Marketing channel Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Agricultural Economics, Applied Economics, Profitability, Marketing channel
- by Derek Eaton
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- International Marketing, Vietnam, Food Security, Value Creation

The issue of managing change is becoming critical in channels with increasing mergers and acquisitions. However, few change management programs can claim success. We offer a model based on organizational justice theory to design and implement change in marketing channels. Our model contributes to the literature by (1) offering a framework for the change management in channels, which incorporates distributive, procedural, and interactional justice, (2) emphasizing the change at an individual level as a key to successfully managing changes in buyer-seller relations, and (3) identifying the key mediating variables in the change management process. We also discuss implications of our model for academics and managers.

- by birud sindhav
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- Marketing, Change Management, Organizational Justice, Marketing channels

Consumer sales promotions are usually the result of the decisions of two marketing channel parties, the manufacturer and the retailer. In making these decisions, each party normally follows its own interest: i.e. maximizes its own profit. Unfortunately, this results in a suboptimal outcome for the channel as a whole. Independent profit maximization by channel parties leads to a lack of channel coordination with the implication of leaving money on the table. This may well contribute to the notoriously low profitability of sales promotions. This paper first shows analytically why the suboptimality occurs, and then presents an empirical demonstration, using a unique dataset from an Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) project; ECR is a movement in which parties work together to optimize the distribution channel). In this dataset, actual profit is only a small fraction of potential profit, implying that there is a large degree of suboptimality. It is important that (1) channel parties are aware of this suboptimality; and (2) that they have tools to deal with it. Solutions to the channel coordination problem should ensure that the goals of the individual channel parties are aligned with the goals of the channel as a whole. The paper proposes one particular agreement for this purpose, called proportional discount sharing. Application to the ECR data shows a win-win result for both the manufacturer and the retailer. Recognition of the channel coordination problem by the manufacturer and the retailer is the necessary starting point for agreeing on a way of solving it in a win-win fashion.

- by han Soethoudt
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- Marketing, Tourism, Business and Management, Profitability
- by Frank Bruinsma
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- International Trade, European Union, Case Study, Marketing channel

A study was conducted during 2011 to estimate profit, benefit cost ratio (BCR) and household income of mushroom production and also to explore the problems of producing mushroom and its marketing channels in Bangladesh. Thirty samples were randomly selected and information on mushroom production was collected using comprehensive questionnaire from Savar Upazila in Dhaka district. Mushroom was found to be a profitable agricultural enterprise (22,888 taka per farm). The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was 1.55. The average family household income was about Tk. 43,731. Usually, three intermediaries (mushroom office, wholesalers and retailers) are involved in the marketing channels of mushroom. The marketing margin of mushroom for farm-gate to wholesalers and wholesalers to retailers were taka 50 and 70 per kg, respectively. It was revealed that rich and middle income group people were the main mushroom customers. Even though mushroom is a profitable enterprise, the producers faced numerous pr...

- by Dr. Basanta Kumar Barmon
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- Business, Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh, Profit
- by Advent Manurung
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- Land management, Land tenure, Natural Resource Management, Profitability

Supermarkets have become important in food retail in both developed and developing countries. Supermarkets in developed countries are expanding to developing countries such as Latin America and Asia resulting in transformation of the agro-food systems. As elsewhere in the world, supermarkets are also expanding rapidly in Africa. The growth and expansion of supermarkets is mainly spearheaded by South African supermarkets and has been facilitated by trade liberalization, increased economic growth, positive political changes, regional integration arrangements, increased urbanisation, increased per capita income and middle class population groups and liberalization of foreign direct investment. The increased foreign direct investment (FDI) by South African supermarkets into SADC and the rest of Africa may be impacting on firms, households and the economy in the host nations in various ways. As much as the FDI by South African firms bring the much-needed capital for development, the impa...

