Law and Social Science Research Papers

2025, Virginia Law Review

2025, Vand. L. Rev.

the jurors, the attorneys, and the litigants who took part in the research; Jury Commissioner Kathy Brauer; Paula Nailon, who shepherded the project through its early stages; and Judge Gordon T. Alley, the presiding judge in Pima County when data collection ended. Professor Richard Lempert provided very important insights to our project in its early stages, as did other members of our advisory committee, including Judge

2025, academia.edu

Tulisan ini membahas relevansi antara aliran hukum alam dan hukum positif dalam sistem hukum modern. Hukum alam, yang bersumber dari nilai-nilai moral universal seperti keadilan, kebenaran, dan hak asasi manusia, diyakini sebagai fondasi etis dalam pembentukan hukum. Sebaliknya, hukum positif merupakan produk formal yang ditetapkan oleh otoritas berwenang untuk mengatur kehidupan masyarakat secara konkret. Melalui pendekatan pemikiran Satjipto Rahardjo dan Auguste Comte, tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun hukum positif memberikan kepastian dan ketertiban, nilai-nilai hukum alam tetap diperlukan untuk menjaga dimensi moral hukum. Dengan menggabungkan kedua pendekatan ini, sistem hukum diharapkan tidak hanya sah secara prosedural, tetapi juga adil secara substansial. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa dalam menjawab kebutuhan keadilan masyarakat modern yang kompleks, sinergi antara hukum alam dan hukum positif menjadi sangat penting agar hukum tetap relevan, adaptif, dan bermartabat.

2025, articolo in rivista

SOMMARIO: 1. I quattro princìpi della bioetica nella relazione di cura. – 2. Intelligenza artificiale e autodeterminazione in àmbito sanitario: il quinto principio della spiegabilità. – 3. Opacità, decisioni, discriminazioni. – 4. Il... more

2025, Fani Rahmasari, Dhamar Djati Sasongko, Melati Harmia Putri

Globalization and modernization have a major impact on social structures, cultural values, and legal systems. In this context, legal philosophy plays an important role in providing a conceptual framework for the direction of social... more

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

2025, Medium

Siapa sangka, salah satu pemikir hukum paling berpengaruh di abad ke-20, yang tidak memiliki gelar sarjana hukum, namun kemudian tampil sebagai insinyur utama aliran Sociological Jurisprudence dan terkenal dengan ungkapan "hukum sebagai alat rekayasa sosial" (law as a tool of social engineering) sekaligus teori hukumnya menjadi batu pijakan ahli hukum Indonesia yakni Mochtar Kusumaatmadja dalam mengembangkan teori hukum pembangunannya, memulai karirnya sebagai seorang ahli botani? Dialah Roscoe Pound, yang sebelum merevolusi pemikiran hukum, meraih gelar Ph.D. di bidang botani dengan disertasi tentang phytogeography Nebraska dan sempat memimpin sebuah survei botani yang kemudian menemukan spesies jamur langka yang diberi nama "Roscopoundia". Karya tulisnya di bidang Botani tetap dianggap penting dan relevan sampai sekarang. Ditengah dunia yang terspesialisasi menjadi seorang generalis mungkin hal yang menguntungkan. Roscoe Pound merupakan salah satu contoh nyata bagaimana seorang generalis mampu menghubungkan berbagai ilmu yang didapatinya kemudian menghasilkan pemikiran hukum yang revolusioner, tidak jarang Roscoe Pound dikenal sebagai ahli yang telah melakukan "Botanisasi Hukum". Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan lanjutan bagaimana seorang ilmuwan alam bisa begitu berpengaruh di bidang hukum dan membentuk kembali teori hukum? Apa yang bisa kita pelajari darinya?

