European Migration Policy Research Papers (original) (raw)

2025, The Role of the Visegrad Group in the European Union’s Migration Policy during Migration Crisis

2025, Germany’s Dual Approach to Migration Policy: Balancing Humanitarian Values and Realpolitik within the EU

Since the 2015 migration crisis, Germany has played a central role in shaping European Union (EU) migration policy, influencing both humanitarian approaches and political strategies. As the EU's largest economy and a key political actor, Germany has pushed for solidarity-based refugee distribution while also advocating for stricter border controls and external migration deals. This research examines the extent of Germany's influence on EU migration policy, analyzing how it balances its commitment to humanitarian values with Realpolitik-practical political considerations. Through an analysis of policy decisions, agreements like the EU-Turkey Deal, and Germany's domestic politics, this study explores whether Germany's leadership has led to more cohesive or divisive outcomes in EU migration governance. The findings suggest that while Germany has promoted humanitarian principles, its actions have also been driven by national interests, leading to tensions within the EU.

2025

I rimpatri sono un tassello fondamentale delle politiche controllo della mobilità. Spesso si sottolinea lo scarso successo degli sforzi profusi dai governi nel tentativo di aumentare il numero di stranieri allontanati, soffermandosi sui presupposti politici e giuridici di una efficace politica di rimpatrio. Si tratta di questioni senza dubbio rilevanti, che fanno tuttavia passare in secondo piano un aspetto decisivo. Ogni rimpatrio è infatti un atto concreto di coercizione che necessita di precise condizioni per poter essere eseguito a dei costi materiali e umani accettabili.
Questo volume si concentra sulle modalità esecutive dei provvedimenti di rimpatrio forzato in Italia. Basandosi sull’analisi di fonti documentali e di altro materiale empirico inedito, esso getta luce sul processo attraverso cui viene in concreto definita la soglia di accettabilità della coercizione nel corso delle operazioni di rimpatrio. Il volume offre dunque un inedito punto di vista empirico sulle modalità operative di un settore dell’azione amministrativa in cui il coefficiente di coercizione dispiegato è particolarmente elevato. Al contempo esso descrive le sfide etiche e metodologiche dell’attività svolta dall’organismo di monitoraggio dei rimpatri forzati, gettando luce su un aspetto tradizionalmente trascurato dalla letteratura scientifica sui meccanismi di tutela dei diritti umani.

2025, Rome, IAI, March 2025, 4 p. (IAI Commentaries ; 25|12)

In his address to the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos in January 2025, South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa – who currently chairs the G20, the first African leader to do so – outlined a bold and assertive agenda centred on global cooperation, inclusive growth and sustainable development. His address included a renewed call for transparency in the allocation of climate resources and the reform of the global financial architecture that has long been criticised as too rigid to support long-term sustainable development in the Global South.

2025, Teren w antropologii. Praktyka badawcza we współczesnej antropologii kulturowej, red. T. Buliński, M. Kairski, Poznań: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza

2025, Work, Employment and Society

Structural labour shortages have increased demand for skilled and documented migrant workers in Western European labour markets. In response, private recruitment agencies are playing a more significant role in the identification, placement and integration of migrant workers. While the literature on labour intermediation practices has largely focused on the commercial and contractual work of matching workers with employers, this article develops an embedded understanding of labour intermediation that foregrounds the increasingly social and relational nature of intermediation practices in contexts of labour shortage. Through a qualitative study of intermediation in the Belgian construction sector, the article demonstrates the ways in which private agencies seek to produce the 'right candidate' through (i) the infiltration of migrant networks, (ii) the regularisation of migrant workers and (iii) the facilitation of their integration into host societies. These findings advance an expanded understanding of labour intermediation that transcends the conventional matchmaking process.

2025

De Europese Unie vervreemdt veel burgers van zich met haar handelsbeleid. Bij het tot stand komen van handelsakkoorden als TTIP, CETA en JEFTA wordt geen rekening gehouden met mensen die zich bedreigd voelen door de voortsnellende globalisering. Bovendien worden kwesties die voor veel burgers belangrijk zijn, zoals opwarming van de aarde, migratie en belastingontwijking, genegeerd.

