Electric Cars Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Deep Science Publishing

2025, International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education

On road emergency, i.e. tire gets punctured, is a common problem observed in automobile and also it is big headache to driver. Scissor or toggle jacks are one of the best option to overcome this headache. Scissor jack is used to lift the heavy loads in which rotary motion is converted into linear motion. In this Paper, a unique design of scissor jack is compile to lift low as well as heavy load with different conditions. The main purpose and significance of this paper is to design, optimize and standardize the current toggle jack to make the task easier and reliable. Catia is used to develop and analyzed the scissor jack. Mathematical model of design procedure is also made which will suppose to help in standardization of scissor jack design by using MATLAB. The design calculation includes design of Power Screw, Link design, Design of Nut, Pin Design etc. All products from engineering should be versatile with application by maintaining its aesthetics and ergonomics. This paper mainly...

2025, International Review of Psychiatry

By the mid-2020s, Elon Reeve Musk (1971-) became the world’s wealthiest man despite a tumultuous upbringing at the hands of his father Errol Musk. the article utilized attachment theory and psychobiographical methods to tell the story of Musk’s rise to become an archetypal Fourth industrial Revolution (4IR) success story. the study concluded that Musk, whose childhood was dominated by a father whom he described as ‘evil’, may have developed an anxious-avoidant attachment style. On the positive side, this detached mode of interpersonal relating has allowed Musk to make business decisions relatively free from emotional bias. On the negative side, Musk’s standoffishness has often caused friction in his familial and romantic relationships.

2025

It is claimed by some that a large-scale electricity generation system cannot be based upon renewable sources of energy, because the latter are alleged to be 'intermittent' sources that cannot provide base-load (24-hour) power. This paper shows that there is actually a wide variety of renewable energy sources with different types of time variability. Some of these have similar variability to coal (e.g. bio-electricity, hot rock geothermal, solar thermal electricity with thermal storage) and are therefore base-load. Although large-scale wind power has a different variability, it can substitute for some base-load coal with the assistance of a small amount of peak-load power plant (e.g. gas turbine). Together, a mix different types of renewable energy sources can replace a conventional generating system and can be just as reliable.

2025, Seyedrasool Sadrieh

The global transition towards cleaner energy systems and the relentless expansion of the digital economy are inextricably linked to the battery. Batteries are the silent workhorses powering electric vehicles (EVs), stabilizing national grids fed by intermittent renewable sources like solar and wind, and energizing the myriad portable electronic devices that define modern life. 1 Their centrality to achieving ambitious climate goals, such as those enshrined in the Paris Agreement, cannot be overstated. 1 However, this indispensable role comes at a profound cost. The global battery quest, while promising a cleaner future, has simultaneously unleashed a cascade of severe environmental, social, ethical, and geopolitical crises-a multifaceted "catastrophe" that demands urgent and comprehensive attention.

2025

Electric vehicles (EVs) hold immense significance in India due to their potential to address several pressing issues related to the country's transportation sector. India is one of the largest consumers of fossil fuels, which contributes to air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and high energy dependence on imports. The adoption of electric vehicles in India is seen as a crucial step toward achieving a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. This study aims to explore the perceptions and attitudes of consumers from rural Gujarat regarding the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). With the growing emphasis on sustainability and the transition to clean energy, understanding the barriers to EV adoption is crucial, particularly in rural areas where infrastructure and awareness may be limited. The objectives of the study are twofold: (1) to analyse the perception of consumers towards electric vehicles, and (2) to examine the relationship between demographic profiles of consumers and their perceptions. A sample of 243 consumers from rural Gujarat was surveyed to gain insights into their attitudes towards EVs. The study utilizes both descriptive and inferential statistical methods to evaluate the data. Findings suggest that while there is general interest in EVs due to environmental benefits, significant roadblocks such as inadequate charging infrastructure, high initial costs, and lack of awareness exist. The study highlights the need for targeted policies and infrastructure improvements to encourage EV adoption in rural areas.

2025, The 30th Annual Newfoundland Electrical and Computer Engineering Conference

Electric vehicles are a growing segment of the green transport industry and are helping reduce the carbon footprint of the global transport sector. However, EV adoption is slow due to the lack of charging infrastructure throughout the Newfoundland. We propose the design and control of a solar PV parking system that also serves as a charging station for 10 electric vehicles. The main source of power for our system would be solar PV and a battery bank for the storage of excess energy to be used during off-daylight hours. The sizing, design, and feasibility analysis of the system were performed in HOMER Pro. After that, the major components of the system were modeled in Simulink including PV, Battery, inverter, Load, and Controller. The solar charge controller utilized in our design used a DC-DC buck-boost converter running on the Perturbation and Observation (P&O) Algorithm. The system design details and simulation results are included in the paper.