2025

Barrack was a principal member of the litigation team in In re WorldCom, Inc. Securities Litigation, Master File No. 02-Civ-3288 (DLC), a prosecution that yielded a record-breaking recovering of more than 6.13billionfordefraudedinvestors.Mr.Barrackhassuccessfullylitigatedotherhigh−profilecases,includingInreMcKessonHBOC,Inc.SecuritiesLitigation,No.C−99−20743−RMW,whichyieldedover6.13 billion for defrauded investors. Mr. Barrack has successfully litigated other high-profile cases, including In re McKesson HBOC, Inc. Securities Litigation, No. C-99-20743-RMW, which yielded over 6.13billionfordefraudedinvestors.Mr.Barrackhassuccessfullylitigatedotherhigh−profilecases,includingInreMcKessonHBOC,Inc.SecuritiesLitigation,No.C−99−20743−RMW,whichyieldedover1.04 billion for defrauded investors from the corporate defendants, the outside auditor and Bear Stearns, the investment bank that issued a fairness opinion on the merger that was the subject of the action. Mr. Barrack is currently litigating In Re Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Securities, Derivative and ERISA Litigation, Master File No.: 1:07-cv-9633 (LBS)(AJP)(DFE).

2025, Research Handbook on Modern Legal Realism

2025, Kajian Filsafat dan Hukum

Hukum Sebagai Sistem Sosial dari Perspektif Filsafat tentang Fungsi dan Tujuan Hukum dalam Masyarakat sangat terlihat dengan jelas yaitu bagaimana sistem sosial dan distem hukum sangat saling berkaitan (integral dalam keseharian). Dalam praktiknya terutama dalam penegakan hukum, hukum dijalankan dan ditegakan oleh sistem hukum yang beranggotakan masyarakat dengan kedudukan tertentu dalam hukum yang memiliki peran masing-masing seperti, jaksa, hakim, penyidik dan pengacara/kuasa hukum, atau dengan kata lain, pelaksanaan hukum dilakukan oleh sistem sosial hukum tertentu yang merukan bagian dari sistem sosial yang ada. Pada sisi lain, sistem sosial sangat mempengaruhi hukum terutama dalam hal adanya perubahan sosial dapat pula merubah orientasi pada tujuan hukum, atau dalam kondisi tertentu dan mencaai tujuan tertentu hukum dapat berfungsi ganda, dimana hukum bukan hanya mempertahankan sistim nilai yang ada, hukum dapat pula dikendalikan untuk menjadi alat dalam perubahan sistem nilai yang baru untuk dituju. Adanya hak dan kewajiban dalam interaksi masyarakat dalam sistim sosial menjadi contoh konkrit bagaimana hukum tidak dapat di jauhi ataupun di hilangkan, hal ini dikeranekan hanya sistim hukum itu sendiri yang dapat melindungi dan mempertahakankan keberlakuan hak dan kewajiban yang merupakan fungsi dan tujuan adanya hukum

2025, Khyber Journal of Public Policy

This report critically reviews the legal, institutional,
and policy frameworks guiding biodiversity
conservation, ecosystem restoration, and afforestation
in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It
evaluates the effectiveness of these efforts in aligning
with international commitments, such as the Paris
Agreement and the Convention on Biological
Diversity, while identifying obstacles to implementing
KP’s Climate Change Policy 2022. Utilizing
situational and SWOT analyses, the report assesses the
performance of KP's Forest and Wildlife Departments
in their conservation initiatives. Additionally, it
examines global best practices to formulate
recommendations for improving the province’s
environmental management. These recommendations
emphasize the need for stronger legislation, enhanced
enforcement mechanisms through technology, and
increased community involvement. Ultimately, the goal
is for KP to achieve its long-term environmental
objectives while addressing climate change impacts and
protecting its unique ecosystems. The report concludes
with a call for more robust legal frameworks, better
coordination among provincial departments, and
increased international support.

2025, Workshop “Anthropology of Law”, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle, September 20 - 22, 2001

Anthropology of Law is facing the major challenge to move from the “edges of Law” (des Confins du Droit to make reference to the title of Norbert Rouland’s book on an anthropological approach to Law) to the core of Law, to the core of legal theory, which for the moment remains almost exclusively monocultural, and to open it up from within. There seems to be a possible meeting point as the aim of legal theory is to give a complete understanding of Law, from a point of view which aims to be universal (because rational) but is in fact Western, whereas at least French legal anthropology in the continuity of Michel Alliots’ work is seeking for a general “non-ethnocentric”, or intercultural, science of Law, which in its turn is in continuity with the anthropological aim formulated by Claude Lévi-Strauss to understand Man in all its generality through the diversity of his/her manifestations, thus introducing the comparative and intercultural elements. Both approaches have a universalizing aim and Law as the object of understanding - that is where they can meet - but the latter does not postulate universality a priori, as a consequence of rational deduction, but reconstructs it through an additive logic which builds on the diversity of observed situations. In the contemporary situation, it seems that the first position is less and less tenable and the second emerges as the only really credible alternative. And it should be taken further and deepened.

