Design ideation Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Computer Applications in Engineering Education

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into education has the potential to revolutionize how students engage in academic activities and tasks. This research empirically analyses the influence of AI on creative ideation within educational settings to validate AI's role in enhancing human creativity since creative tasks, which inherently rely on human intuition, emotion and divergent thinking, may be stifled by systematic AI tools. The study explores whether ChatGPT can aid the creative process or inadvertently limit human creativity with a mixed-method approach consisting of a randomized controlled experiment with third-year engineering students in which a total of 728 ideas were obtained, along with a structured survey. The results revealed a predominantly positive perception towards AI-assisted ideation; nevertheless, concerns were raised about AI's influence on creativity and innovation. While no significant differences in ideation outcomes were observed between the groups that used AI and those that did not, significant differences emerged between students who had prior experience with ChatGPT and those who did not. Qualitative insights provided a nuanced view of student experiences on blended human-AI ideation processes, shedding light on its advantages and disadvantages in educational practices. This research also underscores critical considerations and potential risks associated with the adoption of AI, suggesting that while AI has a place in educational settings, its role should be carefully calibrated to support rather than stifle student creativity and innovation. From the findings, the study provides practical recommendations and best practices regarding the integration of AI tools in education.

2025, Devleop3D at the University of Warwick

This paper explores a critical paradigm shift in design research during the AI-native era, through the lens of the Ship of Theseus paradox. Drawing from David Bohm's dialectic framework we can examine how iterative replacements of methodologies, collaboration, and ideation transform the discipline's identity and practitioners' agency. Three provocations scaffold the discussion: 1. Ideation & AI: If AI supplants stages of ideation-from exploring the problem space to solution finding-how does human agency and creativity retain their roles as the originator, or do they become curators of cybernetic outputs? 2. Complexity & Oversimplification: How can AI navigate "wicked problems" without reducing reality to deterministic models, or do we accept without fully knowing phenomena and possibility separate from experience as risk based probabilities and data-driven constraints? 3. Human-AI Collaboration: Is collaboration with AI an emergent or symbiotic exchange of tacit and explicit knowledge, or an adaptive surrender to machine logic? The dialogue builds on my 2010 PhD thesis "Using Ideation Tools for Face-to-face Collaboration Within Complex Design Problems," which described designers as "strange attractors" in complex and chaotic systems i.e. design, and how contemporary technology based ideation tools facilitate epistemic agency and mediate complex design problems. Participants were invited to reflect on how to evolve meaningfully with AI's influence-and how to steward its future.

2025, Interdisciplinary Studies of Arts and Humanities

Most design issues are complex, ambiguous, and unique, so facing them requires creating diverse, creative ideas and unpredictable solutions. In addition, creative work involves ambiguity tolerance and anxiety throughout the creative process, which requires designers to accept and deal with these feelings, and this is identified as "ambiguity tolerance." This study investigates the design process's origin and conceptology of ambiguity tolerance. This study was conducted comparatively by examining and analyzing reliable library and Electronic sources. First, it distinguished the concepts of ambiguity, risk, and uncertainty and then defined design, its relationship with ambiguity tolerance in designers, and the relationship of this component with creativity and decision-making. Ultimately, this study addresses the necessity of ambiguity tolerance in designers and the crucial role of psychological experts in providing practical training at design faculties, offering reassurance and support. It also suggests a solution to influence this cognitive-emotional component positively.

2025

It proposes an integrated analysis of how geopolitical, socio-economic and cultural variables are interrelated with tourism, providing a critical evaluation of policies and measures for industries and governments aimed at boosting tourism while promoting the structural transformation of the sector towards environmental, socio-economic and cultural sustainability. The fourth book in the series aims to delve into the governance mechanisms of modern destinations, which face emerging challenges such as sustainability, climate change, the circular economy, and the technological revolution. It will present the main findings and significant theoretical and managerial implications derived from the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary studies included in the volume. In their application in the Mediterranean region, governance fields addressed in this book encompass cutting-edge topics such as: tourism industry metrics, sustainable tourism policies, host-guest interactions, inclusive tourism decision-making, demarketing, the role of the local community for sustainable tourism, local community participation, sustainable tourism and valorization of distinctive local factors, public-private partnerships, territorial governance in protected areas, and community oriented governance. The book is relevant both to academics, and destination managers and policymakers who can exploit reliable data and results related to tourism governance, as well as adopt novel perspectives on the role of tourism governance in dealing with the current challenges of this industry, particularly in the Mediterranean region. Finally, the book is also useful for students who follow undergraduate, masters and postgraduate courses.

