Global value chain Research Papers (original) (raw)

2025, Verfassungsblog

The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union ('The Charter') does not mention animals. The ignoring or downplaying of animals is however a general feature of EU law including in the area what might be called 'global value chain law' (GVC Law), a central part of contemporary economic law. Animals do not enjoy a particular or special status and are not given a particular legal form in GVC Law. An insight which allows for deeper reflections on how law has observed both animals and humans throughout history as the difference in status between animals and humans might be smaller than often assumed. This again allows for recasting the concept of social condition produced through law and legal techniques.

2025, Journal of Asian and African Studies

In 1991 Zimbabwe liberalised its economy. This resulted in the opening of the national economy to foreign investment. In line with this, subcontracting arrangements between international corporations and local commodity producers became prevalent. While this attracted scholarly interest, most of it is on global agricultural value networks. By tracing the integration of rural women knitters into international markets, this article offers a different case study. While integration into the knitwear global value chain afforded the women an opportunity to earn an income, their employment remained precarious. This article draws on archival data and interviews from participants to make its case.

2025, Dados

Este artículo realiza una interpretación teórica crítica de las cadenas globales de valor, entendidas como una relevante herramienta para el análisis de los procesos de globalización, no sólo a nivel académico sino a nivel institucional, a partir de la formulación de estrategias de desarrollo promovidas por gobiernos y organismos internacionales en el Sur Global. Teniendo en cuenta la evolución del concepto a partir de una perspectiva comparada con la teoría del sistema-mundo que le diera origen, se destacan las debilidades fundadas tanto en aspectos ligados al distanciamiento respecto de dicha teoría, como en los limitantes que surgen producto de la plataforma teórica que ambas comparten. Las restricciones para comprender la inalterada recreación de la estructura jerárquica y desigualadora del capitalismo, y los divergentes escenarios al interior del Sur Global, emergen como los limitantes teórico-empíricos más importantes. En este sentido, el trabajo concluye subrayando algunos de...

2025, RePEc: Research Papers in Economics

How much does a nation spend on resources to 'grease the wheels of trade'? To examine this question the Dutch economy is used as an exemplary case as the Netherlands are known as a nation of traders. This image was derived in the seventeenth century from successes in long distance trade, shipping and financial innovations. Despite its historical background in trading the potential to 'truck and barter' has never been adequately measured. In this paper we present a first attempt in measuring and describing the Dutch transaction sector. Measurement by means of occupational data points out that approximately 25 percent of Dutch workers are employed in transaction jobs, and 29 percent if one includes transport and distribution tasks. From a historical perspective this may seem large, but we make the case that traditional sector categories underestimate the true trading character of an economy. Furthermore, we find that in enhancing transactions cities or agglomerations remain important, suggesting that face-to-face trade remains an important element of modern transactions. In contrast to the history of immigrants in the Netherlands, the main immigrant groups of today do not fulfill a brokerage function in bringing about trade between different cultures.

2025

Brand building is crucial in any competitive market. A strong brand can create opportunities for growth, a larger market share, establish an entry barrier for competitors and help maintain consumer loyalty. A brand that performs at its optimum capacity is an asset to a company and is linked to a high brand health index score. Using the Brand Health Index (BHI), this paper evaluated the brand health of selected companies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) over the period December 2001 to December 2017. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health of selected brands of South African companies listed on the JSE and determine the relationship between brand health and profitability. A non-probability sample of 28 brands from the target population that consisted of brands competing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South

2025, The Singapore Economic Review

In this paper, we characterize the position of Singapore in global value chains and identify Singapore’s key upstream and downstream trade partners. We trace how the position of Singapore in global value chains has changed in the past two decades: whether it has moved upstream or downstream, how involved it is in global value chains, how its trend compares with the other major Asian exporters (China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong), and which key sectors of Singapore play a major role in these global trade networks.