2025, Saberes, tecnologías y derecho en América Latina: perspectivas desde los estudios de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad

The chapter provides an overview of key strands of analysis in science and technology studies about the law, the judicial system, and legal mobilization. El capitulo sintetiza algunas de las principales líneas de análisis en la... more

2025, Saberes, tecnologías y derecho en América Latina: perspectivas desde los estudios de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad

The chapter examines the opportunities and challenges that citizen science initiatives pose for human rights and environmental justice advocacy. Using the Citizen Air initiative in Bogotá as a case study, it discusses the democratizing... more

2025

Деркач В. В. Історія філософії: методичні вказівки до самостійної роботи студентів з дисципліни ОПП «Богослов’я» за першим бакалаврським рівнем вищої освіти. Івано-Франківськ: Нова Зоря, 2024. 52с. Цей збірник методичних рекомендацій... more

2025, Підручник : у 2 книгах / за ред. О. О. Дудорова, А. А. Стрижевської. Книга 1. Вступ до кримінального права України. Вчення про кримінальне правопорушення; Книга 2. Вчення про заходи кримінально-правового впливу. Загальна частина кримінального права європейських держав.

Підручник присвячений загальним частинам кримінального права України та кримінального права європейських держав. У Книзі 1 з урахуванням здобутків правничої науки та актуальної судової практики висвітлено питання загальної частини... more

2025

This article explores the effectiveness of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms in criminal matters within Tanzania, with a comparative analysis of practices in England. Despite the incorporation of reconciliation and plea bargaining in Tanzania's legal framework, these ADR mechanisms are limited in scope and application, which constrains their potential benefits in promoting restorative justice, through a combination of doctrinal, empirical, and comparative research methodologies. Thus, this article entails and identifies critical legal gaps and challenges in the current ADR practices in Tanzania. It highlights the need for substantial reforms to expand ADR mechanisms to include a broader range of restorative justice options.

2025

Max Weber's death in 1920 as a result of the Spanish flu thwarted his later scientific plans, but his wife Marianne Weber compiled a summary of her husband's earlier studies and lecture drafts entitled "Economy and Society" and published it as Weber's work. The story of this work spread later among sociologists in the last century in such a way that this work was already finished at the time of Weber's death, and only minor edits had to be made and a title found. There was a debate about the latter, that Weber might not have approved of this title. My question is whether scientific ethical concerns arose in retrospect in connection with the history of the creation of this work, and in general, whether there were debates in the history of his sociological theory due to the deceptive nature of this edition

2025, Prison Life

This paper explores the complex interplay between restorative justice and traditional punitive justice systems. While proportional and rationalistic justice focuses on establishing some kind of disturbed equilibrium between crime and a normal state of affairs in society, or on preventing future crimes by increasing the costs of committing it for the offender, restorative justice focuses on the actual restoration of the type of social capital that has been degraded by time. Restorative justice thus works on healing and reconciliation, and tends to contrast sharply with punitive justice, which emphasizes retribution and deterrence. One of the main obstacles to a broad implementation of restorative justice is connected with community expectations. Most communities have been habituated to expect punitive justice and have internalized these expectations as their psychological way to achieve "closure" after a crime has victimized some members of the community or, indirectly, the community as a whole. Thus one of the challenges of modern restorative justice in practice is how to integrate it with more traditional views on punitive justice, which is the preoccupation of this brief paper.

2025, Słowniki Społeczne, tom 13: Kognitywistyka

W większości systemów etycznych warunkiem odpowiedzialności moralnej jest (dobro)wolność działania, ściśle związana z pojęciem wolnej woli. Aktom moralnym dokonywanym w świecie fizycznym – jak i samej odpowiedzialności – można przypisać naturalne podstawy i prawidłowości. Zgodnie z obecnym stanem wiedzy są to przede wszystkim wyjaśnienia na poziomie neurobiologicznym.
Nowe trendy neuronauk i biologii systemowej mogą stanowić wyjście dla filozoficznego impasu w dyskusji nad wolną wolą, w kontekście tak deterministycznych, jak i stochastycznych wyjaśnień neuronauk poznawczych. Trendy te naświetlają niebezpośredni, współzależny i długoterminowy charakter autonomii organizmu jako całości, co ma kluczowe znaczenie dla rozumienia zarówno podmiotu, jak i przedmiotu odpowiedzialności moralnej.