2024, Design Expertise Differences and Similarities across Industrial Design, Architecture and Engineering Design

Today, the topic of design expertise is widely discussed in the design research community by scholars from various disciplines, such as industrial design, architecture, or engineering design. While much of the
literature holds examples of educators or researchers who study design expertise within the boundaries of a specific field, we argue that it is important to understand the similarities as well as the differences between
the interrelated, but distinct fields of design, to deepen both the general and domain-specific understanding and further design educations. In this study we adopt principles from the structured literature review (SLR) to
assimilate a large scholarly body of literature on the topic of design expertise a dataset of 117 sources, we identified three distinct contributors to the field of design expertise (architecture, engineering, and industrial
design) and within these, 11 key themes were identified as important for developing design expertise. While all three domains shared a common use of reference to all themes, they differed in having their own distinct
thematic emphasis. Based on our findings we propose three types of domain-dependent orientations within studies on design expertise.

2024, IDA: International Design and Art Journal

Digital technology has changed the face of design creativity. The traditional dependence on paper and pencil is gradually replaced with the digital approach, which uses digital technologies during the ideation stage. This study explores how digital technology influences the graphic design ideation process and outcomes. This study adopts qualitative methodology as it ontologically assumes a subjective stance and is epistemologically constructive in nature. The methods of data collection adopted are interviews and observation. The twenty-eight (28) participants of the study were made of twenty-four graphic design students and four lecturers from two universities in Ghana. It was discovered that participants used digital devices, design software, and the internet during design ideation. The study also revealed that digital technology aids designers in generating a variety of quality ideas which helps in achieving novelty in design. Vector software is crucial for digital concept illustration, but less than half of the participants use it. It was recommended that students should be exposed to vector software for design ideation as constant use of this software will help them develop the fluency required to create digital design ideation with ease.

2024

Taller dado en el marco de Interaction Latin America 2023 donde se entregó una metodología para el Discovery de necesidades y la ideación de soluciones de Inteligencia Artificial y Machine Learning para equipos interdisciplinarios

2024, Design Studies

We investigate the way Post-It notes support creative design team practice, focusing on how they function as cognitive externalisations that, through grouping activities, support categorisation qualities associated with semantic long-term memory. We use a multimodal approach, drawing on ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, which places gestures and interactions with Post-It notes on a similar footing to speech and text. This highlights the role of these interactions in the situational context, as the design team shape and are shaped by them. Following Dix and Gongora (2011), we identify four overlapping functions: informational, formational, transformational and transcendental. We then examine the emergence of concepts and themes through grouping individual Post-It notes, showing how they might be considered nodes in an emerging semantic network.

2024

Weight cycling, or the so-called yoyo-effect, is an unhealthy aspect of eating behaviour. It is hypothesized that being more impulsive is related to more weight cycling. Furthermore, the yoyo-effect is expected to follow from an interaction between impulsivity and weight concern; high-impulsive, high weight concerned eaters might experience the yoyo-effect to a higher degree than low-impulsive, high weight concerned eaters. In the current study, 214 women aged 25-50 were recruited. Weight cycling, weight concern and two concepts of impulsivity were assessed, namely trait impulsiveness and reward sensitivity. It is found that trait impulsive people and weight concerned people show a higher degree of weight cycling. The results do not reveal an interaction between both aspects of impulsivity and weight concern. This study suggests that impulsivity, as well as weight concern, might play a role in maintaining a healthy body weight and reducing the risks of the yoyo-effect.

2024, Proceedings of the XVII Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - SIGraDi: Knowledge-based Design

This paper discusses a course that addresses the integration between generative design and digital fabrication in the context of reconfiguring architectural space. The objective of the course, offered for 3rd year architecture students at the Department of Architecture, Ain Shams University, Egypt, was to design and fabricate interior design elements to be installed within the department lobby. Students worked in digital and physical environments to develop 8 group projects that featured concepts of shape grammars, L-systems, fractals and cellular automata. The potential of the realized projects is discussed in terms of 3D development of systems, contextual generative design, and pedagogical objectives.

2024, International Journal of Architectural Computing

The use of generative systems has been widely investigated in the architectural design process through different procedures and levels of autonomy to generate form.The digression from abstract preexisting notions of vocabulary and rules-even when resulting in emergent forms-to address complex realworld contexts is yet a challenging undertaking.This paper explores incorporating context in the process of designing using generative systems from ideation to fabrication, and explores the relationship between the emergent nature of generative design and the situated act of designing while using generative design tools. A course offered for 3 rd year architecture students at the

2024, Artificial intelligence for engineering design, analysis and manufacturing

Design fixation is a phenomenon with important significance to many fields of design due to the potential negative impacts it may have in design outcomes, especially during the ideation stage of the design process. The present study aims to provide a framework for understanding, or at least probing, design fixation by presenting a review of existing defixation approaches, as well as metrics that have been employed to understand and account for design fixation. This study also describes the results of two design by analogy (DbA) methods, WordTree and SCAMPER, to overcome design fixation in an experiment that involved 97 knowledge-domain experts. The study outcomes are at least twofold: a common framework of metrics and approaches to overcome design fixation in a wide range of design problems and nonintuitive results for DbA approaches in design fixation and other related creativity metrics. The application of WordTree and SCAMPER shows that both methods yield increased novelty compared to a control, where the SCAMPER results are significantly higher than WordTree. It is also found that WordTree mitigates design fixation whereas SCAMPER appears to be ineffective for this purpose but effective to generate an increased quantity of novel ideas. These results demonstrate that both DbA methods provide defixation capabilities and enhance designers' creativity during idea generation.