2025, Sustainable Futures

The use of Electric Vehicles (EV) will promote urban sustainability, decrease air pollution, and reduce noise pollution. In this landscape a new mobility concept termed shared electric mobility-as-a-service (eMaaS) has emerged over the years. Shared eMaaS comprises the seamless integration of various forms of electric transport services available via one single digital platform. Although, the current shared eMaaS solutions are based mostly on fragmented and siloed systems which has resulted to issues related to the exchange of data and services from different eMaaS providers. Therefore, there is need for integrators and enablers to achieve an inter-operable and intra-operable seamless shared eMaaS. To this end, Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT) is proposed in this study to enable new business models for shared electric mobility solutions. As compared to conventional approaches DLT offers a transparent, cost-efficient, and decentralized services both for managing the supply and demand sides of shared eMaaS to improve public transportation. Accordingly, this article presents a DLT based business models grounded on the literature to decentralize shared eMaaS. Qualitative data is collected from Scopus and Web of Science database, and descriptive analysis is employed to analyze the collected data. Findings from this study presents use case scenarios of how IOTA tangle as a DLT using smart contracts and IOTA wallet/ tokens are deployed to design novel business models for managing seamless travel experience for electric car sharing and leasing to improve public transportation.

2025, International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)

Nowadays renewable energy generation techniques and their application for home energy management are becoming very common topics of discussion all across the globe. The increased user comfort, bill reduction, and government subsidy schemes make more consumers interested in installing these sustainable sources in their homes. Also, the utility company will be able to level its peak load and reduce its carbon footprint. Does installing renewable energy sources in homes with a conventional billing scheme help in reducing the carbon footprint of the utility company? Also, are there chances for an increased trend of electric load addition in homes installed with renewable energy plants having net metering schemes to lead to peak load management burden? This paper is an attempt to underline the benefits of using renewable energy sources at home but at the same time what are the precautions to be taken while using the same in the state of Kerala, India. The paper also proposes an economical portable solar-powered light tower that helps in leveling peak loads in homes with on-grid power plants which are billed under a conventional block rate pricing scheme through net metering.

2025, International Journal of Technology

Electric vehicles have been popularized as an environmentally friendly alternative to fuelbased transportation. The Malaysian government and vehicle manufacturers have encouraged the adoption of electric cars, yet Malaysians are seen to be lagging in adopting electric cars. This study is poised to examine the determinants of consumers' purchase intention on electricity, underpinned by The Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour. This quantitative research is set on purposive sampling while PLS-SEM is utilized for data analysis. Findings from 362 respondents reveal that technology readiness, perceived cost, perceived symbol, and knowledge lead to electric car purchase intention. This study provides insights for policymakers and manufacturers towards encouraging purchase intention of electric cars.

2025

Analisa os impactos que a introducao dos carros puramente eletricos na frota de veiculos leves brasileira, em substituicao aos carros movidos a combustiveis fosseis, traria para o setor eletrico. Os problemas ambientais e a relevância do setor de transportes nas emissoes de gases estufa fazem do carro eletrico uma maneira de reduzir o nivel de emissoes associadas as atividades de transporte. Nesse contexto, nos ultimos anos, diversas montadoras ao redor do mundo tem intensificado a busca pelo desenvolvimento desta tecnologia. No entanto, embora seja considerada uma tecnologia limpa e capaz de mitigar os problemas ambientais, sua disseminacao e timida. Como sera visto ao longo do trabalho, ha diversas barreiras que limitam sua utilizacao mais ampla. Entre elas podemos citar a falta de infra-estrutura de recarga, o alto preco de aquisicao, a baixa autonomia e a falta de incentivos tributarios. Foram utilizados neste trabalho dados fornecidos pelo Operador Nacional do Sistema, Agencia ...

2025

Bu çalışmada, küçük & orta ölçekli fotovoltaik (PV) modül üretimi için laminatör tasarımı ve üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. PV modüller ve/veya sistem tarafından sağlanacak enerjinin güvenilirliği; dış ortam koşullarına karşı dayanıklı ve uzun ömürlü olmaları ile mümkündür. Bu da endüstriyel açıdan zorunlu olan laminasyon tekniklerinin sunduğu korumayla sağlanır. Çalışma kapsamında ilk olarak, sistemin katı modeli Solidworks® programı kullanılarak oluşturulmuş ve optimum üretim koşullar için sistemin benzetimi yapılmıştır. Bu aşamadan sonra, tasarlanan sisteme ait bileşenler belirlenerek alüminyum levhaların CNC’de üretimi ve şase üzerine montajı gerçekleştirilmiştir. PV modül katmanlarının lamine edilmesi için istenilen ısıl dağılım fişek rezistanslar tarafından sağlanırken, sıcaklığın kontrolü PID kontrolör tarafından sağlanmıştır. PV modül bileşenlerinin laminasyonunda gerekli olan vakum ve/veya basınç prosedürlerini için esnek mebranın bulunduğu üst alüminyum levha, raylı kızakla...

2025, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi

Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi tarafından TÜBİTAK Efficiency Challenge yarışlarına katılmak üzere tasarlanan elektrikli bir aracın aerodinamik özellikleri deneysel ve sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalar KSÜ Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü laboratuvarında bulunan rüzgâr tünelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneylerde kullanılan araç prototipinin ebadı; tünel kapasitesiyle bağlantılı olan blokaj oranı dikkate alınarak belirlenmiş ve araç prototipi 1/16 ölçekli olarak üretilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalarda 7 farklı hava hızında (14.66/ 16.08/ 17.44/ 18.93/ 20.19/ 21.69/ 23.81) aracın maruz kaldığı sürüklenme kuvveti ölçülmüş ve sürüklenme katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Sayısal çalışmalar ise Ansys programında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda çözücü model olarak k-epsilon realizable modeli tercih edilmiştir. Artan hava hızlarına bağlı olarak sürüklenme kuvvetinin 0,1743 N ’dan 0,4014 N ’a kadar kademeli olarak arttığı tespit edilmi...