2025, Journal of Criminal Justice and Security

Design/Methods/Approach: This qualitative study is based on empirically gathered material such as field interviews and fieldwork observations on Stockholm’s Arlanda airport in Sweden, and a Tallink Silja Line ferry running between Stockholm and Riga in Latvia. The study’s general starting point was an ethno-methodologically inspired perspective on verbal descriptions along with an interactionist perspective which considers interactions expressed through language and gestures. Apart from this starting point, this study focused on the construction of safety as particularly relevant components of the collected empirical material.

2025, Champ pénal

Politiques et pratiques des visas Schengen à l'Ambassade et au Consulat d'Italie au Maroc .

2025, Migration and Asylum – Towards a Joint European Response. Next Steps in Implementing the New Pact

The 11 Central and East European (CEE) Member States have taken different positions on the ongoing EU asylum reform. Whereas Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Romania, and Slovenia support the Pact, Czechia abstained in a crucial vote on some of the key measures in February 2024. Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia voted against most or
all of the ten bills. This vote revealed a continuity in the CEE countries’ positions on EU asylum policies.

2025, Science and Society, 8 (2)

Tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within one group or a society with a symbolic meaning. However, not every tradition is positive – there are many harmful traditional practices throughout the world, most of them centred around treatment of women and children in various cultures. Even though most of them predominantly target women, that is, girls, such as early child marriage, female genital mutilation, honour killing, etc., it is a quite unknown fact that boys, that is, male minors, face similar problems as well. In this paper, the author aims to analyse the harmful traditional practice known as Bacha Bazi, that is, “the dancing boy”, referring to
culturally approved, centuries-old tradition of child sexual abuse practiced in Afghanistan and Pakistan, which has emerged as a negative phenomenon within the migration crisis, and thus, entered the European space. In exploring the origins and forms of cultural justification of this ill practice, the author seeks the answer the following research question: “Does the emergence of the harmful traditional practice of Bacha Bazi along the migration routes pose a threat to Europe?” By using
the method of content analysis, as well as through interviews with humanitarian workers in the Republic of Serbia, the author intends to shed some light onto this negative practice, as well as offer possible detection and prevention methods aimed at saving the male minors from such environments.

2025, Columbia Journal of European Law

The European Union (EU) deploys a number of legal techniques in an effort to make sure that virtually no denial of racialized non-citizens rights – across the spectrum from equality and dignity to the right to life – is ever presented as a violation of EU law, even as the death-toll climbs to the dozens of thousands, turning the Mediterranean Sea into a mass grave through the EU’s and Member States’ incessant efforts. Making this possible is the work of what we would term “EU lawlessness law”: a careful summoning of diverse legal techniques to make basic accountability and the protection of the rights of the racialized passport poor impossible by creating a shield of impunity against the application of international, national, EU and ECHR rights, values, and principles in a principled breach of the spirit – but not the letter – of EU law. We explain how EU lawlessness law operates, how the EU pays for it, how it passes legal scrutiny, and what its objectives are. We outline why it is a grave violation of EU values and why deploying legality to ensure that the most significant rights are turned into fiction is an affront to the Rule of Law. In the EU, there is usually no need to break the law to deny a foreigner her crucial rights: apartheid européen is an essential feature of EU law, from the internal market to the Belarusian forest and the Mediterranean, where the EU’s proxies – such as the so-called Libyan Coast Guard – are hunting, torturing and imprisoning by now more than 120,000 racialized innocents. This contribution elaborates on this starting point showing the evolution over the last decades from passive rightlessness to active criminality, committed with full impunity under the aegis of EU law. The rightlessness of the “other” is achieved through the near complete exclusion of non-EU citizens from the fundamental freedoms in the EU dating back to the colonial inception of the Union. Lawlessness sensu stricto is the next step. It stems from the pro-active stance of the Union and its Member States towards ensuring that the right to seek protection in the EU is turned into an unworkable proclamation where any means are acceptable to guarantee that the law on the books does not apply to the racialized passport poor at the EU’s borders, resulting in unspeakable suffering and a huge death toll. Systemic lack of accountability – legal, as well as democratic – ensures that the EU lawlessness law always favors the Union, never the victims. This paper aims to start bridging the gap between two extremes. On the one hand, there is the day-to-day reality of the outright exclusion of non-citizens from dignity and the protection of the law, backed by the billions the EU has invested alongside countless other incessant efforts to promote lawlessness and a lack of any accountability in targeting the racialized passport poor at EU’s borders and further afield. On the other hand, there are the numerous proclamations about the Union’s equitable value-laden nature.