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

2025, Miguel Angel Porrua eBooks

La Red Latinoamericana de Nanotecnología y Sociedad (ReLANS) reúne en este libro trabajos de sus miembros en diferentes países de América Latina. El tema central son las transferencias de tecnología entre la I + D y la producción de nanotecnologías. Se incluyen análisis a nivel de país, casos concretos, datos estadísticos de patentes y de innovación, inventario de empresas de nanotecnología. Publicaciones previas de la RED LATINOAMERICANA DE NANOTECNOLOGÍA Y SOCIEDAD • Nanotecnologías disruptivas

2025, Journal of Globalization, Competitiveness, and Governability

2025, Society and Economy

The paper takes a special perspective to summarise what researchers have revealed on global value chains in Hungary. The ‘space-time’ structure is how the ‘force field’ of the amount of value added is shared and how the process it creates characterises specific global value chain networks. There is a growing literature that reveals the ‘dents’ of the GVC force field: the uneven distribution of value-added content, and mainly the controversial possibilities to upgrade in the network. Hungary is a typical example of a semi-peripheral or integrated periphery country. The paper discusses the lessons of different global value chain relations of the country in different geographical environments in terms of the two dimensions of ‘space’ and ‘time’; that is the potential and structure of value added and its dynamics, as well as compares them through an automotive industry case study.

2025, Agrosvit

В статті проаналізовано сучасний стан розвитку та структуру ринку зерна України. Аргументовано обсяги експортних пропозицій зерна та продуктів його переробки вітчизняними виробниками. Означено, що участь нашої країни в глобальних ланцюгах доданої вартості стосовно зернової продукції потребує кращих експортних позицій. Доведена необхідність забезпечення у цьому сегменті ринку збільшення експорту продуктів із високою часткою доданої вартості. Розглянуто умови і фактори, які впливають на формування доданої вартості продукту. Наголошено, що кооперування у сфері виробництва, переробки зерна та реалізації зернопродуктів значно збільшить додану вартість за рахунок покращення логістики та раціонального використання матеріальних ресурсів. Це, в першу чергу, збільшить величину прибутку через зменшення операційних витрат. Розбудова виробничої інфраструктури, у тому числі елеваторів, дасть змогу доводити зерно до вищих кондицій та експортувати його за найкращою ціною у сприятливі для цього періоди. Обгрунтована необхідність прийняття на державному рівні стратегії розвитку вітчизняного ринку зерна щодо участі в глобальних ланцюгах доданої вартості. Це дасть можливість посилити експортні позиції через покращення якості зерна та збільшення експорту продуктів його переробки. The article analyzes the current state of development and structure of the grain market of Ukraine. It is found that our country is increasing grain production every year. In 2021, 86.0 million tons of grain were collected in the state and this is a record for the production of cereals and legumes. The volumes of export offer of grain and products its recycling are reasoned. t was noted that in 2021 were sold on value 12.3 billion US dollars on grain exports, which is almost 100 times more than in 2000. It is indicated that our country's participation in global value added chains in relation to grain products requires the best export positions. The need to ensure in this segment of the market an increase in exports of products with a high share of value added is proven. It has been studied that the processing of grain into flour increases the added value by 55-65%. Compared to the production of raw materials in the processing of grain for compound feed, the added value is doubled, and in the production of bakery products, the added value increases 2.5-2.6 times. The conditions and factors affecting the formation of value added of the product are considered. It is noted that cooperation in the field of grain production, processing and sale of grain products will significantly increase value added by improving logistics and rational use of material resources. This, first of all, will increase the amount of profit due to the decrease in operating costs. The development of production infrastructure, including elevators, will allow bringing grain to higher conditions and exporting it at the best price in favorable periods. In addition, there will be an opportunity to abandon intermediaries who now buy from small producers most of the grain at low prices. Such cooperation will provide small commodity producers with the formation of the necessary volume of export grain supply. Due to increased production efficiency, such cooperative associations can create more processing enterprises. The necessity to adopt at the state level a strategy for the development of the domestic grain market for participation in global value added chains is substantiated. This will make it possible to strengthen export positions by improving the quality of grain and increasing the export of products of its processing.

2025, Frontiers in Environmental Science

This study aims to find the nexuses among energy efficiency, renewable energy consumption, foreign direct investment, logistics industry, manufacturing industry and global trade during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on global supply chains in exporting nations of the world. The data for this study has been extracted from the World Development Indicators and Statista 2021 for 13 years ranging from 2007-to 2020 for nine top exporting countries. The fixed effect panel estimation technique was implied to examine and analyze the data. The results of our study revealed that highly risky diseases significantly impact supply chain operations globally. Global supply chains, logistics and manufacturing industries significantly influence global trade operations. Our results implicate that the overall international trade and logistics can be enhanced by improving the manufacturing and logistics industries by coping with the risk of pandemic diseases. Moreover, by utilizing cost-effectiv...

