History of Nuclear Power Research Papers (original) (raw)

2025, Laser-Based Uranium Enrichment: Principles, Methods, and Implications

As a modern uranium enrichment technology, laser uranium enrichment capitalizes on laser excitation for the selective enrichment of uranium isotopes and claims to be a more energy-saving and possibly cost-effective alternative to traditional methods of enrichment, such as gaseous diffusion and centrifuge separation. This paper explores the fundamental scientific principles of laser enrichment, with a particular emphasis on the Separation of Isotopes by Laser Excitation (SILEX) method. The discussion includes an analysis of how laser excitation differentiates between uranium-235 and uranium-238 isotopes, the technical advancements that have improved the efficiency and viability of SILEX, and a comparison with other laser-based enrichment techniques. In addition, this paper will discuss possible pros of laser enrichment, such as the low energy consumption and enhanced isotope selectivity, as well as some hurdles, such as technical complexity, proliferation concerns, and regulatory implications. The implications of laser uranium enrichment on nuclear energy production, international security, and non-proliferation efforts are also analyzed. The first chapter gives an overview of laser enrichment technology. The second chapter describes the elements needed to produce a functional enrichment laser. The third chapter discusses the importance of scale in producing lasers for uranium enrichment. A summary of all of these and the key findings include a future trajectory for laser-based uranium enrichment for both civilian and defense users.

2025, Polityka Energetyczna

OErodowiskowa ocena prognozowanej struktury wytwarzania energii elektrycznej w Polsce do 2030 r. STRESZCZENIE. Celem artyku³u jest zaprezentowanie mo¿liwooeci wykorzystania metody LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) do oceny skutecznooeci i efektywnooeci realizacji polityki energetycznej w obszarze ochrony oerodowiska i innych dzia³añ strategicznych na szczeblu krajowym, regionalnym i lokalnym. W artykule omówiono znaczenie energii w badaniach LCA oraz dokonano charakterystyki polskiego sektora energetycznego. Analiza polega³a na okreoeleniu oddzia³ywania na oerodowisko produkcji energii elektrycznej w Polsce zgodnie z ró¿nymi scenariuszami (scenariusz bazowy struktura na rok 2012) oraz obliczeniu potencjalnego efektu ekologicznego dla zmian planowanych do wprowadzenia w polskim systemie energetycznym do 2030 roku. Do tych badañ wykorzystano dane ogólne pochodz¹ce z bazy danych Ecoinvent oraz udzia³y procentowe poszczególnych nooeników w strukturze produkcji energii elektrycznej. Aktualna oraz przysz³a (2015-2030) struktura wytwarzania energii w Polsce zosta³a zamodelowana na podstawie danych statystycznych i za³o¿eñ Polityki energetycznej Polski do 2030 roku. Wykonane analizy po-zwoli³y na ocenê i weryfikacjê dzia³añ podjêtych w polityce energetycznej kraju, a uznanych za niezbêdne dla poprawy jakooeci oerodowiska (zw³aszcza w zakresie maksymalnej redukcji emisji gazów cieplarnianych), dziêki którym sektor ma staae siê niskoemisyjny i bardziej konkurencyjny. Analiza bazuj¹ca na przysz³ych za³o¿eniach programowych polskiej polityki energetycznej po-zwoli³a oceniae ich s³usznooeae oraz wskazaae obszary wymagaj¹ce podjêcia szybkich dzia³añ naprawczych.

2025

He is the author of Decolonization and the Evolution of International Human Rights (2010), and his recent research has focused on shifts in the meaning of the 1948 University Declaration of Human Rights in articles in the Journal of Global History and Humanity. At present, he is completing a monograph on competing visions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

2024, Przegląd Geologiczny

The paper deals with the matter of underground, geological storage of carbon dioxide in Poland. The state of research, legal and especially public acceptance of this issue is presented. Possibile conflicts of interest as well as phenomena related to the underground storage of carbon dioxide and their possibile impact to environment and local populace living conditions are discussed. Disinformation circulating in the media and local communities is exposed.