2025, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space

This article centres the everyday resistance practices by illegalised migrants contained in EU hotspots in Greece. Set against the regime of violent abandonment governing these carceral spaces, the article draws on ethnographic research in the Aegean archipelago to explore how resistance is enacted, experienced, and suppressed. The analysis foregrounds three distinct tactics of resistance-insubordination, insurrection, occupation-whereby migrants, individually and collectively, seek to disrupt carceral mechanisms. By shifting the analytical focus to migrants' often barely visible dissenting practices, the article sheds new light on how modalities of bio/necropolitical power and resistance intersect in the everyday workings of the EU hotspots. It reveals how migrants transform these spaces into stages of (infra)political struggle against forced confinement, even if they are unable to fundamentally weaken the hotspot regime as such. The article concludes that attending to migrants' everyday resistance practices, however fragile, fragmented, and fleeting, is critical. These practices not only unmask the racialised violence that resides at the core of the hotspot regime but its inability to fully contain migrants' desire for autonomous movement.

2025, Policy Paper

The Policy Paper of the project “Best partnership practices of NGOs with local authorities in advocacy Ukrainian refugees’ issues”, which was implemented by the International Institute of Education, Culture and Diaspora Relations in partnership with the Ukrainian Initiative in the Czech Republic, the UNITERS Foundation and the Union of Ruthenians-Ukrainians of the Slovak Republic with the support of the International Visegrad Fund during 2024. The goal of the project was to collect, discuss, analyze and disseminate the best practices of public organizations from the Visegrad Group countries in promoting active lobbying for policy changes and proper management of Ukrainian war migrants’ issues at the local level.

2025

A call for papers!
On what? The financial dimension of local policies for migrant integration. Instruments, conditions, effects.
Why? Because migration scholars, especially those investigating local integration policies, have surprisingly overlooked the financial dimension of policy-making.
For when? Deadline for abstracts is 15 January 2025.
Who to send it to? Madlen Pilz, Irene Ponzo and myself (check the emails in the pdf)

2024

This study presents a comparative overview of recent policy developments in Denmark, Finland and France. The focus of the analysis is on progress achieved in the last three years in the adaptation of the reception and integration system for the high numbers of new arrivals and on the main challenges encountered. Special attention is given to changes in perceptions, public opinion and political discourse with respect to the asylum and integration of refugees and how this influenced policy strategy. This document was provided by Policy Department A at the request of the European Parliament’s Employment and Social Affairs Committee. The integration of refugees in Denmark, Finland and France This document was requested by the European Parliament’s Committee on Employment and Social Affairs. AUTHORS Manuela SAMEK LODOVICI, Istituto per la Ricerca Sociale Serena Marianna DRUFUCA, Istituto per la Ricerca Sociale Anthea GALEA, Milieu Consulting ADMINISTRATOR RESPONSIBLE Stefan SCHULZ EDITOR...

