Credit Cards Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Information Retrieval, Artificial Intelligence, Visualization, Decision Making
- by Trust Dhliwayo
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- Privacy, Digital Signature, Internet Banking, Cryptography

Application-level web security refers to vulnerabilities inher-ent in the code of a web-application itself (irrespective of the technologies in which it is implemented or the security of the web-server/back-end database on which it is... more

- by Richard Sharp
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- Computer Science, Tools and Techniques, Web Security, Security Policy

This paper asks, what can account for the rapid expansion and growing profitability of the US credit card industry since the mid-1980s? And, what does this mean to the study of global finance within IPE? It is argued that the advent of asset-backed securities, a financial innovation known as securitization, was the key to the enormous expansion of credit card profits and the continued proliferation and growth of the credit card market in the US. This is because securitization moved credit card receivables off-balance sheet, allowing loan pools to be re-capitalized, lowering the cost of borrowing and increasing revenues from payments on securities issued. This financial innovation attracted non-banks, mostly large MNCs, into the credit card market, facilitating greater integration between finance and the ‘real’ economy. The deepening integration facilitated mounting competition and lower costs of borrowing and was the catalyst for the rapid expansion of the credit card market and its unsurpassed profitability.

- by Kevin Leung
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- Credit Scoring, Artificial Immune System, Artificial Intelligent, Consumer credit
- by Divya James
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- Image Processing, Security, Cryptography, Image Reconstruction
- by rent a house
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- Marketing, Psychology, Consumer Behavior, Self Control
- by Wenke Lee
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- Machine Learning, Learning Model, Fraud Detection, Learning Strategies
- by Raymond Leveillee
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- Urology, Decision Making, Financial management, Humans
- by Carlos Rendon
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- Data Mining, Research Design, Social behavior, Credit Cards

Over the past few decades, the Islamic finance industry has witnessed exponential growth, intensified innovation and fast development in its products and services. This paper discusses the contemporary issues of credit cards from economic and Sharīʿah perspective and explains the implication of an optional interest clause. Islamic finance providers have experimented with different structures for Islamic credit cards, which, however, have attracted wide-reaching criticism regarding the underlying contracts and whether the concept in itself is in line with the Sharīʿah. From an analysis of the different market practices of Islamic credit cards, we notice that Islamic banks are struggling to find an appropriate approach to provide an Islamic credit card facility which is profitable and meets their financial intermediary purpose. We then propose the concept of prepaid Islamic credit cards and the idea of Master Murābaḥah Credit Card Agreement which would be more suitable and generate Sharīʿah-compliant returns. This paper also tackles the issue of consumerism and mounting indebtedness from the Sharīʿah perspective, and calls for restrictions and control by Islamic credit card issuers including limiting credits and blocking non-Sharīʿah compliant usages.

This research investigates eBay auction features that influence auction outcomes: likelihood of transaction or whether the item was actually sold in the auction (auction success) and value of the last bid (auction effectiveness). Specifically, we study several seller options available to the seller to increase the final price and successful end to the auction. We investigate the effectiveness of the term "New In Box" in the auction's heading, the use of an actual or cut picture, the initial price set by the seller, use of a reserve price and acceptance of a credit card in increasing the likelihood of the auction ending successfully, and at increasing the final price. Along with other independent variables, the impact of factors dealing with the auction pictures is examined. Hundreds of auctions (423) for two financial calculators were examined in this study. Findings show that utilization of certain risk-reducing auction features positively influence outcomes of these ...

- by Eugene Bland
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- Economics, Ebay, Newspaper, Online Purchasing

A credit card is a convenient tool that allows you to buy items now and pay for them later. Banking Sector involves a lot of transactions for their day to day operation and they have now realized that their main disquietude is how to detect fraud as early as possible. The credit card has become the most popular mode of payment for both online as well as regular purchase. Credit card frauds are increasing day by day regardless of various techniques developed for its detection. Fraud detection systems have become essential for all credit card issuing banks to minimize their losses. The most commonly used fraud detection methods are Artificial Immune System (AIS), Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Neural Network, Genetic Algorithms, Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine (SVM). These techniques can be used alone or in collaboration using ensemble or meta-learning techniques to build classifiers. The main objective of this paper is to review methodology of different detection methods based o...