2025, Journal of Product and Brand Management

Purpose - This paper aims to conceptualize two dimensions of active innovation resistance (AIR): cognitive active resistance and emotional active resistance. A scale to measure this construct is proposed and tested.... more

2025, ICIBE

Battery Electric Aircraft (BEA) technology is gaining attention due to the potential to reduce carbon emissions and noise pollution, contributing to global environmental sustainability. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this paper explores the determinants of attitude, social norm, behavioural control, and perceived risks related to the intention of Macau residents to use electric aeroplanes within the Greater Bay Area (GBA). This research uses a quantitative approach. Data is collected through structured surveys distributed to potential adopters. To assess the relationships between the determinants in our model, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is employed. The findings reveal that a favourable attitude and perceived behavioural control positively influence individuals' intentions to adopt electric aeroplanes. However, perceived risks strongly impact adoption intentions, suggesting that addressing safety and reliability concerns is essential for promoting the technology within the region. The implications of this research extend beyond academic interests, as Macau's unique position within the GBA offers the opportunity for electric aeroplanes' adoption. Further, the reduced carbon emissions and noise pollution align with the city's objectives and create a harmonious balance between economic prosperity and environmental preservation for future generations. This study offers important insights for integrating advanced computing technologies into BEA systems to enhance electric aeroplanes' operational efficiency and safety to support their adoption. It also provides a path for policymakers and industry stakeholders toward sustainable economic development and integration of Macau within the GBA. CCS Concepts • General and reference → General conference proceedings.

2025, Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis. Prawo

this paper discusses various aspects of the development of low-emission public transport as the implementation of the electromobility policy. Fossil fuels, the primary source of energy for the transport sector, are harmful to the environment. ecological transport solutions, such as electric vehicles, bicycles and public transport powered by renewable energy sources, offer a cleaner, more sustainable alternative. the transition from fossil fuels to ecological transport solutions will require significant investment in infrastructure, research and development and public education, but the benefits far outweigh the costs. the topic of electromobility is crucial for environmentally friendly transport. this paper presents philosophical, strategic and legal aspects of electromobility.

2025, Sustainability

The boom seen in artificial intelligence in recent years has led to a revolution in the automotive industry. Numerous automakers around the world, such as Tesla, Toyota, Honda, and BMW, have achieved giant strides in the development of e-autonomous vehicles. Consequently, shared electric automated vehicle mobility (SEAVM) systems, which are a crucial part of future innovative transportation solutions, have attracted significant attention from the research community, particularly from a design perspective. However, the flexibility of shared automated mobility systems may lead to a self-operating technology issue (unequal distribution of vehicles), since users in these systems can pick up and drop off electric vehicles wherever they like. With this in mind, this paper addressed the issues of autonomous repositioning and the assignment of shared autonomous electric vehicle systems to balance a system's network and fulfill its demand. Modeling, analysis and assessment of the system's performance were carried out using stochastic Petri nets formalism, which included determining the average time areas were empty/congested and the number of unserved consumers, and estimating the redistribution service launch moment. Furthermore, many simulation scenarios were analyzed, including repositioning and without repositioning scenarios, in order to evaluate the efficiency of the model and to show the potential of using Petri nets as a probabilistic formalism approach for the modeling of e-automated mobility systems.

2025

Bu çalışmada, atmosfer basınçlı havada çubuk-düzlem elektrot sisteminde, pozitif doğru gerilimde statik elektrik alan dağılımı, elektron çığı ve korona başlangıç gerilimi, gazlarda boşalma olaylarının sayısal benzetimi amacıyla geliştirilen ve Yük Benzetim Yöntemi'ne dayanan özgün bir yazılımla hesaplanmıştır. Yük Benzetim Yöntemi'nde elektrotların benzetiminde noktasal, çizgisel ve halkasal yükler kullanılmıştır. Elektron çığının halkasal yüklerle modellenmesinde elektronların geçiş süresi, yük yerleri ve yarıçapları yeni bir yöntemle hesaplanmıştır. Anoda yaklaştıkça elektrik alanın, dolayısıyla elektronların hızlarının artmasıyla çarpışma noktaları arasındaki uzaklıkların azalacağı ve çarpışma sayısının artacağı göz önünde tutularak korona başlangıç gerilimi daha doğru hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, gelişti...