2024

Since 2013, civil and interstate wars have roiled North Africa and the Middle East. These conflicts, along with poverty in both regions, have led to the largest migration to Europe since the end of World War II. This thesis considers the effects of mass migration on Italy and the European Union (EU). It examines Italian and EU military responses to the migrant crisis, as well as possible means to dedicate greater resources to aid in security endeavors. This thesis also explores the impacts that the migrant crisis has had on the Italian economy and politics. It analyzes the Italian immigration system, along with how it interfaces with the EU's immigration system, and explores ways in which both can promote more effective migrant and refugee economic integration. This thesis concludes that current EU and Italian efforts to address the Mediterranean migrant crisis are falling short of effectively managing the migrant and refugee influx. This thesis recommends NATO involvement concerning the security and flow management aspects of this challenge, and also argues that better economic integration of the migrants and refugees may hold the key to economic renewal in various EU member states, notably Italy.

2024

2024, Analisi Difesa

Il dramma delle vittime e dei sopravvissuti alla sciagura di Cutro è sotto la lente dellamagistratura italiana: sono sottoposti a procedimento penale sia gli scafisti individuati al momento del fatto che il personale della Guardia costiera e della Guardia di finanza cui vengono addebitate responsabilità omissive. Da questo punto di vista bisognerebbe verificare se analoghe responsabilità possono essere imputate a rappresentanti di Frontex o della Guardia costiera ellenica

2024, JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

This paper analyzes the marriage, family, and reproductive regimes prevalent in a Roma group that, in the post-socialist period, has moved from Romania to over 16 countries in Western Europe and North America. It is based on a long-term collaborative ethnography that allowed the detailed reconstitution of 807 unions held from 1938 to 2021. Family networks in this diaspora have today a transnational character and maintain an intense social interaction by digital means. The paper will show how a partly autonomous social order is constituted and reproduced by a marriage and kinship system that involves gender formations and autonomous domestic development cycles. At its core is an implicit and successful reproductive regime that is often assumed to be biologically determined, and of no value to cultural analysis. Marriages tend to be universal, adolescent, pronatalist, and endogamous (often consanguineous) within this "community of understanding." They are also negotiated and arranged by paterfamilias following a literal patriarchy or father rule. However, young people often act on their preferences influencing their parents or eloping. Marriages as household exchanges are launched by three major economic transactions. These transactions open the horizontal "circulation" of women and wealth between households following viri-patrilocal residence norms that generate patrigroups and fraternal coalitions.

2024, Cuadernos electrónicos de filosofía del derecho

Este ensayo busca identificar las condiciones bajo las cuales se puede establecer la responsabilidad en casos de actuaciones colectivas, específicamente cuando estas dan lugar a juicios justificados de responsabilidad simétrica. Establecer la responsabilidad supone una respuesta a la pregunta de qué es una actuación colectiva. Sin embargo, como muestra la discusión de dos casos, no hay claridad en cuanto a la respuesta a esa pregunta ni la importancia de responderla. Se argumenta que las actuaciones colectivas, según el modelo de Bratman, pueden entenderse como intenciones compartidas que conducen a una actividad compartida. La investigación concluye mostrando que este modelo puede responder precisamente a qué es una actuación colectiva y cómo los juicios de responsabilidad simétrica dependen de su satisfacción PALABRAS CLAVE.

2024, World Bank / Sambrian Mbaabu

This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the researchers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union or the EU Trust Fund for Africa. Cover image: © World Bank / Sambrian Mbaabu, CC 2.0. This does not indicate endorsement. Suggested Citation: Research and Evidence Facility (REF). June 2020. 'COVID-19 and mobility, conflict and development in the Horn of Africa. REF briefing paper', London: EU Trust Fund for Africa (Horn of Africa Window) Research and Evidence Facility. For more information on The Research and Evidence Facility visit the website blogs.soas.ac.uk/ref-hornresearch and follow @REFHorn on Twitter.

2024

EU Delegations are potentially a huge strategic asset for the European Union and the achievement of a more coherent, visible and effective external action. They have gone through considerable changes in recent years, particularly since the Treaty of Lisbon came into force in 2009 and the European External Action Service (EEAS) came into being in 2010. This paper is the first in a series of Briefing Notes (BN) dedicated to how the EU’s external action actually works in practice. We aim to provide insights from the 'front line' of EU external action and to identify what influences the impact of EU Delegations on the ground, both in terms of promoting a more coherent and result-oriented EU external action.