2024, Techne serien - Forskning i slöjdpedagogik och slöjdvetenskap

In this design and development research, we revisit the term affordance and explore its contribution to understanding and facilitating collaborative designing in educational settings. Collaborative designing requires students to frame the design task and generate their design ideas by constructing the problem and solution together. We focused on various design challenges – that is to say, creativity constraints – during collaborative designing. Our research entailed three design studios focusing on authentic design tasks with supplied resources. The design tasks were a part of the compulsory first-year courses in Craft Studies at a university. The first design studio consisted of workshops in which student teams constructed toys based on children’s drawings. In the second design studio, the teams designed functional three-dimensional textile puzzles for visually impaired children, and in the third design studio, they produced wearable sea creatures for groups visiting the SEA LIFE a...

2024, International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education

The purpose of this study was to analyse the early phase of apparel design process and how professional designers develop their kernel idea by sketching and how visual sources stimulate their ideation. Three designers were asked to design a piece of outerwear while thinking aloud in an experimental design session. The data (i.e. verbal and video protocols as well as material written and drawn by the participants) was analysed with qualitative content analysis and by constructing idea development diagrams. The results indicated variations in the (1) use of photographs as sources of inspiration, (2) emphasis on simplification and association in interpretation and adaptation of these sources, and (3) designers' primary generators. Our findings on how expert designers utilise visual material for example to adapt visual details into their ideas or to envision a suitable fabric could be used to give illustrative examples for students of apparel design.

2024, Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry

This study presents preliminary results of the basic properties of the northern red oak wood as well as the relationship between the properties of the core samples obtained on the live tree and the tested properties. The core samples 5 mm in diameter were extracted from the tree and used for determining the fractometer properties: compressive strength parallel to grain, radial bending strength and braking angle. Using descriptive statistics and multiple regression, the relationship between fractometric parameters and basic physical and mechanical properties of wood determined by destructive methods (wood density, compressive strength in parallel with fibers and bending properties (bending strength and modulus of elasticity). The obtained values of the examined properties of northern red oak are within the limits of the literature data. Statistical analysis has shown that radial bending strength cannot be used as a reliable fractometric parameter in assessing wood quality. On the oth...

2024, The Universal Academic Research Journal

The study focused on examining predictive indicators of improved achievement of students' in Mathematics in Kontagora Metropolis of Niger State, Nigeria. Three research questions and hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted the correlational design with a population of 3,789 senior secondary school two (SS2) students in seven (7) selected secondary schools in Kontagora Metropolis. Purposive sampling techniques was used to select 789 senior secondary two (SS2) students who were preparing to take West African Examination Council (WAEC) from 2018/2019 academic session. The research instrument for this study was a researchers' design questionnaire tagged "Improved Achievement in Mathematics Questionnaire (IAMQ)." Face, content and construct validity were adopted to validate the instrument by three experts, two in Test and Measurement and one in Mathematics Education and the reliability of the instrument was established with split-half reliability method. The reliability coefficient obtained ranged from 0.78 to 0.86 which depict that the instrument was a valid measure of the construct. The data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Findings revealed that adequate concentration, time management and persistent concentration significantly predict students' academic achievement in mathematics. It was recommended among others that workshops, quiz programs and competitions on time management in relationship with the study of mathematics should be held by different schools on the need to invest and manage time properly.

2024, Design and Technology Education

In collaborative design settings, designers communicate and explicate their ideas visually and verbally in order to reach a shared understanding. The verbal exchanges of group members engaged in a joint design task provide rich data regarding the design activities being undertaken by the group members. In addition, sketching and modelling are recognized as essential for designers to examine and produce design ideas at the very beginning of a redesign process. This exploratory case study focuses on collaborative design activities and problem-solution coevolution among the various design disciplines that students engage in during their product design processes. Nine students from three design disciplines (interior design, product design, and graphic design) participated in a workshop providing knowledge about 3D modelling, following which they undertook a redesign task to develop a new 3D form of a detergent bottle. The research data consisted of video recordings and sketches, and the analysis focused on the progress of the design processes and the differences between the groups. The results highlight that the creation of new 3D forms was based on intensive reformulation activities such as setting new problem expressions or modifying existing ones. This kind of redesign task, which presented constraints in terms of developing a new 3D form within the prescribed requirements, served as a good exercise through which to practice co-evolution because it drove the design activities towards a balance of transitions in the problem and solution spaces.

