Dental Occlusion Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Journal of Chemical Health Risks

Neurofibromatosis is a neurocutanous-skeletal syndrome caused by mutations in the NF1 tumor suppressor gene located at 17q11.2. It has a prevalence of ~ 1:2000-1:3000. The diagnosis of NF is based on criteria outlined by the National Institute of Health Consensus Development Conference in 1987. Cutaneous neurofibromas and café au lait spots are the hallmarks of NF1 on the skin. The oral involvement has been reported to occur in 3.4-92% of adult patients. Usually discrete, non-ulcerated nodules, varying from normal mucosal colour to red or even yellow, they are rarely seen occurring in 2% or possibly as many as 7% of cases. Since NF1 is not curable, diagnosis of such syndromes is of utmost importance such that proper and timely prosthodontic rehabilitation is offered to the patient for long term success of the prosthesis through multidisciplinary management. Dentists should be aware of the possible oral manifestations of neurofibromatosis because some of these lesions may become large enough to interfere with functions of mastication and speech. It is also imperative to put these patients on a long-term follow up for early detection of any possible signs of malignant transformation. Special attention should be paid to oral hygiene and regular follow up. This paper presents the diagnosis and prosthetic management for a case of Neurofibromatosis NF-1 in Recklinghausen disease.

2025, Dental and Medical Problems

Background. Large airway dimensions are associated with a rapid decline in the lung function and a higher risk of hospitalization. Therefore, the airway dimensions of healthy subjects who tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Objectives. The objectives of this study were to measure the upper airway dimensions and the craniofacial skeletal parameters in patients who tested positive for COVID-19, to compare the upper airway dimensions and the craniofacial skeletal parameters between patients who developed no/mild symptoms and those with moderate-severe COVID-19 symptoms, and to assess any association of the skeletal relationships (anteroposterior (AP) and vertical) and the upper airway dimensions with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms in adult subjects. A total of 204 orthodontic patients who tested positive for COVID-19 were evaluated. Of these, only 137 met the inclusion criteria. The sample was further subdivided into 2 groups based on the severity of symptoms: cases (moderate-severe symptoms; n = 56); and controls (asymptomatic/mild symptoms; n = 81). The upper airway dimensions and the skeletal parameters were measured on lateral cephalograms. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to detect differences between the cases and the controls. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the studied variables and the severity of symptoms. Results. The cases had a reduced lower face height (LFH) and a reduced perpendicular distance from the hyoid bone to the line connecting the anteroinferior limit of the 3 rd cervical vertebra (C3) and the retro gnathion point (RGN) (HH1) as compared to the controls. Regression analysis revealed a significant association of LFH (p = 0.013), the vertical airway length (VAL) (p = 0.002) and HH1 (p = 0.021) with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusions. The types of malocclusion were similar in the cases and the controls. Patients with reduced LFH and VAL, and a superiorly positioned hyoid bone in relation to the mandible developed more severe COVID-19 symptoms.

2025, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry

Background: This study was carried out to record maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) in pre-school children with different occlusal patterns. Material and Methods: A randomly selected sample of 1085 kindergarten children in primary dentition stage were selected. The age of subjects ranged between 3-6 years (averaged 4.90 ± 0.86 years). The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to molar relationship; flush terminal (n=335; 165 males and 170 females), distal step (n=450; 200 males and 250 females), mesial step (n=300; 150 males and 150 females) molar relationship. Clinical examination involved the record of molar relationship, overjet, overbite and the presence of wearing facets. Occlusal bite force was measured using a hydraulic occlusal force gauge. Results: The means of MOBF for the different occlusal relationship were: -193.47N (± 60.98), 179.20N (±56.80) and 245.11N (±69.45) for flush terminal, mesial and distal step molar relationships, respectively. Significant differences between studied groups were detected (P<0.01; P<0.001). MOBF were higher in subjects with distal step molar relationship, increased overjet and increased overbite. Gender differences were detected in flush terminal and distal step molar relationships. Conclusions: MOBF was affected by the different occlusal relationships. Children with distal step and mesial step molar relationship had the highest and the lowest MOBF, respectively. MOBF was similar in children with/without wearing facets.

2025, The European Journal of Orthodontics

This study was carried out to record maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) among different dentition stages in children and to study the relation of occlusal bite force to weight, height, and gender. A total of 1011 children (500 females and 511 males) aged from 3 to 18 years were examined. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to their dentition stage as the following:-early primary dentition stage (100 males and 100 females, average age was 3.37 ± 0.23 years), late primary dentition stage (104 males and 100 females, average age was 5.86 ± 1.15 years), early mixed dentition stage (100 males and 100 females, average age was 8.15 ± 0.67 years), late mixed dentition stage (100 males and 100 females, average age was 9.97 ± 0.86 years ), and permanent dentition stage (107 males and 100 females, average age was 14.03 ± 2.14 years). Occlusal bite force was measured using a hydraulic occlusal force gauge. The means of MOBF for the different dentition stages were:-176 N in early primary stage, 240 N in late primary stage, 289 N in early mixed stage, 433 N in late mixed stage, and 527 N in the permanent dentition stage, respectively. Gender differences were detected in groups 2, 3 and 4. Height and age signifi cantly correlated with the MOBF in all dentition stage groups except group 1. In conclusion, the MOBF increased with age. Age, gender, and height were signifi cant predictors of the MOBF.