2025

Resumo: A identificação da categoria de um veículo que trafega em uma via é um importante parâmetro para sistemas de gerenciamento de tráfego. A classificação veicular tem aplicações como planejamento do sistema viário, estimativa de... more

2025, Journal of Informatics Education and Research

2025, Eggy

Hari ini saya akan membagikan kisah tentang Wang Chuanfu, pendiri BYD, yang menurut saya adalah contoh nyata dari seorang pemimpin adaptif. Melalui berbagai keputusan strategisnya, dia berhasil membawa BYD dari nol menjadi salah satu... more

2025, International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding

As the world moves towards sustainable transportation, the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) plays a pivotal role in reducing carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of global EV adoption trends, drawing on historical data that tracks EV sales and stock across various regions from 2011 onward. By examining the evolution of market shares and the distribution of different powertrain types, such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs), this research uncovers significant regional disparities in EV adoption. The findings highlight key drivers and barriers influencing market growth, providing insights into the varied pace of electrification across the globe. This analysis underscores the need for region-specific policy measures to overcome challenges and accelerate the transition to electric mobility. Ultimately, this study contributes to the broader discourse on achieving an eco-friendly transportation future by offering a nuanced understanding of the global progress towards widespread EV adoption.

2025, SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems

A two-passenger all-wheel-drive urban electric vehicle (AUTO21EV) with four in-wheel motors and an active steering system has been designed and developed at the University of Waterloo. In order to evaluate the handling and performance of such a vehicle in the design stage and analyze the effectiveness of different chassis control systems before implementing them in the real vehicle, the simulation of a large number of different open-loop and closed-loop test maneuvers is necessary. Thus, in the simulation environment, not only is a mathematical vehicle model needed for every test maneuver, but a driver model must also be designed to simulate the closed-loop test maneuvers. The role of the driver model is to calculate the control inputs required to successfully follow a predefined path. Such a driver model can be implemented as an inverse dynamics problem or by a representation of a driver that can look ahead, preview the path, and change the steering wheel angle and acceleration or brake pedal positions accordingly. In this regard, a path-following driver model is developed in this work with an advanced path previewing technique. In addition, a gain scheduling speed control driver model is developed for the AUTO21EV, which adjusts the drive torques of the wheels to minimize the deviation between the desired and actual vehicle speeds.

2025, SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems

2025, Estoa. Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca

Since its establishment in 2018, the Observatory of Ecuadorian Territory Production-OPTE has been developing a model of practical integration between teaching, research and university extension. Its project in the Andean Chocó Commonwealth (MCA) describes the methodology that integrates these fundamental pillars of public higher education under a pedagogy that horizontally connects teachers, students, and social actors for the exchange of knowledge through territorial action. This work characterizes the trajectory of the project along four territorial actions that combine procedures to which all actors contribute, perfecting their knowledge towards a common objective. Finally, pedagogical elements of a transformative praxis within academic communities are discussed with the aim of influencing the territory based on real demands.

2025

Title: THE CHALLENGES FACED BY ELECTRIC VEHICLE USERS IN CAMBODIA: FOCUS ON 4WHEEL
Author: TIE Porly
Co-authors: Dr. Soun Hong
The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is critical for reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable transportation. However, in developing countries like Cambodia, the adoption of electric vehicles faces numerous challenges. This study, The Challenges Faced by Electric Vehicle Car Users in Cambodia, explores the key barriers to the adoption and daily use of four-wheel electric vehicles. The central research question asks: "What are the key barriers to the adoption and daily use of electric vehicles in Cambodia, and how do these challenges impact the user experience?". To explore this question, the study employed a qualitative research method, conducting in-depth interviews with 25 current and potential EV users across various regions in Cambodia. These insights were further enriched by a comprehensive review of existing literature on global and regional EV adoption challenges. The study found five main challenges: inadequate charging infrastructure, high purchase and maintenance costs, battery performance and longevity issues, environmental and infrastructure-related challenges, and a limited resale market. The scarcity of charging stations, particularly outside urban centers, exacerbates range anxiety and limits the practicality of EVs for long distance travel. High upfront costs, combined with the lack of skilled maintenance professionals, deter potential buyers, while concerns over battery degradation and environmental impacts, such as water and rodent damage, reduce user confidence in the reliability of EVs. Additionally, the underdeveloped resale market poses a financial risk, complicating users' ability to upgrade vehicles or recover their investments. This research not only identifies the unique challenges faced by EV users in Cambodia but also situates these issues within the broader context of global and regional trends. The study concludes with practical recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders to address these barriers, thereby facilitating the broader adoption of electric vehicles in Cambodia and contributing to the advancement of sustainable transportation in developing countries.

2025, Journal of Informatics Education and Research

2025

Over the last decade, the automotive industry has undergone a revolution unlike any other. Vehicles powered by electricity have emerged as a key component in the transition toward a cleaner, greener future.

2025

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Grafit şu anda ticari şarj edilebilir Li-iyon pillerde negatif elektrot olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak düşük kapasiteye (372 mAh g-1) sahip olması daha yüksek kapasiteye ve iyi çevrim kararlılığına sahip alternatif malzemeleri araştırmaya sebep olmuştur. Sn esaslı malzemeler Li-iyon pillerde negatif elektrot olarak grafitin yerini alabilecek umut verici adaylardır. Anot malzemeler arasında kalay oksit, Li22Sn5 alaşımında 1494 mAh g-1 gibi çok yüksek teorik kapasite göstermesinden dolayı büyük dikkat çekmektedir. Ancak kalay oksidin yüksek teorik kapasitesi elektrotun çevrim ömrünü azaltan pulverizasyon ve delaminasyonuna yol açan %300 hacim değişimine seb...

