Medieval Spain Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025

Neste artigo, demonstraremos de que modo o fenômeno esotérico pode ser compreendido como um resultado de entrelaçamentos transculturais, tomando como objeto de análise o primeiro capítulo do Lemegeton, intitulado "Of the Arte Goetia", um grimório de magia salomônica que trata da invocação de espíritos. Para fundamentar nossa análise, utilizaremos dois conceitos teóricos fundamentais: a noção de “vórtice histórico”, desenvolvida pela historiadora brasileira Aline Dias da Silveira, e a concepção de esoterismo elaborada por Kocku von Stuckrad. Com base nesses arcabouços teóricos, definiremos o que entendemos por transculturalidade e vórtice histórico, estabelecendo, em seguida, uma relação entre esses processos e o fenômeno esotérico presente no Goetia.

2025, Juntos transformamos el mundo. Asociación Civil Científica Piensa Diferente (pp. 21-35). ISBN: 978-612-49944-1-8

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2025, Crecimiento agrario y estrategias de (re)producción entre los campesinos andalusíes del Alto Mijares: regar, drenar, tal vez ampliar / Agrarian growth and (re)production strategies among Andalusian peasants in Alto Mijares: irrigating, draining, perhaps expanding

This article reviews a group of agricultural areas adjacent to a series of settlements from the Andalusí period in a very specific area of Alto Mijares, around the Gúdar and Javalambre mountain ranges in the south of Aragón. An area where, from the 4th/10th century onwards, an increase in population centres has been detected, which occurred in parallel with an expansion of cultivated areas, both rainfed and irrigated, as well as drained stopping places. The main objective of this work is based on establishing and presenting its main characteristics in order to try to ascertain what its forms of use and social organisation were during the period indicated. Likewise, the aim is to establish whether the autonomous reproduction of domestic units was compatible with situations of agricultural growth and integration into the commercial networks that operated on a regional scale.

2025

Mundos medievales espacios sociedades y poder Volumen I Universidad de Cantabria SIGLOS V-VI-VII

2025

The colloquial usages of convivencia constitute only one case of the relevance of translation, as they differ from convivencia between religions in medieval Spain and convivencia as it appears in the thought of Américo Castro. In the following lines we set it within the frame of its time, its field of scholarship and its historiographical, theoretical and philological presuppositions. We show that it encompasses precise fields such as food studies. An examination of one concrete example throws into question not only the equation of literature and history, but also the "translation" of medieval convivencia as a romantic image of idyllic, harmonious, friendly relations.

2025

Most studies on the languages of the Jews in the tenth to thirteenth centuries in the Iberian Peninsula concentrate on Arabic and Hebrew, leaving the romance aside. It is the purpose of this article to reassess this. It does so by assembling and interpreting evidence of language usage at that time and place. In some cases, the evidence has been relatively known in an isolated manner but is analyzed differently here. In others it has been ignored or is too recent to have been taken into consideration. The conclusion is that the romance was far more central in that culture than imagined before.

2025

Elena Beletckaia • 05/16/2025 Discussion H-Judaic is greatly saddened to learn of the passing of Prof. Eleazar Gutwirth, z"l (1950-2025). Javier Castaño has sent the following necrology: With deep sadness, I share the news of the passing of our dear friend and colleague, Eleazar Gutwirth, in New York City. His scholarship left a profound and lasting mark on the study of late medieval and early modern Hispano-Jewish history. Eli was born in 1950 in Prien am Chiemsee, Bavaria, Germany. After his family settled in Buenos Aires, Argentina, he spent his formative years there before continuing his education in Israel and the United States. He pursued advanced Jewish studies at Jews' College in London and went on to complete his doctorate at the University of London. In 1978, under the mentorship of Prof. Chimen Abramsky, he submitted his dissertation, Social Tensions within Fifteenth-Century Hispano-Jewish Communities, marking the beginning of a long and distinguished scholarly career. He began his academic path at the Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit in Cambridge in 1979, where he worked for several years before joining Tel Aviv University's Jewish History Department in 1982. There, he taught for over four decades and became a pillar of the field both in Israel and internationally. And in 2015 he was elected a corresponding member of the Royal Spanish Academy.

