Glass-Fibers Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Glass fibre waste (GFW) coming from wind turbine blade production was used for the first time as a reinforcement agent in inorganic polymer (geopolymer) production. The influence of glass fibre content and length on the inorganic polymer... more

Glass fibre waste (GFW) coming from wind turbine blade production was used for the first time as a reinforcement agent in inorganic polymer (geopolymer) production. The influence of glass fibre content and length on the inorganic polymer microstructure, apparent density, and compressive and tensile strength was evaluated. Results demonstrate that the use of short, randomly distributed fibres significantly enhance the geopolymers' compressive strength (by up to ~162%) and tensile strength (by up to ~77%), while overcoming the brittle nature of the geopolymers. It was also found that the glass fibre content, rather than the fibre length, is the dominant factor affecting the geopolymers' mechanical properties. These results demonstrate the possibility of using an unexplored waste stream (glass fibre waste) as a reinforcement agent in inorganic polymers, which may reduce the amount of wastes in landfill and lower inorganic polymer production costs, while simultaneously contributing towards the circular economy.

Reinforced concrete moment resisting structures everywhere throughout the world is in necessity of quick actions for overhauling their execution level to survive the seismic loading impacts. Failure of beam column junctions are identified... more

Reinforced concrete moment resisting structures everywhere throughout the world is in necessity of quick actions for overhauling their execution level to survive the seismic loading impacts. Failure of beam column junctions are identified as the central cause of failure in moment resisting frames during seismic loads. Successful and economical techniques are required to improve joint structural properties and ductility of structures. In present work the seismic behavior of beam column joints with Diagonal cross bracings and strengthened concrete is contemplated. Performance of beam column joints with reinforcement specifications as per IS 13920:1993 and IS 456:2000 along with diagonal cross bracings, strengthening of concrete by using glass fibers and GGBS are studied in this exertion. The outcomes in this study illustrates that the provision of additional diagonal cross bracings and strengthening of concrete shows improvement in structural properties like load carrying, energy dissipation capacities and ductility which eventually improves the seismic behavior of beam column joints.

The mechanical failure behavior of fiber reinforced polymer composites is extremely basic to the designing applications. The crack modes and failure modes of the components under strain must be completely comprehended with an end goal to... more

The mechanical failure behavior of fiber reinforced polymer composites is extremely basic to the designing applications. The crack modes and failure modes of the components under strain must be completely comprehended with an end goal to understand the energy absorption capacity of such composites. The present study involved in the preparation of density graded E-glass fiber laminates (DGL) addition of multi walled carbon nano-tube by weight percentage and mechanical property evaluation of density graded FRP made of E-Glass fiber and polyester resin. The property evaluation involves tensile strength, flexural strength and Intra laminar strength. The obtained test results show that MWCNT content significantly affect the different properties of laminates. Tensile, and Flexural strength values of MWCNT content specimens show increasing trend compared to non MWCNT content specimens. Hence MWCNT content specimens show best results compared to non-MWCNT filler content ones. INTRODUCTION As glass fiber strengthened polymer composites (FRP) present expanding significance as load bearing parts in numerous applications [3], precise prediction of quality and failure behavior turns out to be important[4]. Size and density of the component are parameter in prediction of mechanical properties of composite part. As per literature, [2] strength of the FRP increases with increasing the fiber mat density, which also affects density and thickness of overall composite [5]. This weight to strength ratio and thickness to strength ratio effect can be minimized by fabrication of composites by density grading, which increases significance for the improvement of thin-laminate for fabricating composite components.

Life cycle analysis is a technique to analyze environmental aspects associated with products or processes to identify energies, materials, and emissions over its life cycle. The energy analysis concerned material production phase,... more

Life cycle analysis is a technique to analyze environmental aspects associated with products or processes to identify energies, materials, and emissions over its life cycle. The energy analysis concerned material production phase, manufacturing phase, use phase, and end-of-life phase. In this research, the synthetic glass fiber-reinforced polyester polymer composites manufactured by using the pultrusion process was analyzed. For wider spread use of composites, it became critical to estimate how much energy was consumed during the lifetime of the composites compared to other materials. In particular, we evaluated potentials for composite materials to save energy in auto industry applications. Hybrid model, that combined process analysis with economic input–output analysis, was used to capture both direct and indirect energy consumption of the pultrusion process in the material production and manufacturing stages.