2025, International Journal of Marketing and Business Communication

With the current depletion of fossil fuels and its price hikes, the need of the hour is an alternative source of energy for the vehicles. Electric Vehicles are the solution for the industry as well as for the environment in India. However, the current market penetration of electric vehicles is rather low. There is a need to study the factors influencing the consumer's acceptance of such electric cars. Various factors that influence the purchase decision of car buyers are based on individual perception of dimensions like environmental issues, cost, trust, technological advancement, infrastructure and societal acceptance. The results of the study show that positive environmental effects associated with electric cars along with the no costs of fuel involved happen to be the biggest motivators for the consumer when it comes to purchasing electric cars. On the contrary, cost of the electric car and lack of charging infrastructure happen to be the factors which demotivate adoption of electric cars. Thus, to promote the sales of electric cars the government has to play a leading role by developing satisfactory infrastructure, creating environmental policies, subsidizing the cost of the electric vehicles and providing financial incentives like lower interest rate on car loans and tax reductions on the purchase of electric cars. Through this paper, the potential scope of electric cars in the city of Kolkata will be studied and the consumer perception for same will be analysed.

2025, Innovation in Language Learning Conference

The paper aims to present partial findings of larger-scale research on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) learners previously diagnosed with Asperger’s syndrome according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders/DSM-IV-TR (4th ed., text rev., 2000) diagnostic criteria and their classroom experience in English as a foreign language (EFL) classes in the Czech Republic conducted at the Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Education, Masaryk University. Research on foreign language learning (FLL) of ASD pupils in the Czech Republic has been scarce, with mere solitary attempts at the level of bachelor’s or master’s thesis and none conducted on ASD learners’ English teachers. This research attempts to find out how well-prepared and supported Czech EFL teachers feel to accommodate neurodivergent pupils in their classes and their self-reported needs so that they can knowledgeably provide the adjustments and accommodations in the classroom environment and the teaching process for their ASD pupils in regular English classrooms. The whole research sample consisted of ten ASD learners of English from lower- and upper-secondary schools, their parents and teachers of English and ten ASD adults. Purposive sampling (Silverman, 2013) was employed. Two methods of data collection (semi-structured interviews and qualitative surveys) were used to collect the data, and these were further analysed using thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) with the help of ATLAS.ti 8.0 software. This paper presents a part of the findings from the ten teachers that are important for ELF teachers, school directors and policymakers when making decisions about the accommodation of neurodivergent pupils in English classes both in everyday classroom practice and at the policy-making level.

2025

Purpose-Research on battery electric vehicles (BEVs) has typically considered environmental concern a key determinant of behavioral intention that leads individuals to prefer electric vehicles. This paper challenges this assumption and argues that technology frameworks may require new variables to capture consumers' preferences. A UTAUT2-based study has been developed to assess the role of environmental concern in the BEVs context and put forward the technology show-off (TS) concept to explain the technology's acceptance. Design/methodology/approach-A quantitative and cross-sectional look at behavioral intention is adopted. The study uses structural equation modeling to analyze a sample of 236 Macau residents to determine the relevance of the factors behind the choice to adopt BEVs. Findings-The findings indicate that environmental concern and price may be relevant to explain behavioral intention to adopt the BEVs technology. Furthermore, the UTAUT2 framework seems to benefit from adding new variables, with TS playing a pertinent role in explaining technology acceptance. Social implications-The findings show that environmental concern fails to build an argument for the shift to full electric mobility and promote the desired behavioral change toward adopting BEVs. Herein lies the necessity to consider new variables that can better describe the characteristics of modern society. Originality/value-This paper proposes the TS construct, combining visibility and trialability as significant determinants of behavioral intention to use technology. The study also stresses the need to reconsider the role of environmental concerns' impact on consumer decision-making.

2025

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are living up to their claims as consumers choose them more frequently. The increasing demand for sustainable vehicles translates into the global need for specific components, materials, and infrastructures and drives the regulatory frameworks in each country. While BEVs offer environmental benefits and global business opportunities, the technology has not yet gained mainstream acceptance. Thus, this work aims to investigate the characteristics of BEV users and their role in the diffusion of products to larger segments, as this may vary from country to country. For this purpose, a survey based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT-2) (Venkatesh et al., 2012) framework and structural equation modeling (SmartPLS) was adopted. The results indicated that, except for the constructs of effort expectancy (EE) and social influence (SI), the predictors in the model performed well in this context. Current users are satisfied with their vehicles and strongly prefer future choices. The analysis also revealed that in addition to the availability of financial resources, early adopters are attracted by new technologies in a way that leads them to make decisions outside of the traditional influence of the other members of society. It is suggested to leverage the perceived benefits of status, differentiation, or uniqueness motives, to appeal to those seeking to appear trendy and tech-savvy in society. Companies Walking the talk? MNEs transitioning towards a sustainable World