2025, Manquso

This paper proposes a new reading for one of the names that appears on the issues of the caliph Sulaymān al-Musta‘īn of the year 405/1014-1015 and mint name al-Andalus, which has had previous readings. It also discussed possible... more

2025

En el presente artículo se propone una nueva lectura para uno de los nombres que figura en las emisiones del califa Sulaymān al-Musta'īn del año 405/1014-1015 y ceca al-Andalus, que ha tenido lecturas previas. Se reflexiona, así mismo, sobre posibles identificaciones del personaje a quien puede referirse y se propone que pueda tratarse del Birzālí Ibrāhīm b. Fulful, lo que sitúa las emisiones con su nombre en el área de Jaén.

2025, ESPACIO, TIEMPO Y FORMA, SERIE III, HISTORIA MEDIEVAL

Resumen Este trabajo revisa la evolución de las líneas de investigación clásicas sobre los colectivos mudéjares castellanos y estudia otras de reciente aparición, con excepción del Reino de Granada, desde la publicación en el año 2010 del artículo de Miguel Ángel Ladero Quesada «Los mudéjares de Castilla cuarenta años después», hasta la actualidad. Asimismo, se realiza una selección de las publicaciones más relevantes en este ámbito aparecidas en el mismo periodo, todo ello con la finalidad de valorar el estado actual de la investigación y de los temas que aún pueden ser objeto de desarrollo.

2025, Congres Internacional "Escribir en la frontera entre Galicia y Portugal en la Edad Media: protagonistas, lugares y productos" (08 de noviembre de 2024, Tui)

En el noroeste peninsular, el ciclo escriturario gótico se desarrolló con cierta
demora, hasta bien entrado el siglo XIII, pues la realidad gráfica visigótica perduró hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XII y su tránsito hacia la escritura carolina no se inició hasta mediados de esta centuria. El presente estudio pretende situar las fronteras de la escritura en la documentación producida, consumida y/o conservada en Santa María de Oia (Pontevedra) para los siglos XII-XIII; conocer las distintas fases vividas en el proceso de sustitución de la escritura visigótica por la escritura carolina, luego la natural evolución gótica y, por último, su derivación cursiva.

2025, Between

This contribution explores the representation of the myth of Endymion and Selene in specific artworks from the Global North (especially by Pier Francesco Mola and Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson), focusing on the interplay between light, body, and meaning. The study uncovers the complexity and evolution of Endymion's character, influenced by changing cultural and artistic contexts. It delves into the spatial dimensions of imagination, symbolic associations, semiotics of light, and evolving ideals of masculinity, emphasizing the importance of interpreting the myth through a topographic perspective. Furthermore, it examines how cultural norms and spatial constructs challenge established conventions, introducing disruptive elements within familiar narratives. Endymion's portrayal as a passive figure bathed in Selene's light serves as a focal point for exploring themes of desire, castration symbolism, and the objectification of the male body that reflects broader shifts in artistic sensibilities and cultural norms.

2025

A oportunidade retém-nos agora pela quarta cruzada, apesar de terem sucedido outras campanhas até 1272. O presente texto procura ensaiar uma síntese acerca do impacto positivo que as cruzadas tiveram na Europa, em termos políticos, económicos, financeiros e culturais, ainda que a sua narrativa se revesta, sobretudo, de fracassos militares, responsáveis pela acentuação das animosidades religiosas entre muçulmanos e cristãos.

2025, Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval, 38, pp. 337-364

The role of Sanlúcar de Barrameda as an outer harbour of Seville is well known. However, as lords of the town, the dukes of Medina Sidonia attempted to provide it with a distinct development, in direct competition with Cadiz. Through a comparative perspective, this study addresses its subsidiary position in terms of trade and navigation, as well as the diplomacy of the Italian merchant nations (Genova, Venice, and Florence) in the late Middle Ages.