2025, Aufrechnung und Verrechnung von Forderungen der Leistungsträger in der Insolvenz des Schuldners und zur Frage der Wirkung der Restschuldbefreiung

Hat ein Sozialleistungsträger eine Forderung gegenüber einer Person, z.B. Forderung aus rückständigen Beiträgen, kann er, sofern eine Aufrechnungslage vorliegt, im Sinne des § 51 SGB I aufrechnen bzw. bei fehlender Gegenseitigkeit und... more

2025

Tulisan berikut menguraikan secara singkat dua poin keterbatasan ideal Rule of Law, yaitu sifat kekakuan yang melekat dalam logika internalnya atau rigidnya daya adaptif terhadap perubahan realitas dan pengabaian dimensi 'is' oleh... more

2025

L'émergence et la diffusion du concept de « société » au sens moderne sont étroitement liées à l'époque française des Lumières, ainsi qu'aux discours intellectuels français (philosophiques, sociologiques, historiques) ultérieurs. Alors que dans la pensée médiévale et au début de l'ère moderne, la communauté des gens était souvent considérée comme un monde hiérarchiquement organisé et hautement normatif construit selon des principes moraux et cléricaux, une nouvelle approche a progressivement émergé au cours des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Dans cette nouvelle perspective, la communauté n'était plus simplement un « monde moral » dicté par un ordre divin, mais une « société » séparée composée de relations humaines et d'institutions, avec ses propres lois, déterminées par la politique, l'économie, la culture et les coutumes.

2025

Echoing US President Eisenhower's warning about the rise of a 'military-industrial complex' over 60 years ago, President Biden's farewell address in January 2025 did something similar, stating: "Today, an oligarchy is taking shape in America of extreme wealth, power and influence that threatens our entire democracy, our basic rights, the freedoms and the fair shot for everyone to get ahead". Cautioning against the concentration of wealth and concomitant political influence it brings, Biden's words can be seen as the most visible statement of the growing concern with the implications of an increasingly powerful and power-focused elite. This elite is defined not just by its wealth which has reached astonishing levels but also by the source of this wealth, namely the outputs of science, technology, and innovation. Primarily centred on digital and now algorithmic technoscience, this oligarchy has been described by Julie Cohen (2024) and others as a specifically 'tech oligarchy', marrying together wealth and technology in ways that threaten our collective futures as this oligarchy flexes its political muscles.

2025, SMUL Rev.

The Jury ConsultantFriend or Foe of Justice Stephanie Leonard Yarbrough* We have not wings, we cannot soar; But we have feet to scale and climb By slow degrees, by more and more, The cloudy summits of our time. The mighty pyramids of... more

2025, STT HKBP Pematangsiantar

Sosiologi gereja adalah cabang ilmu sosiologi agama yang memfokuskan kajian pada gereja sebagai institusi sosial dan pengaruhnya terhadap masyarakat. Gereja tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai tempat ibadah, tetapi juga sebagai agen sosial yang membentuk nilai, norma, dan interaksi sosial. Melalui pendekatan ilmiah, sosiologi gereja mengkaji bagaimana gereja mempengaruhi struktur sosial dan merespons perubahan sosial, seperti pluralisme agama, sekularisme, dan ketidakadilan sosial. Dengan memanfaatkan kerangka sosiologi, gereja dapat lebih memahami perannya dalam membentuk moralitas sosial, berinteraksi dengan kelompok lain, dan beradaptasi dengan tantangan kontemporer.

2025

Zur Messung der Sauerstoffaufnahmenfähigkeit finden prinzipiell zwei Methoden Anwendung: 1. Die Online-Methode, wie bei der Fahrrad-oder Laufbandergometrie. Bei der Nachatmungsmethode lässt sich aus der Kinetik des Abfalls der O 2 -Aufnahme in der Nachbelastungsphase der Wert der Sauerstoffaufnahme bei Belastungsabbruch extrapolieren. Diese Extrapolation geschieht mit Hilfe der Gleichung y = ae -bx . Diese Nachatmungsmethode gilt als genauso valide wie die Online-Messung (vgl.