2025, The European Journal of Orthodontics

This study was carried out to record maximum occlusal bite force (MBF ) in Jordanian students with three different facial types: short, average, and long, and to determine the effect of gender, type of functional occlusion, and the presence of premature contacts and parafunctional habits on MBF. Sixty dental students (30 males and 30 females) were divided into three equal groups based on the maxillomandibular planes angle (Max/Mand) and degree of anterior overlap: included short-faced students with a deep anterior overbite (Max/Mand ≤ 22 degrees), normal-faced students with a normal overbite that served as the controls (Max/Mand = 27 ± 5 degrees), and long-faced students with an anterior open bite (Max/Mand ≥ 32 degrees). Their age ranged between 20 and 23 years. MBF was measured using a hydraulic occlusal force gauge. Occlusal factors, including the type of functional occlusion, the presence of premature contacts, and parafunctional habits, were recorded. Differences between groups were assessed using a t -test and analysis of variance. The average MBF in Jordanian adults was 573.42 ± 140.18 N. Those with a short face had the highest MBF (679.60 ± 117.46 N) while the long-face types had the lowest MBF (453.57 ± 98.30 N; P < 0.001). The average MBF was 599.02 ± 145.91 in males and 546.97 ± 131.18 in females ( P = 0.149). No gender differences were observed. The average MBF was higher in patients with premature contacts than those without, while it did not differ in subjects with different types of functional occlusion or in the presence of parafunctional habits.

2025, The Angle Orthodontist

Objective: To assess periodontal parameters in a Jordanian population in individuals with three different facial types. Materials and Methods: Forty-five dental students (ages 20–26 years) with short, average, and long face heights were divided into three equal groups. The plaque index, gingival index, gingival thickness, width of keratinized gingiva, and width of attached gingiva were measured in each group. Occlusal factors, including the dynamic occlusion and the presence or absence of premature contacts were recorded. Differences among the three groups were assessed using Student's t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: No differences were present in the plaque index, gingival index, gingival attachment, width of attached and keratinized gingiva and gingival thickness between the subjects in the three groups studied. None of the subjects in the long face group had canine guidance dynamic occlusion. Conclusions: There were no differences in t...

2025, Journal of Oral Rehabilitation

Objective: This study aims to verify the associations among sleep bruxism (SB), sleep arousal (SA), and concurrent body movements. Material and Methods: Subjects underwent a standard overnight polysomnography test and audio-video recordings. Sleep quality was evaluated according to the Rechtschaffen and Kales criteria, while SA was determined as per the American Sleep Disorders Association criteria. Analyses were performed by an external institution after masking of the subjects' information. SB was assessed based on the presence/absence of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) episodes, which were identified by using electromyography of the masseter muscle. The observed simultaneous movements included lower leg movement (LLM), swallowing, face scratching, head movement, body movement, eye blinking, coughing, licking, sighing, body scratching, lip sucking, somniloquy, and yawning. The LLM was determined visually, as well as through an increase in the tibialis electromyogram signal. Other movements were visually assessed using audio-video recordings. The incidences of all the simultaneous movements were compared between RMMA with intercurrent SA (SAwRMMA; RMMA episode derived from a masseter electromyogram showing more than 10% of maximum voluntary contraction) and SA without RMMA (SAw/oRMMA). Results: Fourteen subjects were included in this study (females/males: 4/10, mean age: 31.5 ± 5.7 years). Among these, LLM, swallowing, body movement, licking, body scratching, and lip sucking were frequently observed in SAwRMMA episodes than in SAw/oRMMA episodes, significantly. However, the non-specific simultaneous movements were higher observed in SAw/oRMMA episodes than that in SAwRMMA. Our results suggest that SB is concurrently activated with LLM in relation to arousal.

2025, The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics

The aim of this study was to introduce rating criteria to evaluate student performance in a newly developed, digital wax-up preclinical program for computer-aided design (CAD) of full-coverage crowns and preliminarily investigate the reliability and internal consistency of the rating system. This study, conducted in 2017, enrolled 47 fifth-year dental students of Okayama University Dental School. Digital wax-up training included a fundamental practice using computer graphics (CG), multipurpose CAD software programs, and an advanced practice to execute a digital waxup of the right mandibular second molar (#47). Each student's digital wax-up work (stereolithography data) was evaluated by two instructors using seven qualitative criteria. The total qualitative score (0-90) of the criteria was calculated. The total volumetric discrepancy between each student's digital wax-up work and a reference prepared by an instructor was automatically measured by the CAD software. The inter-rater reliability of each criterion was analyzed using a weighted kappa index. The relationship between the total volume discrepancy and the total qualitative score was analyzed using Spearman's correlation. The weighted kappa values for the seven qualitative criteria ranged from 0.62 -0.93. The total qualitative score and the total volumetric discrepancy were negatively correlated (ρ = -0.27, P = .09, respectively); however, this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION. The established qualitative criteria to evaluate students' work showed sufficiently high inter-rater reliability; however, the digitally measured volumetric discrepancy could not sufficiently predict the total qualitative score. [

2025, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology

The loss of mandibular molars can result in a maxillary dentoalveolar extrusion, leading to an insufficient interarch space. In severe cases, this space must be regained before the prosthetic reconstruction of the opposite edentulous area. The posterior maxillary segmental osteotomy (PMSO) is a simple but precision technique to manage this problem; without which one can achieve a good surgical outcome but a poor final occlusion. The purpose of this paper was to present a case of PMSO for mandibular implant placement and to discuss the important steps. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006;102:e1-e3)

2025, Acta stomatologica Croatica

There are various different diagnostic and reconstructive procedures that require visualization and analysis of mandibular movements, dental arch relationship and teeth contact outside the patient's mouth. Therefore, there is an indispensable need for a mechanical device that can provide mandibular movements and different jaw relations. One of the major applications of the articulator is the fixation of jaw relations and to ensure their movements so that diagnostic and reconstructive procedures can be obtained.

