Electric Drive Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Global journal on …

In this paper a sensorless direct torque control (DTC) scheme of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed. To improve the performance of the classical DTC a modified control scheme based on twelve sectors instead of six is presented and a comparison between the two methods is carried out. The high performance of the DTC is related to the accuracy of the flux estimation witch is affected by parameter variation especially the stator resistance due changes in temperature or frequency. Therefore, it is adequate to compensate this parameter variation using an online adaptation of the control scheme by the estimated stator resistance using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The EKF is designed to estimate the rotor speed and stator flux and resistance. Estimated parameters are used for the closed loop speed sensorless control operation of the PMSM. It has been demonstrated that the EKF estimation and sensorless DTC perform quite well in spite of the parameters and load variations that handled by the system. The simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the overall control scheme.

2025

The suitability of the direct modular multi-level converter for high power, low speed, gear-and transformerless drives is investigated. Control methods which optimize the capacitor voltage ripple are presented, analyzed and verified in... more

2025, Chinese Optics Letters

By using PDM-OFDM-16QAM modulation, all-Raman amplification, coherent detection, and 7% forward error correction (FEC) threshold, we successfully demonstrate 63-Tb/s (368×183.3-Gb/s) signal over 160km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) transmission in the C-and L-bands with 25-GHz channel spacing. 368 optical channels with bandwidth spacing of 25 GHz are generated from 16 external cavity laser sources. After 160-km SSMF transmission, all tested bit error rate (BER) are under 3.8×10-3, which can be recovered by 7% FEC threshold. Within each channel, we achieve the spectral efficiency of 6.85 bit/s/Hz in C/L band.

2025, Frontiers in Energy

In this paper a model for suggesting a smart parking that involves a set of electric cars is presented to auction the management ability and correct parking planning in reserve spinning market, secondary energy market and grid. Parking interest under various scenarios is analyzed and its effective results are presented by a valid model. Besides, particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for calculating maximum benefit.

2025, Expert Systems with Applications

An innovative adaptive control method for speed control of induction motor based on field oriented control is presented in this paper. The fusion of sliding-mode and type-2 neuro fuzzy systems is used to control this system. An online learning algorithm based on sliding-mode training algorithm, and type-2 fuzzy systems is employed to deal with parametric uncertainties and disturbances, by adjusting the control parameters. The sliding-mode adaptive mechanism tune the parameters of type-2 membership functions (antecedent part) and the consequent part parameters, according to the inputs: speed error and its derivative, in structure of type-2 neuro fuzzy system. Since the parameters of the induction motor may vary, and the information that is used to construct the membership functions and the rules of fuzzy logic system is uncertain, type-2 neuro fuzzy structure is selected as the controller. The results obtained by using this approach are compared with those of type-1 counterpart. The proposed adaptive sliding-mode type-2 neuro-fuzzy controller can control the induction motor with higher performance as it is compared with type-1 neuro-fuzzy systems while it shows more robustness to variations in the parameters and measurement noise.

2025, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

Stepping motors are indexing devices widely used in microcomputer-controlled machines. They have been proven to give excellent results in terms of accuracy and repeatability in many industrial applications. The main weakness, however, is their relatively low working speeds (when compared to the alternative of servo motors), but this has been changing lately, mainly due to better electrical controller and motor designs. Hence, today there is a wider interchangeability range with servo motors. This paper describes a new electrical driving method for stepping motors based on controlled energy discharge over the motor windings. This method makes use of the fact that the time response of an L L LR circuit can be improved by the addition of an adequate capacitance. Experimental tests were performed for evaluation purposes. Results obtained show speeds reaching up to 6000 r/min and as much as 90% of the low-speed torque still available at 1000 r/min for a commercial-type stepping motor.

2025, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

2025, International Journal of Automotive Technology

One method for improving the torque capacity of the CVT is to use a split-powered CVT (SPCVT) to reduce the power transmitted into a continuously variable unit (CVU). A variable bridge SPCVT with two planetary gear units (PGUs), which are composed of a sun gear, a ring gear, and carrier and planetary gears, can minimize the power to the CVU. However, a SPCVT with a conventional CVT should possess a dual mode, which would allow the conventional CVT to be used at high speeds and an additional gear train to be used at low speeds. The inner-spherical CVU (ISCVU) with an inner and outer spherical contact mechanism developed in this study can cover the range from low to high speeds. The rated power and the overall speed ratios were 100 kW and 0.09~0.36, respectively. Power efficiency was numerically calculated to be over 90% over the speed ratio range of 0.1~0.29. The maximum shear stress at the two contact areas of the rotor pairs, the minimum life and the overall size were estimated to be 700 MPa, 276 kh and 350×350×400 mm 3 , respectively. This study shows that an ISCVU and a variable bridge type PGU can realize the SPCVT with a single mode for a vehicle.