2025, De Medio Aevo

The situation of Mudejar aljamas in Castile between Henry II’s accession and the end of Henry III’s reign still needs in-depth studies. The appearance of a long lawsuit in the cathedral of Toledo, which began around 1390 and ended in 1407, allows us to approach the study of this aljama for the given period. First of all, we will see the development of the Mudejar community in a city decimated by the plague and civil war, which had lost most of its Jewish community. The prosopographical analysis of the members of the Mudejar aljama, their convert relatives and the Christian authorities involved in their daily life, is followed by the basic characteristics for the recognition of the aljama by the king and by their fellow citizens, unraveled throughout the lawsuit. Testimonies show that conversion to Christianity was increasing among the Mudejars, whose families were becoming more and more mixed. The kings supported this conversion policy among Mudejar elites. Finally, we can see how the continuous contact with the archbishop and the chapter plays a fundamental role in the development and limitations of the daily life of the aljama.

2025, Espacio, tiempo y forma, Serie III. Historia Medieval

2025, Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval

This study re-examines three prevailing historiographical paradigms that have shaped interpretations of manuscript RBME &-I-3 housed in the Library of the Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial. Traditionally referred to as the Etymologiae of Queen Sancha, this manuscript has remained outside the main focus of academic interest, ultimately being reduced to a series of uncritically accepted stereotypes. The analysis challenges three of these ideas: its identification as a copy of Isidore of Seville’s Originum; its association with the codicological tradition of the Etymologiae of Alfonso III; and its understanding as an education manual for a prince. By closely examining its physical attributes, literary content and artistic features, a more nuanced understanding of the codex itself will emerge and, by extension, the bibliophile activity of its benefactor.

2025, Images of Thomas Becket in the Middle Ages and Beyond: The Uses and Reception of a Celebrity Saint. Edited by Alyce A. Jordan and Kay Brainerd Slocum (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1925), 153-185.

Only three months before Thomas Becket's assassination, Henry II's daughter Leonor married Alfonso VIII of Castilla. Although it is frequently assumed that the marriages of Henry II's daughters to several royal houses in Europe were the reason that Becket's cult so quickly became widespread, it was the clergy who were, in fact, the primary promoters of the new saint. Despite the conflict between Church and State that led to Becket's murder in England, the dissemination of his cult in Castilla demonstrates a certain cooperation between them, although not always harmonious. In part, this was to support a Christian crown in the face of wars against the Islamic caliphate. Although many of the artworks and documents gathered here have been catalogued previously, this article examines their context by focusing on the patrons and the circumstances of their devotion.

2025

Intento de reconstruccion de la familia de Arpa, famoso feudatario de Ramiro II, Ramon Berenguer IV y Alfonso II, senior en Loarra y Mequinenza

2025

En enero de 1404, a raíz de un conflicto que venía de lejos, los criados del obispo burgalés Juan de Villacreces irrumpieron armados y de forma violenta en las po sesiones que el monasterio de Las Huelgas ostentaba en La Llana de la ciudad de Burgos, causando graves daños, pues dieron muerte a un perro guardés, robaron el dinero y los objetos de valor que allí se custodiaban e, incluso, hirieron (supuesta mente de gravedad) a un clérigo residente del lugar al servicio de la abadía, quien acabó además encarcelado en la prisión del obispo.' Aunque los conflictos existentes entre el obispado de Burgos y la comunidad cis terciense de Las Huelgas no siempre resultaron tan encarnizados ni alcanzaron las cotas de violencia física observadas en 1404, lo cierto es que fueron una constante desde el mismo momento en que ambas instituciones comenzaron a convivir a tan escasa distancia la una de la otra. En la mayor parte de los casos, dichos conflic tos se circunscribieron al ámbito económico, teniendo como eje la percepción de diezmos. En otras ocasiones, sin embargo, las disputas se extendieron al terreno canónico, en relación con el intervencionismo de los obispos burgaleses en el de sarrollo del ceremonial litúrgico de la abadía cisterciense. Finalmente, aunque no será objeto de atención en estas páginas, cabe señalar que entre ambas instituciones se entabló también en determinados momentos una pugna por afianzarse como ' Este trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación I+D+i Sedes Memoriae 2: Memorias de cultos y las artes del altar en las catedrales medievales del norte peninsular (