2025, Czy wola jest wolna

Dyskusja o wolności woli, zapoczątkowana jeszcze przez starożytnych, jak Arystoteles i Chryzyp,
zdaje się rozpalać namiętności filozofów bodaj bardziej niż inne kwestie. Spokojny i powściągliwy
zwykle Spinoza, krytykując tę ideę w imię twardego determinizmu, pozwala się ponieść zgryźliwej
ironii i cierpkiej wyższości; Fichte, kiedy jej broni, dzieli wręcz cały rodzaj ludzki na dwa
1
opozycyjne gatunki (przyjaciół i wrogów wolności), ocierając się w tym o egzaltację, którą
2
wybaczamy mu tylko ze względu na jej wczesnoromantyczne determinanty. Hume uważał spór o
nią za najbardziej zapalny w metafizyce. Dla Kanta z kolei dowiedzenie możliwości wolnej woli
było chyba najważniejszą stawką całego jego systemu filozofii transcendentalnej – jakby właśnie po
to wymyślonej, by dowieść, że wolna wola jest realna. Ale nie tylko kiedyś tak uważano,
3
współcześnie opinię, że zagadnienie to jest najtrudniejszym i najważniejszym problemem filozofii,
podziela Daniel C. Dennett. Czemu kwestia ta ekscytuje prawie każdego, kto o niej słyszał? O co
4
tutaj chodzi, czemu to takie ważne, nie mniej ważne, a może i ważniejsze, niż kwestia istnienia
Boga bądź nieśmiertelności duszy?
W niniejszym opracowaniu, wyjaśnimy najpierw, na czym polega waga – metafizyczna i moralna –
tego zagadnienia. Następnie przeanalizujemy argumenty zarówno na rzecz realności, jak i
niemożliwości wolnej woli, przedstawiając przy tym dowody na rzecz podejrzenia, że większość
argumentów determinizmu sprowadza się do jednej tezy-rdzenia; wreszcie zaś postaramy się
przedstawić stanowisko łączące deterministyczną niewiarę w „wolną wolę” jako obiektywnego
„sprawcę” działań z „trans-deterministycznym” przekonaniem o nieuchronnej i obiektywnej
konieczności inter-subiektywnej, czy „kulturowej”, by wolną wolę zakładać i by „żyć, jakby się
było wolnym wśród wolnych” (- tzn. braku realnego wolnego wyboru pomiędzy postawą wiary i
niewiary w wolną wolę – całkiem inaczej niż jest z Bogiem, nie da się nie wierzyć w „wolną wolę”,
nawet jeśli ma się dobre dowody na jej nieistnienie).

2025, Emory Law Journal

In the early years of COVID-19, our willingness to swiftly modify workplaces, classrooms, and other commons generated access at unprecedented scale. These de facto accommodations belied conventional thought about whether institutions can... more

2025, yuke yuliana layratu

Artikel ini membahas paradigma hubungan antara fakta sosial dan pendidikan, serta bagaimana keduanya saling mempengaruhi dalam konteks pembangunan sosial. Fokus utama dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi teori-teori sosiologi yang menghubungkan pendidikan dengan struktur sosial, nilai-nilai budaya, dan perubahan sosial. Pendidikan dipandang sebagai faktor kunci dalam pembentukan dan transformasi masyarakat, namun juga dipengaruhi oleh norma dan struktur sosial yang ada. Melalui pendekatan multidisipliner, artikel ini mengkaji peran pendidikan dalam membentuk individu dan masyarakat, serta bagaimana fakta sosial—seperti kelas sosial, gender, etnisitas, dan sistem kekuasaan—berinteraksi dalam proses pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam mengenai tantangan yang dihadapi oleh sistem pendidikan dalam menghadapi kompleksitas sosial, serta menawarkan perspektif untuk menciptakan kebijakan pendidikan yang lebih inklusif dan adaptif terhadap realitas sosial yang terus berubah.