- by Nitima Malsa
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- Computer Science, Information Security, Optimization techniques, Computer Security
- by Tim West
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- Applied Mathematics, Consumer Choice, Payment System, Credit Cards
- by David Waller and +1
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- Marketing, Sociology, Psychology, Welfare State

Association rules are considered to be the best studied models for data mining. In this article, we propose their use in order to extract knowledge so that normal behavior patterns may be obtained in unlawful transactions from transactional credit card databases in order to detect and prevent fraud. The proposed methodology has been applied on data about credit card fraud in some of the most important retail companies in Chile.

- by Daniel Cerdas
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- Data Mining, Mathematical Sciences, Fraud Detection, Credit Cards

Growing firms often find themselves strapped for money. A gap in cash is created when bills are paid weeks before cash comes in from customers. The cash gap can be shortened by concentrating efforts on fast moving inventory, implementing a just-in-time inventory model, negotiating extended credit terms to suppliers, and getting cash out of customers through discount programs and credit card transactions. Only after exhausting these alternatives does factoring typically make sense. Factoring provides quick access to cash through sales of receivables. The cash gap is shortened to the extent factoring brings in money earlier than receivables normally would. In general, firms that sell receivables immediately receive a percentage of the outstanding accounts sold. Once the receivables are paid, the factor forwards the balance of these collected accounts to the firm less a factoring fee. This article describes typical factoring arrangements and the costs/benefits of this form of financing...

- by Daniel Borgia
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- Just in Time, Credit Cards, Inventory Model

The Durkheimian divide between “belief” and “rite” remains a contested boundary in the study of religion. In response, this article takes up the concept of “credere,” the root of both belief and credit, to challenge the distinction between believing and practice. “Credere” further opens a new window for inquiry in religious studies: the role of the gift in finance capitalism. Based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork in Colombia, South America, this article challenges the disciplinary margins between political economy and religion. Relations between believing, practice, and finance capitalism are brought into new relief through a focus on gift-giving in a time of credit cards. In Colombia, the relationship between finance capitalism and Christianity reshapes the gift—from a gift based on social obligation to a gift based on credit.

- by Rebecca C Bartel
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- Colombia, Beliefs, Credit, Debt
- by Anthony Saunders
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- Business, Applied Mathematics, Banking, Working
- by Ercument YENIKAYA
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- Banking, Money and Banking, Banks and credit markets, Credit Cards

Credit card fraud is a serious and growing problem. While predictive models for credit card fraud detection are in active use in practice, reported studies on the use of data mining approaches for credit card fraud detection are relatively few, possibly due to the lack of available data for research. This paper evaluates two advanced data mining approaches, support vector machines and random forests, together with the well-known logistic regression, as part of an attempt to better detect (and thus control and prosecute) credit card fraud. The study is based on real-life data of transactions from an international credit card operation.

- by A G
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- Data Mining, Data Analysis, Statistical Analysis, Modeling
- by Lyn Thomas
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- Information Systems, Marketing, Finance, Computer Science

Does the undocumented status of 1.5-generation Latinos (those who migrated at a young age) in the United States affect their political, civic, and public selves? Our approach to this question begins with a theoretical framework based on the concept of abjectivity, which draws together abject status and subjectivity. We argue that the practices of the biopolitics of citizenship and governmentality——surveillance,

- by Jens Schneider and +4
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- Archaeology, Law, Anthropology, United States
- by Wenke Le
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- Machine Learning, Learning Model, Fraud Detection, Learning Strategies