This paper presents the Mix designs of M25 grade concrete prepared by mixing two different types of materials i.e., cement is partially replaced by silica flour and glass fibers are used to strengthen the concrete by adding them with... more

This paper presents the Mix designs of M25 grade concrete prepared by mixing two different types of materials i.e., cement is partially replaced by silica flour and glass fibers are used to strengthen the concrete by adding them with certain percentages to the weight of cement. Silica Flour is replaced by 0%, 10% & 20% with cement and Glass Fibers are replaced by 0%,0. 4%, 0.8%&1.2% to the weight of cement. In this experimental study the strength properties of cement are tested. By this project it can be proved that the cement production can be reduced.

A self-compacting concrete (SCC) is the one that can be placed in the form and can go through obstructions by its own weight and without the need of vibration .its first development in Japan in 1988, SCC has gained wider acceptance in... more

A self-compacting concrete (SCC) is the one that can be placed in the form and can go through obstructions by its own weight and without the need of vibration .its first development in Japan in 1988, SCC has gained wider acceptance in Japan, Europe and USA due to its inherent distinct advantages. The major advantage of this method is that SCC technology offers the opportunity to minimize or eliminate concrete placement problems in difficult conditions. It avoids having to repeat the same kind of quality control test on concrete, which consumes both time and labor. Construction and placing becomes faster& easier. It eliminates the need for vibration & reducing the noise pollution. It improves the filling capacity of highly congested structural members. SCC provides better quality especially in the members having reinforcement congestion or decreasing the permeability and improving durability of concrete. The primary aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of using SCC by examining fresh and hardened properties by introducing glass (0.1%) and steel (1.5%) fibers of M40 Grade SCC and comparing the same with M40 Grade Plain SCC. Also, to study the fresh and hardened properties of M80 Grade SCC with varying Packing Factors i.e. 1.12,1.14,1.16,1.18 and comparing the same with M80 Grade conventional concrete When the fiber reinforcement is in the form of short discrete fibers, they act effectively as rigid inclusions in the concrete matrix. Physically, they have thus the same order of magnitude as aggregate inclusions; steel fiber reinforcement cannot therefore be regarded as a direct replacement of longitudinal reinforcement in reinforced and prestressed structural members. However, because of the inherent material properties of fiber concrete, the presence of fibers in the body of the concrete or the provision of a tensile skin of fiber concrete can be expected to improve the resistance of conventionally reinforced structural members to cracking, deflection and other serviceability conditions. Compressive strength of concrete is measured by testing standard cubes (150mm x 150mm x 150mm) at the age of 7 days, 28 days and 90 days, The tests were conducted on varying percentages of steel fibers and studied for their torsional resistance for combined loading under torsion-bending-shear.The existing literature indicates that many researchers have studied the torsional strength, torsion to moment or torsion to shear of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams. However, scanty literature is available on testing of specimen blended with steel crimped fiber and flyash subjected to combined torsion, bending and shear.Hence, by observing the existing literatures, this work is carried out with different percentages of fibers with the inclusion of admixtures to form binary blended concrete to study the behavior of specimen subjected to combined torsion, bending and shear and to achieve the optimum fiber percentage for Binary Blended Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams.