2024

The present study revolves around the impact of Uranium Mining on Health of the tribal people of the Jadugoda region. There is general mindfulness amongst the tribal group with respect to conceivable destructive impacts of radiation on wellbeing and prosperity of people. There are number of health related issues that exists in the uranium mining areas which needs maximum attention. There are questions which are needed to be enquired, for instance, the influence of uranium mining on the health of the local community and to explore the impact of uranium mining on employees of the mining companies Vis-a- Vis non-employee. The study has both qualitative and quantitative techniques of data collection to achieve the objectives of the study. Three villages were selected for the study based on random selection. Uranium Corporation of India Limited, a uranium mining company is operating in these villages.

2024, Academia Engineering

The UK’s nuclear waste disposal strategy was the subject of a recent consultation. In its response to the comments made, two approaches to nuclear waste disposal emerged. Given the potentially catastrophic impact of nuclear waste incidents on UK citizens, this paper’s central question examines these proposals to assess whether they will meet the needs of the UK’s stakeholders. The challenges that these proposals seek to address include a historic lack of progress on waste disposal and its financial provision, an increasing and significant legacy of waste together with significant forecasts of further waste to be generated, and complex and diverse technical requirements concerning nuclear waste extending over extraordinary timescales. However, without a disposal solution, nuclear waste will continue to be stored in temporary facilities, which includes other risks. To overcome these challenges, the proposals seek to bury nuclear waste either in deep geological facilities (GDFs) or near-surface facilities. Both proposals depend on stakeholder agreement as to their location. This paper, therefore, assesses stakeholder needs by developing a stakeholder analytical lens through which events are viewed in order to assess the likelihood of progress. The primary findings of this paper recognise the need to address the issue of nuclear waste disposal through effective governance arrangements, given the unprecedented challenges faced. The challenges of nuclear waste disposal are derived from the environmental impacts of nuclear waste over near-incomprehensible timescales and, subsequently, the limitations of human knowledge. Progress made to date on implementing solutions, perhaps with the exception of Finland, has been unsurprisingly slow. The reasons for this may well be due to stakeholder issues. The nuclear industry’s past, the levels of information asymmetry, and a lack of transparency are some of the factors that may characterise stakeholder relationships. If these relationships fail, this may also lead to a failure in site identification. The ability to assure stakeholders that containment will be effective and that the proposals meet their needs may avoid the spectre of a government-imposed paradigm. Given the global nature of the nuclear waste problem, the wider implications of this paper may also be of international interest.

2024

Size sunulan rapor, İslam karşıtı bir söylemi teşvik ederek İslam'ı ve Müslümanları kamuoyunun gözünde KİMİN, NASIL ve NEDEN kasıtlı olarak itibarsızlaştırdığına dair ayrıntılı bilgileri ifşa etmektedir. Daha da endişe verici olan ise,... more

2024, Mülkiye Dergisi

alınmasından beslenmiştir ve makalenin nükleer karşıtı harekete ampirik bir katkı yapmasını sağlamaktadır.

2024, Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi

Bir deney sırasında 26 Nisan 1986'da meydana gelen Çernobil reaktör kazası, XX. yüzyılın ilk büyük nükleer kazasıdır. Kaza sonrasında kuzeye doğru esen rüzgârlarla radyoaktivite yayılmış ve ilk olarak İsveçli uzmanlarca tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu durumun tüm dünya tarafından öğrenilmesi kazadan günler sonra gerçekleşmiş ve 30 Nisan 1986'yı bulmuştur. Bu derlemede kaza sonrası yayılan radyasyonun dünya ve Türkiye üzerindeki etkileri sunulmuştur.

2024, History and Technology

The concept of 'public science' has been fruitfully used to indicate the intricate interrelatedness of science and society. In studies of knowledge and its publics, however, technology has been routinely subsumed under science and the distinctive nature of technical knowledge neglected. We are aiming in this article at conceptualizing the public nature of technologies. First, we start with surveying the literature on public science. Second, we scrutinize various conceptual approaches to better understand the social and cultural factors embedded in technologies. In so doing, we reflect upon the twentieth-century history of technologies as public things. Third, we focus on nuclear energy in Europe as an exemplary case of a large-scale technology which has been shaped as part of public culture. We suggest that the specificities of the nuclear as a publicly shaped societal entity can be understood as an example of the wider category we propose to call 'public technologies'.