2025, Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences

Control system design of switching power converters and electrical machines based on the sliding mode approach is presented. The structural similarities among switching converters and electrical machines are used to show that the same structure of the controller could be used for plants under consideration. The controller is designed as a cascade structure with inner current loop designed as a sliding mode system with discontinuous control and outer loop (voltage or mechanical motion) being designed as a discrete-time sliding mode controller.

2025, 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives

The detection of non-catastrophic faults in conjunction with other factors can be used to determine the condition and remaining life of an electric drive. As the frequency and severity of these faults increase, the working life of the drive decreases, leading to eventual failure. In this work, four methods to identify developing electrical faults are presented and compared. They are based on the Short-Time Fourier transform, Undecimated Wavelet analysis, Wigner and Choi Williams Distribution of the field oriented currents in PMAC drives. The different fault types are classified by developing a linear discriminant classifier based on the transform coefficients. The comparison is based on the number of correct classifications and Fisher's discriminant ratio.

2025

We present and apply a new method for analyzing the significance of advanced technology for achieving two important national energy goals: climate protection and energy security. Quantitative metrics for U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2050 and oil independence in 2030 are specified, and the impacts of 11 sets of energy technologies are analyzed using a model that employs the Kaya identity and incorporates the uncertainty of technological breakthroughs. The goals examined are a 50% to 80% reduction in CO 2 emissions from energy use by 2050 and increased domestic hydrocarbon fuels supply and decreased demand that sum to 11 mmbd by 2030. The latter is intended to insure that the economic costs of oil dependence are not more than 1% of U.S. GDP with 95% probability by 2030. Perhaps the most important implication of the analysis is that meeting both energy goals requires a high probability of success (much greater than even odds) for all 11 technologies. Two technologies appear to be indispensable for accomplishment of both goals: carbon capture and storage, and advanced fossil liquid fuels. For reducing CO 2 by more than 50% by 2050, biomass energy and electric drive (fuel cell or battery powered) vehicles also appear to be necessary. Every one of the 11 technologies has a powerful influence on the probability of achieving national energy goals. From the perspective of technology policy, conflict between the CO 2 mitigation and energy security is negligible. These general results appear to be robust to a wide range of technology impact estimates; they are substantially unchanged by a Monte Carlo simulation that allows the impacts of technologies to vary by ±20%.

2025, 2009 Brazilian Power Electronics Conference

Simulation became an integral part of power electronics and electrical drives learning process. This paper presents a collection of software programs that can be useful in the teaching process of power electronics and electrical drives. This tool is developed with Python language and libraries, which can be freely distributed. Without going through complicated mathematics and software manuals, students can obtain steady state waveforms from power electronics circuits, their mean and RMS values, as well as spectra. Electrical machine principles are also shown, using animation tools.

2025, Proceedings of the 10th …

Direct Torque Control (DTC) is a high performance control technique introduced for voltage inverter fed induction motor drives. This technique, based on selecting the optimum stator voltage vector of the inverter standard topology, makes... more

2025, Nordic Wind Power Conference

The large grid integration of variable wind power adds to the imbalance of a power system. This necessitates the need for additional reserve power for regulation. In Denmark, the growing wind penetration aims for an expedited change of displacing the traditional generators which are currently supplying the reserve power requirements. This limited regulation services from conventional generators in the future power system calls for other new reserve power solutions like Electric Vehicle (EV) based battery storages. A generic aggregated EV based battery storage for long-term dynamic load frequency simulations is modelled. Further, it is analysed for regulation services using the case of a typical windy day in the West Denmark power system. The power deviations with other control areas in an interconnected system are minimised by the faster up and down regulation characteristics of the EV battery storage.