2025

This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University.

2025, CIIT

This qualitative study examines the place of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in contemporary business operations in the Philippines. With a focus on eight companies—Concentrix, BDO, Teleperformance, RCBC, Security Bank, LBC, 2GO, and Accenture—the research employs thematic analysis to examine how automation technologies are transforming operational processes, customer experience, workforce dynamics, and regulatory compliance. The report shows that RPA is no longer an emerging phenomenon but a strategic necessity, making enterprise transformation, operational efficiency, and financial inclusion a possibility. This paper adds localized perspectives on how automation is pushing competitive advantage and reconfiguring business models by industry.

2025, Journal of Cleaner Production

In the agri-food sector, global partnerships between lead firms and international NGOs design standards that aim to enhance environmental sustainability and to some extent realise social justice. However, the effectiveness of such standards is limited when their content and governance provokes resistance in production regions upstream in the chain. This paper addresses the question whether and how multistakeholder partnering makes internationally constructed standards fit local institutions, i.e. norms, rules and practices in producers' regions. The case studies make use of 'global value chain' and 'global production network' approaches to analyse two examples of globalelocal interactions: Utz Certified rooibos tea in South Africa and Aquaculture Stewardship Council certified shrimp in Indonesia. The analysis demonstrates that producer regions are not always merely standard-takers. Co-creation in standard-setting and certification may occur when the chain's commercial exploitation of natural resources threatens sourcing in the long term, when local partnerships experienced in environmental protection of the resource become involved in the implementation, and when global and local partnerships interact not only via hierarchically organised value chains, but also via a newly emerging public space.

2025

This paper examines the sustainability claims of private quality standards, voluntary adopted by supermarket to improve the quality of products in respect of food safety, and environmental and social sustainability. The concept of 'sustainability' is defined as the opportunity for upgrading by developing country suppliers in the retail supply chains. The paper reports of an explorative analysis on the perceived effects of 36 quality standards in the retail on upgrading. Data was collected through a survey of a wide variety of relevant media: websites, scientific articles and reports, policy reports, and online newspaper articles. The overall conclusion is that the majority of the 36 standards are perceived to facilitate trading opportunities for developing country producers, but only for those suppliers who can meet the criteria of quality standards. The study found interesting differences between various categories of standards. Standards initiated by NGOs and partnerships are perceived to offer better upgrading opportunities to suppliers than do standards initiated by (inter-) governmental authorities, by individual firms, or by business associations. Standards with an explicit social and social/environmental focus have a more positive influence on process and product upgrading in developing countries compared to voluntary food safety standards. Product-specific standards offer better upgrading opportunities than do generic quality standards.

2025

The modern financial economy arose as a key dimension of the post-industrial transition, where knowledge and technology replaced traditional industries as the cornerstone of societal advancement. This evolution was driven by two pivotal components: investment and banking, which together formed the foundation for economic growth and social change. 1. Investment as a Catalyst for Progress Technological Innovation: Investments during the post-industrial period prioritized emerging industries like information technology, biotechnology, and automation. This focus spurred innovation, laying the groundwork for economies built on intellectual and technological assets. Infrastructure Development: Governments and private entities invested heavily in infrastructure, connecting societies and fostering urbanization. This strengthened economies while transforming societal landscapes. Global Market Accessibility: Investments became more globalized, enabling companies and individuals across borders to participate in financial markets. This interconnectedness shaped new cultural and economic interdependencies. 2. Banking as an Engine for Economic Mobility Financial Accessibility: Modern banking diversified services to include wealth management, international finance, and digital banking, allowing individuals and businesses unprecedented control over their financial activities. Economic Stabilization: Enhanced regulations and international frameworks, particularly after WWII, stabilized financial systems and reinforced public trust in banking institutions. Digital Revolution: The integration of technology, like online banking and blockchain, revolutionized financial accessibility, efficiency, and security. 3. Social and Economic Shifts Rise of the Knowledge Economy: As manufacturing declined, knowledge-based industries like finance, healthcare, and tech grew. Societies adapted by emphasizing education and skill development to meet the demands of these new sectors.