- by Rosemary Emongor
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- Human Geography, Agricultural Development, Procurement, Case Studies
- by Johann Sölkner
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- Agriculture, Kenya, Adolescent, Animal Husbandry
- by Charles Weinberg
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- Marketing, Advertising, Movies, Marketing channel
- by Md. Sohel Parvez
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- Applied Economics, Case Study, Profitability, Marketing channel

"Tamil Nadu is the pioneering state in so much as it has varied genotypes from diversified geographical areas, as well as introductions from Sir Lanka. Farmers found that growing moringa crops during summer season was remunerative. Thus, moringa gained a foothold as a summer vegetable. Its unique flavour and aroma became very popular. For South Indian any meal without moringa and pulses is considered incomplete. The demand for the moringa pod also increased due to increased urban settlements and migration of people to urban colonies. Based on the significance of moringa in the human diet this study might more viable with the specific objectives of to assessing the marketing strategies for promotion Periyakulam annual moringa in Tamil Nadu.This study revealed that the price fluctuation in moringa is to the extent of ten times. The moringa production is scattered. The commercial pure crop cultivation is practiced only in selected areas in Tamil Nadu. Being perishable in nature, the produce has to be sold within a short period. Thus in the market, farmers are price takers and are in risk at disadvantages. Group monopsony behaviour of few well established trades indicated that the price made for moringa trade is unfavourable to farming community. Hence, supply chain management has to be effectively arranged for getting due share in the consumer price. Dr Rajendran T""Economic Analysis of Moringa in Tamil Nadu"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd126.pdf
Article URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/126/economic-analysis-of-moringa-in-tamil-nadu/dr-rajendran-t"

- by siddharth garaniya
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- Market Structure, Marketing Strategies, Marketing channel, price fluctuation
- by Oyafajo Taofeek
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- Economics, Policy Analysis, Development policy, Maize
- by Yemisi Bolumole and +1
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- Business, Marketing, Supply Chain Management, Distribution Management

The present study was carried out during 2016 in Fulbaria Upazila, Mymensingh District. Both primary and secondary data were analyzed to achieve the objectives of the study. Primary data were collected from 30 intermediaries in the supply chain of vermicompost marketing. A specialized market for vermicompost was not observed in the study area. The major portion of vermicompost i.e. 90% was found to be marketed directly from producers to the users. The users were farmers, Bangladesh army, Tea garden and research institution. Maximum volume was marketed to the farmers i.e. 75%. Some users were found to buy vermicompost from cooperatives. Particular vermicompost trader was not found to be involved in the process of marketing within the study area. Most of the produced vermicompost was utilized within the district and only a very small amount was sent for usages to other districts. Head load/shoulder load, van, rickshaw and auto rickshaw were the common modes of transportation. Market information was collected through the internet, mobile phone and personal visit to the producers. Price was commonly determined through rapid interaction of the supply and demand. For fixing the buying and selling price, open bargaining, going market price and prefixed prices methods were followed. Cooperatives average purchase price was Tk. 82.67, average sale price Tk. 105, Marketing cost Tk. 8.62 per kg. Marketing margin and net marketing margin of cooperatives was found to be Tk. 22.33 and Tk. 13.71 per kg. In the study area, producers share at consumer's taka for vermicompost 78.73% and marketing efficiency of vermicompost 2.68 in channel II. More than 90% farmers expressed that lack of market information and lack of marketplace are major constraints toward vermicompost marketing.

- by akm ashfaq
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- Marketing channel, Marketing Function, Constraints, marketing cost
- by Syed Andaleeb
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- Marketing, Retailing, Marketing channel, Interaction effect
- by Bruce Weinberg and +1
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- Marketing, Customer Satisfaction, Program Development, Business and Management

The objective of this article is to identify the re asons for the choice of open fair as marketing channels in the commercialization of agricultural a nd agroindustrial products harvested by small agriculture holders in the city of Cascavel/Pr, in the year of 2007. Thus, interviews with agricultural producers that commercialize their pro ducts in the open fair were undertaken.

- by Crislaine Colla
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- Marketing channel
- by Rolph Anderson and +1
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- Business, Management, Marketing, Project Management

In this paper, we deal with the challenges offered to international firms by combined transport. We start with an introduction to logistics and marketing channels. An attempt is made to link the current theory about marketing channels to combined transport and logistics in order to develop a customer-based and broadly applicable approach to the study of freight transport in Europe.