2025

УКРАЇНА (19) UA (11) 86867 (13) U (51) МПК (2013.01) C01B 13/00 ДЕРЖАВНА СЛУЖБА ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ УКРАЇНИ UA 86867 U (12) ОПИС ДО ПАТЕНТУ НА КОРИСНУ МОДЕЛЬ (54) ПРИСТРІЙ ЗБАГАЧЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯ КИСНЕМ (57) Реферат: Пристрій збагачення повітря киснем містить вентилятор, електродвигун, постійний магніт, з конусом з немагнітного матеріалу над ним, які розміщені та закріплені всередині корпусу, виготовленого з немагнітного матеріалу, між корпусом і магнітом виконана кільцева щілина. Крім цього, вентилятор та електродвигун розміщено перед входом в пристрій, а постійний магніт виконаний у вигляді групи кільцевих магнітів ; які встановлені на поверхні патрубка, що створює магнітне поле з високим градієнтом, а на вході в кільцевий зазор встановлений лопатевий вихороутворювач.

2025, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion

In this paper, we present the steady state analysis of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) adopted for wind power generation. The three-phase induction machine connected to the network, to work as a generator for wind farms, is excited on the rotor circuit by a slip-frequency current injected to the rotor, from an exciter mounted on the same shaft of the machine. The resulting rotating magnetic field rotates at synchronous speed; as such the generated power has a constant frequency independent of the shaft speed. Effects of the excitation voltage magnitude and phase angle on the active and reactive power are studied, when the machine runs at constant speed. It has been shown that by controlling the excitation voltage magnitude and phase angle would control the mode of operation of the machine; motor mode or generator mode. Furthermore, the effects of the shaft speed on the active and reactive power at constant excitation voltage magnitude and constant phase angle are also investigated.

2025

Steady state and dynamic vehicle models are derived for development of requirements on motors and batteries for the conversion of internal combustion engine powered vehicles to electric vehicles. MATLAB simulation tools are developed to establish relationships among motor power and torque, battery weight and specific energy, vehicle weight, speed, driving range, maximum cruise speed, and maximum acceleration. Vehicle level performance requirements such as driving range, maximum cruise speed, and maximum acceleration are established. The simulation tools allow one to translate these vehicle level performance requirements to lower level performance requirements on motor power and torque, battery power and energy, and gear reduction. The simulation tools can also be used to study the trade-offs among the design parameters.

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

2025, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics

2025, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications

This paper describes a finite-element (FE) procedure particularly suitable for the prediction of a controlled induction motor (IM) performance. The FE analysis is carried out in the rotor flux reference frame so that only magnetostatic FE simulations are used, reducing the computational time. The use of magnetostatic simulations allows to consider the saturation effects in all the machine parts during all computations. The proposed procedure is suitable for both the analysis and design of IMs, allowing a careful prediction of the drive performance during the various design steps before prototyping. Experimental tests are included in this paper to confirm the accuracy of the predictions achieved by the proposed procedure.

2025, dipmat.univpm.it

Nowadays the greatest part of the efforts to meet fuel economy and to reduce pollutant emissions are directed toward the hybridization of automotive drive trains. In particular the design of hybrid vehicles requires a complete system analysis including the control of the energy given from the on board source, the optimization of the electric and electronic devices installed on the vehicle and the design of all the mechanical connection between the different power sources to reach required performances. The aim of this paper is to develop an energetic model for analysis, design and control of a Plug-In Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (PHEV) with particular attention paid to energy and power flux between the different devices. The model described in the following paragraphs has been experimentally validated on a PHEV, realized, in prototypal version, at the Mechanical Department of the Politecnico di Milano.

2025

This paper presents a methodology of rapid testing for different control algorithms of electrical drives with inverter-fed induction motors used for the propulsion of hybrid electric vehicles. For analysis, modeling and off-line simulation of the vehicle operations conditions, and also for the testing in real time of the control algorithm performance certain hardware/software products COTS (ADVISOR, DS1104, ControlDesk) are used. The emulation of the real traffic conditions, obtained by off-line simulations, are replicated with a torque controlled dc machine, which load the induction machine under test.