2025, Sustainability

Studies on policies oriented to Global Value Chains (GVC) focus much attention on developing countries and upgrading opportunities. Recent trends related to digitalization, market requests, and new consideration for value linked to manufacturing challenges GVC-oriented policies in developed countries. Such policies may refer to the attractiveness of foreign investments or increase the value captured through upgrading. At the city level, explicit policies promoted by municipalities are oriented to attract and support manufacturing activities to increase employment, entrepreneurship, and urban specializations while leveraging the new technological scenario. However, despite their interests in policies for economic growth at the national and cluster levels, research on the Global Value Chain has paid limited attention to cities and their role as production contexts within value chains. Linking to research on urban manufacturing and based on an empirical study on six cities (Barcelona, ...

2025, Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography

Recent literature has problematized the limits of deeply held assumptions about linear, unidirectional upgrading trajectories in global value chains (GVCs). As firm and chain trajectories and sources of upgrading have changed in recent years, GVC analysis has adjusted to focus on new emerging actors and new distributions of power within value chains. After a discussion of some limits to the treatment of upgrading in the GVC literature, the paper develops a simple extension of the classical model of upgrading in ways that do not presuppose particular valuations of functional, product, and processes upgrading, and that do not fetishize upgrading as such. The paper works with case studies of four Chinese firms located in Ningbo, China. Each 'wears multiple hats' and together they provide illustrative examples of the limits of linear, unidirectional approaches of upgrading. This simple model has the singular advantage of ensuring that trajectories of business upgrading and downgrading in GVCs can be understood as always open, often operating in diverse and contradictory ways. In this sense, the confusion of upgrading with firm strategy with their regional impacts can be avoided.

2025, Chinese Journal of Communciation

This article delves into China’s role within global capitalism through
the stories of Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in the Italian fash-
ion industry. Moving beyond the state-centrism and methodologi-
cal nationalism prevalent in Chinese communication studies and
fashion studies, this research underscores the intertwined develop-
ment paths of the Italian and Chinese fashion industries. Probing
into the operations of Chinese apparel manufacturers in Prato,
Italy, the article indicates how they strategically sourced from both
nations and built original brands to upgrade their position within
global value chains. Their position straddling two countries, how-
ever, also exposes them to a distinct set of vulnerabilities, includ-
ing national and racial discrimination and a dearth of substantial
external financial support. Through the lens of grassroots immi-
grant entrepreneurs, the article challenges the cultural essentialism
tied to country-of-origin labels and presents a fresh viewpoint to
scrutinize and complicate the existing narrative about global China.
Situating the Chinese apparel industry in Prato in the ongoing
transformation of the world economy, the article reveals how the
international frictions concerning China’s rise often reflect the
deep-seated global economic hierarchies and the shared tribula-
tions of late-developing countries.

2025, Bio-based and Applied Economics

This paper aims to overview the recent body of empirical work on the importance of Global Value Chains (GVCs) in international production and trade. We begin by reviewing different approaches and levels of GVC analysis. We then consider developments in methods and data. Focusing on the agriculture and food sector, we present a map of GVC measures - at the country and sectoral level - computed using trade in value added data to allow researchers to better assess the countries’ engagement in GVCs. We also apply this data to show some stylized facts on GVC participation and positioning in agriculture and food and provide empirical evidence of the economic impact of the GVCs on these sectors. We conclude with some critical issues and speculative thoughts regarding the future of GVCs.

2025, Bio-based and Applied Economics

2025

The most recent literature on international trade highlights the key role of Global Value Chains (GVCs) in structural transformation, development and growth. The connection to global networks may represent an opportunity for supporting the on-going transformations of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially in agriculture and food markets. In this paper, we give a description of GVCrelated trade for Burkina Faso in order to assess the geographical and sectoral trade diversification in terms of value-added content along international chains. A new modelling Trade in Value Added module is introduced to the Global Trade Analysis Project model and used to empirically assess the impact of a regional trade agreement on Burkina Faso's backward and forward connections of agriculture and food sectors. Our findings support the view that a more liberalized regional market would strengthen regional integration and boost the participation in international production networks, both through backward and forward linkages.