2024

Around the world, but particularly in developing Member States, there are disused nuclear facilities or those approaching the end of their useful lives, for which appropriate decommissioning steps have not been taken, primarily due to limited technical and financial resources or competing priorities. One way of alleviating the financial and social burden associated with the final shutdown and decommissioning of nuclear facilities is the redevelopment of decommissioned facilities and sites for new, productive uses, either nuclear or non-nuclear. Sustainable development implies economic development with maintenance of social and community integrity. This objective can best be served by the sensitive redevelopment of sites to provide continuity of employment and new productive activity. Finally, experience to date with redevelopment both inside and outside the nuclear field suggests that successful engagement of the stakeholders can be a key success factor in promoting outcomes which are both profitable for the operator and recognised as responsible and worthwhile by the wider community. Following a generic discussion on factors and issues inherent to the redevelopment of decommissioned sites, this paper expands on several examples. It is noted that experience from the non-nuclear industrial sector is much more extensive than from the nuclear sector, and lessons from this sector should not be neglected. Many of world's nuclear facilities are small and widely distributed geographically, e.g. ~300 aging or shutdown research reactors. Requests for assistance to address this issue from Member States exceed the capability of IAEA (and others) to deliver. However, integrating individual initiative into a designed-forpurpose network may compensate for these limitations. A new IAEA initiative amongst organizations from both potential "donor" and "recipient" Member States has taken the form of an "International Decommissioning Network (IDN)". The objectives of the IDN are to improve the flow of knowledge and experience amongst those engaged in decommissioning, and specifically to enhance the "user-oriented" focus for all IAEA decommissioning activities. The IDN provides a "bridge" between those Member States with specialized knowledge and those that need to apply it, and encourages an exchange of practical knowledge and skills. In this paper it is shown that integrating site reuse into the decommissioning strategy at its outset has a number of advantages and this experience should be shared.

2024, Solidarité & Progrès

Dans un article que Teller (à l’époque aveugle) dicta à son ami et collègue, le scientifique américain Ralph W. Moir du centre de recherche de Lawrence Livermore, il lança un appel vibrant à la communauté scientifique mondiale pour... more

2024, Health and technology

On July 5, 2013 a special invited session entitled: "The Impact of Fukushima on Global Health-Lessons Learned from Man-Made and Natural Disasters" was held at the Osaka Convention Center in Osaka, Japan, during the 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. The purpose of that session was mainly to discuss what happened at Fukushima, its repercussions and what other countries particularly those in South, Central and North America, can do to be better prepared for similar events. The first three authors of this paper participated in that special session. This article examines the causes and consequences of the nuclear accident that took place March 11, 2011, at the Fukushima Dai-ichi plant in Fukushima, Japan. It explains the different security risks associated with nuclear energy and analyzes the natural, man-made and technical causes of the Fukushima disaster. While nature was the main instigator, poor design, relaxed safety standards and lack of training severely exacerbated the damage and prolonged the effects of the incident. Crisis management strategies from the incident showed how cloud computing can be useful and effective in emergency response situations. However, the article's authors warn of potential failures due to infrastructure interdependencies and of the need to build resilient systems. The ongoing crisis in Fukushima serves as a testament to the different security risks associated with nuclear power and the serious, long lasting consequences they can have on critical infrastructures, the environment, public health, commerce and society-not just in Fukushima but anywhere in the world. In examining nuclear power as a viable energy resource, this article uses the Fukushima accident to encourage international discussion regarding the benefits and risks of nuclear power, the definition of government and utility company's roles and responsibilities to the public, and the possibility of pursuing alternative energy sources. Finally, through an analysis of these risks and the lessons learned from Fukushima, this article will present policy recommendations regarding better risk analysis, plant construction, secure practices, restoration of critical infrastructures and other elements of disaster response in order to create safer, more responsible nuclear energy policies worldwide. Keywords Security. Risks. Nuclear energy. Fukushima Dai-ichi. Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO). Cesium −137. Iodine −131. Contamination. Radiation. Design. Emergency procedures. Critical infrastructures. Cloud computing. Crisis management. Disaster response. Policy recommendations. Risk analysis. Containment. Clean up procedures. Secure components. Secure people. Secure practices. Alternative sources of energy Disclaimer The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the William Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies, the U.