2024, IEEE/IBCAST conference

Electrical drives lie at the heart of most industrial processes and make a major contribution to the comfort and high quality products we all take for granted. Electrical drives involving different types of electrical motors turn the wheels of industry. In an industrialized country, more than 60% of the generated electrical energy is used in motor drives. The application of electrical drives spread from low fractional horse power applications in instruments to the industrial applications. Wide power, torque and speed ranges, adaptability to almost every operating condition, high efficiency, fast response, control simplicity, ability to operate as a generator in braking mode and various mechanical design types make the electrical drive very competitive among the other drive types. This work is based on the Robust Control Adjustable Electrical DC Drive System using PI (Proportional Integrator) controller. It encompasses the development of the DC drive. It also includes the design and fabrication of the mechanical load wheel structure. Thus the work finally gave a product in the form of a test jig for checking the wear and tear of a small metallic material after being spring pressed and scrubbed on the edged copper face of the aluminum disk wheel. The integrity of the system is based on keeping the wheel speed constant. In nullifying the steady state error the PI control algorithm was eventually used with root locus design method that could enable finding the PI coefficients. It turns out to be a robust and resilient drive that keeps the load wheel speed invariable at disturbances. The theoretical model is validated with the experimental results.

2024, International Journal of Engineering Education

This paper describes a generalized model of the three-phase induction motor and simulation of the direct self-control (DSC) system, using the Matlab Simulink software. The advantage of Simulink modelling is that program compilation is not required. Instead, the mouse and Simulink menu commands are used to link the basic function blocks to yield the complete DSC system simulation model. This paper also shows the techniques to simplify and solve high-order and nonlinear equations in the design of the DSC system. It is also demonstrated that the DSC method is sensitive to the current sensor noise and the controller time delay.

2024, e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik

This paper presents the development process of a web-based educational environment, named ''Integrated Professor Oriented Educational Environment for Medical Education (IPOEE-MED)'', using the approach of the Unified Modelling Language (UML) and the Rational Unified Process (RUP), which is a modern, object-oriented software development methodology. The IPOEE-MED addresses mainly to the faculty members who are novices in computer use and programming and gives them the ability to compose and develop lessons and learning applications through reusing pre-development components and multimedia information, setting the professor in the centre of the teaching process using the new technology. The solution proposed in this paper is a complementary educational method and gives emphasis on the reinforcement of learning in medical education. A pilot demonstration is currently running, for biology and pathology courses at the Medical School of Athens in Greece.

2024

This paper introduces a System Dynamics (SD) simulation approach to analyze the factors affecting the development of charging stations. The study focuses on accessibility, investment cost, charging cost, and V2G desirability as key factors. The research incorporates the behavior of both PEV owners and investors to examine their impact on charging point development. A hybrid simulation model and decision-making framework are developed to assess the sustainable growth and accessibility of public chargers, using a specific use case. The study investigates the significant factors that influence the accessibility and sustainable growth of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), aligning with the need to explore high market penetrations of public chargers in the transportation sector. The emphasis is on evaluating different policies to enhance electric vehicle adoption by influencing the accessibility of public charging points. Results from the simulations indicate that level II public chargers are likely to experience faster growth compared to fast chargers. Furthermore, results show that accessibility to the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) in the future at homes can affect the growth rate of public chargers. Moreover, the study's results suggest that electricity pricing at public charging stations is a crucial determinant for the sustainable growth of these stations.

2024

This paper presents a simple overmodulation method employed in direct torque control (DTC) constant switching frequency (CSF) controller of induction machines. The proposed overmodulation method is utilized to extend a constant torque region and hence produce high torque capability in field-weakening region with six-step operation. It will be shown that the overmodulation operation using the DTC-CSF scheme can be established by controlling the stator flux locus from circular to the hexagonal shape. This is achieved by modifying the flux error status produced from the flux hysteresis controller before it is fed to the lookup table. The main benefit of the proposed method is its simplicity since it requires only a minor modification to the conventional DTC hysteresis-based structure and does not require a space-vector modulator.

2024

This study presents simulation software on power electronics. For this purpose, VisSim    simulator is used and models of single and three-phase rectifiers, PWM choppers and inverters, AC choppers, SMPS networks, are developed and their performance waveforms are obtained. Conventional and brushless dc motor simulations are added to the package together with some load characteristics. It is believed that, this package would be a useful tool for teaching of power electronics and performance predictions of electrical drive systems.