2025, Frontiers

Introduction: Iran, with a wide variety of climates, is among the top 20 countries in the world in terms of medicinal plant production, yet it does not have a significant position among the top exporting countries of medicinal plants and... more

2025, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers

The dominant political-economic approaches to global trade flows known as global value chains and global production networks offer powerful insights into the coordination and location of globally stretched supply chains, in particular from global South to North. By way of both conceptual and empirical challenge, this paper highlights flows of end-of-life goods from the global North towards the global South. This involves the disassembly and destruction of goods to recover secondary resources for further rounds of commodity production. Global recycling networks take things of rubbish value (often spent or 'end-oflife' goods) and turn them back into resources in other places and production networks. They operate not through adding value, but by connecting different regimes of value. The paper does not set out a new conceptual framework, but asks what challenges the rekindling of value in used goods creates for global commodity chain analysis and what insights those approaches bring to looking at 'waste' flows. The examples of used clothing and end-of-life merchant ships are mobilised to illustrate the dynamics of global recycling networks and to challenge prevailing commodity chain approaches in three key areassupply logics and crosscutting networks, value and materiality, and inter-firm governance. We argue that resource recovery engenders highly complex and brokered forms of governance that relate to practices of valuing heterogeneous materials and which contrast markedly with the modes of co-ordination dominated by 'big capital typical of global production networks for consumer goods.

2025, SRI Papers

There is a growing interest in the resilience of agri-food supply chains. Questions are emerging regarding the features of a resilient supply chain and how one can enhance resilience, particularly with respect to food production and supply given the ‘perfect storm’ facing the nexus between food, climate, energy and water. As with many buzz words, it is apparent that the term “resilient supply chain” is used in different ways, with different assumptions, scopes and objectives, and in ways that potentially may be incompatible.
This paper is based on both a systematic literature review (SLR) and a multistakeholder workshop. Our analysis of the academic literature highlighted a gulf in understanding of resilience in the context of agri-food supply chains between academic disciplines, especially between the social-ecological and the supply chain literatures in terms of what resilience along a whole supply chain may mean, suggesting a large research gap.
Moreover, our engagement with practitioners has highlighted a gap between the academic literature and thinking and practice among various stakeholders (companies, NGOs etc.) at different parts of the food supply chain. We aim to build up a shared understanding of resilience in agricultural supply chains and set an agenda for inter-disciplinary research that enhances the ability to build up resilience in this context.
Future research on resilience needs to consider the appropriate focus of analysis (resilience for whom, incorporating views and needs both upstream and downstream in the supply chain), to adopt a dynamic approach that engages with non-linear processes of environmental and societal change and should also incorporate governance as well as other
legal and regulatory tools and understanding of power relations.

2025, Journal of Cleaner Production

2025, Journal of the knowledge economy

This study examines for the first time whether trade policy uncertainty emanating from the United States significantly predicts Nigeria's participation in global value chains. It further examines the kind of global value chain participation in Nigeria (forward or backward linkages) that is most predictable by the United States trade policy uncertainty. To achieve the study objective, frequency domain causality, wavelet coherence analysis, and time-varying causality are employed in analyzing annual data sets over the period 1990-2019. The summary of the study findings is as follows; first, trade policy uncertainty emanating from the United States significantly predicts Nigeria's overall integration into global value chains. Second, there is a positive association between Nigeria's integration into global value chains and the United States trade policy uncertainty. Third, Nigeria's overall integration into global value chains is highly correlated with the United States trade policy uncertainty in periods around the global economic crisis of 2007/08 and Nigeria's recession of the late 2010s. Fourth, most of the predictability noticed in the relations between trade policy uncertainty generated by the United States and the overall global value chain participation is caused by the relations between the United States trade policy uncertainty and Nigeria's forward linkage into global value chain participation.

2025, RePEc: Research Papers in Economics

This paper maps the integration of India's automobile sector in the context of the structural transformation of contemporary capitalism, in particular with reference to what is variously described as Global Commodity Chains, Global Value Chains, Global Supply Chains etc. It explores the multiple dimensions of economic and social upgrading within the Indian auto sector as a consequence of its deepening participation in these 'chains'. The paper is divided into six sections. Section 1 provides a brief introduction; Section 2 gives a brief profile of the Indian automobile sector and also discusses briefly its major constituents, namely, original equipment manufacturers (henceforth OEM) and auto component segment, and their geographical distributions; Section 3 provides an overview of the data and methodology; Section 4 analyses India's GVCs participation, using a couple of indicators, and examines some aspects of economic and social upgrading in both the organised and unorganised sectors; Section 5 flags a few recent policies and plans adopted by India's central government in this industry; Section 6 concludes the chapter with a recap of major findings.

