Nutricion Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

SUMMARY
Hospitalized patients have many needs to improve their health, one of the main ones is to
maintain a proper diet that ensures that they meet all the nutrient requirements, as most
of the pathologies they carry hospitalization tend to produce a state of malnutrition due
to multiple mechanisms. Malnutrition and low weight in hospitalized patients increase
days of disability and increase the chance of short-term complications, this situation
increases mortality in these types of hospitalized patients, certainly to higher days of
major hospitalization is the economic resource that health institutions have. The study
was carried out at the Salvador Paredes Hospital located in Trujillo, Colon, Honduras. This
hospital has the four basic specialties internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery and
gynecology. It is important to manage statistical data on the nutritional status of
hospitalized patients in order to make appropriate decisions to reduce complications and
therefore on hospital stay days.
The objective is to obtain statistical data that allow us to nutritionally characterize the
hospital population. As for the methodology, the population admitted to the Salvador
Paredes Hospital during the period of August and September 2019. Is excluded from the
study, patients who cannot be mobilized to be weighed due to their status are excluded
from the study health care and patients in a state of gestation.
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The present study analyzed weight, size, body mass index, nutritional risk, hematocrit,
cause of admission and chronic underbase pathologies. A total of 24 cases, 54% of males,
compared to 46% of women were analysed in the results. The group consisted of 21% of
preschoolers, 13% of schoolchildren, 33% of adults and 33% of older adults. Body mass
index was found 25% within the normal parameter, 29% underweight and 46%
overweight. Nutritional risk was found, according to MST and Strong Kids (in the case of
children) in 62.5% of patients. 59% of patients had a hematocrit below the normal
parameter. The highest source of admission was 37% of the influx, followed by
complications with diabetes (21%) and for surgical reasons (21%), the rest (17%) it was for
non-infectious respiratory pathologies. It was also observed that 87.5% of older adults
admitted to hospital have at least one chronic pathology. It can be concluded that 1) The
number of patients admitted is similar in both sexes. 2) The patients evaluated were in the
different age groups that make up human development. 3) According to body mass index
75% of patients hospitalized at the institution need nutritional evaluation and follow-up.
4) Most hospitalized patients (62.5%) are at a nutritional risk, based on MST results; which
requires individual nutritional assessment and follow-up. 5) Most patients admitted
probably have an iron deficiency in their diets, as 59% had a low hematocrit. 6) The first
and second cause of admission to the Hospital were infections and diabetes, both
pathologies require adequate nutritional care being related to each other. Appropriate
nutritional follow-up in these patients is again relevant. 7) Chronic pathologies were not
found in preschool and school schools. 8) The group of elderly adults admitted, are those
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who for the most part have at least one chronic pathology, which must be evaluated
nutritionally. 9) The most common chronic pathologies in the evaluated patients were
diabetes and high blood pressure.
The recommendations derived from the statistical result are: a) Perform a routine MST to
every patient admitted to the hospital, this due to the high frequency of patients
presenting a nutritional risk. B) Perform a full evaluation of all patients who have a
nutritional risk according to MST. C) Perform frequent education activities for patients
with diabetes and high blood pressure. D) Patients who are discharged with an out-ofnormal body mass index should be referred for follow-up to the nutrition consultation.