2025, yuke yuliana layratu

2024, Echos Jeunes Chercheurs en Sciences Humaines et Sociales

Choisir un sujet de recherche est un défi pour tout chercheur, particulièrement en sciences sociales. Ce défi se complique dans le cadre académique, soumis à des contraintes méthodologiques et à des traditions établies dans la production de connaissances dans le champ universitaire. Ce défi se manifeste clairement dans le choix du sujet de recherche pour le doctorat, où le chercheur s'appuie sur diverses traditions méthodologiques tout en aspirant à se libérer et à atteindre son indépendance en critiquant les restrictions qui le contraignent. Dans ce contexte, le doctorant doit chercher un sujet pertinent, capable d'apporter une contribution significative à la société. Alors, il demeure réceptif aux nouvelles pratiques méthodologiques pour apporter une contribution significative. Cet article aborde le défi de l'élaboration de sujets de recherche par une approche interdisciplinaire, perçue comme une pratique innovante. Nous adoptons une perspective de sociologie réflexive, en analysant notre propre expérience en sciences sociales.

2024

This research explores corruption in Indonesia through the lens of cultural determinism within a historical-sociological framework. Corruption is not merely a legal or economic issue but deeply rooted in cultural practices and historical legacies. The study identifies patronage culture, blind loyalty to authority, and systemic nepotism as key enablers of corruption. Using a qualitative approach and literature review method, the research emphasizes the importance of integrating law enforcement with cultural transformation to eradicate corruption. Insights from European history, particularly the transition from the "Dark Age" to the "Enlightenment," highlight the role of intellectual freedom and societal education in overcoming systemic decay. In Indonesia, intellectuals, media, and government reforms must work together to foster a transparent and accountable society. This holistic approach is essential for breaking the cycle of corruption and advancing national progress.

2024, Annual Review of Law and Social Science

Two meta-theoretical traditions mark research on conflict resolution in organizations: the rationalist tradition, which portrays organizations as goal-directed collectivities and conflict resolution as a threat to efficiency and performance; and the cultural tradition, which portrays organizations as normative collectivities constituted by ongoing social interaction, interpretive dynamics, and institutional environments, and emphasizes the interplay of law and social inequalities in interpersonal and collective organizational conflict resolution. Within these traditions, we distinguish between structural and processual styles of research, noting the empirical methods favored in each tradition, research that blurs the boundaries between the traditions, and vanguard scholarship. Finally, we discuss several potential areas of research that could enhance meaningful intellectual exchange between the traditions.

2024, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Sociological jurisprudence emphasizes its attention on the reality of law rather than the position and function of law in society. The reality of law is basically the will of society, so it is not just law in the understanding of law in books but in accordance with the legal needs of society in order to create legal certainty (legal positivism) and living law as a form that is appreciated for the importance of the role of society in the formation of law and legal orientation. The strategic role of judges in the perspective of sociological jurisprudence is to apply the law not only understood as an effort of formal social control in resolving conflicts, but at the same time building the application of the law as an effort of social engineering. The judicial task of judges is no longer understood merely as an implementer of laws to concrete events (in the form of various cases and conflicts) or as merely a conveyor of laws (boncha de la loi) but also as a driver of social engineering.

2024, Northwestern University Law Review

According to standard lore, when jurors are doused with "a kettleful of law" at the end of a trial, they either ignore it or are hopelessly confused. We present new evidence from a unique data set: not mock jury experiments or post-trial self-reports, but rather the deliberations of fifty real civil juries. Our intensive analysis of these deliberations presents a picture that contradicts received wisdom about juries and the law. We show that juries in typical civil cases pay substantial attention to the instructions and that although they struggle, the juries develop a reasonable grasp of most of the law they are asked to apply. When instructions fail, they do so primarily in ways that are generally ignored in the debate about juries and the law. That is, the jury deliberations reveal that when communication breaks down, the breakdown stems from more fundamental sources than simply opaque legal language. We identify a few modest pockets of juror resistance to the law and suggest why jury commonsense may in some instances be preferable to announced legal standards. We conclude that it will take more than a "plain English" movement to achieve genuine harmony between laypersons and jury instructions on the law.

2024, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

La justice prédictive et l'introduction de l'intelligence artificielle dans le domaine du droit conduisent à rénover nos croyances sur des thèmes classiques comme celui de la formation des juristes. Cependant, l'équation spontanée « à outil nouveau, formation nouvelle » n'est pas nécessairement pertinente. C'est plutôt le retour aux fondamentaux méthodologiques qui sera décisif. Mots-clés : justice prédictiveintelligence artificielleméthodes d'enseignement du droit Abstract : Predictive justice and the introduction of artificial intelligence in the field of law lead to a renewal of our beliefs on classical themes such as the education of lawyers. However, the spontaneous equation « new tools, new education » is not necessarily relevant. Rather, it is the return to the methodological fundamentals that will be decisive.