2025, RePEc: Research Papers in Economics

Recent theoretical work suggests that the presence of foreign direct investment (FDI) lowers a country's noncooperative Nash tariff. To test this hypothesis, we first adapt the theoretical model formulated by to derive an intuitive, empirically testable equation. This equation is an augmentation of the standard formula equal to the inverse of export supply elasticity. Using constructed estimates of export supply elasticities and measures of FDI, we test this hypothesis with respect to tariffs set by China prior to 2001. We focus on China before its accession into the World Trade Organization (WTO) for two primary reasons: first, China is a recipient of FDI during this time; and second, prior to becoming a WTO member China can be seen as a player in a noncooperative game. We find evidence to suggest that before entering the WTO, China chooses lower tariffs, ceteris paribus, for industries that receive more FDI. This is an important result since having a better understanding of how countries act unilaterally will provide insight into the multilateral cooperative outcome; that is trade negotiations.

2025, International Journal of Applied Engineering & Technology

It is now more than ever that enterprises must use cutting-edge tools to remain competitive and adaptable to evolving markets. This article discusses the business process optimization transformative impact of data analytics and its focus on Dynamic Process Adaptation Using Real-Time Multi-Source Analytics (DPA-RMA). The architecture connects many sources of data ranging from IoT devices to CRM and social media channels, to dynamically modify processes in real time instead of static optimization. The report lists several advantages of real-time analytics such as: Better decisions made with proofs, Higher efficiency through workflow optimization and redundancies, highly personalized customer experiences. These benefits enable organizations to achieve operational excellence and stay agile in changing markets. But data analytics isn't easy to apply. The paper pinpoints the top challengesorganization resistance to change, data security, infrastructural needs to implement real-time analytics solutions, etc. For all these, the research suggests concrete interventions such as change management procedures, strong encryption and scalable cloud platforms. Furthermore, the study also shows how it is crucial to follow data protection laws like GDPR and HIPAA to avoid risk and protect trust. Predictive and prescriptive analytics can be enabled using the new technology such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), with a vision forward-looking approach, the paper proposes. In offering an overview of analytics-based optimization as compared to the traditional approaches and a roadmap for overcoming implementation challenges, this research offers a practical guide to any organization looking to make the most of data analytics. These results validate not only the strategic importance of moving to data-driven operations but also the importance of creating an innovation and adaptability organizational culture.

2025, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS)

The 21st century has been one of great change in the global economic, political, and social landscapes, thanks to rapid technological advances-reshaping them all into a new techno-feudal order dominated by Big Tech. This paper presents an analysis techno-feudalism and the upcoming Cold War that is digital, where corporations' control over digital infrastructure and data is reminiscent of medieval feudalism. These "digital lords" extend influence far beyond markets, challenging state sovereignty and transforming international relations. The paper focuses on the rapidly growing US-China rivalry in artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, big data, and 5G technology. It flags how these technologies are being weaponized against cyberattacks and economic disruptions, reconfiguring governance and global security. In contrast to the decentralized strategies of the US Big Tech, China's centralized use of AI, as represented by its Social Credit System, has brought about fast changes in its technological development while affecting social norms and economic arrangements. The study adopted a mixed-method approach that includes qualitative and quantitative analyses, as well as case studies and the Delphi technique. The major findings explain how digital monopolies stifle competition, how cyber warfare could destabilize critical infrastructure, and to what extent Big Tech is increasingly affecting governmental policies and societal norms. Examples include ransomware attacks like the Colonial Pipeline incident and the WannaCry malware attack, pointing out vulnerabilities of the global digital infrastructure and associated economic consequences. Emphasis is placed on the need for immediate international regulatory frameworks to address the ethical, economic, and security concerns brought about by techno-feudalism and the Digital Cold War. This article encourages cooperation in the aspects of risk reduction, promotion of equitable technological development, and reinforcement of security measures worldwide. This paper serves to significantly expand one's knowledge of the power dynamics at play in the digital age and their consequences for relations among nations.