2024, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

2024, TIJER - INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL

Climate tech, short for climate technology, refers to the range of technologies and innovations designed to tackle the growing climate crisis. As the world faces escalating environmental challenges-such as rising temperatures, shrinking ice caps, and increasing carbon emissions-climate tech has emerged as a critical solution. This technology spans multiple sectors, including renewable energy, carbon capture, sustainable agriculture, and energy efficiency. It offers tools and systems that help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote sustainability, and adapt to changing environmental conditions. The core objective of climate tech is to create systems that balance human needs with the planet's well-being. Advances in renewable energy, like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, play a key role in reducing our dependence on fossil fuels. Carbon capture technologies aim to trap and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, slowing the impact of climate change. Furthermore, innovations in sustainable farming, water conservation, and green construction provide practical ways to live in harmony with nature. While climate tech holds tremendous promise, it faces hurdles in scaling and implementation. Political, economic, and infrastructural challenges often slow progress, and global cooperation is needed to maximize its potential. However, with growing investments in this field and heightened awareness about the climate crisis, climate tech is positioned to be a pivotal force in the fight for a sustainable future.

2024, WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control archive

As a contribution towards improving the environment, a new position controller for vector controlled electric drives employing permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) is presented that achieves approximately 27% less frictional energy loss than a conventional controller adjusted to give the same manoeuvre time for the same initial and final positions. The frictional energy loss minimisation is carried out within the constraint of a velocity-time profile of fixed form to achieve prescribed manoeuvre times for relatively large step reference position changes. Optimal settings of the parameters of the velocity-time profile are made to minimise the energy loss. The control system robustness is achieved through the use of two control techniques, forced dynamic control (FDC) and sliding mode control (SMC), which maintain the velocity-time profile regardless of the mechanical load presented to the motor. The closed loop system automatically enters a linear operational mode with prescribed dynamics as the demanded position is approached, enabling derivative feed forward pre-compensation techniques to eliminate dynamic lag if needed. Vector control is achieved by an FDC direct axis current control loop with zero reference input, assuming a non-salient PMSM. The only information required from the user is the reference position and the required manoeuvre time. For commissioning, no time consuming adjustment of PI controllers is needed in contrast to conventional vector controlled drives. Only the following parametric entries are needed: a) the motor power and voltage ratings, the permanent magnet flux, the number of pole pairs and an estimate of the total moment of inertia presented to the rotor, to calculate the maximum rotor angular acceleration magnitude for which no motor control torque saturation can occur and b) the settling time for the FDC direct axis current control. Since a specified manoeuvre time may be realised, the method is especially suited to applications in which more than one position control loop has to be coordinated. The performance of the new controller and its advantages over a conventional controller adjusted to yield the same settling time are demonstrated by simulations.

2024, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications

This paper focuses on the design of a controller for a high-voltage high-power single-phase active rectifier, designed for, but not limited to, traction field applications. The rectifier should absorb current with low harmonic content to reduce the environmental electromagnetic pollution and to eliminate the disturbances to the on-board communication equipment. In addition, it should allow the elimination of the heavy and bulky transformer, reducing encumbrance and cost. A multilevel H-bridge single-phase configuration has been chosen and the design has been fully investigated with the help of theoretical analysis, simulations, and experiments.

2024

Maximizing the efficiency in transport vehicles will be a necessity. This may be realized by introducing a power electronic conversion between the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and the wheels. Hence the ICE may be used at its maximal efficiency point. One still can choose the kind of fuel: liquid or gas hydrocarbons, hydrogen, alcohol. The ICE delivers electrical power by means of a high efficiency generator and rectifier Further on one can recover electrical energy from the exhaust thermal power by means of a bottom cycle. A solution is to use an organic rankine cycle for this. The motion itself is done by high efficiency converters and permanent magnet motors. One can reduce gear losses while using direct drive wheel motors. In ships one can also optimise the propeller and the number of propellers.

2024, International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology

Conventional vehicles play an important in transportation in ancient times. As they run on fossil fuels emission of CO2 and various hazardous gases takes place which gets converted into environmental pollutants. But nowadays the cost of fossil fuels is increasing day-by-day due to limiting reserves. In such case Hybrid vehicles play an important role to improve efficiency and reduce hazardous pollutants. Hybrid vehicles are vehicles that can run on fossil fuels and batteries. This review paper focuses on the comparison characteristics between conventional and electric vehicles. The comparison characteristics include maximum fuel economy, minimum fuel emission, minimum propulsion cost.

