycteris robustula were the most frequently captured from both areas. A preliminary investigation on the morphometric variation also done to show relationship between 25 individuals from five species within the same family which were Hipposideros larvatus, H. bic%r, H. cervinus, H. galeritus and H. diadema. A total of 22 characters comprised of external, cranial and dental measurements used to discriminate each species respectively. This study showed the species had clear separation in the Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and based on Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), forearm and canine molar l...

2025, Socialscientia Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities

This study explores the profound role of African traditional "juju" practices in safeguarding blue ecosystems in Cross River State, Nigeria. Traditional beliefs and rituals, deeply rooted in the reverence for water spirits, have long played a vital role in the conservation of marine and freshwater environments in the region. These practices, embedded in the cultural fabric of local communities, include sacred rituals, taboos, and reverence for deities associated with water bodies. These elements of traditional juju have effectively limited human exploitation of rivers, lakes, and coastal areas, ensuring the preservation of vital blue ecosystems. The study aims to identify the various water spirits and associated rituals that contribute to the protection of aquatic ecosystems and assess their socio-cultural significance. Through ethnographic research, interviews with traditional custodians, and field observations, this study uncovers the intricate relationship between spiritual practices and environmental conservation in Cross River State. The findings reveal that the belief in water spirits, such as the revered "Mammy Water," along with other sacred entities, compels local communities to protect water bodies from pollution and overuse, maintaining ecological balance. Moreover, the research highlights how sacred forests and groves, often found near these bodies of water, serve as sanctuaries for biodiversity and are protected from human encroachment due to strong spiritual prohibitions. Some of the identified water spirits included; Anansa, Afia-anwan Idem Iboku among others. These areas remain untouched because of the fear of invoking the wrath of water spirits or violating ancient taboos. The study also examines the challenges and opportunities of integrating these traditional conservation methods with modern environmental policies, recognizing the potential of blending indigenous knowledge systems with scientific approaches. In conclusion, the role of African traditional juju in protecting blue ecosystems is both significant and underappreciated. This study advocates for a greater understanding and incorporation of these cultural practices into contemporary conservation strategies, as they offer sustainable and community-driven solutions to environmental challenges. The preservation of blue ecosystems in Cross River State, through the power of spiritual reverence, represents a model of conservation that harmonizes culture and nature.

2025

Frugivorous carnivores like civets consume fruits of many species and play an important role in their seed dispersal by virtue of depositing their scats farther away from the parent tree. This study was conducted to understand the role of the common palm civet in affecting the seed germination rate of three plant species (i.e. Syzygium cumini, Phoenix sylvestris and Ficus racemosa) in a tropical moist deciduous forest. We collected scats of common palm civets in Pachmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary, central India, and monitored the germination rate of these species for 90 days. Further, to understand the patterns of seed selection (if there are any), for seeds of a specific size, we compared the length, width, and mass of the civet-ingested seeds with those of the control seeds. We had to discard the analyses on F. racemosa as none of its seeds in any treatment group germinated even after 50 days. Our results show a differential impact of gut passage: civet-ingested P. sylvestris seeds experienced a higher germination percentage compared to the control seeds, while gut passage did not alter the seed germination of S. cumini. However, seed germination speed (proportion of seeds germinated per day) for both species, P. sylvestris and S. cumini, was faster for civet-ingested seeds compared to their respective controls. Our findings also showed that civets preferred seeds that were shorter in length and width, and weighed less, in the case of P. sylvestris; however, no such statistically significant difference was found for seed selection in the case of S. cumini. Thus, our study shows that civets act as a legitimate seed disperser of plant species and exert a differential impact in altering the germination rate.