2025, Revista Cubana De Estomatologia

Introducción: en los últimos años se ha sugerido que los trastornos temporomandibulares pueden estar influenciados por la postura corporal. Objetivo: caracterizar los trastornos temporomandibulares basados en su interacción con las variables posturales. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal en el período comprendido entre febrero de 2011 y marzo 2012, en el cual a 122 estudiantes de 3er. año de la Facultad de Estomatología, se les realizó el examen clínico en dos momentos, primero se examinó la oclusión dentaria y posteriormente se realizó el examen postural. Se aplicó el Test de Krogh-Paulsen para diagnosticar trastornos temporomandibulares. Resultados: independientemente del tipo postural, los principales signos y síntomas encontrados fueron las irregularidades en abertura y cierre y los sonidos articulares, presentes en el 45,1 % y 31,2 % respectivamente. El 40,2 % de los estudiantes tuvo una postura del tipo B, seguida por la postura del tipo D, encontradas en el 29,5 % de los casos. Solo 36 de los estudiantes estaban sanos. El desequilibrio derecho de pelvis fue el más observado, presente en el 48,4 % de la muestra.

2025, Revista Cubana De Estomatologia

Introducción: en décadas recientes se ha sugerido que las alteraciones en el Sistema Estomatognático como las maloclusiones, pueden influenciar completamente la postura del cuerpo. Objetivo: identificar diversas variables oclusales según su interacción con la postura corporal. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en el período comprendido entre febrero de 2011 y marzo 2012, en el cual se seleccionó una muestra de 122 estudiantes de 3er. año en la Facultad de Estomatología, de un universo de 235, sin dientes ausentes por otra causa que no sea el tratamiento ortodóncico. Se examinó la oclusión dentaria y posteriormente se realizó el examen postural. Resultados: los pacientes con la postura Tipo C, o sea con el plano escapular posterior y la cabeza en una posición más anterior, presentaron menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y mayor sobrepase, 2,86; 3,33; 3,40 mm respectivamente. El 40 % de los pacientes tuvo una postura Tipo B. Las interferencias oclusales en lateralidad se apreciaron en mayor medida en 66 pacientes con desequilibrio derecho de hombros y de pelvis. Conclusiones: los estudiantes con postura Tipo C, mostraron los menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y los que tenían la postura tipo E, el mayor sobrepase. Predominaron los pacientes con postura Tipo B y con neutroclusión. Más de la mitad de los casos con mordida cruzada presentaron un desequilibrio derecho de las pelvis.

2025

sistema tónico postural del ser humano, descrito en estrecha interacción con la oclusión dentaria y los trastornos temporomandibulares. Objetivo: identificar los antecedentes de la posturología moderna y los factores que determinan el equilibrio postural del cuerpo, así como la asociación entre las variables posturales, oclusales y los trastornos temporomandibulares. Métodos: por medio del sistema PubMed, Lilacs y el buscador Google se obtuvo la bibliografía impresa y digital, referida la tema y publicada desde 1995 hasta la actualidad. Resultados: la mayoría de las investigaciones sugieren algún tipo de correlación entre el tipo de oclusión, la existencia de signos y síntomas de trastornos temporomandibulares, dimensiones cráneo-faciales y el desequilibrio postural. Conclusiones: Los estudios relacionados con el tema generalmente han sido realizados con un número reducido de sujetos o con pobre metodología, por lo que no son concluyentes en sus resultados. Palabras clave: trastornos temporomandibulares, oclusión dentaria, postura corporal.

2025, PubMed

The aim of the study was to determine the number and the type of the occlusal contacts (strong, weak) with respect to the type of the prosthodontic appliance (fixed, removable, combined fixed-removable) and with respect to the Eichner classification in patients with their appliances being in a good function for a long time. The aim of the study was also to determine the number and the type of the occlusal contacts (strong, weak) with respect to the type of occlusion (canine guided, group function or balanced) and the presence of the RCP-ICP slide. A total of 440 patients with different types of prosthodontic appliances were examined for the antagonistic occlusal contacts using occlusal strips of 11 microm and 50 microm. The average number of occlusal contacts was 10.5 for the upper and 10.46 for the lower posterior teeth, approximately 5 on each side of the tooth arch. The results of the study suggest that the biggest number of occlusal contacts were recorded for the small span fixed appliances (2 on average), the greater span fixed and fixed-removable prosthodontic appliances exhibited 1.6 occlusal contacts, and the removable complete denture exhibited 1.2 contact per the tooth in the posterior region. The number of the hard occlusal contacts was significantly greater in fixed and fixed-removable prosthodontic appliances in comparison with the complete dentures (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the prosthodontic appliances for the weak occlusal contacts (p > 0.05). The overall number of the occlusal contacts, as well as the number of the hard occlusal contacts was significantly greater in the Eichner class I cases (p < 0.05) in comparison with the Eichner classes II and III. The number of the weak occlusal contacts showed no significant differences with respect to the Eichner classification (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of occlusal contacts between the appliances with RCP-ICP slide and where ICP and RCP corresponded (p > 0.05).