2025

We are the first generation to feel the effect of climate change and the last generation who can do something about it." -President Obama, 23rd of September 2014. In order to tackle the problem of climate change we need to change the way we are living and the technologies we are using. One area that needs to change is the car usage and the technology it is based on. We need to change to non-fossil fuelled car technologies. A suggested solution is the plug-in electric cars -such as Battery electric vehicles and Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. The plug-in electric car is an Electric vehicle that offers many advantages compared to traditional combustion cars. Nevertheless, when electric cars is offered at the same buying price and almost half total cost of ownership, compared to traditional combustion cars, the customers still hesitates. Despite the many advantages the concern regarding insufficient driving range, in combination with the charging availability and charging time, scares the customers. As the driving range, charging availability, and charging time of plug-in electric cars are highly dependent of the charging system for it, an improved and more convenient focused charging system could remove these concerns and obstacles for plug-in electric cars. A convenient charging system for plug-in electric cars was found to require an Energy storage system in order to being able to deliver sufficient charging power as well as better utilise the electrical infrastructure. Furthermore, a convenient charging system for plug-in electric cars have three different chargers -standard (wireless) charger, availability charger, and fast charger. The different chargers targets different kinds of charging, and with the different power levels of <22kW, <3.6kW, respective >90kW. Where the last (and highest) power level is only necessary for Battery electric vehicles and could be excluded from Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. The standard charger have two different sub-systems, one home charger and one destination charger -both (but in different ways) sharing the principle of botherless bringing the charger to the car. Moreover, the whole charging system should easily be controlled and monitored via a mobile app, and enable a transition towards the close connected technology of autonomous drive and -vehicles. Furthermore, together with which the Electric vehicle may become a major disruptive technology.

2024, Applied Economics Letters

Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have gained popularity in Norway, chiefly due to generous tax incentives. Using the synthetic control method, we study if BEVs' popularity has complemented or substituted for conventional new car sales. Comparing Norway with weighed control units from a donor pool of 16 other European countries between 1990 and 2018 as a counterfactual, we find that conventional new car sales since 2011 have fallen steeply in the country. Analyses also indicate that total new car sales have decreased since 2011. We conclude that BEVs substitute for conventional cars and probably even subtract total new car sales. An implication is that tax revenue loss from BEVs is probably higher than previously estimated, and the fleet of cars in Norway is probably older than in the absence of BEVs' generous tax incentives.

2024, Solar Powered Electric Vehicle

Designing and constructing a working chassis is vital to compete in the Shell Eco-marathon
competition. The suspension team is responsible for the design and feasibility of the suspension
system and its components. The powertrain is responsible for the design and uniting electrical
systems of the car. Front-end loading plays a critical part in a major project, although to check
the dimensions and performance of each component, a 3-D model was created for each part
using the software SolidWorks®️ was used to check the dimensions and performance for each
piece. SolidWorks®️ is a capable program for large scale assemblies with file extensions that can
often carry to other programs such as Autodesk®️ and CREO®️. By replicating a 3-D model of
each system in SolidWorks®️ before purchasing individual components improved the overall
attachment of the parts connected to the frame. The reason being that measurements and certain
dimensions were noted on the modeling software to locate and fit each individual component to
the designed frame. This helped with time management since the attachment was already
projected before the arrival of components.
Managing a project requires not only the specialist (engineer) but also the manager who follows
the budget and effectiveness of purchases. Supply chain logistics requires cost analysis whether
to outsource or make in house. It also encompasses the transportation and delivery of materials
and parts to where they are needed most. Mangers then control and advise workflow so the
project stays on schedule and firefighting, the process of excess relocation of resources, is
avoided. Every group member in needs both qualities so work is continuing to improve and each
member master certain small portions of the project bring the project together during meetings.

2024

2024, International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education

The aim of the Project is to design and development a dual side water pumping system using scotch yoke mechanism. • The reciprocating motion of the plunger will utilized for the pumping action. The plunger will reciprocate with the help of a cam plate. By this action the water will pumped with very high pressure and to various heads. • The cam plate gets the drive from the motor for its rotation and converts that rotary motion to useful dual side reciprocating motion. The motor will powered with the aid of electric power. Thus the water will pumped from source to various heads. • This can be utilized for various applications like lubrication in machines and water pumping in agriculture field. • Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power which usually come in many sizes that vary from microscopic for use in medical applications to large industrial pumps. • Generally these mechanical pumps have numerous applications such as pumping water from wells, filtering of dust in the aquarium, filtering the ponds and aeration, also used in car industry for watercooling and fuel injection, and finally in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers.

2024, PP

Exercice concernant le calcul de la chaine cinématique d'une voiture électrique.

2024, Omega

In this paper we consider a station-based electric car-sharing system which allows one-way trips, and uses relocation to re-balance the vehicle distribution. We adopt the point-of-view of a service provider, whose objective is to maximize the profit associated with the trips performed by users. We introduce an exact relocation model for operating hours, and we explicitly consider the consumption and recharge process of electric vehicles batteries. In addition, the model is extended to the relocation operations to be performed at night, namely when the system is not operating. We also describe two model-based heuristics developed to solve the relocation model for operating hours on largescale systems. The paper is concluded by a set of computational experiments on realistic data derived from an existing car-sharing system. The experiments investigate the scalability of the proposed model and highlight the circumstances under which the relocation operations can improve the system performance.