2025

The study investigates the knowledge spill-over from TNCs to supplier-firms in the apparel industry in Bangladesh. Dynamic capability of the entrepreneurs and the absorptive capacity of the employees enable firms to upgrade their position from CMT (cut-make-trim) to ODM (own-design-manufacturer) and OBM (own-brand-manufacturer) stage in the global value chain. This is a sign to make a move from static efficiency to dynamic efficiency that ensures downstream upgradation. Using case study method on ten firms from both TNCs and supplier-firm's side the study explores four fundamental factors such as national level infrastructure and institutional support, firm level infrastructure and resources (tangible), visionary leadership, and managerial & technical efficiency that lead such upgradation in the value chain process. The study further argues that close relationship between TNCs and supplier-firms and the visionary leadership directly affect the knowledge spill-over and upgradation of supplier firms from developing country. 3 Islam, T. M. and Rana, M. B. (2012). 'Upgradation of Bangladeshi Apparel firms in the Global Value Chain: Knowledge Spillover and Dynamic Capability Perspective', presented in ISMD -12TH Biennial Conference, May 21-25, held in Casablanca, Morocco, organised by the International Society for Markets and Developments.

2025

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of education infrastructure on rural development by focusing on poverty, employment, agricultural productivity, and healthcare. Additionally, the study also the moderating effect of Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) on the relationship between education infrastructure and rural development in Katsina State Nigeria. This study adopted a cross-section survey design and the data for the study was mainly from primary source through questionnaire. Human capital theory was adopted as the underpinning theory of the study, and based on a theoretical review, a research model was proposed that examines the relationship between the variables. Eight hypotheses were postulated that tested the effect of education infrastructure and the moderating effect of NGOs on rural development (comprising poverty, employment, agricultural productivity, and healthcare). The total population of this study was 5,801,485 out of which 384 are taken as the samp...

2025, International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities

This study addresses a gap in Indonesia's mineral-downstream policy research by identifying the optimal policy scenario for enhancing the added value of primary metal mineral commodities. This research examines competitive and comparative advantages and economic impacts using system dynamics modeling. Initially, qualitative interviews are conducted to identify elements affecting domestic refining facilities' growth, followed by quantitative surveys and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to prioritize factors fostering these advantages. Findings suggest that developing existing theories to fit Indonesia's specific context is crucial, and focus group discussions with key mining company decision makers are recommended to develop relevant indices. This method evaluates policy options to determine those offering the most significant economic advantage for each mineral type by analyzing unique characteristics and mapping them to suitable policies. Integrating competitive and comparative advantages into the mineral-added value policy context maximizes economic returns and provides practical recommendations for policymakers, addressing a critical gap in the literature.

2025, Journal of BRICS Studies

Global value chains have shaped world production and trade. This research article examines the connections between the value chains of the BRIC economies and South Africa's role in positioning BRICS-Africa trade as a member of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) using BRIC value chains that has been tailormade to increase BRICS share of the AfCFTA market. It argues that in order for BRICS's to increase its competitiveness in AfCFTA and the global market, intra-BRICS trade should be based on value chains that has been developed specifically to support BRICS and provide it with the competitive leverage necessary to explore new market opportunities. AfCTA presents such a market. Additionally, the article reveals that for BRICS to succeed in AfCFTA through its value chains, it must recognise South Africa's potential (to host some of these) and its geographic location on the African continent. Furthermore, BRIC needs to appreciate that South Africa can successful...

2025

This paper describes the main features of China's economic and industrial reforms and considers the key strategic issues which determine effectiveness in the transfer and management of technology. It is based on investigations being carried out by a team of British and Chinese researchers. These involve studies within government and other agencies as well as case study analyses of state-owned and joint venture enterprises. A particular aspect of the investigations is that they concentrate on the situation in the traditional industrial areas of China which, unlike the Special Enterprise Zones, have not so far experienced the same levels of foreign investment and are seen as being more problematic in terms of their ability to absorb modern manufacturing technology. The paper addresses three key issues that have emerged as being relevant across the areas of study: i) the formation of enterprise groups as a means of developing and facilitating technology transfer, ii) the need for f...

2025, MPRA Paper

Developing countries often are characterized as producers and exporters of a few types of natural resource based goods. Intuition dictates that these countries should change their strategy from being merely merchandise producers to technology developers in order to experience higher level of development. Hence, the study analyses the effect of technology production and export specialization on the per capita income and growth of some countries in West and East Asia and the Pacific and investigates their behavior in this regard. Moreover, some recommendations are drawn for East-West Asian economic relationships from these results.