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

Un recensement des oiseaux de l'îlot Loop et des îlots du Mouillage (atoll des Chesterfield, mer de Corail) a été fait à l'occasion d'une mission de surveillance du patrouilleur La Moqueuse de la Marine nationale, du 26 janvier au 1 er février 2009. Quatorze espèces d'oiseaux ont été observées sur les îlots, dont dix oiseaux marins nicheurs (puffin fouquet Ardenna pacifica, noddi noir Anous minutus, noddi brun A. stolidus, sterne huppée Thalasseus bergii, sterne fuligineuse Onychoprion fuscatus, fou masqué Sula dactylatra, fou brun S. leucogaster, fou à pieds rouges S. sula, frégate ariel Fregata ariel, frégate du Pacifique F. minor), un oiseau marin apparemment non nicheur au moment de la mission (sterne à nuque noire S. sumatrana), deux limicoles (tournepierre Arenaria interpres et chevalier Tringa incana) et le râle à bandes Gallirallus philippensis. Le puffin fouquet était abondant en mer, dans le lagon sud-ouest de la grande terre et dans la mer de Corail, mais absent du lagon des Chesterfield. Différentes observations suggèrent l'importance des îles Chesterfield comme site de reproduction de la tortue verte Chelonia mydas.

2025

Avec plusieurs centaines d'îlots disséminés comme autant de confettis sur une vaste surface océanique et lagonaire, les récifs coralliens de Nouvelle-Calédonie offrent un espace de nidification exceptionnel pour une communauté d'oiseaux marins diversifiée et abondante (chap. 20). Les oiseaux marins constituent l'un des groupes animaux les plus menacés à l'échelle mondiale et leur risque d'extinction augmente plus rapidement que pour tout autre groupe d'oiseaux. Les oiseaux marins représentent de précieux bio-indicateurs des impacts directs et indirects associés aux activités humaines tant à terre qu'en mer, parce que la plupart ces espèces sont longévives et partagent leur existence entre leurs colonies de reproduction à terre (notamment au niveau des îlots coralliens) et la mer (pour leur alimentation et lors des périodes inter-nuptiales). En particulier, leur position de prédateurs supérieurs, au sommet de la chaîne alimentaire marine et leur sensibilité aux modifications et perturbations environnementales, qui affectent les sites d'alimentation et de reproduction, en font des « espèces sentinelles » pour les gestionnaires des espaces naturels marins et insulaires.

2025

Through use of Student’s t-test and comparison of slopes of independent samples, this document establishes growth rates for several E. alabamae subpopulations, and assesses the impact of drought on the Pryor Branch and Moss Spring Pond subpopulations. Coincidentally, the statistics employed are shown to be valuable tools with which to monitor E. alabamae subpopulations.

2025

The theme for the 1989 Starker Lectures concerned uncertainty surrounding forests and forestry in Oregon and the Pacific Northwest. It was a timely theme. Indeed, the uncertainties concerning trade-offs among commodity production and environment and the allocation of forest land, especially public lands, loom large as we enter the decade of the 90's. We invited for the 1989 lectures speakers who would address current issues not in the value-laden terms of the day, but in a more detached and analytical way, an approach that better permits the listener or reader to make judgements based on factual and scientific information. This, we believe, is a proper role for the College of Forestry. Richard Plochmann, professor of forest policy at the University of Munich, describes the evolution of forestry in central Europe from the 18th century to the present. From the severely degraded forests of the 1700's, to the intensively managed man-made forests of the next two centuries, forests and forestry are turning today toward a more naturalistic composition. Don Flora, senior researcher in international trade, examines questions 111 surrounding timbertrade. His research

2025, Ecology and evolution

Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of…

2025

The exploitation and conversion of forest ecosystems is often explained by economists as being the result of an undervaluation of the goods and services provided by the forest. The line of argumentation continues and says that in order to sustain forest environments the goods and services they provide should be valued. However, in their quest to value environmental goods and services, many economists apply valuation techniques which have pre-defined value concepts rooted into the history of one particular culture from which their discipline originates. Applying these techniques in foreign cultural contexts can lead to adverse environmental effects on forests and species diversity. Taking a broader view and recognising economic values as institutions which order socio-ecological interaction allows for a better understanding of the underlying value concepts held in different cultures and creates an understanding of the diversity of institutional arrangements. Instead of replacing indi...