2024

Frequency with which technologies appear in the 40 successful sets of technologies (i.e., those that meet both energy goals).

2024, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

The paper deals with a Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm applied to electrical drives. The main contribution is a comprehensive and detailed description of the controller design process that points out the most critical aspects and gives also some practical hints for implementation. As an example, the MPC is developed for a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive. Speed and current controllers are combined together, including all of the state variables of the system, instead of keeping the conventional cascade structure. This way the controller enforces both the current and the voltage limits. Both simulation and experimental results point out the validity of the design procedure and the potentials of the MPC in the electrical drives field.

2024

Several emerging applications require fast and precise torque control. Torque measurements are still expensive, bulky and delicate. On the other hand, estimation techniques are all valid in principle, but their accuracy is largely affected by model identification and commissioning. This paper proposes an accurate model for the electromechanical conversion mechanism in a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor drive, based on voltage and current signals. It includes all motor losses, to get an enhanced overall accuracy. The key-feature is the commissioning procedure, based on a set of off-line measurements. The procedure details, as well as the successful experimental results on a real laboratory prototype, are reported in the paper.

2024

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2024

Nowadays VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology is being successfully implemented by using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) in applications like power electronics and drives. The main problems in PWM viz. harmonic distortion and switching speed are overcome by implementing the Space-Vector PWM (SVPWM) technique by using the Xilinx tool VHDL (Verilog High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Hardware Description Language) and tested in programmable Integrated Circuits of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The results are provided along with simulation analysis in terms of hardware utilization and schematic, power report, computing time and usage of memory.

2024, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics

This article presents an analysis of the two speed observer structures which are based on the backstepping and sliding super twisting approach. The observer stabilizing functions result from the Lyapunov theorem. To obtain the observer tuning gains the observer structure is linearized near the equilibrium point. The rotor angular speed is obtained from nonadaptive dependence. In the sensorless control system structure the classical PI controllers and transformation to the multiscalar variables are applied. The theoretical derivations are verified in experimental waveforms. Comparison of both speed observer structures is presented for nominal speed, load torque injections while regenerating mode, very low speed range and the uncertainties of nominal parameters of induction machine.

2024, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion

Nowadays, electrical drives generally associate inverter and induction machine. Thus, these two elements must be taken into account in order to provide a relevant diagnosis of these electrical systems. In this context, the paper presents a diagnosis method based on a multidimensional function and pattern recognition (PR). Traditional formalism of the PR method has been extended with some improvements such as the automatic choice of the feature space dimension or a "nonexclusive" decision rule based on the k-nearest neighbors. Thus, we introduce a new membership function, which takes into account the number of nearest neighbors as well as the distance from these neighbors with the sample to be classified. This approach is illustrated on a 5.5 kW inverter-fed asynchronous motor, in order to detect supply and motor faults. In this application, diagnostic features are only extracted from electrical measurements. Experimental results prove the efficiency of our diagnosis method.

2024, nsl.hcmuns.edu.vn

Abstract—This paper presents a new complete artificial neural network (ANN) of Direct–Torque Control (DTC) for the system Matrix converter (MC)–Induction Motor (IM) to decrease the time of calculation of the conventional control system... more

2024

Розглянуто модель генерації шуму взаємодії вихор—лопать (BVI) ротора гелікоптера в дозвуковому діапазоні швидкостей (M = 0,2). Визначено кількісні межі застосування цієї моделі. На підставі повного тривимірного рівняння нестаціонарного поширення малих збурень розв’язано задачу про генерацію шуму від взаємодії лопаті ротора гелікоптера параболічної форми та вихору Тейлора, який розміщений на певній відстані над лопаттю. Для розв’язання цієї задачі використовувався числово-аналітичний метод, який дає можливість отримати значення звукового потенціалу та його похідних у ближньому полі. Аналіз розрахунку коефіцієнта тиску показав, що характер взаємодії вихор—лопать породжує три сплески тиску типу ударних хвиль А, В, С, що вперше експериментально встановлені Г. Тьєманом. Але амплітуди цих сплесків менші за рівнем тих, що спостерігались для трансзвукового діапазону швидкостей. Також встановлено, що рівень BVI-шуму вищий, ніж рівень шуму обертання за відсутності вихору, на 10 Дб (відносно р...