2024

Tez (Doktora) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2014Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2014Bu çalışmada kullanıcı kaynaklı fotoğrafların ürün tasarımı sürecinin erken aşamalarında ilham kaynağı olarak kullanılması konu alınmıştır. Bu araştırma iki ana adımdan oluşmaktadır. İlk adımda yenilikçi tasarım araç ve yöntemleri ile tasarımda fikir üretme sürecinde kullanılan görseller karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu süreçte kullanıcı kaynaklı fotoğrafların yapısı ve özellikleri üzerinde özellikle durulmuştur. Bu adım kullanıcı kaynaklı fotoğrafların, bu fotoğrafların kaynağı ve bu fotoğraflara ulaşmak için izlenilen arama stratejilerinin getirileri gibi iki içi içe geçmiş nedenden dolayı ürün tasarımı sürecinde potansiyel bir ilham kaynağı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmanın ikinci adımında kullanıcı kaynaklı fotoğrafların tasarımda fikir üretme sürecinde kullanılması için atölye çalışması formatında ...

2024

To maintain a circular economy and better sustainability, it is important to minimize the use of synthetic polymers. Nowadays, agricultural and industrial wastes or by-products are increasingly being used as raw materials in industrial processes. It has been determined that agro-industrial wastes have a high potential of cellulose fibers, which makes them an excellent resource for paper production. Recently, potential resources from non-wood raw materials for paper production, as well as cheap raw materials, have become the interest of various researchers. Since our main focus is on the study of thermochromic inks (TC) and the influence of substrate characteristics on their dynamic color change, this paper will examine the possibilities of a commercially available offset TC ink printed on several environmental friendly pressure sensitive labels (PSL) facestock compared to commonly use in PSL production. For the purpose of this study, a commercially available TC ink with an activation temperature (TA) of 29°C was used. The effect of color change, from blue to colorless, was measured through one heating and cooling cycle at several selected temperatures at six different PSL materials. Three fiber-based facestock of PSL used in this research are produced with 15% agroindustrial byproducts, 40% post-consumer recycled paper and 45% virgin wood pulp to form a high-quality natural paper. In addition, one material made from biogenic polymers facestock and two materials commonly used in labels production were used as well. The results of this research show that TC ink printed on alternative materials has a similar trend of color change and may be a good choice. Also, the influence of the color of fiber-based paper substrates on the change of TC color was noticed, which indicates the importance of colorimetric analysis of paper and TC ink before their printing.

2024, Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe) [Volume 2]

This research tries to reflect on the idea of digitally conscious design, from the inception to the manufacturing process of a prototype. A theoretical reflection on the topic is followed by the discussion about the results at two different universities (Alicante and Naples) where students have been proposed a similar assignment: a digitally conscious design of a lamp. In Alicante, the methodological approach was guided by the relation of the ideation process and the use of specific digital fabrication strategies; students were encouraged to develop and rework their designs taking into account the way in which they should be digitally fabricated. In Naples the teaching proposal involved a disciplinary approach; a deep understanding of the digital fabrication processes including the manufacturing limitations of the machinery employed involving a precise geometric control over the design. In both cases, students had to face a real study case of the design and production making use of digital tools. This comprehensive approach implied the consideration of the project as a process making students aware of the difficulties of getting their ideas materialised through digital fabrication and how their designs had to evolve in order to step over the problems encountered in the manufacturing process in different ways.

2024, Information

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

2024, DRS2020: Synergy

The Integral Living Research (ILR) group takes an integral theory, evidence-based design, brings together the disciplines of architecture, interior design, public health, and STEM

2023

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

2023, Artificial intelligence for engineering design, analysis and manufacturing

This paper presents the requirements and needs for establishing a benchmarking protocol that considers representation characteristics, supported cognitive criteria, and enabled reasoning activities for the systematic comparison of function modeling representations. Problem types are defined as reverse engineering, familiar products, novel products, and single-component systems. As different modeling approaches share elements, a comparison of modeling approaches on multiple levels was also undertaken. It is recommended that researchers and developers of function modeling representations collaborate to define a canonically acceptable set of benchmark tests and evaluations so that clear benefits and weaknesses for the disparate collection of approaches can be compared. This paper is written as a call to action for the research community to begin establishing a benchmarking standard protocol for function modeling comparison purposes. This protocol should be refined with input from developers of the competing approaches in an academically open environment. At the same time, the benchmarking criteria identified should also serve as a guide for validating a modeling approach or analyzing its failure.

2023, Information

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

2023, Computers & Graphics

With the growing amount of digital collections of visual CH data being available across different repositories, it becomes increasingly important to provide archaeologists with means to find relations and crosscorrespondences between different digital records. In principle, existing shape-and image-based similarity search methods can aid such domain analysis tasks. However, in practice, visual object data are given in different modalities, and often only in incomplete or fragmented state, posing a particular challenge for conventional similarity search approaches. In this paper we introduce a methodology and system for cross-modal visual search in CH object data that addresses these challenges. Specifically, we propose a new query modality based on 3D views enhanced by user sketches (3D+sketch). This allows for adding new context to the search, which is useful e.g., for searching based on incomplete query objects, or for testing hypotheses on existence of certain shapes in a collection. We present an appropriately designed workflow for constructing query views from incomplete 3D objects enhanced by a user sketch, based on shape completion and texture inpainting. Visual cues additionally help users compare retrieved objects with the query. The proposed approach extends on a previously presented retrieval system by introducing improved retrieval methods, an extended evaluation including retrieval in a larger and richer data collection, and enhanced interactive search weight specification. We demonstrate the feasibility and potential of our approach to support analysis of domain experts in Archaeology and the field of CH in general.