2025, Collegium antropologicum

2025, Journal of Dental Research

Oral appliance therapy is an alternative to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for treating the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. However, the ability to pre-select suitable candidates for either treatment is limited. The aim of this study was to assess the value of relevant variables that can predict the outcome of oral appliance and CPAP therapy. Fifty-one patients treated with oral appliance therapy and 52 patients treated with CPAP were included. Relevant clinical, polysomnographic, and cephalometric variables were determined at baseline. The predictive value of variables for treatment outcome was evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses. The outcome of oral appliance therapy was favorable, especially in less obese patients with milder sleep apnea and with certain craniofacial characteristics (mandibular retrognathism in particular). Neither univariate nor multivariate analyses yielded variables that reliably predicted the outcome of CPAP. We conclude t...

2025, Journal of the Irish Dental Association

Pericoronitis is an infection associated with impacted lower third molars that can necessitate the removal of these teeth. The clinical features of this condition are described and its treatment outlined, emphasising local measures. A case of pericoronitis in a 52-year-old patient is discussed, which illustrates the risks and benefits of removal of wisdom teeth; removal can lead to nerve damage, retention can precipitate serious, even life-threatening infection.

2025

Métodos: la asimetría postural y la inclinación del plano oclusal utilizando una platina de fox fueron medidas a través de un análisis fotográfico estandarizado por el software Kinovea 0.7.10 versión 2. Resultados: 18 sujetos de la muestra presentaron ángulo cervical medio occipital-cintura escapular menor (ACMOCEM) a la izquierda con un ángulo mínimo de 87,4°; 4 de ellos mostraron plano oclusal elevado (POE) en el mismo lado, con respecto al plano bipupilar; 11 de ellos lo mostraron elevado a la derecha y 3 de ellos no presentaron inclinación del plano oclusal. 16 sujetos de la muestra presentaron un ACMOCEM a la derecha con ángulo mínimo de 87,13°; 5 de ellos mostraron POE al mismo lado, 7 lo mostraron elevado a la izquierda y 4 no presentaron inclinación del plano oclusal. Los estadígrafos utilizados fueron media y desviación estándar. Conclusión: se concluyó que en niños sanos con asimetría postural existe tendencia a mostrar un plano oclusal más bajo del lado de la inclinación de cabeza supuestamente debido a factores de crecimiento dentoalveolar.

2025

The study objective was to measure dental caries experience in the cleft lip and/or palate population in the West of Ireland by undertaking a retrospective review of clinical records of all cleft patients attending between 2000 and 2016. The main outcome measures were dmft/DMFT index, ethnicity, age, gender, cleft type, medical, social and family history, preventative dental measures provided.

2025, Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

Management of condylar fractures has been the subject of much disagreement and debate. There is no general consensus for definitive treatment. Although there is a growing tendency for open reduction and internal fixation technique, risks and morbidity of the surgical procedure are still a point of concern for maxillofacial surgeons. To reduce potential complications and improve surgical exposure, the transmasseteric anteroparotid approach was introduced. Since 2008, we have operated on 6 patients (7 fractures) using this approach. The technique is easy to learn, provides adequate surgical exposure for open reduction internal fixation, and has few complication rates.

2025, Stomatologija / issued by public institution "Odontologijos studija" ... [et al.]

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence on four premolar extractions for upper and lower anterior tooth size discrepancy (for total Bolton index (TBI=Overall ratio) and for Bolton value (BV)) and to find out the differences of four first and second premolar extractions tooth size discrepancies (TSD). 148 pretreatment dental casts have been examined. It has been determined that upper teeth of 93 patients suited lower teeth sizes (normal TBI - 91.3%+/-1.91), 27 patients had upper teeth wider than lower ones (low TBI<89.39%) and 28 patients had wider teeth in lower jaw (high TBI>93.21%). In this study the influence of four hypothetical first and second premolar extractions (1. all first premolars, 2. all second premolars, 3. upper first and lower second premolars, 4. upper second and lower first premolars) on TSD frequency appearance and size has been estimated. After performing the analysis it was estimated that in normal Bolton index group TSD is more frequent, ...

2025

Purpose This study evaluated whether implant-retained overdentures fabricated using the neutral zone (NZ) technique offer superior long-term oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) outcomes compared to conventional overdentures (CO) and assess the influence of these techniques on denture stability, patient satisfaction, and maintenance requirements. This study involved 29 edentulous patients (14 in the NZ group and 15 in the CO group) who received mandibular implant-retained overdentures with a minimum two year follow up. Two implants were placed in the mandible for each patient, and overdentures were fabricated using either conventional methods or the neutral zone concept, all performed by the same clinician and technician. The OHIP-EDENT questionnaire assessed functional, physical, psychological, and social aspects. Statistical analyses compared pre and post treatment scores as well as intergroup differences. Both groups demonstrated significant post-treatment improvement in OHRQoL (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the NZ and conventional groups in overall satisfaction, functional outcomes, pain reduction, or psychological and social well-being (p > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference was found in prosthesis fracture rates or the frequency of locator replacements (p > 0.05). Conclusions Implant-retained overdentures, regardless of fabrication technique, significantly improved patient reported outcomes. However, the NZ technique did not provide a significant advantage over the conventional technique in long term OHRQoL or prosthodontic maintenance.