2024, Contemporary British History

2023, Journal of The Royal Society of New Zealand

2023, Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna

Jednym ze sposobów produkcji na skalę przemysłową strącanego węglanu wapnia (PCC) jest karbonatyzacja, czyli proces wykorzystujący do reakcji gazowy dwutlenek węgla. Warunki hydrodynamiczne wytwarzane w reaktorze, w którym jest prowadzona precypitacja, wpływają na przebieg procesu oraz na charakterystykę wytrącanych cząstek węglanu wapnia. W niniejszej pracy omówiono konstrukcje standardowych reaktorów i nowe propozycje rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych stosowanych do syntezy węglanu wapnia oraz przedstawiono wpływ warunków precypitacji w wybranych reaktorach na charakterystykę cząstek PCC. The overview of reactors used for the production of precipitated calcium carbonate via carbonation route

2023, Public Understanding of Science

This research examines the evolution of nuclear technology in Spain from the early years of the Franco dictatorship to the global financial crisis and technology's influence on Spanish culture. To this end, we take a sociological perspective, with science culture and social perceptions of risk in knowledge societies serving as the two elements of focus in this work. In this sense, this article analyses the transformation of social relationships in light of technological changes. We propose technology as a strategic place to observe the institutional and organisational dynamics of technologic-scientific risks, the expert role and Spain's science culture. In addition, more specifically, within the language of co-production, we 'follow the actor' and favour new forms of citizen participation that promote ethics to discuss technological issues.

2023, HoNEsT (History of Nuclear Energy and Society)

This report belongs to a collection of 21 short country reports on the History of Nuclear Energy and Society (HoNESt, project Ref.662268). The reports tackle the complex sociotechnical system around nuclear energy. Nuclear developments, notably nuclear energy, are closely intertwined with social, economic, environmental, political and cultural spheres. Nuclear energy is also a globalized system involving transnational transfers of knowledge, materials, technologies, people and products including electrical power, medical elements, toxic wastes and other environmental hazards, materials, capacities and knowledge that must be carefully

2023, Springer eBooks

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and... more

2023

Nuclear power is undergoing a revival in a number of countries of both developed and developing world, and is increasingly presented as a solution to the problems of climate change and energy security. This paper analyses the history of and the debates on nuclear power in France, the UK and Finland, all of which are in the process of either planning or building new nuclear plants. The paper traces the history of nuclear power since the early postWar years, distinguishing five distinct phases of development, from the early period of nuclear enthusiasm, through the emergence of doubt and risk in the 70s and 80s, to the recent 'nuclear renaissance'. Emphasis in the analysis is placed on issue framings, argumentative strategies, the role of independent expertise, public opinion and the degree of openness of decisionmaking. Key similarities, converging trends and differences between the countries are identified and tentative conclusions drawn on the potential stability of the current framing of nuclear energy as a response to the double challenge of climate change and energy security.