2024

This study presents a sliding mode control and genetic algorithm based sliding mode control of a system with two-bus. The proposed algorithm uses either the coefficients which have been calculated in terms of stability for sliding mode control or the coefficients in the genetic algorithm based sliding mode control which have been calculated by considering stability and optimization. In order to solve the chattering problem of the sliding mode, a solution was offered by obtaining the fast fourier transform of the switching signal and frequency spectrum distribution. Simulation results showed that sliding mode control based on genetic algorithm performs better response than sliding mode control in terms of accuracy.

2024, IEEE International Conference on Electric Machines and Drives, 2005.

2024, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

2024, old.bmf.hu

Servo valve controlled hydraulic differential cylinders are non-linear, strongly coupled multivariable electromechanical systems. When the piston's velocity with respect to the cylinder is in the vicinity of zero the effect of adhesion is a significant effect due to which decreasing absolute value of velocity results in increasing stiction force. Furthermore, when the motion is initiated from equilibrium state of zero initial velocity adhesion can compensate arbitrary forces within certain limits keeping the piston almost fixed. This regime of friction can be modeled by some elastic deformation the deformable elements of which become disconnected over certain force limits. In the paper a concise application of the dynamic LuGre Model of friction is reported in which the effects of the elastic deformation, adhesion, and viscosity are combined with each other. To compensate the effect of the imprecisely known system parameters and unknown external forces an adaptive control is developed in which varying fractional order derivatives are used to reduce the hectic behavior of friction in the case of 'critical' trajectories that asymptotically converge to a fixed position and zero velocity. Simulation results made by INRIA's Scilab are presented. It is concluded that the combined application of the two adaptive techniques can result in accurate control if the LuGre model satisfactorily describes the reality.

2024

Permanent magnet synchronous motors are often used in electrical drives because of their simple structures, ease of maintenance and high efficiency. However, these motors have a nonlinear characteristic arisen from motor dynamics and load characteristics. To overcome this problem, a new speed controller based on genetic algorithms for the drive system is proposed in this paper. To illustrate the performance

2024

Ultra-Capacitor Energy Storage Devices 2.1 Background of Ultra-Capacitors An electric capacitor is a passive dynamic one-terminal electric device. In this context, dynamic means the device terminal voltage to current ratio is not constant and linear. The voltage and current are linked via a differential equation, which is generally a nonlinear equation. As such, the electric capacitor has the capability to store energy as an electric charge, more precisely as an electric field between the capacitor plates. There are three different types of capacitors, namely electrostatic, electrolytic, and electrochemical capacitors. In this book, the electrochemical capacitors, so-called ultra-capacitors, are addressed only. Ultra-capacitors are different from other types of capacitor mainly because their capacitance density (F/dm 3) and energy density (kJ/dm 3) are several orders of magnitude larger than that of electrolytic capacitors. In comparison to electrochemical batteries, the specific energy and energy density are lower, while the specific power and power density are larger, than that of the conventional batteries. Cycling capability is also significantly better compared to batteries. Table 2.1 compares the most important properties of the ultra-capacitor versus batteries and other types of capacitor. 2.1.1 Overview of Ultra-Capacitor Technologies Figure 2.1 shows a taxonomy of the existing types of ultra-capacitors. Here we have to highlight that the ultra-capacitor term is related to a capacitive energy storage device in general, not just so-called Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLCs). In this sense, the whole family of ultra-capacitors can be divided into three groups: EDLCs [1-5, 29, 30], pseudo-capacitors [1], and high voltage ceramic capacitors [6].

2024

Modern controlled electric drives are exclusively based on three-phase motors that are fed from three-phase pulse width modulated (PWM) inverters. Most of modern controlled electric drive applications, such as lifts, cranes and tooling machines are characterized by high ratio of the peak to average power, and high demand for braking at the rated power. In ordinary drives, the braking energy, which represents 30-50% of the consumed energy, is dissipated on a braking resistor. Apart from the “energetic” issue, the mains interruption and degradation, the input current quality and the load fluctuation are additional issues to be addressed and solved.The ultra-capacitor dedicated for power conversion applications has been discussed. In comparison to electrochemical batteries, the ultra-capacitors have higher power density and efficiency, longer life time and greater cycling capability. This makes the ultra-capacitor an excellent candidate for power conversion applications.A new electric ...