2025

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) encompasses pain and functional impairment in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint. The etiology of TMD is widely recognized as multifactorial, involving biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. Among these, personality-related issues are frequently identified as a significant risk factors for the onset and progression of TMD. This study aimed to systematically evaluate and quantify the association between TMD and personality-related issues through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Wiley, Cochrane, and Embase databases to identify relevant studies up to March 13, 2024. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects model was employed for the meta-analysis, with standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) serving as measures of effect size. Study heterogeneity was evaluated using the I 2 statistic, while publication bias was examined using a funnel plot, along with Begg and Egger's tests. Results: After removing duplicates, 827 articles were identified, of which 14 studies met the inclusion criteria for the metaanalysis. The meta-analysis revealed a small but statistically significant positive association between temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and personality-related issues (SMD = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.55). This finding indicates that TMD is linked to elevated personality disorder scores. However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between TMD and personality traits. Conclusion: The findings highlight a weak yet statistically significant positive association between TMD and personalityrelated issues. These results underscore the importance of considering psychological factors in the diagnosis and management of TMD to improve patient outcomes.

2025, International Journal of Oral Surgery

A roentgencephalometric analysis of eight males and four females with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBS) is presented. The patients were 14-54 years of age. Fourteen angular and 26 linear variables were measured and compared with control data. The main roentgencephalometric features were: proportionate increase of the size of the calvarium, protrusion of the frontal and parietal region, low position of the occipital region, increased interorbital distance, increased length of the mandible, mandibular retrognathia due to changes in shape and position of the mandible. The suggestion of a characteristic craniofacial morphology as a part of the syndrome was substantiated. Together with other skeletal aberrations the roentgencephalometric findings seemed to indicate that the syndrome is a dysostosis of generalized type.

2025, The international journal of esthetic dentistry

2025, Official Publication of …

Aim This study evaluated whether the occlusal plane measurements on digital photographs were reliable for the reconstruction of occlusal plane. Methods Forty-two subjects (25 female and 17 male subjects, aged 19 to 30 years) with all teeth and Angle Class I participated. Irreversible hydrocolloid impressions were made and the casts were poured in dental stone (ISO Type I) and finally mounted in the S.A.M. 2 "P", articulator (S.A.M. Praezisiontechnik, GmbH, Munich, Germany) by a quick mount face-bow transfer. Lateral digital photographs were taken from a distance of 1.5 m in a natural head position with a subject in erect posture. A Fox plane was placed over the maxillary dental arch. A quick-mounting face-bow was positioned. The angles between the articulator horizontal plane and the occlusal plane (AHP-OP), as well as those between the face bow and the Fox plane (FB-FP) were measured, and the significance of the difference between the means was tested by the t-test (p<0.05). The mean value of AHP-OP angle was 8.56 ± 3.1 degrees and the mean value of FB-FP angle was 8.80 ± 4.2 degrees. There was no significant difference between the male and the female subjects (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between AHP-OP and FB-FP angles (p<0.05). Measurements of occlusal plane inclination from digital photographs could be helpful in future prosthodontic reconstruction treatment.

2025, American Journal of Orthodontics

Cephalometric and visual craniofacial norms based on a native Japun~~.x pop~datiou q/ seventy-two subjects between the ages of 6 and 18 years were compiled. Thesc~ mums were obtained from measurements taken from lateral and frontal cephalograms Norms fix jij?y cephalometric measurements were found for males and females at each ugf between 6 and 18 years. Normal composite tracings at three ages 8. 12, arld 16 years are also shown. These tracings can be used to calculate the norms of an! common cephalometric analysis.

2025, MDPI

Background: The advancement of dental implants marks a significant milestone in modern dentistry, offering an effective solution for tooth replacement while improving both functionality aesthetics. Despite their high success rates, dental implants are susceptible to various complications, including mechanical issues. Among the most common mechanical complications is implant screw loosening and fracture, which compromises the structural integrity of the dental implant and may lead to implant failure. Aim of study: To establish a protocol for managing implant abutment screw fractures by removing the fractured part without compromising the implant or its functionality. Methodology: A case highlights the loosening of implant screws as a critical concern in restorative dentistry. The fractured abutment screw was successfully retrieved using an ultrasonic tip, presenting an effective and straightforward sequential protocol for retrieving fractured abutment screws while preserving the integrity of the implant. Results: Using The ultrasonic tip technique demonstrates a highly significant impact by providing a simple, effective, conservative, noninvasive, and predictable protocol for removing fractured screw abutments from dental implants. Furthermore, this technique enables clinicians to reuse the same implant without causing surgical trauma or imposing any financial burden on the patient. Conclusion: Abutment screw fractures represent a mechanical failure associated with dental implants. Retrieving fractured abutment screw without causing damage to the internals of the implants poses a significant challenge for clinicians, often requiring considerable time and effort to address the underlying cause of the fracture.

2025, URF Publishers

Lipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor composed largely of fat tissue. It is one of the most common of all neoplasms, but its occurrence in the parotid gland is extremely rare. Case Report: we present in this article a clinical case of a lipoma of the superficial lobe of the parotid gland Discussion: The clinical diagnosis of parotid lipomas is difficult since they are most often asymptomatic or, when symptomatic, manifest only as a painless swelling of the parotid gland. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most accurate in preoperative diagnosis. The diagnosis is confirmed by histological examination. In their surgical management, parotid lipomas should be considered as any other parotid tumor since we cannot exclude malignancy. Surgical complete resection should be performed, with preservation of the facial nerve.