RFID (Radyo Frekansı ile Tanımlama) teknolojisi; günümüzde çok çeşitli alanlarda ve sektörlerde yaygın olarak kullanılan kablosuz iletişim teknolojilerinden bir tanesidir. Bu kablosuz iletişim teknolojisi temel olarak okuyucu, etiket ve anten kısımlarından oluşmaktadır. Çeşitli nesnelere yerleştirilen etiketler, anten sayesinde Radyo Frekansları aracılığıyla okunur. Okuyucu tarafından bilgiler dijital veriye dönüştürülerek sisteme aktarılır ve bu sayede takip, bilgi kaydetme ve kontrol gibi işlemler gerçekleştirilir. RFID teknolojisi; sağlık sektöründen tarıma eğitimden güvenliğe perakende sektöründen hayvancılığa kadar pek çok alanda kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada günümüzde epey yaygınlaşan temassız kredi kartlarında kullanılan RFID teknolojisi incelenmiş ve bu teknolojinin kullanımına bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan güvenlik açıkları araştırılarak bu risklerin azaltılması veya engellenmesine yönelik alınabilecek tedbirler ve yöntemler belirlenmiştir

- by Ümit Güven
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- RFID Security and Privacy, Data Security, Credit Cards
- by Barry Scholnick and +1
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- Risk, Financial Stability, Credit Cards, Market Share

Research on the market reaction to consumer innovations has almost exclusively concentrated on the characteristics and behaviours of the adopters of new products. Non-acceptance of innovations has generally been attributed to the failure of “laggards” to keep up with the times. From a study of the cognitive styles of users of debit and credit cards, three varieties of innovation resistance were identified: rejection, postponement and opposition. It is suggested that innovation resistance can no longer be regarded as a potentially negative aspect of target markets for new goods and services but rather a response based on rational choices. From a managerial perspective the reasons why new products are not accepted, which may be identified from a qualitative research approach, should prove useful in further new product development.

- by Gordon Foxall and +1
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- Marketing, Rational Choice, Qualitative Research, New Product Development
- by Dileep Kumar
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- Wireless Systems, Mobile Systems, Payment System, Credit Cards
- by Tony Bellotti
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- Credit Scoring, Logistic Regression, Feature Selection, Discriminant Analysis
- by amalia popescu
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- Tax Evasion, Credit Cards, Unemployment benefit, Unemployment rate

The issue of credit-card debt among college students has received increasing attention. This study explored factors hypothesized to be causes and effects of credit-card debt in 448 students on five college campuses. Students reported an average of 1,035(SD=1,035 (SD=1,035(SD=1,849) in debt, including students without credit cards or credit-card debt. Lack of financial knowledge, age, number of credit cards, delay of gratification, and attitudes toward credit-card use were related to debt. Sensation seeking, materialism, the Student Attitude Toward Debt scale, gender, and grade point average were not unique predictors of debt. Students reporting greater debt reported greater stress and decreased financial well being. Results highlight the need for comprehensive financial literacy education among college students.

- by Michelle Merwin
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- Marketing, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Applied Social Psychology

Credit card fraud detection is presently the most frequently occurring problem in the present world. This is due to the
rise in both online transactions and e-commerce platforms. Credit card fraud generally happens when the card was stolen for
any of the unauthorized purposes or even when the fraudster uses the credit card information for his use. In the present world,
we are facing a lot of credit card problems. To detect the fraudulent activities the credit card fraud detection system was
introduced.

- by IJRASET Publication
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- Machine Learning, Data Mining, Fraud Detection, Credit Cards

Credit card frauds are on the rise and are getting smarter with the passage of time. Usually, the fraudulent transactions are conducted by stealing the credit card. When the loss of the card is not noticed by the cardholder, a huge loss can be faced by the credit card company. A very little amount of information is required by the attacker for conducting any fraudulent transaction in online transactions. For buying products and services online, the Internet or telephone devices are used. In some cases, the pattern in which transactions are done by the user is the only way through which it is possible to know that the card is stolen. A fraud detection method needs to be applied to reduce the rate of successful credit card frauds. This research work is based on the prediction of fraudulent credit card transactions. In this paper, various techniques for the credit card fraud detection are reviewed in terms of certain parameters.