- by Frank Bruinsma
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- International Trade, European Union, Case Study, Marketing channel

Fruit and vegetables are important agricultural products of our country. These product industries consist of many crops and products, each has very different marketing channels and demand and supply. Although most of these products (more than hundreds) are commercially produced and sold and bought, a few major products dominate in this industry. When we compare with other countries in the

- by Cuma Akbay
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- Agricultural Production, Marketing channel, Fruit and vegetables, Demand and Supply
- by Magdy Mousa
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- Agricultural Economics, Food, European Union, Case Study
- by Daniel J . Flint and +1
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- Marketing, Knowledge Management, Supply Chain Management, Supply Chain
- by Cheryl Druehl and +1
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- Management, Marketing, Herpetology, Supply Chain Management

Smallholder farmers are faced with a range of institutional challenges in produce marketing. In turn, these challenges influence their selection of marketing channels. In this chapter, a multinomial logistic regression model was used to test the significance of institutional factors in marketing. Te results are based on a case study for smallholder farmers in the Kat River Valley, in South Africa. It is shown that the statistically significant variables are access to market information, expertise on grades and standards, availability of contractual agreements, existence of extensive social capital, group participation and reliance on traditions.

- by Ajuruchukwu Obi
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- Social Capital, South Africa, Case Study, Statistical Significance
- by I. Baltenweck and +3
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- West Africa, Marketing channel

Advances in information technology and changing customer needs for channel service outputs have dramatically affected the routes to markets in many industries. The authors propose that these changes have led to significant alterations in how customers interact with firms and consequently to a phenomenon that we dub ‘‘channel multiplicity.’’ Channel multiplicity is characterized by the customer’s reliance on multiple sources of information from independent (and often disparate) channel organizations and increasing demand for a seamless experience throughout the buying process. The authors identify the new market operating realities driving channel multiplicity and provide an overview of the consequences for channel design and channel management: a broadened view of products and services, channel leadership challenges, alterations in channel structure, and an expanded view of distribution intensity. The authors also identify issues triggered by these developments, which calls for furt...

- by Kersi Antia
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- Marketing, Service, Marketing channel
- by Asfaw Negassa
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- Food Policy, Value Chain, Developing Country, Marketing channel
- by Georges Zaccour
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- Profitability, Marketing channel
- by Valarie Zeithaml
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- Perception, Service Quality, Service Delivery, Marketing channel

The development of research explaining the structure and operations of interfirm relations and networks in marketing channels and business markets is described. The focus is on the main contributors and research themes that have... more

- by Ian Wilkinson
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- Business Networks, Multidisciplinary, DISTRIBUTION, Behavioral Science
- by Percy Sajise
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- Marketing channel
- by Hamid Reza Irani
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- Decision Making, Iran, Marketing channel, Distribution Channels
- by Richard Zarate
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- Vietnam, Supply Chain, Animal Production, Marketing channel

The study was conducted to explore the experiences of dairy farmers in Kamrup (Metro), Assam, India, with the particular focus on livelihood sustenance and upliftment of dairy farmers in the lockdown period. The results obtained from a sample of 100 dairy farmers indicated that a significant number of dairy farmers were satisfied with the evolution of a lucrative direct selling channel during the lockdown which guarantees higher profits. Surveyed reports showed that cost of fodder, availability of manpower and veterinary services are the most important dilemma for the farmers followed by adoption of unscientific techniques in farming for households income.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Livelihood, Marketing channel, Dairy Farming, lockdown