2024, MIT Science Policy Review

Since the recent introduction of electric vehicles began in 2008-2010, 80 different electric vehicle models and close to 2 million electric vehicles have been sold in the US. The need to commercialize electric vehicles meant research and policy has so far focused on how to establish the early electric vehicle market. The newness of electric vehicles, their high upfront cost, the need for charging access, and other issues meant equity has been overlooked. As regions progress toward goals of 100% electric vehicle sales, research and policy should consider how to establish a more equitable electric vehicle market so that the benefits of electrification are experienced by all and so that low-income households are not imposed with higher transportation costs.

2024

Small and medium-sized cities around the world aspire to become greener, smarter, more liveable for citizens and appealing to tourists. In Europe, they undertake initiatives such as Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans and Electric Vehicle Charging Plans to make their transport infrastructures more sustainable and friendly to electromobility. In Asia, too, Chinese small cities can profit from several policies and incentives to promote electric mobility and it is of interest to see how these compare to the European cases. A major part of this paper refers to the European experience and more particularly that of Greece drawing largely on the experience from Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans and Electric Vehicles Charging Plans studies performed in Northern Greece and its northern border regions. The experience of China and its promotion of e-mobility in small urban areas is also reviewed and useful conclusions are drawn. The results show that there are several measures and policies specifically suited to small and medium-sized urban areas as well as those that are in the periphery of the country near border crossings to other countries. The final evaluation and selection should be made following the formulation, at an early stage, of a comprehensive and all-inclusive strategic plan for the promotion of emobility in the area. The novelty of the paper consists of a concise and all-inclusive reference to the factors affecting the promotion of electromobility in the special case of small and medium-sized urban areas as well as border areas and the recommendations for measures and policies that are given in Table 2. A novelty is also the SWOT analysis performed as well as the fact of the parallel presentation of European and Chinese policies.

2024, Journal of Cleaner Production

Car sharing (CS) and smart mobility have emerged as pivotal components for a sustainable transformation in urban transportation, standing out as central topics in the discussions on sustainable mobility solutions. Nevertheless, the increasing interest from scholars, CS companies' owners, and policymakers in car sharing services as a viable response to the sustainable urban transport has availed rather mixed considerations, thus calling for further scrutiny. The current endeavor thus seeks to advance a systematic literature review of the body of knowledge correlatively addressing the issues of various forms of smart mobility and car sharing. Four major research questions are envisaged, namely: What are the bibliometric characteristics of the literature related to smart mobility and car sharing? What is the focus of this literature in terms of key concepts? What are the limitations of the existing body of literature? and What are the implications of this literature in terms of future research avenues? With a view to providing pertinent answers, emphasis will be laid on the insights, critique, and transformative redefinitions of the literature in the field via a bibliometric analysis and structured theme-based review. The SPAR-4-SLR protocol is employed while the data retrieved from the Scopus database was processed with the Bibliometrix package (i.e., Biblioshiny) of the R study program. Derived from the thematic mapping and the identified clusters, six key research topics (i.e., car sharing through the lens of urban mobility management, innovative business models and governance, sustainable transportation and e-car sharing, smart mobility and multimodality, sustainable mobility, public transport, and collaborative consumption, climate change and electric vehicles and transport policy and automotive industry) are thoroughly discussed in terms of added value and limitations. The findings manage to clarify the multiplexity of links between the two constructs, by shedding light on the motor, basic, niche, emerging and declining themes which are worthy of further consideration within a structured research agenda. Additionally, they point to the fact that the issues of smart mobility and car sharing are still producing mixed or fragmented conclusions in terms of socioeconomic , technological and environmental impacts, calling for further investigation. Manifold implications of the state-of-the-art in the field are brought to the attention of scholars and practitioners interested in achieving a better understanding and integration of car sharing and smart mobility in the broad transport ecosystem.

2024, Transportation Research Record

The Praxitèle system is the first large-scale, operational, public individualtransportation system-or station-car system-using self-service electric vehicles. It was developed in France by a consortium of industrial companies and research institutes, formed in 1993. Its operation started in the city of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, a high-tech center near Paris, at the end of 1997 with 50 electric vehicles from Renault. At midterm in the experiment, close to 500 participants were using the system. This is the first report on the experiment, which continued until the end of 1998. Preliminary conclusions show that users have expressed a high level of satisfaction and a desire to expand the system. However, no conclusion can be drawn yet on the economics of such a system, which remains expensive and underutilized. In 1993, a consortium of industrial companies formed by Renault, EDF (an electric utility), and CGFTE (a public transit operator) joined with two French public research institutes-INRETS, which specializes in transport technology, and INRIA, which specializes in computer science-to develop and implement the concept of individual public transport. The concept was to provide public electric vehicles as a complement to mass transportation where or when it was not sufficiently flexible or sufficiently frequent (1). The city of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines volunteered to host the experiment, and the high-tech defense company Dassault-Electronique (now Thomson DETEXIS) joined the project in 1994. At the end of 1995, a technological demonstration was presented to city and government officials, and at the end of 1996, it was decided to launch a full-scale operation. In the fall of 1997, the service opened to the public with 50 electric cars provided by Renault. PRAXITÈLE SYSTEM The Praxitèle system required a fleet of electric vehicles, a set of stations where the cars would be parked and recharged (and where they would be returned), and a central management system that would double as an information and fare-collection system. Vehicles Why use an electric vehicle to implement the concept of a public car? Although there was some debate about the kinds of pollution due to electric cars (through the generation of electricity as well as