2023

II. The inception of the nuclear power programme (from 1940) 9 2.1 Military ambitions 10 2.1.1 The early pioneers (early 1940s) 10 2.1.2 The Atomic Project (mid-1940s) 11 2.1.3 Windscale reactors (from late 1940s to 1950s) 16 2.2 The civil nuclear power programme 17 2.2.1 Motivations for the nuclear programme and the creation of the AEA (1950s) 17 2.2.2 British reactor technologies (1950s to 1980s) 18 2.2.3 Plan to privatise the electricity industry... 21 2.2.4 ...and the withdrawal of nuclear from privatisation 23 2.3 Summary of the evolution of the UK nuclear sector 27 III. The fast breeder reactor dream: expectations for the future 29 3.1 FBR as the long term goal 30 3.1.1 Dounreay Experimental Fast Reactor, DFR (1950s to mid-1960s) 31 3.1.2 Prototype Fast Reactor, PFR (mid-1960s to 1970s) 33 IV. The long decline 38 4.1 AEA split-up and the erosion of institutional support for fast breeders? (1970s) 38 4.2 Towards a commercial fast breeder reactor (CFR) and international collaboration (1970s) 39 4.3 RCEP's 6th report-the "Flowers Report" (1970s) 41 4.4 Reprocessing, proliferation concerns and the Windscale Inquiry (late 1970s) 43 4.4.1 The institution of public inquiry and the run-up to Windscale Inquiry 44 4.4.2 Reprocessing, FBRs and proliferation fears 46 4.4.3 The outcome of the Inquiry: landmark of participatory decision-making or a symbol of opposition against the 'nuclear complex'? 47 4.5 CFR-an experimental or commercial reactor? (late 1970s) 49 4.6 "Thatcher the scientist" takes office: an interlude of optimism in the fast reactor community (late 1970s) 50 4.7 International collaboration-preparations for the 'fallback option' begin (late 1970s to 1980s) 51 V. The final coup de grace: changing external environment, Thatcher's political ambitions and economic liberalism (1980s) 52 5.1 The (poor) economics of nuclear power 'revealed': calls for greater financial accountability (late 1970s to 1980s) 55 5.2 European fast breeder project-the last glimmer of hope (mid-1980s to 1990s) 57 5.3 Explaining Thatcher government's decisions on fast breeders-economics, ideology, and politics 59 3 5.4 'Pure' economics or political interests and strong personalities? Coal industry, miners' strikes and leaders of the UK nuclear establishment 60 5.5 Withdrawal of the UK from international fast breeder collaboration (early 1990s) 62 5.6 Shutdown and decommissioning at Dounreay (mid-1990s) 62 VI. Explaining the rise and fall of the fast breeder programme 63 6.1 Forecasts, predictions and expectations 64 6.2 Technological Arguments: problems inherent or external to the technology? 67 6.3 External factors 68 6.3.1 Uranium prices 68 6.3.2 Oil crisis 69 6.3.3 Risks, safety and security: radiation and proliferation 70 6.4 The role of policy actors and policy entrepreneurs: AEA and CEGB 71 6.4.1 Role of the AEA: from hegemony to decline and loss of mission 71 6.4.2 Institutional arrangements 74 6.4.3 AEA: united or internally divided? 75 6.4.4 The AEA and the CEGB 75 6.5 Policy and Politics 76 6.5.1 British industrial policy-or the absence of it? 76 6.5.2 Declining political support 77 6.5.3 Privatisation, liberalisation and the 'economic dogmatism' 78 6.6 NGOs and public opinion 80 VII. Conclusions: what and who killed the fast breeder reactors in Britain? 82 7.1 Economics and technology: autonomy or dependence? 82 7.2 Hype, disappointments and 'the reality' 83 7.3 External events 83 7.4 Social & safety concerns 84 7.5 Political power play and declining political support 85 References 86

2023, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

France has a historical tradition of codifying rules and regulations into an elaborate corpus of public law applied by a powerful administration. However the nuclear industry seems to have long been spared this tradition. This analysis of the development and operation of the French system for regulating nuclear risks between 1960 and 1985 brings to light a suppleness of the first rules, standards and orientations for risk-management. This French exception has two explanations: the structure of the network of the institutions involved in regulations; and the political, industrial and social context in which the "small world" of nuclear safety evolved. This analysis stimulates thought about how the French risk-regulation regime is evolving in the current context.

2023

The South West Nuclear Hub has joined with its industrial partners to engage with the public about the pros and cons of nuclear power, and open a balanced and evidence-based dialogue around common areas of concern, such as nuclear safety and nuclear waste. This programme of industrial engagement must continue into the future if we are to understand and effectively address those concerns, and make the UK’s nuclear renaissance work for all. INTRODUCTION The UK’s Nuclear Industry Association asserts that 65,791 people work in the civil nuclear sector, an increase of 2,000 jobs over the last year [1]. Many of these jobs are highly skilled and well-paid, providing economic stimuli to areas across the whole country. At a time when the UK economy is struggling due to investment fears over Brexit and closure of manufacturing industry, the nuclear industry has the potential to literally help power the economy in terms of both electricity and productivity. One of the most pressing issues in t...

2023, Советское энергетическое воображаемое: электричество, атом, нефть

Это вторая часть коллективной монографии, посвященной советскому энергетическому воображению. Апокрифическая верстка Анастасии Яровой Галина Орлова. Атом. Иррадиируя современность // Илья Калинин, Наталья Никифорова, Галина Орлова.... more

2023

The commissioning of CCR (Radiopharmaceuticals Research Centre) at IFIN-HH is reviewed. CCR is a stateof-the-art facility based on a cyclotron and radiochemistry, dedicated to radioisotopes studies and preparation of radiopharmaceuticals for clinical use. Its unique characteristics and performance open new perspectives for significant future achievements in these multidisciplinary areas.