2025, Exemplaria

This article argues that intersex is present in medieval medical texts outside of the medieval concept of hermaphroditism. The phlegmatic man, the phlegmatic woman, and the sanguine man, in the twelfth-century medical text "Cause et cure", all exhibit intersex characteristics. The close examination of the terms in which these figures are described also shows that the elaboration of intersex in this text directly challenges the modern distinction between sex and gender. Contrary to Joan Cadden's influential analysis of "Cause et cure", I argue that the text has a robust nonbinary system of sexual difference. In particular, phlegm is consistently characterised as an intersex category. The examination of phlegm's intersex properties leads to a re-examination of viriditas [greenness]. This study reveals that viriditas acts as a masculine and masculinising substance, in an almost hormonal sense. Its imbalanced presence in phlegmatic bodies causes them to diverge from prelapsarian ideals of sexual dimorphism. "Cause et cure" identifies the Fall as the cause of humoral imbalance, and illness. The text precisely describes atypical sex as one of the effects of this fallen state. I identify this through an intersex reading which contests the sex/gender distinction and the reification of sex.

2025, La mobilità sociale nelle società preindustriali: tendenze, cause ed effetti (secc. XIII-XVIII) / Social mobility in pre-industrial societies: tendencies, causes and effects (13th-18th centuries), Firenze University Press

An approach to inequality and social mobility in Northern Castile (fifteenth and sixteenth centuries) 1 1 This work has been carried out as part of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation research project entitled Desarrollo comercial, desigualdad económica y movilidad social en la Castilla septentrional (1450-1580), Ref. PID2022-140952NB-I00.

2025, Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy

This article examines the intersection of medicine, as both knowledge and practice, and theology in the context of the Zoharic literature, the acme of medieval Kabbalah. Focusing on the Tiḳuney Zohar, it demonstrates its author's expertise in state-of-the-art high medieval medical discourse, and its importance within his writing. The article demonstrates how the physician becomes a favored epistemic model in two related narratives: the Zoharic discussion of an ideal physician named ʾAsya Ḳarṭinah, and a Tiḳuney Zohar narrative portraying the exiled Shekhinah as a patient, and discusses possible meanings of a medicine based on the secrets of the Kabbalah.

2025

Las relaciones entre las comunidades judias y los concejos municipales en la Edad media hispanica suelen ser caracterizadas por la historiografia como hostiles y signadas por competencia, actuando las oligarquias concejiles como los principales actores de rechazo hacia la comunidad judia y, mas especificamente, hacia su elite. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo centrarse en el caso de la comunidad judia de Toledo durante el siglo XIV y examinar las modalidades a partir de las cuales la misma se relaciono con el concejo municipal de la ciudad, atendiendo, a su vez, a la intervencion de la monarquia en este entramado. Para ello, utilizaremos material tanto historiografico como documental, valiendonos, para este ultimo caso, de la recopilacion de fuentes realizada por Pilar Leon Tello.

2025, AMBIGUOUS WOMEN IN MEDIEVAL ART

Among other corbels on the façade of the Church of San Martin de Tours in Artáiz (Navarra Spain, twelfth century), an interesting relief depicts a woman while giving birth. Childbirth in medieval art is a fascinating subject, as it can portray the differences between medieval and contemporary attitudes regarding sex and gender. How is childbirth depicted? Why is it depicted at all? This essay will analyze the meaning and scope of the childbirth relief within the context of early Medieval culture and recent research in Romanesque marginal art.

2025

El reinado de Enrique IV de Castilla ha sido históricamente desfigurado por acusaciones de impotencia física y sexual, instrumentalizadas por cronistas y opositores para socavar su legitimidad. Esta visión distorsionada alcanzó su punto... more

2025

El carácter de la política Carolina hacia los moriscos ha sido definido por el profesor Fernández ÁJvarez como de contemporización, después de una fase de violencia que situó a los mudejares valencianos y aragoneses ante la disj^untiva de bautismo o difícil exilio '. Ambas partes -la Corona y la minoría-llegan a configurar un modus vivendi, en expresión de Antonio Domínguez Ortiz y Bemard Vincent ^, ya que, si bien existen una serie de disposiciones represivas, éstas no se aplican con firmeza y en la práctica las tradiciones culturales moriscas se mantienen. En la evolución de la política del Emperador hacia los moriscos granadinos podemos distinguir un primer momento de definición, centrado en la Junta de la Capilla Real de 1526 y los decretos que completan y desarrollan lo acordado en ella, y una etapa de contemporización en la que estos acuerdos van a quedar sin aplicación efectiva, mientras se producen una serie de negociaciones entre los moriscos y el Santo Oficio, con la mediación de los Mendoza, que pretenden paralizar, o al menos amortiguar, la represión inquisitorial como requisito básico para el mantenimiento del modus vivendi.