2025

Objective. To assess the effect of mould and glass casting temperatures on the biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of two different types of castable glass-ceramic, using existing laboratory equipment and techniques. Methods. Two castable glass-ceramic materials were evaluated. One glass (LG3) is based on SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 -CaO-CaF 2 , and is similar in composition to glasses used in the manufacture of glassionomer cements. The other glass (SG3) is based on SiO 2 -K 2 O-Na 2 O-CaO-CaF 2 , and is a canasite-based material. Both materials were used to produce discs of 12 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness using the same lost-wax casting process as used for metal castings. Mould temperatures of between 500ЊC and 1000ЊC and glass casting temperatures of between 1100ЊC and 1450ЊC were evaluated. The cast discs were cerammed and the biaxial flexural strength determined with a Lloyd 2000 R tester. Results. A significant difference was found for the BFS in the range of mould temperatures evaluated, with the optimum investment mould temperature being 590ЊC for LG3 and 610ЊC for SG3 (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.019, respectively). No significant differences were seen between any of the glass casting temperatures evaluated. Significance. The mould temperature for castable glass-ceramic materials produced using the lost-wax casting process can have a significant effect on BFS. The optimum mould temperature may differ slightly depending on the type of material being used. The glass casting temperature of these materials does not appear to have a significant effect on BFS.

2025, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Purpose: Assess the thermal effect of prosthodontic treatment on the cranio-cervico-mandibular complex using infrared thermography. Methods: The treatment group was composed of adults of both sexes who underwent a prosthodontic treatment in which at least posterior occlusal contacts were added and/or the vertical dimension of occlusion was reestablished. The control group (CG) was constituted of adult subjects of both sexes, with no more than a single missing posterior tooth, excluding third molars. Thermograms were taken of the treatment group with a Flir i7 IR camera both before oral rehabilitation (TGB; n = 33) and two months after treatment was concluded (TGA; n = 19). CG (n = 33) had only one occasion for data acquisition. Results: Statistically significant differences were found when the thermal difference (ΔT) and the health status of the orbicularis oris muscle were compared between the TGB and the TGA groups (p = 0.020 and p = 0.003, respectively). By comparing the health s...

2025, Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey

Fundamento: los trastornos temporomandibulares son el conjunto de síntomas y signos que causan alteraciones dentarias, musculares y articulares en el sistema estomatognático, a causa de factores de riesgo como la oclusión dentaria. Objetivo: caracterizar la oclusión dentaria en pacientes con trastornos temporomandibulares. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en la consulta de oclusión dentaria y disfunción temporomandibular de la provincia Camagüey, desde de enero a julio de 2016, de un universo de 85

2025, J Punjab Acad Forensic Med Toxicol 2020;20(2) ISSN : 0972-5687

Introduction: Identification is the determination of the individuality of a person based on certain physical characteristics that exactly fix the personality. Identifying victims in cases of mass disaster, when limited human remains are present, is quite a challenging task. Usually peripheral extremities of human body are used in estimating stature. In situations where only skull is available, teeth play an important role in personal identification. The present study used Carrea's index in stature estimation using tooth dimensions. Aim: To compare the accuracy of Carrea's method in estimating height of adult human and to evaluate the difference in the accuracy of stature estimation with respect to sides of dentition, gender and different types of dental alignment. Material and Methodology: The study consisted of a total of 200 hemiarches from 100 consenting subjects of the age group 18 to 30 years. For this study, data were collected from undergraduate students and volunteers after taking their consent. Estimation of stature was done using Carrea's Index. Results: When Chi square test was used to test statistical significance in estimating stature using Carrea's index, it was found to be significant with respect to only gender, and not significant with respect to side of hemiarches and type of dentition. The ANOVA of linear regression analysis of height and its predictors (i.e., arch and chord) was tested for statistically significance, chord was found to be more significant than arch. Conclusion: It was concluded that the Carrea´s index is a reliable method for height estimation in arches with normal and crowded dentition, useful for both sexes, although in our study more accuracy in stature estimation was obtained for female subjects than male, and for both right and left side of the mandibular arch.

2025, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

2025, Journal of Prosthodontics

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the level of consensus regarding the definition of centric relation and its clinical use in 7 US dental schools. Materials and Methods: The preclinical and clinical faculty in the departments of prosthodontics, operative, and general dentistry (n ‫؍‬ 137) at 7 dental schools and a convenience sample of fourth year students (n ‫؍‬ 150) at the same schools were invited to complete 2-page surveys regarding the definitions and use of centric relation at their institutions. The faculty and student survey included 6 commonly used centric relation definitions from the 1994 Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms, and provided space for writing in definitions not listed on the form. The participants were asked to identify which definition was used at their school. Results: Return rate was 85% for faculty and 75% for students. Both faculty and students identified a low level of consensus regarding the definition and clinical use of centric relation at their dental school. Numerous definitions are in use at each institution. Extramural practice participation and the number of years since dental school graduation were variables associated with the faculty's choice of definition. The faculty who did not participate in an extramural practice chose older definitions. Dental educators graduating before 1975 selected either the oldest or the most recent centric relation definition, whereas the more recent graduates frequently selected the newer definitions. There were no statistical differences between prosthodontic specialists and nonspecialists in choice of definitions. Three courses identified by the students as having the most influence on their understanding of centric relation were preclinical removable prosthodontics, preclinical occlusion, and clinical removable prosthodontics. The results of this survey suggest that the controversy will continue, because to date there is no consensus regarding the definition of centric relation within the 7 dental schools surveyed.