Ballistics is the study of the science of the motion and behavior of a projectile during its flight in any given medium. The flight path of a bullet in cases of firearms includes: traveling down the barrel, path through the air (or in a... more

Ballistics is the study of the science of the motion and behavior of a projectile during its flight in any given medium. The flight path of a bullet in cases of firearms includes: traveling down the barrel, path through the air (or in a medium), and path through the target. The damage to the target by a hurling projectile depends upon various parameters like the type of the propellant charge used, type of the firearm, the distance of firing, etc. In some instances, it becomes difficult to estimate the range of firing when the projectile has been shot through the glass as an intermediate target. Present work is based upon the effect of 0.32 caliber bullets on fiberglass fired from different ranges and determination of range of firing from by studying the fracture pattern created on the fiberglass. The present study will be helpful for the investigator to estimate an approximate range of shooting when the firing is done through the fiberglass. It will also be utilized in the estimation of the point of entry and exit on the glass and the basis of the fracture produced will provide an idea of the type of firearm used can also be estimated.

Optical communication is an internationally accepted communication for long distance communication. As it is a reliable way of communication it can be implement in short distance communication. The term short distance communication is... more

Optical communication is an internationally accepted communication for long distance communication. As it is a reliable way of communication it can be implement in short distance communication. The term short distance communication is commonly define for in-home connections, automotive, hospitals etc. For short distance communication low cost, low lose high speed and high capacity transmission medium is required. In this work it explains about an optical transmission medium that is a plastic optical fiber instead of a glass fiber as it can meet all the demands of short distance communication requirements. This paper defines about a POF link and its scope in recent years. Some of the prime objectives or demands that need to be addressed are increased capacity, improved data rate, decreased latency, and better quality of service. To meet these demands, drastic improvements need to be made in cabling side. This paper presents the results of a detailed survey and scopes of POF.

Fiber-reinforced plastic composite materials are being widely used in a variety of load bearing and high-performance structures. Reliable use and optimum design requires accurate methods for predicting their fracture behavior, among other... more

Fiber-reinforced plastic composite materials are being widely used in a variety of load bearing and high-performance structures. Reliable use and optimum design requires accurate methods for predicting their fracture behavior, among other things. Fiber reinforced plastic composites are generally opaque and hence experimental fracture mechanics studies utilize surface measurements or post-fracture analysis. Hence quality transparent glass cloth reinforced polyester composites have been fabricated and transmission photoelasticity used to investigate quasi-static Mode-I fracture. The isochromatic fringe patterns obtained were analyzed using orthotropic photoelasticity to determine Mode-I stress intensity factors. Opening mode stress field equations in conjunction with an orthotropic stress-optic law were utilized to regenerate the isochromatic fringe patterns. Good agreement was found between the regenerated fringe patterns and the experimentally obtained patterns

Purpose: Fractures in acrylic resin dentures occur quite often in the practice of prosthodontics. A durable repairing system for denture base fracture is desired to avoid recurrent fracture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the... more

Purpose: Fractures in acrylic resin dentures occur quite often in the practice of prosthodontics. A durable repairing system for denture base fracture is desired to avoid recurrent fracture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture force, deflection, and toughness of a heat-polymerized denture base resin repaired with autopolymerized resin alone (C), visible light-polymerizing resin (VLC), or autopolymerizing resin reinforced with unidirectional (Stick) (MA-FS) and woven glass fibers (StickNet) (MA-SN). Another group was repaired with autopolymerized resin after wetting the repair site with methyl methacrylate (MA-MMA) for 180 seconds. A group of intact specimens was used as control.Materials and Methods: Heat-polymerizing acrylic resin was used to fabricate the specimens. The specimens (10 per group) were sectioned in half, reassembled with a 3-mm butt-joint gap, and repaired. A cavity was included when glass fibers were used. Three-point bending was used to test the repaired site, and data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and the Tukey's post hoc test (α≤ 0.05).Results: Fracture force, deflection, and toughness for the repaired groups without reinforcement (MA: 46.7 ± 8.6 N, 2.6 ± 0.3 mm, 0.08 ± 0.001 J; MA-MMA: 41.0 ± 7.2 N, 2.7 ± 0.4 mm, 0.07 ± 0.002 J) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the control group (C: 78.6 ± 9.6 N, 5.9 ± 0.4 mm, 0.27 ± 0.003 J). Repair with visible light-polymerizing resin (VLC, 15.0 ± 4.0 N, 1.2 ± 0.4 mm, 0.02 ± 0.0001 J) resulted in significant reduction of mechanical properties (p < 0.05). Reinforcement with glass fibers restored (MA-SN: 75.8 ± 9.2 N) or increased (MA-FS: 124.4 ± 12.5 N) the original strength.Conclusion: The most effective repair method was the use of autopolymerized resin reinforced with unidirectional glass fibers.