2025

Durante varias campañas se han realizado excavaciones arqueológicas en uno de los pocos monasterios tardoantiguos conocidos por las fuentes documentales de la época: el 'monasterium ruphianense', actualmente conocido como San Pedro de Montes. Igualmente, en la localidad de Compludo, lugar en el que la tradición —y alguna que otra “actuación” arqueológica— sitúa el 'coenobium complutense', la primera fundación de fructuoso en Bergidum Flavium, se han llevado a cabo prospecciones e investigaciones.
La intención de esta publicación es informar a la comunidad científica de las actuaciones realizadas hasta este momento en el Monasterio de Montes de Valdueza y en Compludo, fundados en el siglo VII.

2025

This conference presentation addresses the topic of slavery in North Africa during the medieval period. It begins with a brief overview of the practice of slavery in the Islamic world, and then turns to a closer examination of slavery as discussed by four important Maliki jurists: Malik b. Anas (d. 180/796), Ibn Wahb al-Qurashi (d. 197/812), Sahnun b. Sa'id al-Tanukhi (d. 272/885), and Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani (d. 386/996).

2025, From Alarcos to Las Navas: The Church’s Policy of Christian Unity in Iberia Between Two Battles

The Christians of Iberia, in their pursuit of reclaiming the lands they regarded as the legacy of Rome, the Visigoths, and Christianity itself, initiated a process that would later come to be known as the Reconquista. With the advent of the Crusades, the Church increasingly became a central actor in this endeavor. In the ecclesiastical view, Iberia constituted another front of the Crusading movement-one geographically closer to Catholic Europe than Jerusalem. Conscious of this proximity, the Church exerted considerable effort to preserve the integrity of the conflict within the peninsula and to mobilize Christian masses against the Muslim forces. However, the machinery that sustained this struggle often faltered due to the political rivalries among the Christian kings of Iberia. Internal conflicts emerged as principal impediments to the overarching policy of expelling the Muslims from the region. In response, the Church intensified its interventions in the peninsula's political affairs to ensure internal stability. Following the Castilian defeat at the Battle of Alarcos in 1195, the Kingdom of Castile found itself threatened not only by Muslim forces but also by its Christian neighbors, the kingdoms of León and Navarre. For the Church, which sought to subjugate Muslim power and, if possible, drive it beyond the Strait of Gibraltar, it was intolerable that a Christian monarch engaged in a sacred struggle should be attacked by a fellow Christian ruler. Moreover, these "treacherous" kings did not hesitate to forge alliances with Muslim powers.

2025, Rivista di Storia, Arte e Archeologia per le Province di Alessandria e Asti

Il presente contributo si prefigge di analizzare l'opposizione di lunga durata tra nobiltà del Popolo e del Comune in Alessandria mediante due affondi su due diversi episodi della sua storia. Nella prima parte si ripercorrono, con l'analisi di una fonte edita ma finora mai esaminata approfonditamente nella sua essenza di prodotto di fazione, le ultime battute della lotta portata avanti da una frangia della nobiltà del Comune per ottenere l'abbattimento definitivo dell'Anzianato duecentesco, avvenuto con la riforma del 1588-1589; la seconda sezione costituisce invece il primo studio organico interamente dedicato alla vicenda della Casa Ducale del 1417 (in realtà, come si vedrà, di poco precedente), ben nota alla storiografia ma da essa tramandata in forma semplificata e affrontata solo incidentalmente dagli storici moderni.