2025

L’industrie alimentaire du futur passe par le numerique.. Alimentation et numerique Feuille de route ANIA

2025, Competition and Change

Focusing on the apparel industry, this article contends that the global manufacturing context increasingly obliges developing countries to construct or promote regionalised production sites aiming to capitalise on local institutional assets. The dissemination of standardised business practices and procedures by leading multinational firms to their main suppliers has played a critical role in driving this trend. Changes in recent decades in global apparel production as well as new, high-tech systems of supply-chain management are compelling retailers to source from local 'clusters' of interrelated firms and institutions. At the same time, this trend may contradict the key contentions of the locally-oriented cluster approach because the adoption of similar apparel contracting, assembly and delivery procedures in diverse developing regions can undercut the logic of emphasising local institutional assets. The rising importance of inter-linked clusters in the global apparel industry supports theoretical conceptualisations that integrate the global value chain and cluster perspectives and delineates how the spread of similar logistics and supply chain management practices by multinational retailers and buyers shape development strategy and, therefore, development prospects.

2025, tesis

A nuestras familias, quienes supieron entender el tiempo que no pudimos brindarles, asimismo, su apoyo, cariño y comprensión para hacer realidad esta meta trazada.

2025

A nuestras familias, quienes supieron entender el tiempo que no pudimos brindarles, asimismo, su apoyo, cariño y comprensión para hacer realidad esta meta trazada.

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

Cet article présente les principaux résultats du projet de recherche Métha'revenus, financé par le ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, et commandé en 2019 au laboratoire Ladyss (CNRS). Il adopte une approche institutionnaliste dite « de filière » pour rendre compte de la dynamique de revenu de la méthanisation agricole en France. Il distingue deux périodes : celle de l'émergence de la méthanisation, portée par des éleveurs pionniers et soutenue par les politiques publiques à partir des années 2000 ; celle du développement de la filière marqué par une augmentation du nombre des intermédiaires, par une logique d'optimisation du pouvoir méthanogène et une plus grande concurrence entre les agriculteurs-méthaniseurs d'une part, et entre agriculteurs et industriels d'autre part après 2015. Nos résultats montrent une diversité de manières de dégager un revenu de la méthanisation agricole en France, du fait de l'histoire de l'émergence et du développement de la filière. Ils soulignent aussi que cette filière connait actuellement une logique d'industrialisation et d'extension -au sens d'une augmentation du nombre de segments et donc d'acteurs. Cette dynamique se traduit par une plus grande difficulté, pour certains agriculteurs, à dégager un revenu de cette activité non agricole, en particulier pour ceux situés en amont de la filière et qui n'ont pas réussi à internaliser au maximum les différentes étapes du processus de production. Il n'est pas certain que les agriculteurs, à terme, parviennent à être des acteurs dominants de la méthanisation et à en dégager un revenu significatif, quelles que soient leurs spécificités. Revenu, méthanisation, exploitant agricole, industrie, analyse de filière, économie. Le texte ci-après ne représente pas nécessairement les positions officielles du ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation. Il n'engage que son auteur.

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

2025, arXiv (Cornell University)

2025, Applied Energy

A network analysis of trade investigates the global value chains in the long run. The share of cyclic value shows a correlation with oil price of 85%. The null model proves that this is not explained by first order properties of network. Results show the link between crude oil price and the international division of labor. Transport costs had an underestimated impact on the structure of production globally.

2025

This paper examines the intricate relationship between innovation and Global Value Chain (GVC) participation, with a focus on Africa's increased integration into global networks. The study underscores the importance of National Innovation Systems (NIS) in fostering technological advancements and highlights the potential of GVCs to drive industrialization in African countries. Despite challenges like inadequate R&D infrastructure, limited financing, and human capital gaps, African nations have opportunities to leverage innovation for improved GVC integration. Using a systematic search and review methodology, the paper critically evaluates existing literature on innovation and GVCs, drawing lessons for Africa for improved GVC integration. It identifies key themes related to innovation, GVCs, and industrialization, emphasizing the role of both government and firms in facilitating successful GVC participation. The study suggests that strategic government interventions, such as coherent industrial policies and investment in quality infrastructure, are essential for GVC integration. Additionally, it advocates for African firms to adopt proactive strategies, including technology upgrading and export activities, to enhance their competitiveness in global markets. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for cross-border collaboration and regional integration to strengthen innovation capabilities and support sustained economic growth in Africa.