2025, Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery

Prospective, longitudinal, clinical long-term follow-up study of a homogeneous sample of children affected by hemifacial microsomia and treated by mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Material: Eight patients affected by types I and II hemifacial microsomia were operated on at an average age of 5.6 years with an average follow-up of 5.8 years. Methods: Vertical changes were measured on postero-anterior cephalometric and panoramic radiographs taken sequentially. Results: Angular changes of the infraorbital and nasal floor planes were not significant, showing that distraction osteogenesis starting after 5 years of age did not influence the maxillary skeletal base. Occlusal (plane) cant was reduced by 71 on average following distraction osteogenesis, showing good dentoalveolar plasticity. Mandibular vertical changes showed a gradual return of the asymmetry, with growth in all patients (the ratio between affected and non-affected rami returned by 77% of the correction obtained by means of distraction 5 years postoperatively). Conclusion: Although aesthetic and psychological advantages of distraction osteogenesis are well accepted it should only be applied after careful patient selection and honest explanation of the long-term recurrence by genetically determined craniofacial growth patterns. r 2005 European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

2025, Physis Revista de Saúde Coletiva

Objetivou-se identificar e analisar possíveis implicações de natureza ética decorrentes de inquéritos populacionais epidemiológicos, com base em depoimentos de gestores da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal. Utilizou-se estudo de caso como método de pesquisa qualitativa. Foram 14 entrevistados de 11 estados e do Distrito Federal: nove membros do Grupo Gestor; três, do Comitê Técnico Assessor do Ministério da Saúde e dois coordenadores, um estadual, outro, municipal. Empregou-se a técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Foram identificadas seis ideias centrais: gerar ações que beneficiem a população, pois os benefícios de um inquérito são indiretos; ser utilizado na geração de novos conhecimentos; estimular a elaboração de políticas públicas mais equânimes; proporcionar maior aproximação entre a academia e o serviço; contribuir para que os profissionais revejam as suas práticas; gerar memória, ou seja, registrar em termos epidemiológicos as mudanças nas condições de saúde da população. Para os entrevistados, os inquéritos têm algumas atribuições éticas, como contribuir para a superação das situações de iniquidade em saúde.

2025, Archives of Oral Biology

The muscle was exposed in 12 lightly anaesthetized monkeys so that electromyographic recordings could be made from the superior and inferior heads. The separately recorded activity in each head was initially examined in relation to activity recorded simultaneously in other jaw muscles or to jaw movements produced actively by the animals or passively induced by the experimenter. Subsequently, the reflex effects of stimuli applied to various oral-facial sites were examined. In general, the superior head was active in association with jaw-closing muscle activity and related movements produced by the animal whereas the inferior head was mainly active in jaw-opening. Both heads increased their activity with passively-induced jaw-opening movements, especially if the jaw-opening was combined with a horizontal deviation of the mandible. Both heads showed reflexly-induced excitation and silent periods as a result of stimuli applied to oral-facial sites, the most effective sites being palatal. lingual, labial and buccal mucosa and the teeth, stimulation of which, as well as stimuli applied to mandibular joint and cutaneous afferents, could also reflexly induce silent periods in both heads. The various effects may be related to mechanisms for protection and stabilization of the mandibular joint and masticatory muscles lNTRODUCl'lON

2025, International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry

This study was undertaken to compare the Bolton's anterior and overall ratios among males and females in Jaipur population. One hundred study models (50 males and 50 females) of orthodontic patients were randomly selected from the Department of Orthodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College, Jaipur. The normative data for the mesiodistal widths of males and females were established and the anterior and overall ratios were obtained for both males and females. It was observed that were no significant differences in both the ratios in males and females. Hence, both the ratios were obtained for the sample as a whole. These ratios were found to be similar to the Boltons standard with no significant differences. Therefore, it can be concluded that Boltons standards can be applied to this population irrespective of sex or ethnic background. How to cite this article: Trehan M, Agarwal S, Sharma S. Applicability of Bolton's Analysis: A Study on Jaipur Population. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent...

2025

Tooth wear can occur through erosion, abfraction, abrasion, or attrition. Excessive wear off the teeth can cause esthetic deformity, occlusal disharmony, pulpal damage, and impaired function. Anterior guidance is lost when anterior teeth are severely lost. Such severe tooth wear and abnormalities frequently affect a patient's speech, mastication, and appearance, which in turn affects the patient's lifestyle. Rehabilitation of the compromised dentition is therefore required. Full mouth rehabilitation enhances a patient's health and function by integrating the science of restorative dentistry with aesthetics. This clinical case report discussedthe simplified systematic full mouth rehabilitation approach and management of an attrited dentition which helped the patient to adapt well to new restoration.

2025, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

2025, Revista Cefac

Objetivo: determinar los patrones de articulación de fones consonánticos en sujetos de habla española chilena clases I, II y III esqueletal; comparar las diferencias fonéticas que existan entre clases esqueletales. Métodos: se seleccionaron 54 individuos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión determinados mediante un examen clínico intraoral y a través del análisis de Ricketts, y se conformaron los grupos de estudio de pacientes clases esqueletales I, II y III. Se les realizó un examen fonoarticulatorio estandarizado para determinar los fones modifi cados y el patrón articulatorio compensatorio realizado. Resultados: se observaron cambios en el punto de articulación de fones consonánticos en las tres clases esqueletales, con diferencias signifi cativas en los grupos de fones anteriores y medios entre pacientes clases I y II, sólo en el grupo de los fones anteriores entre pacientes I y III. Entre pacientes clases II y III no se observaron diferencias signifi cativas. Se reportan modifi caciones y compensaciones cualitativamente distintas entre las clases esqueletales. Conclusiones: en relación a pacientes clase I, los pacientes clase II o III, presentan distinto grado de modifi cación en el punto de articulación de fones consonánticos. Las diferencias observadas se relacionan con los patrones esqueletales propios de cada clase.