2025

De doña María no sabemos demasiado, a pesar de contar con un breve retrato, escrito por su hijo Don Pedro Fernández de Velasco en el libro Origen de la ilustrísima casa de Velasco, en el que resalta, al igual que hiciera con su abuela Mencía de Mendoza, la característica de ser «amiga de edificar», entendiendo que la magnificencia era virtud nobiliaria.
El texto recorre los patronatos llevados a cabo por ella, destacando la colegiata de Berlanga. Una monumental fábrica levantada en tiempo record al reaprovechar en su fábrica los materiales que habían dado soporte a nueve de las diez parroquias habidas en la villa.
Sin embargo, la figura de esta dama no se explica únicamente en su faceta de patrona de obras de Artte, sino en su capacidad para generar unos modelos de comportamiento propios de su linaje, así como de generar tramas clientelares. Procedimientos estudiados en el caso de las reinas y definidos a través del concepto de "queenship", uns realidas que observamos extensiva a todas las grandes damas nobililiarias, por lo que entendos la necesidad de acuñar otro término que permita entender las funcionnes que desarrollaron y para el que proponemos el término de "SEÑORALIDAD".

2025

La cerámica Hispanomusulmana, y su relación con la cerámica de botica.

2025

This article reads Radwa Ashour's Granada (1995) as a novel that examines the cumulativeness of trauma in Arab/Muslim cultures. It is representative of postcolonial trauma novels' rethinking of the Eurocentric event-based model that lays the postcolonial question by the wayside. A barbed critique that links the colonial past to its postcolonial aftermath is thus leveled at the lasting aftereffects of a violent Western coloniality/modernity. By deploying the family trope, it recasts the undeterrable advance of Western globalism as the instigator of post-generational trauma. Ashour's angst-ridden narrative especially laments the foreclosure inflicted on potentialities by the Western discourse of salvation in that the latter submits the Arab/Muslim Other's attempt at conserving one's legacy to processes of incrimination and obliteration. In view of her full awareness of the looming death that triggers her existential dilemma as an intellectual, Ashour insists on excavating the archive as an act of survival against external forces that threaten to annihilate her cultural heritage. By mourning the loss of al-Andalus , she therefore exhibits unwavering determination to lay bare the dark underside of a long and single history of Western modernity.

2025, Blog der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Iberomediaevistik - Mittelalterforschung zur Iberischen Halbinsel, 2023

In his Fortalitium Fidei (c. 1464), the Franciscan friar Alonso de Espina outlines a new conception of the Judaizing heresy. Instead of seeing Judaizing merely as a clandestine continuation of Jewish beliefs and practices, he saw it as an even worse heretical aberration. He argued that most conversos had abandoned all religious traditions, sharing the conviction, first held by Epicurus, that the human soul expires after death. Espina’s discourse paved the way for the link between the New Christians and the denial of immortality, which can be observed in the files of the Spanish Inquisition produced at the end of the 15th century.

2025, Studia Historica, Historia Medieval 43/1, pp. 286-290

Review on Studia Historica, Historia Medieval by Alberto García Porras on our book El Castil de Genoveses de Málaga (siglos XIV-XV). Un barrio comercial fortificado en el Mediterráneo islámico.

Federica Favero, Rossana Guglielmetti, eds., In parabolas Salomonis, In Ecclesiasten, In canticum canticorum. Tre esposizioni iberiche, Firenze: Sismel, Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2023, v+957 pp., ISBN 978-88-9290-280-0.

2025, Exemplaria Classica

2025, Arte y mitra. La expresión del poder episcopal en las catedrales góticas (eds. María Dolores Teijeira, María Victoria Herráez Ortega, Javier Castiñeiras López), Madrid, CSIC, pp. 129-152

2025, Género e historiografía contemporánea

Una discusión reciente entre varias generaciones sobre la historiografía feminista en el contexto de la disciplina histórica institucionalizada.