Low crop productivity is a general problem facing most farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). These low yields are pronounced in grain legumes and are often associated with declining soil fertility and reduced N2-fixation due to biological and environmental factors. Unfortunately, the majority of African small farmers are now unable to afford the high mineral fertilizer prices. More than 75% of the fertilizers used in Africa are imported, putting pressure on foreign exchange. Low cost and sustainable technical solutions compatible with the socioeconomic conditions of small farmers are needed to solve soil fertility problems. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), a key source of N for farmers using little or no fertilizer, constitutes one of the potential solutions and plays a key role in sustainable grain legumes (e.g., soybean) production. Given the high cost of fertilizer in Africa and the limited market infrastructure for farm inputs, current research and extension efforts have been directed to integrated nutrient management, in which legumes play a crucial role. Inoculation with compatible and appropriate rhizobia may be necessary where a low population of native rhizobial strains predominates and is one of the solutions which grain legume farmers can use to optimize yields. It is critical for sustained yield in farmlands deficient in native rhizobia and where N supply limits production. Research on use of Rhizobium inoculants for production of grain legumes showed it is a cheaper and usually more effective agronomic practice for ensuring adequate N nutrition of legumes, compared with the application of N fertilizer. Here, we review past and ongoing interventions in Rhizobium inoculation (with special reference to soybean) in the farming systems of SSA with a view to understanding the best way to effectively advise on future investments to enhance production and adoption of BNF and inoculant technologies in SSA. The major findings are: (1) complete absence of or very weak institutions, policy and budgetary support for biotechnology research and lack of its integration into wider agricultural and overall development objectives in SSA, (2) limited knowledge of inoculation responses of both promiscuous and specifically nodulating soybean varieties as well as the other factors that inhibit BNF, hence a weak basis for decision-making on biotechnology issues in SSA, (3) limited capacity and lack of sustainable investment, (4) poorly developed marketing channels and infrastructure, and limited involvement of the private sector in the distribution of inoculants, and (5) limited farmer awareness about and access to (much more than price) inoculants. The lessons learned include the need: (1) to increase investment in Rhizobium inoculation technology development, and strengthen policy and institutional support, (2) for public private partnership in the development, deployment and dissemination of BNF technologies, (3) to develop effective BNF dissemination strategies (including participatory approach) to reach farmers, (4) for greater emphasis on capacity building along the BNF value chain, and (5) for partnership between universities in SSA and those in the North on BNF research.

- by Franklin Mairura and +1
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- Decision Making, Capacity Building, Technology development, Value Chain

In a context of growing global threats, from climate change, the depletion and degradation of natural resources, to the recent global economic crisis, consequences of short and long term are being witnessed, which undermine the agriculture sustainability. The systems vulnerability, their inability to resilience and the need for innovation is observed, emphasizing also the most capable systems (more sustainable), offering new opportunities and encouraging more environmentally friendly practices. This work takes as starting point the evolution of economic, environmental and social parameters in farms, in recent years, in order to try to identify the difficulties and the solutions capable of sustaining agriculture in the context of multiple hazards at the farm level. The main methodology focuses on inquiries to the responsible agents for developing the main agriculture activities held in Tras-os-Montes, including farmers and their associations. The results confirm the dependence of pro...

- by Ana Marta-Costa
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- Economics, International Relations, Climate Change, Sustainable agriculture

This policy synthesis highlights the key findings and conclusions contained in the full report,“Developments in Fertilizer Marketing in Zambia: Commercial Trading, Government Programs and the Smallholder Farmer.” The key objective of this... more

- by Ballard Zulu and +1
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- Food Policy, Information Policy, Market Orientation, Distributed System

Smallholder producers of fruits and vegetables in the Nanggung sub-district of West Java, Indonesia practice a multicropping system of agriculture on less than two acres of land. Agricultural practices in this area are still crude, with little or no inputs such as fertilization or modern irrigation. When water is available, the furrow irrigation system is used at best. Although banana

- by James Roshetko
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- Pepper, Distributed System, Crop Production, Marketing channel
- by D. Jordaan and +1
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- Marketing, Human Geography, Agribusiness, Supply Chain
- by Jan Holmström
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- Marketing, Supply Chain Management, Production Planning, Supply Chain

Since Jaworski’s (1988) conceptual framework, empirical research on the factors explaining variety across marketing and sales control systems remains inconclusive. Our research aims at identifying and better understanding the environmental factors that may structure these control systems. We conducted 21 semi-inductive interviews with Sales and Marketing managers and identify four company categories with different control systems. Different marketing and sales

- by Hélène Löning
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- Information Systems, Marketing, Retail Marketing, Control system
- by Minha Hwang
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- Consumer Behavior, Retailing, Wal-Mart, Marketing channel