The natural fibers such as jute, coir, hemp, sisal etc. are randomly used as reinforcements for composite materials because of its various advantages such as low cost, low densities, low energy consumption over conventional fibers. In... more

The natural fibers such as jute, coir, hemp, sisal etc. are randomly used as reinforcements for composite materials because of its various advantages such as low cost, low densities, low energy consumption over conventional fibers. In addition, they are renewable as well as biodegradable, and indeed wide varieties of fibers are locally available. In this study, glass–jute fiber reinforced polymer composite is fabricated, and the mechanical properties such as tensile , flexural and impact behavior are investigated. The materials selected for the studies were jute fiber and glass fiber as the reinforcement and epoxy resin as the matrix. The hand layout technique was used to fabricate these composites. Fractured surface were comprehensively examined in scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine the microscopic fracture mode. A numerical procedure based on the finite element method was then applied to evaluate the overall behavior of this composite using the experimentally applied load. Results showed that by incorporating the optimum amount of jute fibers, the overall strength of glass fiber reinforced composite can be increased and cost saving of more than 30% can be achieved. It can thus be inferred that jute fiber can be a very potential candidate in making of composites, especially for partial replacement of high-cost glass fibers for low load bearing applications.

Reinforced concrete moment resisting structures everywhere throughout the world is in necessity of quick actions for overhauling their execution level to survive the seismic loading impacts. Failure of beam column junctions are identified... more

Reinforced concrete moment resisting structures everywhere throughout the world
is in necessity of quick actions for overhauling their execution level to survive the
seismic loading impacts. Failure of beam column junctions are identified as the
central cause of failure in moment resisting frames during seismic loads. Successful
and economical techniques are required to improve joint structural properties and
ductility of structures. In present work the seismic behavior of beam column joints
with Diagonal cross bracings and strengthened concrete is contemplated.
Performance of beam column joints with reinforcement specifications as per IS
13920:1993 and IS 456:2000 along with diagonal cross bracings, strengthening of
concrete by using glass fibers and GGBS are studied in this exertion. The outcomes in
this study illustrates that the provision of additional diagonal cross bracings and
strengthening of concrete shows improvement in structural properties like load
carrying, energy dissipation capacities and ductility which eventually improves the
seismic behavior of beam column joints.

The aim is to evaluate the flexural strength of acrylic resin bars depending on the addiction of glass fibers with or without previous 3-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (silane) application. Short fibers (3 mm) were treated and added... more

The aim is to evaluate the flexural strength of acrylic resin bars depending on the addiction of glass fibers with or without previous 3-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (silane) application. Short fibers (3 mm) were treated and added to an acrylic resin powder, being further mixed with acrylic liquid to create bars (25 × 2 × 2 mm) of 11 experimental groups (N = 10), according to the interaction of experimental factors: weight % of glass fibers: (0.5; 1; 3; 4; 6 and 7) and silane application (with silane (S) or without silane (N)). Flexural strength and scanning microscopy evaluation were performed (SEM). Data (MPa) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey (α = 5%). A significant difference between groups was observed (p = 0.001): S7%(128.85 ± 35.76)a, S6% (119.31 ± 11.97)ab, S4% (116.98 ± 25.23)ab, N4% (107.85 ± 24.88)abc, S1% (96.29 ± 20.65)bc, S0.5% (89.29 ± 7.33)cd, S3% (89.0 ± 11.27)cd, N3% (86.79 ± 17.63)cd, N1% (85.43 ± 16.44)cd, Control (73.29 ± 25.0)de, N0.5% (59.58 ± 19.46)e. For N groups, it was not possible to include more than 4%wt fibers. SEM showed better fiber-resin interaction for S groups, and fractures around fibers on N groups. Previous silane application enables the addiction of greater quantity of glass fibers and better interaction with the acrylic resin resulting in higher flexural strength. Without silane, fibers seem to act as initial crack points due to poor interaction.