2025, Studia Historica. Historia Medieval 43.1

Assessing economic growth. 2 The logic of the feudal economy. 3 Marxism and Medieval History. 4 Works cited. 0 The Donkey anD The BoaT and the «commercial revolution» In an interview published in the Italian journal Reti Medievali Rivista, Chris Wickham stated that: Per molto tempo ho voluto scalzare le grandi narrazioni. Non perché sia a esse ostile in linea di principio, al modo di Jean-François Lyotard con la sua incredulité à l'égard des métarécits -anzi: ritengo che siano essenziali per dare un senso agli argomenti storici-ma

2025, Studia Historica. Historia Medieval

This article examines non-violent conflicts between Conversos and Old Christians in fifteenth-century Valencia, challenging the historiographical emphasis on violence and structural discrimination in interfaith relations. Drawing on judicial records, notarial protocols, and arbitration agreements, it explores the mechanisms of conflict resolution and their role in the gradual integration of conversos into Christian society following the mass conversions of 1391. The study highlights how disputes-rooted in familial, economic, and social interactions-were managed through civil courts and private arbitration, revealing a nuanced interplay between coexistence and inequality. By analyzing the socio-professional networks and endogamous tendencies of the converso community, the article argues that peaceful conflict management served as a vital tool for fostering social cohesion and enabling conversos' participation in economic and institutional frameworks. This integrative process, while paradoxically born of violence, demonstrates the complexities of rebuilding coexistence in late medieval Iberia.

2025, Tuskaland

Most of the books dedicated to the Viking phenomenon ignore what happened south of river Loire. However, in the first three decades between 834 and 864, the Northmen were mainly involved in Aquitaine, Iberian peninsula and the Mediterranean. Could it be that those who initiated the mouvment had more ambitions in the South thant in the British Isles ?

2025

This volume explores the relationship of mendicant men and women to cities and their inhabitants in the Mediterranean world, c.1200-1500. It asks questions including: what was specifically "urban" about the mendicant movement? what does it mean to think of the mendicants as an "urban phenomenon"? and was there anything common to mendicant experiences in the cities of the Mediterranean? In addressing these questions, the volume expands our understanding of the mendicants by offering chapters that examine this religious movement within urban environments from the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa, Southern France, and Italy, to the Dalmatian Coast, Aegean Islands, Egypt, and the Levant. The chapters treat a wide array of textual, artistic, and architectural sources to consider how mendicants navigated and negotiated the unique social dynamics of Mediterranean cities in their interactions with political potentates, merchants, prisoners, pilgrims, religious and intellectual elites, non-Christians, and inhabitants of the surrounding countryside. It thus offers an interdisciplinary and broad survey of mendicancy as a social-religious phenomenon of the urban Mediterranean, demonstrating that these communities can be defined by much more than their traditionally accepted roles as beggars, preachers, and teachers. Mendicants and the Urban Mediterranean, c.1200-1500 will be of interest to scholars and students across multiple disciplines engaged in questions about medieval mendicancy, gender, urban society, inter-religious encounters, and the Mediterranean.

2025

Можем ли мы встретить в его трудах систему энергетических центров и каналов, чакр и нади? Платон и Кундалини? Применял ли он для своих сочинений герметическую кабалу? Фулканелли писал о том, что источником для Адептов служил архаический греческий язык. Плотин же говорил, что язык Платона необходимо понимать как священный, демиургический и даже теургический. Сможем ли мы ответить на поставленные вопросы обратившись к прочтению текстов Диалогов Платона с помощью этимологии слов, проникновения в саму сущность, идею слов?

2025, Historias Del Orbis Terrarum

La investigación trata sobre la relación que existe entre el héroe homérico Aquiles y el ideal de princeps presente en El Príncipe de Maquiavelo. Este último se basa en "El mito de Alejandro" y su constante inspiración en el Aquiles de la Ilíada, para determinar algunas de las características que debieran tener los príncipes o todos aquellos que detentan o desean el poder. Asimismo, se establece una relación entre las intervenciones humanas y celestes en la Ilíada, en relación con la interpretación que entrega Maquiavelo sobre la doble naturaleza de los príncipes.

2025, De Medio Aevo

Resumen. El presente artículo ofrece nuevos datos sobre las bibliotecas de los canónigos y beneficiados de la Catedral de Valencia a través del análisis de sus inventarios de bienes y almonedas. El hallazgo de nueva documentación permite estudiar la cultura material de estos eclesiásticos y comprender su nivel cultural, además de su modo de vida. Asimismo, se expondrá cómo las lecturas y la influencia de las nuevas corrientes devocionales harán posible que irrumpan las imágenes en los hogares de los eclesiásticos valentinos en torno al año 1370. Para el estudio de dicha élite se ha recurrido a la historia social, concretamente a la rama de la historia de las mentalidades. Todo ello con el fin de estudiar el comportamiento individual y colectivo de este grupo privilegiado, quienes se convirtieron en auténticos clientes y promotores artísticos. Palabras clave: Catedral de Valencia; bibliotecas; imágenes devocionales; eclesiásticos.