2023, Kvartal.se

While the critics of nuclear power previously focused on safety risks, they now point to how modern nuclear power plant constructions are plagued by cost increases and excruciating delays, most recently in Finland's new Olkiluoto 3-plant which was finally commissioned in early 2023. These problems are avoidable, however. In the 1970s and 1980s, Sweden and Finland managed to build 14 new reactors without any costly delays. Stepwise, sequential expansion, continuous improvements, and knowledge transfer based on long-term partnerships were a crucial part of this forgotten achievement. This paper examines that history and extracts lessons learned.

2023

important resources of copper, nickel, uranium, gold, platinum group elements and hydrocarbons. Terrestrial craters are also sources of mineral waters and building materials, and they can be reservoirs of hydropower. There are three types of deposits in meteorite craters: progenetic – originate before impact, syngenetic – originate during impact, and epigenetic – result from postimpact processes. The estimated number of Earth’s craters suggests that impact structures can be potentially good sources of economic deposits and tourism

2023, Technikgeschichte

Dass (Anti-)Atomkraftgeschichte auf ungebrochenes gesellschaftliches Interesse stößt, bietet der Forschung sowohl in ihrem inner-akademischen Diskurs als auch in der sogenannten public history 1 vielfältige Möglichkeiten. Davon profi tieren die Zeit-, Technik-und Umweltgeschichte insofern, als entsprechende Forschung nicht nur von einschlägigen Förderungseinrichtungen, sondern auch durch die Europäische Union, Bund oder Länder fi nanziert wird. Gründe für dieses Interesse liegen in der langen Dauer des Atomkonfl ikts. Dieser begann in Deutschland spätestens mit der Auseinandersetzung um das Kernkraftwerk Wyhl seit 1973 und hält-mit Auf-und Abschwüngen-bis heute an. 2 Nach mehr als 40 Jahren des Streits hat die zuständige Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung (BGE) im Herbst 2020 mit Gorleben einen symbolbeladenen Konfl iktschauplatz 3 als Endlager-Standort aus dem Rennen genommen, nicht zuletzt, um die Auseinandersetzungen endgültig zu beenden. 4 Dennoch antizipieren Medien und Politik erneute Konfl ikte und wenden sich immer häufi ger an Historiker*innen als politikberatende Expert*innen für die Deutung der Gegenwart, gerade wenn diese von vergangenen Entscheidungen, Ereignissen und Konfl ikten beeinfl usst erscheinen. Da diese Ereignisse teils abgeschlossen sind oder so lange zurückliegen, dass die Erinnerung verblasst, bedürfen sie zunehmend der Erklärung und Erläuterung durch die Zeitgeschichte. Dies ist in Deutschland bei der Atomkraft der Fall, seitdem die Bundesregierung als Antwort auf das Reaktorunglück von Fukushima 2011 das endgültige Aus für die Atomenergie bis 2022 beschlossen hat. 5 Interessengeleitetes Geschichtsinteresse Die Aufgabe der Geschichtswissenschaft war zwar immer schon, vergangene Zeitläufte für aktuelle Gesellschaften zu interpretieren. Allerdings erst seit

2023, F.Bonoli, A.Naddeo, V.Zanini (a cura di), Atti del XLI Convegno Nazionale della Società Italiana degli Storici della Fisica e dell’Astronomia, Arezzo, 6-9 settembre 2021, ISBN 9788833396941

2023, TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis

We examine the realization of the umbrella promise to assume national responsibility for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel. Three case studies are used to illustrate how Finland delivers on the promise to take care of its own nuclear waste – a promise that has greatly contributed to the legitimacy of nuclear power in Finland. The article shows how this promise is being challenged by new competitors, business visionaries, and the public. The case studies illustrate the tensions between those who made the promise and the actors who interpret and mobilize the promise for varying purposes and under changing circumstances. We investigate techno-scientific promises by looking at debates about (1) the idea of a national solution, (2) the limitations that the promise of a national solution places on international business opportunities in the waste sector, and (3) the challenges related to credibility and spatial requirements in managing waste from small modular reactors.