2025, Clinical Oral Implants Research

Objectives: To compare the electromyographic (EMG) characteristics of masticatory and neck muscles in patients with natural dentition, teeth‐supported prostheses and implant‐supported prostheses.Materials and methods: Twenty‐five subjects aged 40–80 years were examined. Five patients had maxillary and mandibular implant‐supported fixed prostheses; five patients had mandibular implant‐supported fixed prosthesis and maxillary removable complete denture; seven patients had implant‐supported fixed prosthesis (one arch) and natural dentition or full‐arch tooth‐fixed prosthesis (one arch); and eight control subjects had natural dentition or single tooth‐fixed prostheses. Surface EMG of masseter, temporal and sternocleidomastoid muscles was performed during maximum teeth clenching and unilateral gum chewing. Interarch dental contacts were assessed with shim stocks.Results: All groups had similar interarch dental contacts (P>0.05). During clenching, patients with maxillary and mandibular...

2025, Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

Background: The precise recording and transfer of maxillo-mandibular relationships are pivotal in prosthetic treatments. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of four bite registration materials: alu wax, hard wax, polyvinylsiloxane, and bis-acrylic resin, in accurately recording, maintaining, and reproducing the vertical interocclusal relationship on either side of the dentition. Materials and Methods: Thirty subjects within the age group of 20-45 years were selected. The difference in the reading of the vertical distance with the material and at maximum intercuspation is calculated individually for each record on the left and right sides. Results: On the right side, the lowest mean was observed in MIP and the highest in hard wax. On the left side, the lowest mean was observed in MIP, while the highest was in alu wax. Among the four bite registration materials evaluated, Luxabite and Jetbite exhibited the highest mean accuracy scores. Conclusions: Closure on interocclusal record material and bite release produce vertical discrepancies. Waxes showed the most, and bis-acrylic Luxabite and addition silicones showed the least dimensional distortion vertically.

2025

Abstract Background: Well alignments of the teeth in the dental arches achieves good esthetics and stability, and a perfect tooth position provides ideal conditions for good health and optimal care of teeth. However, crowding of teeth is considered as the most common type of malocclusion. Aims: To quantify crowding by assessing the tooth size arch size discrepancy in crowded and non crowded arches. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on study casts obtained from sixty randomly selected students from College of Dentistry– University of Sulaimani in Kurdistan of Iraq with their age ranged from 19-24 years who were divided into crowded and noncrowded groups. For each group cumulative and individual tooth width and arch length were measured. They have been diagnosed and selected according to some specific criteria. Results: The study showed significant difference in the arch length measurement between the non crowded & crowded (P>0.01). No significant difference of the mes...

2025, Journal of Dental Research and Practice

2025, The Angle Orthodontist

Objective: To determine the variation in prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), other side effects, and technical complications during 5 years of sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device. Materials and Methods: Forty patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea received an adjustable appliance at 70% of the maximum protrusion. The protrusion was then progressively increased. TMD (diagnosed according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD), overjet, overbite, occlusal contacts, subjective side effects, and technical complications were recorded before and a mean of 14, 21, and 58 months after treatment and analyzed by the Wilcoxon test (P , .05). Results: Fifteen patients still used the oral appliance at the 5-year follow-up, and no significant variation in TMD prevalence was observed. Subjective side effects were common, and a significant reduction was found in overjet, overbite, and in the number of occlusal contacts. Furthermore, the patients made a mean of 2.5 unscheduled dental visits per year and a mean of 0.8 appliance repairs/relines per year by a dental technician. The most frequent unscheduled visits were needed during the first year and were a result of acrylic breakage on the lateral telescopic attachment, poor retention, and other adjustments to improve comfort. Conclusions: Five-year oral appliance treatment does not affect TMD prevalence but is associated with permanent occlusal changes in most sleep apnea patients during the first 2 years. Patients seek several unscheduled visits, mainly because of technical complications. (Angle Orthod 2010;80:30-36.

2025

Orthognathic surgery is a surgical procedure largely practiced throughout the world for the correction of various maxillofacial deformities. The procedure for correcting a particular deformity will be done after proper evaluation, which includes cephalometric, dental model analysis and photographs. The patient undergoes pre-surgical orthodontic correction for dental compensation, after which surgery is planned. During the last few decades, the profession has witnessed intense interest for the treatment of facial deformities, being widely practiced throughout the world. Orthognathic surgery has become an acceptable treatment plan for patients with various maxillofacial deformities, giving pleasing results. The present study reports the successful treatment method of Class II division 1 malocclusion through orthognathic surgery.

2025, The European Journal of Orthodontics

A peer review clinical trial was undertaken to assess the appropriateness of the advice produced by an expert system designed to plan orthodontic treatment in which the pre-adjusted bracket appliance was to be used. The results showed that the expert system's treatment plans were as reliable as those produced by a group of orthodontists. Two members of the panel actually ranked the expert system's plans more highly than their own.