— This research work mainly investigates the local production of 12 built up GFRP I-beams using Hand Lay-Up production method (since up-till now there is no pultrusion industry in Egypt). Overall strength characteristics of these beams... more

— This research work mainly investigates the local production of 12 built up GFRP I-beams using Hand Lay-Up production method (since up-till now there is no pultrusion industry in Egypt). Overall strength characteristics of these beams will determined experimentally and compared to those manufactured by the Pultrusion process. This comparison will help to estimate to how extent the locally manufactured beams (by Hand Lay-Up technique) can be used in full permanent structures (like pultruded beams) or at least used in light and temporary structures. In order to achieve this goal, the experimental study was divided into two stages: The first stage is to manufacture GFRP plates using glass fibers and polyester. Two types of plates were produced one for flange plates and the other for web plates. These two types of plates are different in fibers orientation of different layers within the plate thickness in order to reach the possible higher tensile and flexural strength for flange plates and possible higher shear strength for web plates. Longitudinal and transverse tensile, compressive, and flexural strength for these two types of plates were experimentally determined using coupons tests. The second stage is to produce built-up GFRP I-beams using the aforementioned plates and composite angles. The overall stiffness and modes of failure of these beams were experimentally determined. The obtained results were compared with those of pultruded I-beams manufactured in the United States by pultrusion process. Also three different connecting methods for the 12 tested beams were investigated, namely: Bonding – Bolting – Bolting/Bonding connecting techniques. Of course it is expected that some local fabrication parameters (like fiber and polymer properties available in the local market, labour, temperature, polymer curing …etc) are expected to affect the properties of the fabricated beams specially that these beams are manufactured manually.

Concrete is most widely used construction material in the world. Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is a concrete in which small and discontinuous fibers are dispersed uniformly. The fibers used in FRC may be of different materials like... more

Concrete is most widely used construction material in the world. Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is a concrete in which small and discontinuous fibers are dispersed uniformly. The fibers used in FRC may be of different materials like steel, G.I., carbon, glass, aramid, asbestos, polypropylene, jute etc. The addition of these fibers into concrete mass can dramatically increase the compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of concrete. FRC has found many applications in civil engineering field. Based on the laboratory experiment on fiber reinforced concrete (FRC), cube and cylinders specimens have been designed with steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) containing fibers of 0% and 0.5% volume fraction of hook end Steel fibers of 53.85, 50 aspect ratio and alkali resistant glass fibers containing 0% and 0.25% by weight of cement of 12mm cut length were used without admixture. Comparing the result of FRC with plain M20 grade concrete, this paper vali...

L’utilisation des matériaux composites dans les structures navales s’est amplifiée depuis les années 1970 permettant un gain de poids et un coût de maintenance réduit. Néanmoins, elle s’accompagne d’exigence de sécurité incendie du fait... more

L’utilisation des matériaux composites dans les structures navales s’est amplifiée depuis les années 1970 permettant un gain de poids et un coût de maintenance réduit. Néanmoins, elle s’accompagne d’exigence de sécurité incendie du fait de la dégradation rapide de ces matériaux lorsqu’ils sont soumis à une flamme ou à un flux de chaleur élevé. Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche partenariale avec un constructeur naval dédié à l’étude du comportement au feu des matériaux composites pour la fabrication d’un navire de recherche. Des stratégies d’ignifugations des matériaux composites avec des solutions commerciales ont été testées dans une première approche. La comparaison de retardateurs de flamme en masse et d’ignifugation en surface a été mise en place pour juger de l’efficacité de ces stratégies sur la réaction au feu du composite. De plus, une évaluation de la résistance au feu d’une solution choisie a été menée à l’aide du cône calorimètre. Par la...