2025, Biodiversity and Conservation

There has been a rapid decline of grassland bird species in the UK over the last four decades. In order to stem declines in biodiversity such as this, mitigation in the form of newly created habitat and restoration of degraded habitats is advocated in the UK biodiversity action plan. One potential restored habitat that could support a number of bird species is re-created grassland on restored landfill sites. However, this potential largely remains unexplored. In this study, birds were counted using point sampling on nine restored landfill sites in the East Midlands region of the UK during 2007 and 2008. The effects of restoration were investigated by examining bird species composition, richness, and abundance in relation to habitat and landscape structure on the landfill sites in comparison to paired reference sites of existing wildlife value. Twelve bird species were found in total and species richness and abundance on restored landfill sites was found to be higher than that of reference sites. Restored landfill sites support both common grassland bird species and also UK Red List bird species such as skylark Alauda arvensis, grey partridge Perdix perdix, lapwing Vanellus vanellus, tree sparrow, Passer montanus, and starling Sturnus vulgaris. Size of the site, percentage of bare soil and amount of adjacent hedgerow were found to be the most influential habitat quality factors for the distribution of most bird species. Presence of open habitat and crop land in the surrounding landscape were also found to have an effect on bird species composition. Management of restored landfill sites should be targeted towards UK Red List bird species since such sites could potentially play a significant role in biodiversity action planning.

2025, Urban Ecosystems

The growing number of urban ecology studies has raised concern about the importance of comprehending the ecological patterns and processes of urban areas in order to manage and plan them properly. In this study, we performed a rapid descriptive ecological assessment of the biodiversity patterns in a neotropical mid-sized urban area from a multitaxonomic approach, contrasting seven taxonomic groups (i.e., vascular plants, fungi, ants, butterflies, beetles, amphibians, birds) in areas with different degree of urbanization intensity. Results of this study show that diversity patterns differ depending on the taxonomic group; thus, it was not possible to generalize specific trends in species richness, abundance, and species composition because each taxon seems to respond differently to the process or level of urbanization. Our results also highlight the relevance of using multi-taxonomic approaches to understand the relationship between biodiversity and urban environments, and underline potential benefits and limitations of using each of the studied groups when considering rapid biodiversity assessments. Based on our results, we suggest the following recommendations when performing rapid biological assessments in urban areas: evaluate as many taxa as possible, choosing the set of taxonomic groups in relation to the objectives of the study, wide the temporal and spatial survey window as much as possible, focus on several biodiversity measures, and interpreting results cautiously, as rapid assessments do not necessarily reflect ecological patterns, but just part of the history.

2025, Lapai Journal of Humanities

How will sustainable farming seek to fulfil present-day food security while conserving environmental resources? Finding equilibrium in food security is challenged by eco-individualism. Using the philosophical method of analysis, this study finds that eco-individualism characterizes the moral dominance of other members of the earth. The study recommends the implementation of the Native-Centric Ecological Model (NCEM), a decolonization practice aimed at restraining eco-individualism. The NCEM is an idea rooted in agroecology that involves integrating native ecological knowledge, social practices, and community engagement in rice farming to enhance biodiversity and environmental sustainability. It will also help improve food security and enhance sustainable rice farming in Nigeria. The study concludes that improving farmers' well-being, increasing community commitment to ecological practices, and supporting biodiversity conservation will promote the well-being of the earth, aimed at restraining eco individualism.

2025, Dialogue and Universalism

This paper attempts to critique the existential philosophy of Martin Buber’s theory
of the “I-Thou” using the Yoruba concept of okun omo iya. The need for the realization
of a sustainable environment has been a point of focus for researchers, scholars, and
government policy makers. The reason for this realization is not far-fetched. According
to a record from World Health Organisation (WHO), one-quarter of all deaths world
wide are attributed to over-exploitation and reckless usage of the environment. This
undoubtedly has caused several human-induced disasters such as floods. The reckless
usage and abuse of the environment is predicated on the domineering tendency of hu
mans towards the environment. Martin Buber, in his existentialist philosophy, argues
that humans should treat their relations as “I-Thou” (as subjects) and not as “I-It” (as
objects). It follows that humans must be considerate in relating with each other such that
fellow humans should not be treated as a means to an end, rather as ends in themselves.
Simply put, fellow humans should not be seen as objects that others can either control,
dominate, or subdue. However, Buber’s existentialist philosophy is human-centered, as
it excludes the non-human entities and as well, failed to explain the relationship that
should exist between humans and non-human entities. Hence, the Yoruba concept of
okun omo iya will be used as a paradigm to remodel and re-configure the existentialist
philosophy of Buber in a way that is environmentally inclusive.
Keywords: Yoruba, Okun Omo Iya, “I-Thou,” existentialism, sustainable environ
ment.