2023

This research investigates the effects of using stimuli, such as patents, on ideation outcomes, through the research questions: (a) What is the effect of stimuli on ideation outcomes? and (b) What is the effect of stimuli distance on ideation outcomes? An experiment to address these questions entails an ideation exercise involving 105 participants generating 226 concepts without or with patents and other resources. Significant findings are: (a) more concepts are generated with patents than without patents, (b) more concepts are generated with patents identified by participants on their own than using pre-chosen patents, (c) more concepts are generated using both patents and other resources than other degrees of stimulation, (d) concepts developed using both patents and other resources have higher novelty and quality than concepts generated without any stimuli, and (e) no significant correlations are observed between the proximity of stimuli to problem domains with novelty and qualit...

2023

Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Contemporary views of an ideation tool

2023, Journal of Mechanical Design

Understanding how designers think is core to advancing design methods, tools, and outcomes. Engineering researchers have effectively turned to cognitive science approaches to studying the engineering design process. Empirical methods used for studying designer thinking have included verbal protocols, case studies, and controlled experiments. Studies have looked at the role of design methods, strategies, tools, environment, experience, and group dynamics. Early empirical studies were casual and exploratory with loosely defined objectives and informal analysis methods. Current studies have become more formal, factor controlled, aiming at hypothesis testing, using statistical design of experiments (DOE) and analysis methods such as analysis of variations (ANOVA). Popular pursuits include comparison of experts and novices, identifying and overcoming fixation, role of analogies, effectiveness of ideation methods, and other various tools. This paper first reviews a snapshot of the differe...

2023, DS 117: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education (E&PDE 2022), London South Bank University in London, UK. 8th - 9th September 2022

Using new and emerging technologies in education can increase student engagement and support teaching methods. However, using any technological tool requires prior knowledge and understanding, especially in education. An online survey was used to gather data on product design students' knowledge of Virtual Reality (VR) technology. As a case study, this survey will examine how the use of Virtual Reality technology can impact the product design development process and design thinking. A questionnaire was distributed to product design students as part of a mixed method approach. Students' views on common design solution development practices and Virtual Reality technology were quantified and analysed through open-ended and closed-ended questions. The survey revealed students' preferred modelling and rendering software, sketching methods, level of detail in sketches, prototyping materials and tools, assessment modes and aspects. The questionnaire also assessed students' knowledge of VR and their perceptions of its utility in product design. In product/industrial design education, high student awareness of technology indicates a bright future.

2023

Nowadays it is accepted that education in architecture, is one of the topics of interest in architectural research. Since the main purpose of education in any field, is providing appropriate learning conditions, and in Iranian architecture schools, architectural education is based on design workshops, this type of research can be argued to be among the most important concerns in architecture. Due to the multidimensional nature of architecture and its relationship with different fields of knowledge, the method of teaching architectural design, compared to other disciplines, requires different needs and special approaches. Especially since design issues do not have a simple and recognizable structure and according to researchers, are ill-structured. This means that architectural design issues cannot easily and completely be defined and designers are always faced with a great deal of ambiguity at the start of a project. Therefore, it is important to focus on what is going on in the form of "design based on desk criticism" in Iranian schools of architecture. Desk criticism, are usually called as “Correction” in faculties of art and architecture. A review of the available sources shows that the traditional way of “correction” in architecture schools is struggling with failures and inefficiencies. Due to its pivotal role, in direct and face-to-face interaction with students, and its other effects, it should try not to ignore the significant differences of students in their distinguished backgrounds. Some experts believe that a good set of corrections should be managed to guide each student in finding his or her personal and distinctive answer to the design question. This study tries to examine educational theories, in the field of educational psychology, to maintain appropriate implications to achieve the components of an effective correction method which in this article is called "guiding critique". This paper can be considered as a qualitative applied research. Data collection in qualitative research utilizes data resources, documentary studies, observations (intervening and non-intervening), in-depth interviews, fieldwork, and if necessary, case studies. The Delphi technique has also been used for predictions. The necessary steps for this included defining the research problem, determining the necessary characteristics of the participants, identifying the candidates for participation and inviting them, determining important factors in consultation with panel members, determining the importance of the factors from the members' point of view and reducing the number of factors, determining the order of importance of the factors and continuing until there is a consensus among them. The result of the research provides multiple solutions from the set of educational implications of constructivist theory in the form of six main chapters in advancing the "guiding critique" in the architectural studio. These chapters included: mental structure, considering distinctions, redefining roles, focus on mistakes, tools, evaluation and measurement.