Government of India introduced the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme in the year 1998-99 to provide timely and adequate credit support to the farmers from formal banking system in a flexible, hassle-free and cost-effective manner. This scheme has facilitated the availability of credit in time and has simplified the procedure for availing loan from banks to a large extent. From the year 1998-99, the scheme has implemented by public sector commercial banks, RRBs (Regional Rural Banks) and cooperative banks in the country. It has emerged as a revolutionary credit distribution system to meet the credit requirements of the farmers in a timely and easy manner. The present paper is aimed to study the " performance of Kisan Credit Card in Himachal Pradesh: An Empirical Evaluation. " The study is empirical in nature and primary as well as secondary data have been used to achieve the objectives of the study. The information regarding the perception of beneficiaries of KCC Scheme has been collected through schedule. In order to examine the perception of beneficiaries towards the credit scenario through KCC, Percentage, Mean, standard deviation, variance and standard error of Skewness have been applied.

- by Stephen Hawk
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- Information Systems, Marketing, Developing Countries, Latin America
- by Dongseop Kwon
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- Wireless Systems, Biometrics, Speech Recognition, Mobile Systems

The goal of this paper is to present a critical survey of existing literature on human and machine recognition of faces. Machine recognition of faces has several applications, ranging from static matching of controlled photographs as in mug shots matching and credit card verification to surveillance video images. Such applications have different constraints in terms of complexity of processing requirements and thus present a wide range of different technical challenges. Over the last 20 years researchers in psychophysics, neural sciences and engineering, image processing analysis and computer vision have investigated a number of issues related to face recognition by humans and machines. Ongoing research activities have been given a renewed emphasis over the last five years. Existing techniques and systems have been tested on different sets of images of varying complexities. But very little synergism exists between studies in psychophysics and the engineering literature. Most importantly, there exists no evaluation or benchmarking studies using large databases with the image quality that arises in commercial and law enforcement applications In this paper, we first present different applications of face recognition in commercial and law enforcement sectors. This is followed by a brief overview of the literature on face recognition in the psychophysics community. We then present a detailed overview of move than 20 years of research done in the engineering community. Techniques for segmentation/location of the face, feature extraction and recognition are reviewed. Global transform and feature based methods using statistical, structural and neural classifiers are summarized

- by Ravi Edirisinghe
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- Psychology, Psychophysics, Computer Vision, Biomedical Engineering

Credit card use among college students has reached unprecedented levels. As a result, there is a movement to better educate college students about wise credit use habits. This research examines the credit information provided by four socialization agents (parents, peers, media, and schools). In addition, it assesses the relationship between these socialization agents and the credit use behavior of college students. Using paired sample t tests, the results indicate that the amount of credit information given by parents is significantly greater than the information received from the other three sources (schools, peers, and media). Correlation analysis indicates that there is a significant negative relationship between the amount of credit information learned from parents and credit use. The more information provided by parents, the lower the outstanding balance carried by college students on their credit cards. Media sources, educational sources, and peer sources of information showed no significant relationship with credit use.

- by Diane H Parente
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- Marketing, Sociology, Informal Learning, Socialization
- by Graham Pike
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- Marketing, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Credit Cards
- by Laura Batson
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- Multiple Intelligences, Game Design, Secondary Education, High School
- by Zeynep Copur and +1
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- Financial Education, United States, College Students, Regression Analysis
- by AKASH GUPTA
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- Real Estate, Macroeconomics, Consumer Behavior, Risk Management
- by Jing Jian Xiao
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- College Students, Credit Cards
- by Joanna Phillips-Melancon
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- Marketing, Relationship Marketing, Retailing, Credit Cards

Credit card frauds are at an ever-increasing rate and have become a major problem in the financial sector. Because of these frauds, card users are hesitant in making purchases and both the merchants and financial institutions bear heavy losses. Some major challenges in credit card frauds involve the availability of public data, high class imbalance in data, changing nature of frauds and the high number of false alarms. Machine learning techniques have been used to detect credit card frauds but no fraud detection systems have been able to offer great efficiency to date. Recent development of deep learning has been applied to solve complex problems in various areas. This paper presents a thorough study of deep learning methods for the credit card fraud detection problem and compare their performance with various machine learning algorithms on three different financial datasets. Experimental results show great performance of the proposed deep learning methods against traditional machine learning models and imply that the proposed approaches can be implemented effectively for real-world credit card fraud detection systems.