2025, Conservation Ecology

The thesis of this paper is that the "rational fool" syndrome can be applied to mainstream public sector agricultural research that is conducted in a way that is rational in the short term, but acts against its own longterm viability. Historically, a main concern of such research has been to maximize high levels of food production together with low prices to consumers. As a result, mainstream agricultural science has ignored negative impacts or externalities, which has contributed to a crisis of credibility with the general public and politically sensitive decision makers. A long-term strategic research agenda for the public sector is being defined that is new and

2025, Kibiten, Gaston P. (2018). Laudato Si’s call for dialogue with indigenous peoples: A cultural insider’s response from the Christianized indigenous communities of the Philippines. Solidarity: The Journal of Catholic Social Teaching and Secular Ethics, 8(1) Article 4. Available at: https://research...

Picking up from Laudato Si’s suggestion to dialogue with indigenous peoples in line with its urgent call to address the current ecological crisis, this paper interrogates the Catholic Church’s complicity in undermining the cultures of indigenous peoples in the Philippines. It argues that the matter has to be revisited and acted upon accordingly, as this remains a challenge to the relations between the indigenous communities and the Church, including their common advocacy for environmental care. As a case for
discussion, the paper presents an autoethnographic analysis of the Church’s proselytization of the indigenous Kankanaeys of the Cordillera region, focusing on how this process undercut and transformed
the people’s worldview and religion, and eroded their traditional relations with nature. From the autoethnographic case, the paper proposes several lines of action that can be considered in dialogue by the Church and the indigenous Christian communities: a Church-wide formal apology and rectification of wrongs, radical inculturation, integration of indigenous deities and spirits, and shaping up an indigenous Christian ecological ethos. These measures, aside from mitigating the lingering impact of Christian conversion on indigenous cultures, could pave the way towards better partnership between the two parties in today’s environmental politics in the country.

2025, Journal of Applied Philosophy, Vol. 23. No. 2

Nigeria, a West African country, is characterised by a pluralistic society with three dominant faiths: African Religion, Christianity and Islam. Despite being richly endowed with natural resources, the country faces severe environmental degradation. This study explores sacred excerpts from African and Islamic religions to examine their ecological positions in the face of contemporary environmental threats in Nigeria.Using an interdisciplinary research approach, data were collected through focus group discussions and literature review. The findings reveal that human activities, driven by scientific and technological advancements, have led to environmental degradation, contradicting the ecological teachings of the two religions on preservation and judicious use of nature for posterity. The research advocates for a return to environmental conservation and responsible resource management, as emphasised by the teachings of African Religion and Islam. It recommends that traditional, religious, and political leaders promote environmental stewardship among their followers. Ultimately, this study emphasises the need for collective action to safeguard the environment for future generations, recognising it as a sacred entity created by a supreme being.

2025, Ecomedia Literacy Quickstart Guide

This short quickstart guide introduces educators to ecomedia literacy, providing a framework for integrating environmental awareness and media studies into curricula across disciplines. It outlines key concepts, analytical approaches, and learning objectives, emphasizing the interconnectedness of media, technology, and ecological systems. The guide covers topics like environmental ideologies, the ecomedia commons, and the ecological footprint of media technologies. It offers practical examples of learning activities and case studies, demonstrating how to apply ecomedia literacy principles in various educational contexts. The guide also includes a glossary of important terms and suggestions for further reading, serving as a comprehensive resource for educators looking to incorporate ecomedia literacy into their teaching practices.

2025, Conservation Ecology

Introduction ♦ Theories • Materials and Methods • Results ♦ Local Characteristics ♦ Ecological Breadth Groups ♦ Geographic Range ♦ Categorization • Discussion ♦ Conservation Implications ♦ Tests of the Theories ♦ Speculations • Responses to this Article • Acknowledgments • Literature Cited • Appendices ♦ Appendix 1. Site by species data matrix ♦ Appendix 2. Ecological information for the 232 species ♦ Appendix 3. Environmental variables measured and ordination axis positions for the 92 plots ♦ Appendix 4. Details of multivariate methods

2025, MAY COGNITIVE INTELLIGENCE BE AN UNIVERSAL ATTRIBUTE OF ANIMAL LIFE?