2024, Sharif Journal of Civil Engineering (SJCE)

In 2022, the air pollution levels in Iranian cities increased by an average of 35% compared to 2019, which is concerning considering the growing transportation needs due to population growth. However, alternative travel methods with better environmental performance can help reduce the role of transportation in creating pollution.
One potential solution is the use of shared autonomous vehicles, which have the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, estimating the exact effects of this travel method on climate change can be challenging due to various factors that come into play.
To address this issue, a study was conducted using the SUMO software and random travel demand to quantitatively analysis the environmental impact of shared autonomous vehicles in a specific section of Tehran city. The analysis considered different scenarios related to the penetration rate, fleet size, and sharing policies.
Simulation-based approaches were employed to assess the environmental impact, with a particular focus on greenhouse gas emissions. The results of the study indicated that simultaneous service to two users, compared to other sharing scenarios, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 10%. This suggests that efficient sharing policies can have a positive impact on the environment.
Moreover, the study found that in scenarios where both autonomous car-sharing and private car modes exist, increasing the fleet size of shared autonomous vehicles can lead to increased congestion, resulting in higher pollutant emissions. Additionally, the penetration rate of these vehicles is crucial, as a penetration rate of 100% tends to result in almost zero greenhouse gas emissions. Regarding the impact of the fleet size of shared autonomous vehicles on fuel consumption, it can be said that increasing the fleet size in scenarios where both modes exist would lead to an increase in fossil fuel consumption and a decrease in electric fuel consumption.
Overall, this study highlights the potential environmental benefits of shared autonomous vehicles in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By implementing efficient sharing policies, increasing fleet size and density, and aiming for high penetration rates, we can strive towards a greener and more sustainable transportation system.
Keywords
Simulation of Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAV) Ride-Sharing Electric Cars Environmental Pollutants Intelligent Transportation

2024

Indonesia memiliki target mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca untuk target tanpa syarat sebesar 29% menjadi 2049 MtCO2e dan untuk target dengan syarat sebesar 41% menjadi 1689 MtCO2e dari baseline 2811 MtCO2e di tahun 2030. Sektor energi terutama transportasi adalah salah satu target emisi gas rumah kaca Indonesia, yang meliputi tiga emisi gas rumah kaca nasional yaitu karbon dioksida (CO2), metana (CH4), dan nitrogen oksida (N2O). Jumlah CO2 meningkat secara linear dengan jumlah pembakaran bahan bakar mobil. Peneliti menganalisis estimasi biaya sosial CO2 per liter bahan bakar di Eropa untuk melakukan estimasi biaya sosial CO2 per liter bahan bakar di Indonesia. Pajak karbon membuat harga bahan minyak bensin meningkat 1,227 Rupiah dan disel meningkat 1,225 Rupiah, hal ini diperlukan untuk mencapai target pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca untuk target tanpa syarat sebesar 29% menjadi 2049 MtCO2e dan untuk target dengan syarat sebesar 41% menjadi 1689 MtCO2e dari baseline 2811 MtCO2e di Indonesia tahun 2030. Pajak karbon bisa membantu pemerintah Indonesia untuk mencapai target penurunan gas rumah kaca di tahun 2030.

2024

Indonesia memiliki target mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca untuk target tanpa syarat sebesar 29% menjadi 2049 MtCO 2 e dan untuk target dengan syarat sebesar 41% menjadi 1689 MtCO 2 e dari baseline 2811 MtCO 2 e di tahun 2030. Sektor energi terutama transportasi adalah salah satu target emisi gas rumah kaca Indonesia, yang meliputi tiga emisi gas rumah kaca nasional yaitu karbon dioksida (CO 2 ), metana (CH 4 ), dan nitrogen oksida (N 2 O). Jumlah CO 2 meningkat secara linear dengan jumlah pembakaran bahan bakar mobil. Peneliti menganalisis estimasi biaya sosial CO 2 per liter bahan bakar di Eropa untuk melakukan estimasi biaya sosial CO 2 per liter bahan bakar di Indonesia. Pajak karbon membuat harga bahan minyak bensin meningkat 1,227 Rupiah dan disel meningkat 1,225 Rupiah, hal ini diperlukan untuk mencapai target pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca untuk target tanpa syarat sebesar 29% menjadi 2049 MtCO 2 e dan untuk target dengan syarat sebesar 41% menjadi 1689 MtCO 2 e dari baseli...

2024

This article explores the unique intersection of motorsport, culture, and business through the lens of Kenya's iconic Safari Rally. Written as part of a series of articles started in 2021, the piece reflects on the author's personal journey as a technical advisor involved in reviving the rally, blending childhood passion with professional expertise. It delves into the rally's rich history, the innovations that have shaped its legacy, and its significant economic impact. The article also emphasizes how the Safari Rally has evolved into a symbol of Kenya's global presence, showcasing the country's potential for growth within the motorsport industry.