2023, Journal of Reviews on Global Economics

Many small contracting firms are used to maintain nuclear power plants in Japan. The accident at the Fukushima nuclear plant raised the serious question as to whether safety standards can be upheld with this system. A review of regulations governing Japan's nuclear utility industry derived two imperfect information models that implied opposing incentives for utility companies to use contract workers rather than hire employees. We then analyzed the dataset of nuclear plant worker's exposure to radiation in the power generation industry. The results suggest that using contract workers enables the utility companies to implement lower standards than those imposed by regulations and to reduce costs by circumventing responsibilities legally imposed on employers.

2022

It provides a forum for innovative studies in social policy, sociology, political science and philosophy. SoPhi publishes 1015 titles per year, both in Finnish and in English. Manuscripts are selected for publication on the basis of... more

2022, Quaderns de Filosofia

This paper reflects on the way in which certain moving images were used to engineer atomic fear into a manageable emotion in the U.S. during the early Cold War Era. A time of political, technological, economic, and social transformations,... more

2022

2022, AKKUYU İLK BOO PROJESİ

Ercan Caner-SUN SAVUNMA NET AKKUYU İLK BOO i PROJESİ Akkuyu Nükleer Güç Santrali, ülkemizin enerji stratejisi içinde ayrı bir öneme sahip. Akkuyu'nun ilk reaktörünü 2023 yılında hizmete alma hedefimiz sürüyor. Bu hususları, Rus tarafıyla görüşmelerimizde bir kez daha ele aldık. '25 bin kişi şu anda çalışmıyor. Burası kapatıldı.' gibi ifadeler söyleniyor. Böyle bir şeyi ben de kabul etmedim, Rus tarafı da kabul etmiyor. Çalışıyorlar.

2022

Монзуль В.Ю. Проекты строительства атомных электростанций в Витебской области в 1960–1980-е гг. и их место в развитии атомной энергетики Белорусской ССР // Віцебскі край: Матэрыялы VІІ Міжнароднай навукова-практычнай канферэнцыі «Віцебскі... more

2022, Ecological Economics

From the invention of the steam engine to the present, water has represented a significant input to the energy system, although this has been mostly ignored in the literature. In Spain, the most arid country in Europe, studies about water footprint typically just consider domestic, agricultural and industrial water uses, but water requirements for the electricity sector are omitted despite our dependence on thermal power. It has been demonstrated that for each available cooling technology, nuclear needs and consumption of water tend to be larger per MWh generated. We calculate a first approximation to the Spanish nuclear water footprint from 1969 to 2015. Our results show that while water consumed by Spanish nuclear power plants are around 3 m per capita/year, water withdrawals per capita/year are around 70 m. Moreover, our analysis allows extracting conclusions focusing on a River Basins approach. What is the water impact of our nuclear power plants? Will water limit our energy future? These are some of the issues at stake.

2022, Journal of Contemporary History

Spain was the first developing country to exploit a nuclear power plant commercially. By the early 1970s Spain had become the major nuclear client of the USA, the world’s largest reactor exporter. Despite its importance, historians are just beginning to revisit and establish the sequence of the events that make up Spain’s nuclear history. This article analyses the role played by the state in enabling one of Western Europe’s poorest countries to join the exclusive nuclear power club. In a departure from the technological approach used in previous literature, the history of Spain’s progress in the nuclear power field is retraced against the background of its political and economic evolution.

2022, viXra

Presentation: The Australian Bureau of Statistics has projected that Australia's population will double to 46 million by 2075, which could be as early as 2058 under the high growth scenario. Melbourne and Sydney are expected to each have 7.9 million people by 2053. While efficiencies in energy utilisation may contribute to reducing demand by approximately 0.5%pa, the electrical generation capacity of the Eastern Australian market will need to expand considerably to meet the demands population growth, elimination of fossil fuels from the transport sector (eg through electric and hydrogen fuelled vehicles) and water desalination requirements. Renewable energy and passively safe Generation IV (fast breeder) nuclear power generators such as the “Power Reactor Innovative Small Module” (GE/Hitachi Prism Reactor) have the capacity to complement each other. For example, Generation IV nuclear has the ability to vary power to complement the low capacity factor of renewable energy and to o...

2022

2022, Atombilder. Ikonografie des Atoms in Wissenschaft und Öffentlichkeit des 20. Jahrhunderts. Red. Charlotte Biggs & Jochen Hennig. Wallstein Verlag Göttingen.

On the control rooms at Chernobyl nuclear power plant. When they were accessible. And when they became accessible. For viewers to see. Illustrated essay.