2024, STUDIA IURIDICA

In many aspects of its jurisprudence the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) examines the issues regarding aliens and migration. These cases concern inter alia: illegal migration, deprivation of liberty of illegal migrants, conditions of their detention, illegal migrant minors, unaccompanied migrant minors etc. The analysis of these issues involves numerous rights and freedoms enshrined in the Convention. However, the provisions of European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) do not focus explicitly on aliens. In fact, the only provisions of the ECHR mentioning expressis verbis aliens are: Article 16 (prohibition of restricting the public activity of aliens) , Article 4 of Protocol No. 4 to the ECHR (prohibition of collective expulsion of aliens) and Article 1 of Protocol No. 7 to the ECHR (procedural guarantees regarding the expulsion of aliens) .
Despite very few explicit references to ‘aliens’ in the Convention, the judicial achievements of the ECtHR in this area are extremely extensive, actually incomparable to other international mechanisms for the protection of individual rights and freedoms. This follows from a broad interpretation of the provisions of the ECHR. Article 1 of the Convention guarantees the rights and freedoms provided for in the ECHR to ‘everyone’ under the jurisdiction of Contracting Parties , and is therefore not limited to providing protection to nationals of Contracting Parties .
The Court’s jurisprudence has been subjected to wide analysis in regard of aliens. Most of the issues concern alleged violations of articles 2, 3 and 8 and those are subjected to analysis . However, the very provision which clearly focuses on the prohibition of collective expulsion of aliens is often omitted or treated as ‘secondary’ provision in this regard. The main aim of this article is to focus on the Article 4 of Protocol No. 4 to the ECHR and its role in the process of protecting the rights of aliens within the European Paradigm of their protection.

2024

The paper makes some conceptual and methodological proposals for the study of "best practices" in the field of migrant integration. First, it offers an overview of the development of the concept of migrant integration in EU policies in the last decades. Then, starting from a critical analysis of the literature on "best practices", it provides a tentative definition and selection criteria for the identification of "functioning practices" concerning immigrant integration.

2024, La responsabilidad por actuaciones colectivas: una propuesta bratmaniana

2024, International Migration Review

Sudden rises in migration across the borders of the Global North have persistently attracted substantial media attention and fueled hostility toward "irregular migrants" and "bogus refugees." While existing qualitative studies have extensively criticized the migrant-refugee distinction, we offer unique quantitative evidence of how migration numbers and labels construct impressions of increased irregular The first two authors share co-first authorship.

2024

Historically viewed as countries of emigration, the Maghreb nations have experienced a significant shift since the 1990s, witnessing a notable increase in the presence of sub-Saharan migrants. While their impact on their socio-economic landscapes is evident, academic research has focused primarily on migration to and within the Global North. This paper addresses the Eurocentric bias toward migration mainstream academia by examining the new patterns of trans-Saharan migrants in the Maghreb region. Annually, 65,000 to 120,000 trans-Saharan migrants traverse the Maghreb, with only a small fraction successfully reaching Europe after surviving the perils of their long journey. To fill this knowledge gap, the research employs a qualitative methodology, analyzing textual data including policy briefs to provide a more inclusive and nuanced perspective on sub-Saharan irregular migration in the Maghreb.

2024, E-International Relations

2024

The EU is continuing to explore new approaches in the legal enforcement tools that it uses to ensure compliance with EU policies. The EU now combines mechanisms of public or centralised enforcement, on the one hand, with private or decentralised enforcement, on the other. It has also evolved in the last 20 years in order to find alternative and complementary enforcement tools. One key element is the principle of partnership between the EU and the Member States, involving ex ante enforcement mechanisms by which the Commission provides guidance and assistance to prevent non-compliance by Member States. Three case studies illustrate different trends and issues within this process. EU border control policy and the Schengen area show how the combination of horizontal and vertical mechanisms in a particular enforcement arrangement can evolve; horizontal cooperation and peer review continue to be valued even as the evaluation system has come to be Union-led. Competition policy is an exampl...