2025, Spain. A Cultural History

Relations and disparities between cultural appropriation and social hierarchies in Medieval Iberia The early medieval period in the Iberian Peninsula was marked by prolonged Muslim domination. This lasted until the second half of the thirteenth century when several Christian kingdoms succeeded in regaining possession of the Muslim-controlled areas leaving only a small enclave of Granada unconquered. This tumultuous period of history is closely associated with intense cultural exchange that took place between all religious and ethnic groups that inhabited the Iberian Peninsula at the time.

2025, Awraq Estudios Sobre El Mundo Arabe E Islamico Contemporaneo

La proclamación del Califato omeya de Córdoba por el emir 'Abd al-Rahman III, el año 929, marcó un hito en la política de al-Andalus, no sólo en el aspecto religioso, sino también en el de las relaciones exteriores. Y eso acabó por reflejarse en la propia manifestación externa de la dinastía. Suponía el paso de una autoridad exclusivamente política -Emirato-a otra -Califato-, que otorgaba al soberano omeya la doble calidad de máxima autoridad del Estado andalusí y de la comunidad de los creyentes, a escala universal, afirmando su legitimidad y la superioridad de sus derechos sobre los de sus enemigos abasíes y sobre los fatimíes de Ifriqiya, quienes, además, eran chiíes. Éstos estaban geográficamente muy próximos y representaban un peligro real en la medida en que disputaban a los señores de al-Andalus no sólo la primacía espiritual, sino la política y la económica sobre el Magreb, que, por otra parte, era un terreno muy fértil para los grupos disidentes y un espacio geográfico clave para la economía de al-Andalus -la ruta del oro africano pasaba por allí y era imprescindible controlarla para asegurarse la estabilidad económica y el futuro de la propia dinastía. Los intereses de Córdoba obligaron a crear una compleja red de relaciones exteriores que, en muy buena medida, pueden concretarse en tres vectores: dominio territorial en al-Andalus, dominio del área del Estrecho y dominio del Mediterráneo Occidental entre, al menos, la costa peninsular y la balear, si no de la propia costa occidental de Italia y del golfo de León. 1 Al mismo tiempo que tenía lugar ese suceso en el extremo sudoccidental de Europa, en el centro del continente se estaba gestando un movimiento político de gran alcance. El soberano de Sajonia, Otón I, se había proclamado rey de Italia e intentaba no sólo tomar el control de todo ese territorio, sino resucitar el viejo y ya desaparecido Imperio carolingio, convirtiéndose en emperador. Tanto en el centro norte como en el sur de Europa, dos poderes emergentes, el Emirato omeya y la monarquía sajona, pretendían monopolizar la autoridad política general sobre las regiones que controlaban y la espiritual sobre sus comunidades religiosas respectivas. Y ambas tendencias se enfrentaban con la hostilidad, latente por otros motivos, del emperador de Constantinopla hacia el rey sajón y de los omeyas de Córdoba hacia los califas de Bagdad y, sobre todo, de Ifriqiya. Podría pensarse que los omeyas estaban sólo interesados en la política mediterránea, pero lo cierto es que, como se verá más adelante, se hallaban muy al corriente de lo que ocurría en el área germano-itálica y sus demostradas buenas relaciones con el Imperio romano de Oriente, a pesar de ser un Estado cristiano, venían justificadas por la hostilidad existente entre éste y sus enemigos jurados, aunque musulmanes, abasíes y fatimíes. Córdoba estaba bien informada de la pugna por reivindicar el imperio universal entre los bizantinos, que se consideraban legítimos sucesores de los romanos y los únicos con derecho a detentar el imperium, y el rey de Sajonia, a quien tenían por advenedizo. Y éste suponía, además, un potencial peligro para los 1 'Abd Al-Rahman Ali Hajji (1970).