In this paper I summarized the main points of evidence showing that cognitive intelligence may not be the attribute of a few superior species but rather recur often in the evolutionary network, when necessary for a better nervous... more

2025, Energy's History

Chapter in Energy's History (Stanford 2025), edited by Daniela Russ and Thomas Turnbull.

2025, Galemys: Boletín informativo de la Sociedad Española para la conservación y estudio de los mamíferos

Se analiza la ecología trófica de la nutria paleártica (Lutra lutra) a partir de excrementos recogidos en el río Francia (Salamanca), perteneciente a la cuenca hidrográfica del Tajo. El estudio analiza los cambios en la dieta, tanto estacionalmente durante un periodo anual completo, como en altitud a lo largo del río Francia en un recorrido de 24,5 km de longitud y aproximadamente 1000 m de desnivel. Los peces son la presa fundamental mientras que el resto de grupos son accidentales. Nueve especies de peces fueron encontradas durante el estudio, siendo la principal Squalius pyrenaicus, seguido por el género Barbus sp., Chondrostoma lemmingii y Salmo trutta. Chondrostoma arcasii es consumida de forma secundaria, mientras Micropterus salmoides, Cobitis vettonica, Squalius alburnoides y Cyprinus carpio son accidentales en la dieta. Dentro de los peces, los ciprínidos son más consumidos en las zonas medias y bajas, mientras que la trucha lo es en los tramos altos. En las zonas donde coexisten truchas y pequeños ciprínidos, la nutria depreda más sobre los ciprínidos. Lutra lutra no parece mostrarse selectiva con la especie de pez sobre la que depreda, sino más bien sobre el tamaño de sus presas y prefiere en ocasiones capturar peces de talla mediana o pequeña a grandes peces, explotando así de forma intensiva más las zonas de pozas que las aguas abiertas. Después de los peces, la presa más importante es el cangrejo rojo americano o de las marismas (Procambarus clarkii), seguido por anfibios y reptiles, principalmente Rana iberica y Rana perezi durante el verano, y la culebra viperina (Natrix maura) en el otoño. Aves y mamíferos suponen un escaso aporte a la dieta, aunque es de resaltar cualitativamente la captura ocasional de rata de agua (Arvicola sapidus) y desmán ibérico (Galemys pyrenaicus). Respecto a la diversidad en la dieta, es mayor en los tramos altos del río que en las zonas más bajas, así como durante la época estival con respecto al invierno, en correspondencia con la disponibilidad de presas en el medio.

2025

Sustainable development of civil societies depends on the sustainable effort of people inhabiting such societies. Sustainable effort however stems from people with firm and stable identity. This makes sustainable development a product of people whose identity is largely dependable. Contrarily however, it means that unsustainable development in civil societies is largely fostered by human identity crisis. In absence of dependable identity therefore, African nations are laden with poor development glaring in poor leadership, poor human condition, poor institutions and structures. Such unsustainable development has in present time fostered mass agitation, militancy, terrorism and unending secession movements. This paper analytically examines human identity crisis and unsustainable development in Africa. It proffers axiological solutions to the conspicuous identity crisis plaguing the larger population of African continent. The study however finds that African identity crisis is a cultural crisis and progressive societies are stable societies with dependable and authentic identity. The paper therefore concludes that solution to African unsustainable development must begin with tackling the continent's identity crisis which is frustrating evolvement of indigenous theories, practice and development efforts of the people.

2025

African philosophy has now joined in the innovative trends and advances in global philosophical thought. But there has been question on whether African philosophical trends and advances are in consonance with general philosophical principles. This paper, using the method of critical analysis, examines African philosophy, its innovative trends and advances in order to determine their congruence with the form and structure of philosophy. The study acknowledges some positive innovative trends and advances in African philosophy. But the study exposes the ambiguity and irrationality surrounding some African philosophical innovative trends and advances. Consequently, this paper determines how these innovative trends and advances in African philosophy can remain consistent with and fit into global philosophical principles. Along this lane, it analytically contends that African philosophical innovative trends and advances still lack originality and essential philosophical qualities. This is as there are abstractions largely borrowed from Western philosophical current and elsewhere that are brought to bear in these trends and advances. This is, too, as African philosophy is not objectively a fierce critique and protector of the African world. The paper, therefore, concludes that African philosophy will be truly African and philosophical when its nature, structure, form.