2024, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

De l'usage du terme d'école Parler d'école aixoise de méthodologie juridique invite à s'entendre sur l'usage du terme « école ». En effet, si l'idée d'école dans le domaine du droit a certainement un sens historique, elle peut aujourd'hui avoir un sens péjoratif, critiquable, voire problématique. Historiquement, le droit romain connaît l'école sabinienne qui s'oppose à l'école proculienne. La première est réputée conservatrice et légaliste, la seconde plutôt libérale et novatrice : elle porte davantage le regard sur les faits que sur les règles. Mais les historiens prennent cette description avec prudence 1. Par ailleurs, il ne faut pas oublier que le régime napoléonien a rétabli les écoles de droit supprimées par les révolutionnaires 2. L'emploi du terme peut aussi se justifier par cette voie. Cependant, le terme d'école est devenu péjoratif en France en raison de l'expression « d'école de l'exégèse ». Cette dernière a été dépeinte ou décrite comme un ensemble d'interprètes serviles respectant scrupuleusement la lettre du code civil 3. Il a toutefois été fait justice de cette approche et des auteurs ont montré le caractère artificiel et rétrospectif de la construction d'une école de pensée 4 là où il n'y avait en réalité que des 1 Aldo SCHIAVONE, IUS. L'invention du droit en occident, trad. par G. BOUFFARTIGUE et J. BOUFFARTIGUE, coll. « Alpha », Paris, Belin, 2008, p. 356 et 357. L'auteur use de guillemets pour désigner les « écoles » qui n'ont pas l'homogénéité scientifique ou politique qu'on pourrait leur prêter. 2 Loi du 22 ventôse an XII (13 mars 1804) qui organise douze écoles de droit : Paris,

2024, Villanova law review

Bulletin, proponent of Australia as a white man's republic and home between 1880 and World War I to the Bulletin school of Australian literature-Henry Lawson, Banjo Paterson, Norman Lindsay, and others. Between the wars, The Bulletin became increasingly racist and anti-Semitic. It was eventually revived in the 1960s as a news magazine, finally ceasing publication in 2008. 3. Id.

2024, Maritza Rafa Putri Sulaeman

Masalah hukum lingkungan di Indonesia merupakan salah satu isu penting yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan dan perlindungan lingkungan hidup. Peningkatan polusi, kerusakan ekosistem, dan penyalahgunaan sumber daya alam mengancam keseimbangan ekologis dan kualitas hidup masyarakat. Dalam menghadapi masalah ini, hukum lingkungan menjadi alat yang penting untuk mengeakkan keadilan lingkungan, namun implementasinya seringkali menemui berbagai hambatan. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai masalah hukum lingkungan yang dihadapi Indonesia, serta mengevaluasi efektivitas dan tantangan implementasi hukum lingkungan di tanah air.

2024, N. A. Papadopoulos, ‘Mobilising the European Social Charter’s Collective Complaints Procedure for Legal and Social Change’ in: I. Westendorp (ed) Human Rights Strategies: Benefits and Drawbacks, Edward Elgar Publishing, 94-119 (2024)

Since 1998, compliance with the European Social Charter has been monitored through a Collective Complaints Procedure of a ‘quasi-judicial’ nature, which enables NGOs and trade unions to apply directly before the European Committee of Social Rights for decisions on potential non-implementation of the Treaty in the countries concerned. As was confirmed in the last years, this procedure has served as a novel platform for strategic litigation practices, which aim at facilitating collective actors in raising socio-economic rights concerns, not often reaching the domestic courts, or to pressure the respondent governments to mitigate the impact of the crisis (rights of Roma minorities, basic rights of undocumented migrants, workers’ rights in times of austerity).
In this chapter I use a case study design to examine the agency of NGOs and trade unions within the Collective Complaints Procedure and its potential to serve as an effective avenue of legal mobilization. The findings show that the lack of political and legal opportunities at the international or national levels, among other factors, may render the procedure an attractive strategy for collective actors advocating for the socio-economic rights of vulnerable groups across Europe, despite its inherent limitations

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