2024, Ares, A. y Bonamini, C. (2024). “Il Patto europeo sulla migrazione e l'asilo e l'insegnamento sociale della Chiesa”, La Civiltà Cattolica, Volume III, número 4181, pp. 345 – 360. ISSN: 0009-816

The recent European Pact on Migration and Asylum, approved in April 2024, reforms the existing Common European Asylum System with the declared aim to provide a “comprehensive approach” to migration and create “faster, seamless migration processes and stronger governance of migration and borders policies”. The Pact also wants to “reduce unsafe and irregular routes and promote sustainable and safe legal pathways for those in need of protection”. Despite such intentions, the overall legislation has been met with heavy criticism from the broad civil society working with refugees and migrants, including from institutions related to the Catholic Church. This article explains why, by analysing the relationship between the new EU pact and the Christian values of the Church's social doctrine.

2024, International Migration

Introduction to Special Issue of the journal International Migration, Vol. 62, No. 4, virtual issue published online on August 2024.

2024

Der UN-Ausschuss zum Schutz vor dem Verschwindenlassen hat im April 2019 Leitlinien verabschiedet, um die Suche nach Verschwundenen effizienter zu machen und die Rechte von Familienangehörigen zu stärken. Sie basieren auf den einschlägigen internationalen Übereinkommen und auf den Erfahrungen von Betroffenen, zivil gesellschaftlichen Akteuren und staatlichen Stellen bei der Suche nach Verschwundenen

2024, Translating the Middle Ages

This paper examines the botanical treatise composed by the North African geographer al-Sharif al-Idrisi (d. 1165) while he was resident at the Norman court of Roger II in Palermo, Sicily. The paper examines Idrisi's treatise from several perspectives, most principally as an effort to record and translate into Arabic different bodies of indigenous knowledge concerning plant life in the lands of the western Mediterranean, and, secondarily, as a supplement to his monumental geographical work, Nuzhat al-Mushtaq fi Ikhtiraq al-Afaq, better known to European audiences as The Book of Roger.

2024, Percorsi costituzionali, Neutralità e Costituzione,

Lo status di neutralità maltese, maturato attraverso un articolato percorso
politico-costituzionale, si presenta oggi come un unicum. Peculiari il
suo carattere volontario, la qualificazione di “active neutrality”, la sua dettagliata
regolamentazione. Il tema è di attualità ora che gli equilibri internazionali
hanno portato alcuni Paesi a modificare la loro tradizionale neutralità.
Il fondamentale ruolo assunto dall’Italia nel riconoscimento e nella
garanzia dello status maltese va considerato con attenzione.
The status of Maltese neutrality, developed through a complex political-
constitutional path, presents itself today as unique. Its voluntary nature,
the qualification of “active neutrality” and its detailed regulation are
peculiar. The topic is current now that the international situation led some
countries to change their traditional neutrality. The fundamental role assumed
by Italy in the recognition and guarantee of the Maltese status
must be carefully considered.

2024, Antipode

This paper engages with the relationship between dissident European mayors and the migrant solidarity movement in Europe after 2015. With the case study of the coalition "From the Sea to the City", I examine how its members institutionalise mayors' dissent at a transnational level through the International Alliance of Safe Harbours. Employing primary empirical data, the study finds that coalition members create a political sequence in four ways: developing a storyline and setting up a broad coalition of migrant solidarity; referencing mayors' disruptive acts; nurturing counter-imaginaries; and laying the foundation for further action towards transforming the instituted order of European migration politics. To conceptualise the empirical findings, I draw on concepts of political organisation. In this vein, the paper calls for an assessment of movement politics that goes beyond the belief that local disruptions will suffice to set in motion a progressive transformation of European migration politics.