2023, International Journal of Technology and Design Education

Idea development in the early phases of the design process often involves the transformation of initial concepts into more feasible alternatives. However, this important component of design activity is often under-emphasized in design education, and tools to facilitate iteration of designs are limited. This study investigated Design Heuristics as a tool for the further development of initial concepts created by student designers. In a single session, advanced engineering students created initial concepts, and then used Design Heuristics to transform these concepts into alternative designs. The concept sets generated were analyzed, and eight types of transformations were identified, including the enhancement of aesthetics, features, functions, settings, materials, sizes, organizations, and usability. Design Heuristics supported students' concept development by providing specific suggestions about ways to iterate on their initial concepts. As a result, students explored alternative concepts by producing multiple transformations of their designs, and were more likely to select these transformed concepts as their most creative, unique, and favourite designs.

2023, Techne serien - Forskning i slöjdpedagogik och slöjdvetenskap

2023, Exploring trends and research in countering and preventing extremism & violent extremism

Cover design and publication layout by Rewire Design Cover images are copyright to Hedayah (center image) and stock images ABOUT HEDAYAH Hedayah was created in response to a growing desire from the international community and members of the Global Counter-Terrorism Forum (GCTF) representing 29 countries and the European Union to establish an independent, multilateral 'think and do' tank devoted to countering extremism and violent extremism. Since its inception, Hedayah has evolved into a passionate, driven, and international organization that brings together a vast network of unparalleled experts and practitioners to counter and prevent extremism and violent extremism. Twelve members of the GCTF are representatives of our diverse Steering Board, which provides strategic oversight. As the International Center of Excellence for Countering Extremism and Violent Extremism, we are committed to innovation, neutrality, integrity, diversity, and technical excellence by delivering groundbreaking research, innovative methodologies, and programs. Our approach is to deliver real and sustainable impact to governments, civil society and people impacted by extremism and violent extremism through local ownership and collaboration.

2023, Journal of Threatened Taxa

2023, Informatics

A set of prominent designers embarked on a research journey to explore aesthetics in movement-based design. Here we unpack one of the design sensitivities unique to our practice: a strong first person perspective-where the movements, somatics and aesthetic sensibilities of the designer, design researcher and user are at the forefront. We present an annotated portfolio of design exemplars and a brief introduction to some of the design methods and theory we use, together substantiating and explaining the first-person perspective. At the same time, we show how this felt dimension, despite its subjective nature, is what provides rigor and structure to our design research. Our aim is to assist researchers in soma-based design and designers wanting to consider the multiple facets when designing for the aesthetics of movement. The applications span a large field of designs, including slow introspective, contemplative interactions, arts, dance, health applications, games, work applications and many others.

2023, Sketch as a Tool of Visual Ideation from the Design Perspective

This manuscript examines and explains the role of sketching as part of the creative design process, especially during its concept phase, when the new idea/solution is formed. The main focus of the study is the visual form of ideation, known as “sketching." This thesis also presents examples of practical ideation sketching techniques, analyses them, proposes the scientific explanation of mental mechanics behind them, and provides the perspective of cognitive psychology.
Opening research includes a review of the current understanding and positioning of ideation sketching and the literature that covers the given subject. It validates these findings with an online survey, followed by interviews with twenty experienced professionals in the field of car and entertainment design.
This research is intended primarily for students and creative practitioners of disciplines such as design or architecture; however, the content can likely be beneficial in a broader context despite the resources and examples typical for these disciplines.
Last but not least, the work concludes with a critical evaluation of the research results, addresses the lack of shared understanding and terminology, and proposes a systematic approach to ideation sketching at the level of practical exercises and formal education.
Keywords: Design, ideation, sketching, concept, design research, research for design, creative cognition, cognitive psychology, creativity, education, art

2023, HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business

Teaching web-based communication involves website analysis, website design and webcopy writing, often in multiple languages for different target audiences. Localization and foreign language webcopy writing require training in the area of translation, in addition to other skills related to web communication. Such training might be didactically supported with peer-feedback assignments. Surprisingly few studies in the area of localization/translation and web-based communication report about classroom practice of this kind. Drawing on theory from Educational Psychology, Writing Research in L2 and Translation Studies, this paper explores common notions in peer-feedback research. It discusses peer-feedback and its implementation as a translation training tool in the context of web-based communication with a focus on localization as a form of text production. Student feedback and the revisions performed on its basis are investigated. The data reported here derive from an undergraduate web-...

2023

Large language models like ChatGPT can learn in-context (ICL) from examples. Studies showed that, due to ICL, ChatGPT achieves impressive performance in various natural language processing tasks. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that assesses ChatGPT’s effectiveness in annotating a dataset for training instructor models in intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs). The task of an ITS’s instructor model is to mimic the human instructor by providing an effective tutoring action for a given student’s state. The instructor models are typically implemented as hardcoded rules, limiting their ability to personalize instruction. This problem could be mitigated by utilizing machine learning (ML). However, training supervised ML models requires a large dataset of student states annotated by corresponding tutoring actions. Using human experts to annotate such datasets is expensive, time-consuming, and requires pedagogical expertise. Thus, this study explores ChatGPT’s ...