2025

Identity in African worldview is not as individuated as it is in the West. Whether called "Ubuntu" or "Communalism", the main idea surrounding African identity is one of "community" or "family-hood". What this means is that, the individual person finds his essence or identity from the community and not from himself. The Corona virus or Covid-19 is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in Wuhan, China and spread around the world. It is a virus that is spread mainly by human to human transmission. In relation to the question of identity, the virus attacks individual persons one by one who make up the whole community. From a critical point of analysis therefore, Covid-19 affects the individual in a community and not the community in the individual. This point holds enormous implications for the overall concept of African identity with one of the findings that the individual person is just a person before he is in a community. How the virus affects the individual in the community and what can be done on the part of Africans to mitigate the negative effect both at the individual and community level is what this study seeks to critically examine from the understanding of African identity.

2025

This article presents an investigation into the pivotal role of ecological habitat management in the preservation of the Critically Endangered Bengal florican (Houbaropsis bengalensis). The study was conducted in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and its Buffer Zone area from May 2022 to October 2023. The primary aim was to employ indigenous knowledge for the restoration of degraded grassland habitat and subsequently revive the population of the Bengal florican. Findings indicate that the grassland habitat crucial for the Bengal florican is contingent upon specific grass species, association with grazing herbivores, proximity to water bodies, availability of grains and insects for sustenance, minimal human disturbances, and a partial distribution of bushes within the grassland. This article integrates empirical data derived

2025, NIU Journal of Social Sciences, 10(3), 73-79

This research is focused on Environmental principles and values in Africa: The Christian response. The environment is the habitation of man and all living and non-living things alike. It is being given to man by God to tend and control, however, human activities has greatly impacted it positively and negatively. It is clearer that we live in extraordinary times where human impacts on our environment has been so intensive or so far-reaching negatively. The future of the Earth's system and our society depend more critically than ever on the way we interact with the natural systems around us. Fundamental conditions in nutrient cycling, biodiversity, atmospheric composition and climate are changing rapidly in Africa. Understanding the African environment illuminate not only human-induced problem but tremendous opportunities we have before us for effecting positive change. This discipline draws upon the methods and findings of numerous established academic disciplines, from ecology to geology to chemistry to economics to political science to ethics and religion. This interdisciplinary pursuit stands at the vanguard of the current need to synthesize our increasingly narrow academic disciplines and to incorporate their contributions into a big picture of understanding the African world and our place within it. In the light of this paper, various authors have put forth definitions on environment, environmental justice and principles of environmental, environmental values in Africa via Christian response, African environment and sustainable development principle, the church response on environmental values in Africa. This research made used of analytical method as well as the utilisation of books, journals, internet sources etc., and recommends among others that humans should care for the earth with tenderness for its benevolence and to avert disaster.

2025, Ecology and evolution

2025, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation

The sarus crane, Grus antigone antigone is a monogamous, non-migratory and world's tallest flying bird, prefers open habitat like marsh areas, abundantly irrigated paddy fields, grass land and wetland. The Alwara Lake is a part of village Alwara, which is located in Sarsawan block of Manjhanpur tahsil of Kaushambi district of Uttar Pradesh. This lake is a natural perennial wetland. It is surrounded by agricultural fields and connected to the river Yamuna. The ecological condition of this lake supports the survival of vulnerable sarus crane. The population of sarus crane is decreasing at global level but it is increasing in and around the Alwara Lake since about one decade.

2025, LETTERE DALL'ITALIA - TOMO III

Antoine Laurent Castellan (Montpellier, 1772 – Parigi, 1838) è stato un importante pittore vedutista francese. Di ritorno dal suo viaggio in Turchia e Grecia, egli attraversò l'Italia. Nel 1819 pubblicò, in tre volumi, le sue "Lettres sur l'Italie", illustrate con 50 vedute disegnate e incise da lui stesso. Questa è la traduzione in italiano del terzo volume.