2024, Andrews University Horn Museum Research

Gezer Calendar, Paleo -Hebrew Inscriptions
Comparisons of Valve Consecutive Structures of the Gezer Calendar and Genesis Narrative of Mosaic Record, Biblical Studies Research

2024, Rome, IAI, June 2024, 5 p. (IAI Commentaries ; 24|32)

The latest elections showed that the radical right within the EU Parliament has increased its seats and hence political influence. The conservative group of the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) gained 7 seats while the Identity and Democracy (ID) group has enlarged its membership by 9. In addition, the radical right can count on the support of 15 MEPs from Alternative für Deutschland and the 11 belonging to the Hungarian Fidesz party. If united, the bloc would gather support from 160 MEPs, being the second political force in the Parliament. The new landscape may drive the future Commission to seek votes from the aforementioned right-wing groups, trading some strategic priorities to avoid the creation of a large anti-Commission bloc in the Parliament. The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), whose importance has grown during the current legislative term due to recent crises in Ukraine and the Middle East, is one of the policy areas that could be impacted by the outlined scenario.

2024

Die integrationspolitik in der eu richtet sich traditionell an legal ansässige Drittstaatsangehörige (third country nationals, tCN) 1 in den Aufnahmeländern. Dazu zählen personen, die internationalen Schutz genießen (d. h. ‚Flüchtlinge') sowie die Nachkommen legal im lande lebender Drittstaatsangehöriger, die entweder im Ausland geboren wurden und in jungen Jahren ins gastland kamen oder dort geboren wurden (d. h. ‚die zweite Generation'). der rechtsstatus stellt für drittstaatsangehörige daher mit blick auf lebensunterhalt, dem Zugang zu Rechten, zum Arbeitsmarkt, zu sozialleistungen und zu gemeinschaftsgütern sowie für die allmähliche entwicklung eines Zugehörigkeitsgefühls zum gastland eine wesentliche Voraussetzung dar. in einigen Fällen richtet sich die integrationspolitik in der eu auch an Personen, die internationalen Schutz beantragen (d. h. ‚asylbewerber').

2024

The information and views expressed herein are solely those of the author(s) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the EU, the HOPES consortium, its implementing partners, Yaşar University nor the project partners. All errors... more

2024, Pogranicze. Polish Borderlands Studies

Włochy to państwo, w którym historia emigracji jest dłuższa od historii imigracji. W 1976 roku przypływ ludności z Azji, Afryki i Europy Wschodniej do tego kraju zrównoważył odpływ ludności włoskiej i od tego czasu zjawisko imigracji zyskiwało we Włoszech na znaczeniu. Artykuł prezentuje zatem proces kształtowania włoskiej polityki imigracyjnej, problemy związane z nazewnictwem migrujących cudzoziemców oraz obecną sytuację imigrantów i uchodźców we Włoszech. Autorzy starają się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy obecność „obcych” w tym kraju może być traktowana jako zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa społecznego państwa.

2024, IMISCOE research series

A key debate in migration studies has been around the conditions that account for the emergence of different immigration and integration policy models as well as the factors that explain recent trends of convergence in discourses, policies and practices. Since the early 2000s, part of this discussion has focused on the South-North divide. As countries such as Greece, Italy and Spain went from being emigration countries to becoming (all of a sudden and intensively) immigration countries, a distinction started to be made between old immigration countries in Northern and Western Europe and new immigration countries in Southern Europe (Bruquetas & Doomernik, 2014). The former had received guestworkers and-in some cases such as the Netherlands and France-migrants from the former colonies in the 1950s and 1960s, and family migrants and refugees from the 1970s onwards. The latter were seen mostly as labour immigration countries, with high labour demands in low productivity sectors eminently covered by "spontaneous migrants" that legalised their situation in one of the numerous regularisation campaigns of the early 2000s. As mentioned in the introduction of the book, over the last 25 years, the image of Southern European countries as weak guardian of borders with precarious admission systems has contributed to forge the "negative exceptionality" of the Southern European model in comparison with the rest of Europe.