2023, Balong International Journal of Design

Creative People are known to be different in their perceptions and interpretations of their work problems, depending on the characteristics of the current situation occur (Dorst & Cross, 2001). The creative process that people usually see cannot be seized by any methodology, but the creative people actually implement different types of methods. Methods have flexibility in processes, actions, and appreciations (Roozenburg & Dorst, 1998; Stempfle & Badke-Schaub, 2002). Creative people usually have unique characteristics while doing their job. They need some supportive situations or environments to embrace the imagination as they create an idea of the creative process. Sometimes, the ideas come out in unexpected situations, either in a relaxed situation or under pressure situations. The second stage of creative thinking from the four stages presented by Graham Wallas (1926) is the Incubation Stage which becomes the focus of this research. The need for the incubation stage will be used ...

2023, Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

When facing a design problem, both novice and expert designers tend to rely on a variety of available sources to get inspired during idea generation. Therefore, searching for and collecting diverse stimuli during the early phases of the design process is considered a well-known practice amongst designers. Despite this general assumption, there is no clear empirical evidence on how novice or expert practitioners get inspired, their preferences on various material sources, or how they value such potential resources. A questionnaire for novice and expert designers was developed in order to better understand these issues. The findings indicate that novices and experts alike tend to look for existing design solutions that resemble the problem(s) at hand, potentially neglecting more abstract and distant information. The results suggest that the designers in this survey show a tendency to not fully explore a number of available resources, ultimately leading to hindrances in their creative processes. Further results of this study uncover interesting information strategies of designers which should be considered when developing creative approaches in design education.

2023, Electronic Workshops in Computing

Think aloud studies and protocol analysis are well-known in the field of HCI, but most often these studies focus on usability evaluations, or on the use of technology. Rarely are they used to investigate the behaviour of interaction designers. In this paper, we report on a protocol study with novice interaction designers in Botswana. Participants had just completed the design section of an undergraduate module on Interaction Design that actively promotes a problem-driven approach to the design of interactive products, yet the participants behaved in a way that is closer to a solution-driven approach. The module emphasizes user-centred design, prototyping methods to support design development, and evaluating design detail. Yet participants suggest solutions before exploring the context of use, use prototyping methods to capture, rather than to develop, designs, and do not produce detailed designs. In a problem-solving context, some of these behaviours are typical of novices, but in a design context they are also seen in experienced designers. The results presented here reveal the detail of the approach adopted by these students, and contribute to the wider debate concerning the internationalization of HCI education.

2023, Journal of Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba: Honar-Ha-Ye Tajasomi

Jenny Saville, the Scottish contemporary artist found immediate success in the 1990s due to the depiction of corpulent women on a large scale; depictions that were considered to be a rebellion against the long-lasting historical practice of drawing women according to the ideal constructs of beauty and slim female body. Saville’s works were considered as bold measures in contemporary art, and the updated historical context which was brought by the oversized depiction of the figures linked Saville to keywords such as atypical, inconsistent, and exaggerated. Saville’s figures fall under the category of grotesque art due to the depiction of suspended, amorphous, transplanted, and transgendered limbs. The human body and its vital and physical behaviors play a significant role in Saville’s imagination. The bodies created through grotesque realism are positive entities that delineate a world’s population regardless of their class and have the potential to inject instability in the accepted societal, political, and aesthetic norms. The essence of Mikhail Bakhtin’s notable views on carnival-grotesque disassociates itself from all the monotonous and invariable conventions, arrangements, stable truths, and cliches and provides an opportunity for revision and creation of novel worldviews. This theory provides a fresh outlook through which the works of Jenny Saville can be studied. The main objective of this study is to analyze the latent layers of meaning in Jenny Saville’s paintings which contain the implicit definitions and implications of criticizing the contemporary political, societal, cultural, and aesthetic landscape. Due to their authenticity, these features are studied according to Bakhtin’s views in order to provide an answer for the following question: “How can the elements of grotesque art in Jenny Saville’s works be studied according to Bakhtin’s views?” In terms of type, methodology, and developmental features, the present study is of qualitative and descriptive-analytical type. The findings of the present study reveal Saville’s attempt to pull apart and decentralize all the sumptuous and elegant features of contemporary society through her art. Saville expresses her dissatisfaction with the injustice and inequality in the society through overwhelming hierarchical orders and all that is considered to be dignified. Saville is drawn to expressions such as “mutation”, “transformation”, and “ambiguity”, and seeks the extravagant and bulky depictions of human figures that are comparable to Bakhtin’s interpretation of grotesque body with unique affinity and understanding of the material world. Saville’s recent works feature multilayered and overlapping masses of bodies and distorted limbs, that point to the notion of multiple truths and abundance of signifiers. The figures in her works – which often have elusive dimensions along with transplanted and transitional bodies – are arranged in a way to eliminate the line between creation and annihilation, and to demonstrate the cyclicity of time in grotesque imagination. For Bakhtin, the Grotesque is against the hierarchiacal order, destroying all forms of social and racial classifications, like large figures of Saville, which provokes the audience to question the "policies of beauty standardization" and the "disgust caused by bodies not complying with the standards."

2023, Journal of Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba: Honar-Ha-Ye Tajasomi

In the last few years, the importance of emotional effects in the user experience has stirred some controversy about how to create a multi-sensory experience in products. Surrounding a wide range of products necessitates the creation of a pleasurable experience because interaction with each product creates a unique experience for all users. It can be said, products act as an emotional signal to users, whether designers add emotional features to products deliberately or not. Therefore, anticipation of users' emotional needs and accommodating them with product features, not only plays a crucial role in users' experience but also can be a factor in increasing the level of life quality. Besides, understanding products' emotional features can make a meaningful connection between users and their experience, and ignoring the sensory needs of users can exacerbate negative experiences and eventually take the product out of the production cycle. To wit, studying the sensory needs of users and extracting them in the form of quantitative and qualitative data can prevent future damages. Thus, this research by using the emotional design approach aims to answer this question: is it possible to create a valuable experience in the saffron mill by measuring five sensory characteristics such as pleasure, enjoyment, wish, interest, fascination, or not. Hence for achieving a better answer, two fundamental steps are used in this research; that is combining quantitive and qualitative methods that help to evaluate all test results accurately. In the first step, eight saffron mills were selected for the base experiment and after using by users, their results have recorded as a quantitive table. With this experiment and numerical results, a three-dimensional chart has been created showing products' sensory distances. In the second step to discover users' evaluation, different methods such as laddering questions, user observation, and team interviews has been used. The second step’s results have shown in a table under the name of standards, goals, and attitudes which was a pivotal starting point for creating a product character triangle and designing a new saffron mill. In this part, the new product is evaluated by users and its results have recorded in a numerical table and three-dimensional chart. It should be noted that all the steps of needs extraction have been done by the Pr-EMO method with a three-point Likert scale with three options: I feel, I feel to some extent, I do not feel at all. This study is in the branch of field studies in terms of method and time of data collection. The statistical population of this study has been purposefully selected from people who are very interested in cooking and use more saffron in their food. This research shows that by combining different emotions and creating a product personality instead of focusing solely on the assumed functional features, a more desirable, and lasting experience can be created for users.

2023, Journal of Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba: Honar-Ha-Ye Tajasomi

Instead of simply reiterating previously established ideas and solutions, this article claims that design is a process for creating new concepts and approaches that can transform the world. To put it another way, design can be thought of as a goal-oriented function that aims to change the current circumstances into more desirable and anticipated events. Exploring the nature of design and its connection to science, this research has produced several notable results. The contributers demonstrate the significance of this topic by studying the role of design from many scientific and philosophical perspectives. To represent the most critical aspects of design and reveal the connections between them, this research intends to describe, develop, and communicate the knowledge of design, clarify the relationship between design and science, and look at the place of design in several scientific disciplines.
In the framework of this research, it is supposed to answer the following questions: "What are the most distinguishing features of design from the point of view of theorists in the design field" and “In what areas can these features be investigated?” The current study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical methodology, the data theory of the foundation was based on induction, and the information collection was desk-based - including the analysis of articles, books, and written texts. The research investigates the relationship between design and science from a fundamental view point and presents a theory to clarify this relationship. The foundation's data analysis method creates a written and documented strategy through the systematic gathering of data and their inductive analysis, which was implemented to resolve the research's open-ended questions.
This theory is based on the information gathered and analyzed throughout the study. This research uses the foundational data theory to investigate the area of innovation in the space of science and knowledge, expressing the essential features of design and categorizing them into three groups after studying the research text and critical works in the fields of design knowledge, and design philosophy, and design studies. The group uses open, axial, and selective coding to present a theory utilizing them. As a result, from this aspect, the type of study is theoretical, and the methodology is content analysis, which is based on looking at and inferring themes from the data.
The investigation's findings are as follows: Open coding was used to extract 51 design features. Axial coding was performed on 13 study areas; each feature's position was confirmed, and selective coding was used to determine their relationships with one another. All components were based on similarity. The three groups that make up their research areas are epistemology, nature, and design knowledge. Following the coding stages, this theory states that half of the most significant design features are in the field of design knowledge, which includes the three words proposed by Cross and the two words approach and design research, which represent 24% of all design features.

2023

Developing and teaching method design remain an important component of many product design and engineering courses. Several scholars have shown that the use of ideation methods may result in better concepts. Yet students do not actively use many methods. In order to understand which ideation methods are used by students during the early phases of concept generation, we examined student journals kept during the length of a practice-based course where students worked on tangible interfaces. Students were not specifically instructed to use any specific method. Our study reveals that students use a limited assortment of ideation methods as part of the early phases of concept generation, often restricting themselves to unstructured brainstorms, finding inspiration from existing products and services. Our study raises questions about method use and education.

2023, 2009 Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings