Nutritional Epidemiology Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Scientific Reports

Modifying behavior towards healthier lifestyles could prevent a significant number of malignant tumors. We evaluated the prevalence of healthy habits against cancer in spanish women free of this disease, taking as a reference the recommendations for cancer prevention included in the european Code Against Cancer (eCAC), and we explored the characteristics associated with it. our population comprised 3,584 women recruited in a population-based cross-sectional study carried out in 7 breast cancer screening programs. Information was directly surveyed and used to calculate a score based on eCAC recommendations referred to bodyweight, physical activity, diet, breastfeeding, tobacco, alcohol and hormone replacement therapy use. the degree of adherence was estimated with a score that evaluated null (0 points), partial (0.5 points) and full adherence (1 point) of each specific recommendation. Associations were explored using binary and ordinal logistic regression models. the median score was 5.7 out of 9 points. Recommendations with lower adherence were those related to intake of red/processed meat and foods high in salt (23% of total adherence), physical activity (24%) and body weight (29%), and recommendations with greater adherence where those related to hormone replacement therapy use (91%), vegetable intake (84%), alcohol (83%) and tobacco (61%). Overall adherence was better among older women, parous women, and in those living in rural areas, and worse among women with higher caloric intake. these recommendations should be evaluated periodically. screening programs can be an appropriate place to disseminate this information. Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. It was responsible for 9.6 million deaths in 2018 accounting for one of every 6 deaths 1 . In Spain it was the second cause of mortality in women, accounting for 20% in 2015 2 . In comparison with other European countries, the incidence of cancer in Spanish women (227.1 cases per 100,000) is below the European mean (253.3 per 100,000). However, it is the second country with the lowest mortality due to this cause, with 65.9 deaths per 100,000 in 2018 3 . Despite the stabilization of breast cancer incidence, there has been an increase in colorectal and tobacco-related cancers, and geographic differences in incidence rates have been described 4 . Malignant tumors also imply a substantial economic burden across European Union 5 . It has been estimated that the health-care cost of cancer in Spain was 4114 million euros in 2009, equivalent to €102 per citizen. It accounted for 4% of total Spanish health-care expenditure, and the 0.86% of gross domestic product. Breast cancer had the greatest overall economic burden 5 . Cancer is a complex illness resulting from the interaction between genes and environmental factors such as tobacco , obesity/overweight 9-12 , unhealthy diets , physical inactivity , alcohol intake 8,10,12,16 , certain

2025, Medicina-lithuania

Background and Objectives: the purpose of this study was to evaluate students' level of knowledge and attitude towards oral hygiene. Materials and Methods: the evaluation was carried out by a questionnaire, with 30 Q (questions) as follows: demographic data (Q1-Q5), oral hygiene knowledge data (Q6-Q23) and oral hygiene attitude data (Q24-Q30). The study included students from Romanian schools and the selection of the study group was made following selection criteria in accordance with ethical issues. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and a value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: the study included a number of 718 subjects with a mean age of 14.54 (±2.22), male 250 (34.8%) and female 468 (65.2%), MS (middle school students) 354 (49.4%) and HH (high school students) 364 (50.6%). Most of the subjects 292 (MS = 160; HS = 132) know a toothbrushing technique, p = 0.009, r = 0.091 and 587 (MS = 278; HS = 309) know that brushing removes the bacterial plaque p = 0.027, r = -0.082 but only 147 (MS = 71; HS = 76) know that (by) brushing can re-mineralize hard dental structures. The duration of the toothbrushing is variable, for 2-or 3-min p = 0.058, r = 0.043. Criteria for choosing the toothbrush were based mainly on the indications of the dentist, respectively, for toothpaste on its properties. The frequency of toothbrushing is mainly twice a day 428

2025, Medicina

Background and Objectives: the purpose of this study was to evaluate students’ level of knowledge and attitude towards oral hygiene. Materials and Methods: the evaluation was carried out by a questionnaire, with 30 Q (questions) as follows: demographic data (Q1–Q5), oral hygiene knowledge data (Q6–Q23) and oral hygiene attitude data (Q24–Q30). The study included students from Romanian schools and the selection of the study group was made following selection criteria in accordance with ethical issues. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and a value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: the study included a number of 718 subjects with a mean age of 14.54 (±2.22), male 250 (34.8%) and female 468 (65.2%), MS (middle school students) 354 (49.4%) and HH (high school students) 364 (50.6%). Most of the subjects 292 (MS = 160; HS = 132) know a toothbrushing technique, p = 0.009, r = 0.091 and 587 (MS = 278; HS = 309) know that brushing removes the bacter...

2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between food insecurity and nutritional status of Brazilian children. Methods: The National Demographic and Health Survey 2006 database is available on the worldwide web. Thus, the analyzed variables were obtained in this study, including nutritional indices, food insecurity and other socioeconomic and demographic variables. The height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height indices were evaluated as the Z-score of the World Health Organization reference curves. Food insecurity was defined by using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Averages of three indices according to the presence of food insecurity were analyzed, including other variables. Linear regression evaluated the effect of food insecurity on the Z-score of the three nutritional indices. Results: The sample included 4,817 children, out of whom 7% had deficit in height, 7% were overweight and 47% had food insecurity. It was found that the average ...

2025, BMC Public Health

BackgroundIodine is a trace element required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The multiple effects of iodine deficiency on human health are called iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). IDDs have been common nutritional problems in Ethiopia. In 2012, Ethiopia launched a national salt iodization program to address IDDs. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of this program after 5 years by measuring urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and prevalence of goiter in school age children as well as household salt iodine concentration (SIC).MethodsA school-based cross-sectional design was employed. After ethical approval, 408 children from eight randomly selected primary schools provided urine samples. UIC was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS). A 10 g salt sample was collected from each household of a sampled child. SIC was analyzed with a digital electronic iodine checker (WYD, UNICEF) and goiter was assessed by palpation.ResultsThe me...

2025, Journal of Nutritional Science

Despite global efforts made to address anaemia, the prevalence remains high in most Sub-Saharan African countries. In Ethiopia, anaemia poses a very strong public health concern. The purpose of the present study was to examine the key risk factors related to anaemia among children aged 6–24 months (younger age group) and 25–59 months (older age group). We used the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data, collected from 11 023 mothers with under five children. Ordered logistic regression modelling was used for assessing risk factors of childhood anaemia. The results suggest that the prevalence of anaemia was 72 % in the younger and 49 % in the older age groups. The risk factors for anaemia in the younger age group were morbidity (odds ratio (OR) 1⋅77; CI 1⋅21, 2⋅60), having no piped water source (OR 1⋅76; CI 1⋅07, 3⋅01) and no toilet facility (OR 1⋅60; CI 1⋅07, 2⋅38). The key risk factors for anaemia in the older age group were no micronutrient intake (OR 1⋅69; CI 1⋅23, 2⋅3...

2025

Background: Current evidence is mixed regarding associations between
dairy consumption and cardiometabolic outcomes, and limited synthesis
has been conducted specifically regarding the type of dairy fat (e.g. fullfat, low-fat, no fat). Given the importance of nutrition for long-term health,
we conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to better understand
associations between cardiometabolic outcomes and dairy consumption by
type of dairy fat.
Methods: Literature searches were conducted in February 2025 to
identify published randomized controlled trials, as well as cohort and
case-control studies that included individuals older than 2 years of age
and without dairy sensitivities. Studies of dairy (including milk, cheese,
or yogurt) that specified the type of dairy fat and reported outcomes
including cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD),
stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), hypertension, cholesterol, metabolic
syndrome, and body mass index (BMI) were included.
Results: The SLR identified 137 studies specifying the fat type of dairy
for inclusion; the majority were prospective cohorts (n=89, 65%) and
conducted outside of the United States (US) (n=92, 67%). Adults were
examined in 120 (88%) studies. Overall, the studies with significant
associations were not consistent in direction of effect by type of dairy fat
(no, low, or full-fat), specific dairy product (all dairy, milk, cheese, or
yogurt), or specific outcome. For both CVD and CHD, higher quantities
of low-fat dairy (but not high-fat or non-fat) trended in the direction of a
protective effect, but risk estimates were heterogeneous across studies and
often imprecise.
Conclusions: The results of this SLR indicate the potential for dairy
exposure, and specifically the type of dairy fat, to impact cardiovascular
health across global populations. However, interpretation is difficult given
the heterogeneity in populations, outcome measures, dairy assessments,
and study design and analysis across studies.

2025, Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research

The proximate analysis of Adenopus breviflorus benth seeds showed that the whole seed flour, dehulled full-fat seed flour and protein concentrate had crude protein contents of 28.6, 30.2 and 76.5% while fat contents were 47.7, 54.2 and 1-4%, respectively. The ash content ranged from 3.49% in samples with hull to 2.06% for the protein concentrate. The results also showed that potassium and calcium are evenly distributed in the seed while sodium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus and manganese are more concentrated in the cotyledon. The water absorption capacity of the flours varied from 112-5% for sample without hull to 201.5% for the protein concentrate while the oil absorption capacity varied from 125.9% to 206-7% depending on the sample under consideration. The least gelation concentrations and emulsion capacity were relatively good. The foaming capacity was low but relatively stable. Protein solubility studies showed that the protein of the protein concentrate was soluble at both acidic and basic pH.

2025

Bu araştırmada, lise öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite yeterlik düzeylerinin ve vücut kütle indekslerinin (VKİ) bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Bitlis İl merkezinde özel yetenek sınavı ve merkezi yerleştirme puanı ile öğrenci alan devlet okullarında öğrenim gören lise öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Bu öğrencilerden ulaşılabilen ve gönüllü olarak çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 83 kadın, 180 erkek toplam 263 öğrenci örneklemde yer almıştır. Araştırmada, veri toplamak amacıyla; Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Fiziksel Aktivite Yeterliği Ölçeği (FAYÖ) kullanılmıştır. Veri çözümlemeleri için SPSS 22.0 ile anlam düzeyi p<0.05, güven aralığı %95 kabul edilerek karşılaştırma ve ilişkilere bakılmıştır. Cinsiyet ve VKİ'ye yapılan göre yapılan karşılaştırmalarda FAYÖ ve alt boyutlarında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark görülmüştür. Erkek öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite yeterlik düzeyi kadın öğrencilerden daha fazladır (p<0,05). Kilolu ve şişman öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi normal ve zayıf öğrencilere göre daha azdır (p<0,05). Öğrencilerin okuldan sonra harcadıkları zaman ile VKİ pozitif, Fiziksel aktivite yeterliği (FAY) negatif ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05) yani VKİ değerleri artmış, fiziksel aktivite yeterliği azalmıştır. Lise öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivitenin uygun değerde olması VKİ'nin ve vücut ağırlığının normal düzeyde tutulması ve genel sağlığın korunması açısından gereklidir. Çalışmanın sınırlılıklarından dolayı yeni çalışmaların yapılması önerilmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: fiziksel egzersiz, obezite, sağlık Fiziksel aktivite (FA) genel olarak, iskelet kasları vasıtasıyla bazal seviyenin üzerinde enerji harcaması gerektiren veya enerji harcamasını

2025, Advances in Nutrition

To date, observational studies in nutrition have categorized foods into groups such as dairy, cereals, fruits, and vegetables. However, the strength of the association between food groups and chronic diseases is far from convincing. In most international expert surveys, risks are most commonly scored as probable, limited, or insufficient rather than convincing. In this position paper, we hypothesize that current food classifications based on botanical or animal origins can be improved to yield solid recommendations. We propose using a food classification that employs food processes to rank foods in epidemiological studies. Indeed, food health potential results from both nutrient density and food structure (i.e., the matrix effect), both of which can potentially be positively or negatively modified by processing. For example, cereal-based foods may be more or less refined, fractionated, and recombined with added salt, sugars, and fats, yielding a panoply of products with very different nutritional values. The same is true for other food groups. Finally, we propose that from a nutritional perspective, food processing will be an important issue to consider in the coming years, particularly in terms of strengthening the links between food and health and for proposing improved nutritional recommendations or actions.

2025

Determina la asociación entre las conductas obesogénicas y el estado nutricional de niños de 6 a 9 años de edad, asistentes al Centro de Salud “Juan Pérez Carranza”, Lima, 2019. El estudio es de diseño transversal, descriptivo, correlacional. Muestra conformada por 279 niños y niñas. El nivel de conductas obesogénicas y sus dimensiones se evaluó con un cuestionario aplicado mediante la entrevista; la antropometría fue la técnica para valorar el estado nutricional y el IMC/edad se determinó utilizando el programa WHO AntroPlus. Los resultados se presentaron según la estadística descriptiva; el análisis se efectuó con la prueba de independencia Chi2 y el Coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. El 33,3% de los niños presentó conductas obesogénicas altas; la mayoría de niños presentó un nivel moderado (63,8%) en la dimensión alimentación y en la dimensión actividad física, la mayoría tuvo un nivel alto (50,9%). El 26,5% de los niños tenían sobrepeso y el 29,8% obesidad. La dimensión ali...

2025, Social Science Research Network

The societies with high fertility rate exposed very less rate of son preference over daughter. But the fertility decline has a linkage of greater demand for son than daughter. In Manipur, a high proportion i.e. 31.2% of married women want more sons than daughters according to NFHS-3 which is declining from that of 36.5% in NFHS-2 and 43.4% in NFHS-1, so that, the factors associated with desire of more sons have caused high fertility indices in the state. The objective of this study is to investigate the socio-demographic determinants of fertility differential and the third birth transition. This is a cross sectional, community based study of 1296 women and was conducted through a cluster sampling scheme in four valley districts of Manipur -Bishnupur, Imphal East, Imphal West and Thoubal. The multiple and logistic regression models are adopted in addition to the classical statistical tests. Results show that, the age at marriage, education, income, desire number of son, duration of marriage, infant mortality etc. have significant contribution on the variation of fertility indices. One of the most important determinants of the fertility indices is son preference which is quantified by desire number of son in one way or others. The son preference is most important factor among other sociodemographic determinants of fertility differentials in Manipur. The findings may be useful in community maternal health management.

2025

Mothers have been encouraged to practice exclusive breastfeed for the first six months of child's life. Breastfeeding education improves knowledge and intention to practice exclusive breastfeeding among pregnant women. The study assessed the effect of breastfeeding education on the knowledge and intention to practice exclusive breastfeeding among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The study was conducted among 200 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in the two Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Ile-Ife. It was a quasi-experimental study conducted in three phases: pre-intervention/baseline, intervention and postintervention phases. Baseline data were collected from both intervention and control groups using pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. The intervention group received breastfeeding education while the control group did not. After 12 weeks from the start of the intervention, post-intervention data were collected from both the intervention and control groups using the same questionnaire at baseline. Data collected were analyzed with the use of IBM Statistical Package for Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25 software. Descriptive analysis was done for all variables. The outcome variables were compared at pre and post-intervention using chi-square and McNemar's chisquare (binomial distribution) as test of association. The level of significance was set at p value less than 0.05. In the intervention group, knowledge of EBF increased from 29.8% to 95.2% at post-intervention respectively, and this was statistically significant at p < 0.001. Similarly, the intention to practice EBF improved from 75.0% to 94.0% at post-intervention. This difference was statistically significant at p = 0.045. In the control group, knowledge of EBF increased from 30.4% to 57.6% at post-intervention, however, this difference was not statistically significant i.e. p > 0.05. There was no increase in the intention to practice EBF. The study concluded that breastfeeding education significantly improved knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding but not the intention to practice exclusive breastfeeding.

2025, Disturbios Da Comunicacao Issn 2176 2724

O presente estudo busca investigar a associação entre a transição alimentar e o aleitamento com a presença de risco ao desenvolvimento infantil. A amostra foi constituída de 62 díades mãe-bebê. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da análise da interação mãe-bebê feita com base no Protocolo de Indicadores de Risco ao Desenvolvimento Infantil (IRDIs) e de uma entrevista que investigou aspectos relativos ao aleitamento e à transição alimentar. Os dados foram organizados em categorias em relação à transição alimentar e ao aleitamento, presença ou ausência de risco ao desenvolvimento infantil, além de variáveis temporais, e analisadas estatisticamente no software STATISTICA 9.0. Os resultados apontaram que a difi culdade de transição alimentar e difi culdade de aleitamento correlacionam-se de modo signifi cativo à presença de risco ao desenvolvimento infantil na fase de coleta dos IRDIs de 12 a 18 meses. Também está associada às variáveis idade da transição alimentar, idade da inserção de alimentação sólida, tempo de aleitamento materno e tempo de aleitamento artifi cial. Deste modo, a pesquisa demonstra que a difi culdade no aleitamento e na transição alimentar se associam a alterações nas interações iniciais

2025, Revista de Nutrição

Objective To investigate the contribution of ultra-processed food to the nutritional dietary profile of school feeding in public child day-care centers. Methods Cross-sectional study carried out from June-November/2013. Samples from six daily meals were collected in twenty non-consecutive days. A total of 117 school meals (123 food items) were offered to children from 12-36 months of age. The served portions were determined by direct weighting. Physicochemical analyses were performed to establish the nutritional composition. School meals were classified according to the processing degree: (A) unprocessed/minimally processed/culinary preparations, (B) processed food, or (C) ultra-processed food. The contribution of each group to the quantity of energy, macronutrients and sodium was calculated. Student’s t test was applied for comparison between groups. Results Ultra-processed meals contributed to 45.8% of energy, 33.9% of lipids, 42.8% of proteins, 48.9% of carbohydrates, and 20.9% o...

2025, Mankind Quarterly

The present study examined the correlation between nutritional status and body composition in rural preschool children aged three to five years in Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. A total of 276 children, including 132 boys and 144 girls, were included in the study. Nutritional status, particularly undernutrition, is assessed using the standard cutoff values recommended by the World Health Organisation (<-2 SD). The present study found that stunted, underweight, thinness, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)-based undernourished children had a lower mean value in all body composition parameters compared to adequately nourished children. Height and weight both showed a higher positive correlation with fat-free mass than with fat mass. MUAC showed a higher positive correlation with arm fat area (r = .786; p < .001) than with arm muscle area. BMI showed a higher positive correlation with fat-free mass index (r = .980; p < .001) than with fat mass index. The study found a significant increase in height, weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass with age. Boys had higher body size, fat mass, and fat-free mass, while girls had a higher body fat proportion. The study concludes that gender differences in body composition don't start with the hormonal changes of puberty but begin much earlier.

2025, Frontiers in Nutrition

BackgroundUltra-processed foods (UPF) consumption may affect the risk of PCAD through affecting cardio metabolic risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the association between UPFs consumption and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD).MethodsA case–control study was conducted on 2,354 Iranian adults (≥ 19 years). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and foods were classified based on the NOVA system, which groups all foods according to the nature, extent and purposes of the industrial processes they undergo. PCAD was defined as having an stenosis of at least single coronary artery equal and above 75% or left main coronary of equal or more than 50% in women less than 70 and men less than 60 years, determined by angiography. The odds of PCAD across the tertiles of UPFs consumption were assessed by binary logistic regression.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the top tertile of UPFs were twice a...

2025, MORAR 60 MAIS: Revolucionando a moradia em face da longevidade

2025

Objective: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with excess weight among high school students. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 741 adolescents from private schools in Rio Branco, Acre, Northern Brazil. The weight and height were prospectively measured in order to calculate the body mass index. Overweight was defined according to World Health Organization references in 2007. The following variables were collected: gender, age, socioeconomic status, parental education, number of household members and siblings, physical activity, time watching TV and computer time. Factors associated with excess weight were identified by multiple Poisson regression using the backward elimination procedure for variable selection. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 29.5%. Males showed righer prevalence (33.2%) compared with females (26.4%). As for age, the prevalence was higher at 14 years (40%) in both genders. In the multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and gender, more than two hours in the computer per day and a sedentary lifestyle were associated with excess weight. Conclusions: Excess weight is a serious public health problem in high school students from private institutions of an urban area of the Amazonia Region. The promotion of physical activity and the reduction of time in the computer should be considered as strategies to improve the health of adolescents.

2025, The Nigeria Health Journal

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity is a risk factor for the onset of chronic non-communicable diseases like type II diabetes and hypertension. Between May and August 2019, researchers conducted this study in Obio/Akpor to compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity among pupils attending public and private elementary schools. Method: The research was a comparative descriptive study. In Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 1040 pupils aged 6-12 years from public and private elementary schools were assessed. The pupils' height and weight were measured in order to determine their body mass index. Chi-square test was used for test statistics. To gather pertinent information, a semi-structured questionnaire was utilized. The significance criterion for each statistical test was set at P 0.05. Result: A total of 205 (19%) pupils in public and private schools out of the 1035 pupils who later completed study were found to be overweight or obese. Pupils in private schools made up the majority of cases, with 82 (15.9%) and 49 (9.5%) of them being overweight and obese, respectively, as opposed to 41 (7.9%) and 33 (6.4%) of pupils in public schools. The difference in overweight and obesity among the private and public school was statistically significant (𝑥 ! = 19.901, P=0.001). Conclusion: Higher socioeconomic class was significantly associated with the higher prevalence (P<0.001).

2025

Created by Engr. Brendon L. Dungca for easy SPSS interpretation of Thesis Data Analysis

2025

Agradeço a Educação Pública Brasileira por proporcionar minha formação escolar e acadêmica, neste momento no nível Strictu Senso. Neste sentido, agradeço a cada cidadão, ao Estado brasileiro e aos militantes que lutaram ao longo da história de construção de nosso país pela garantia da Educação Pública. Agradeço à Casa do Estudante do Pará, que apesar de não passar o período do Mestrado nela, mas esta fez parte de minha trajetória. Agradeço o carinho, companheirismo, amizade e atenção da Profª. Drª. Elizabeth Teixeira, ou simplesmente e carinhosamente Beth ou 'ET'. Agradeço ao Prof. Dr. Hilton Pereira da Silva, meu orientador, pela confiança e pelo aprendizado que me proporcionou neste trilhar investigativo. Assim como o agradeço pela inspiração que me dava gana em debruçar-me neste trabalho apoiando-me no seu altruísmo e intelectualidade militante voltada aos povos da Amazônia. Agradeço a equipe do Projeto "Corpo Presente: representações entre Quilombolas e políticas públicas" (Lígia, Mayco, Inara, Joana, Assis, Stella, Ilka, Jacqueline, Profª. Drª. Jane Beltrãocoordenara do projeto -e nos últimos tempos Roseanebolsista PIBIC e a todos da equipe), ao Laboratório de Antropologia Arthur Napoleão Figueredo (LAANF-UFPA) e a equipe do Laboratório de Biologia e Genética Humana (LBGM-UFPA) -Tarcísio, Vilson, Goreth e Ailton que contribuíram na coleta dos dados desta pesquisa e foram parceiros de campo profícuos e inesquecíveis. Agradeço à minha família: mãe Eliete, pai Raimundo, irmãos Elenice e Wanderson, sobrinhos Estheffany, Enzo e Letícia que mesmo estando em Salinópolis foram sempre apoio fraterno e emocional nesta caminhada. Agradeço a Jorge Preto, Kita, Bel e Profº. Raimundo que fizeram parte de um momento crucial de minha peleja para ingressar na vida acadêmica. Agradeço ao CNPq e à Faculdade de Enfermagem da UFPA, ou melhor, ao Serviço Público Federal, por serem minhas fontes financeiras de apoio em boa parte do período do Mestrado. Agradeço aos meus vizinhos da Vila Gomes Barbosa (Kátia, Ivã, Swati Patel, Narcísio, Ariane, Deth, Ítalo, Darlison, Rai e ao Marcelo) que visualizaram meu itinerário de tarefas acadêmico-profissionais deste período. Aos amigos que desde a graduação compartilhavam deste momento nos projetando ao futuro com os agora também professores enfermeiros mestres Thiago e Nádile meus afilhados de casamento, além de Tati e Cia, amigos eternos. Agradeço à Ana Monteiro, secretária do Mestrado, pelo apoio e a todos os professores do Programa Saúde, Sociedade e Endemias na Amazônia pelo enriquecimento e reflexão que proporcionaram. Agradeço, então, a todas e todos que em algum momento participaram dos passos do trajeto desta formação. E por fim, agradeço a cada quilombola que participou da pesquisa, por seu carinho e pela acolhida nas comunidades... Finalmente digo: "estamos juntos"... "Dos quilombolas herdamos a certeza de que podemos dirigir os nossos próprios destinos e decidir qual a melhor maneira de viver e morrer. Assim, em um contexto mais amplo, podemos e devemos exigir uma política de saúde que contemple as nossas especificidades étnicas e que seja dirigida não só aos aspectos curativos, mas principalmente aos aspectos preventivos" (p. 26). (CRUZ, I. C. F. Escravismo, racismo e exclusão são fatores de risco da hipertensão arterial em negros? In: Boletim de Informações de Saúde; 31: 23-26. 2003.) BORGES, William Dias. Prevalência da hipertensão arterial e seus determinantes bioantropológicos em populações quilombolas da Amazônia. -Belém: UFPA, 2011. Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde, Sociedade e Endemias na Amazônia). Universidade Federal do Pará. RESUMO O presente estudo investiga a prevalência da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) em populações rurais, afrodescendentes/Quilombolas, da Amazônia brasileira. Os dados foram coletados em indivíduos de 18 ou mais anos de idade, pertencentes a três comunidades Quilombolas da Amazônia paraense: África/ Laranjituba (Abaetetuba), Santo Antônio (Concórdia do Pará) e Mangueiras (Salvaterra, Ilha do Marajó). Para a classificação nos diferentes níveis pressóricos adotou-se os valores de referência do Ministério da Saúde. Foram analisados 142 mulheres e 122 homens, 81,55% estão na faixa etária de 18 a 59 anos, 15,47% de 60 a 79 anos e 2,98% com 80 anos ou mais. Entre homens e mulheres a prevalência de HAS é 22,11% e 30,72%, respectivamente. Mais mulheres que homens têm HAS estágio II e há correlação entre idade e HAS na população. Observa-se que a prevalência da HAS entre estes Quilombolas é mais que o dobro da encontrada na população Brasileira em geral, mas fica aquém de Quilombos como os do vale do Ribeira. Em relação à situação nutricional 34,96% da população apresenta excesso de peso (23,43% pré-obesidade e 11,43% obesidade) sendo a maior prevalência entre mulheres (20,90%), do que entre homens (1,97%). Em Santo Antônio não foram encontrados homens obesos e as mulheres perfizeram apenas 3,80% com obesidade e 19,30% com sobrepeso. Já em Mangueiras a obesidade foi maior entre os homens das três comunidades (13%) e entre as mulheres a prevalência de 28,90%, assemelhou-se à de África/ Laranjituba (30,0% ). 34,63% das mulheres apresentam obesidade central e os homens apenas 5,1%. Fatores biológicos, como o excesso de peso, e sócio-ecológicos, como sentimento de discriminação racial, baixa renda, ocidentalização dos hábitos alimentares, uso de álcool (50,85%), tabagismo (24,78%), e falta de acesso a serviços básicos e informação sobre saúde, todas estas situações presentes entre estes Quilombolas, têm sido relacionados à elevadas prevalências de HAS em populações rurais e afrodescendentes, reforçando a necessidade de uma abordagem holística para a compreensão da ontogenia da HAS entre essas populações vulneráveis da Amazônia, visando ao planejamento de políticas públicas adequadas a sua realidade socioambiental.

2025

Gostaria de agradecer ao meu orientador, professor Salomão Antônio Mufarrej Hage, por todos os momentos de aprendizagem nestes mais de quatro anos de convívio. Antes de entrar no doutorado, eu já fazia parte de seu grupo de pesquisa, o Geperuaz, onde pude aprender sobre os sujeitos do campo da Amazônia e com esses sujeitos, numa troca de experiências única, proporcionadas pelo convívio com seu grupo de estudo e pesquisa. Em segundo lugar, mas não menos importante, gostaria de agradecer ao professor Ricardo Pereira, que se tornou um grande amigo e ampliou, com muita propriedade, minhas perspectivas sobre a temática teórica da educação, ajudando com o meu projeto e na organização de meus estudos para a prova do doutorado. À querida professora Georgina Kalife, a quem eu admiro muito por sua luta enquanto professora, pelas pessoas do campo da Amazônia e por uma educação que realmente seja transformadora. Nosso convívio me trouxe aprendizagens importantes e possibilitou-me conhecer a professora Rosemeri Scalabrin. Com ela e outros professores que seguem a metodologia de Paulo Freire nas Ciências Físicas e Biológicas, pude ver a importância daquele educador para a minha área de atuação. Nunca poderei agradecer o suficiente a essas pessoas por tanto aprendizado. A todos os colegas do Geperuaz, com os quais pude aprender e ter momentos de muitas alegrias, compartilhando das conquistas de cada um e em grupo. Aos meus colegas de turma do doutorado de 2013, gostaria de dizer que cada um fez parte dessa caminhada e fará para sempre. Ao Andresson, com sua capacidade de absorver rapidamente os conhecimentos passados por nossos mestres e compartilhar conosco; à Soninha, minha querida amiga, com quem aprendi muito com sua forma alegre de ver a vida; à querida Tati, que nos mostrou uma garra invejável e em quem pude me espelhar e pensar que meus problemas eram nada diante do que ela enfrentou. Ao Nonato, companheiro de tema, muitas informações trocamos sobre nossas teses, sendo um intelectual que admiro muito. À querida Arlete, que nos inspira com sua dedicação e capacidade de fazer as coisas o mais rápido possível, nossa primeira colega a defender o doutorado, só nos enche de orgulho e gratidão. À querida Conci, companheira de lutas no Geperuaz, uma professora que possui uma visão única da EJA e da educação física em nosso Estado do Pará, grato por sua amizade e companheirismo. Às nossas queridas mestras, Profa.

2025

Background: Training of machine learning algorithms on dish images collected in other countries requires possible sources of systematic discrepancies, including country-specific food composition databases (FCDBs), to be tackled. The US Nutrition5k project provides for ~5000 dish images and related dish-and ingredient-level information on mass, energy, and macronutrients from the US FCDB. The aim of this study is to (1) identify challenges/solutions in linking the nutritional composition of Italian foods with food images from Nutrition5k and (2) assess potential differences in nutrient content estimated across the Italian and US FCDBs and their determinants. Methods: After food matching, expert data curation, and handling of missing values, dish-level ingredients from Nutrition5k were integrated with the Italian-FCDB-specific nutritional composition (86 components); dish-specific nutrient content was calculated by summing the corresponding ingredient-specific nutritional values. Measures of agreement/difference were calculated between Italian-and US-FCDB-specific content of energy and macronutrients. Potential determinants of identified differences were investigated with multiple robust regression models. Results: Dishes showed a median mass of 145 g and included three ingredients in median. Energy, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates showed moderate-to-strong agreement between Italian-and US-FCDB-specific content; carbohydrates showed the worst performance, with the Italian FCDB providing smaller median values (median raw difference between the Italian and US FCDBs:-2.10 g). Regression models on dishes suggested a role for mass, number of ingredients, and presence of recreated recipes, alone or jointly with differential use of raw/cooked ingredients across the two FCDBs. Conclusions: In the era of machine learning approaches for food image recognition, manual data curation in the alignment of FCDBs is worth the effort.

2025, Journal of Nutritional Science

2025, Revista de la Sociedad Boliviana de Pediatría

Investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao co-leito e ao despertar noturno entre as crianças da coorte de Pelotas de 2004, aos 12 meses de idade. Métodos: Todas as crianças nascidas em 2004 em Pelotas (RS) foramincluídasemumestudo longitudinal.Ao nascer e aos 12 meses de idade, as mães foram entrevistadas sobre características sociodemográficas e reprodutivas e sobre o sono e o ambiente em que a criança dorme. Coleito foi definido como o compartilhamento habitual da camacomoutra pessoa. As análises multivariáveis foram realizadas por regressão de Poisson. Resultados: Aprevalência de co-leito aos 12mesesfoi de 45,8% (IC95% 44,2-47,3).Oco-leito foi maior entre as mães de baixo nível socioeconômico, menos escolarizadas, mais jovens, com maior paridade e entre crianças que acordam à noite. A prevalência de despertar noturno foi de 46,1% (IC95% 44,6-47,7). O despertar noturno foi mais freqüente entre os meninos e entre filhos de mães commaior paridade, e menos freqüente entre mães que trabalharam fora durante a gravidez. Conclusão: O co-leito e o despertar noturno são freqüentes na população estudada, indicando a necessidade de acompanhamento para observar a persistência destes hábitos ao longo da infância e investigar suas conseqüências sobre o comportamento e o desenvolvimento infantis.

2025, Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background. Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with hypercytokinemia. As adjunctive corticosteroid therapy and vitamin D have immunomodulatory properties, we investigated the relationship between cytokine/chemokine profiles, corticosteroid use, and vitamin D deficiency in TB-IRIS patients. Methods. Plasma from 39 TB-IRIS and 42 non-IRIS patients was collected during a prospective study of HIV-associated tuberculosis patients starting ART. In total, 26% of patients received corticosteroid (CTC) therapy pre-ART for severe tuberculosis. Concentrations of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 14 cytokines/chemokines were determined at ART initiation and 2 weeks later. Results. Patients prescribed concurrent CTC had lower interferon γ (IFN-γ), IP-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40, and IL-18 pre-ART (P ≤ .02). TB-IRIS presented at 12 days (median) of ART, irrespective of CTC use. In patients who developed TB-IRIS (not on CTC) IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p40, IL-18, IP-10, and TNF increased during 2 weeks (P ≤ .04) of ART. Vitamin D deficiency (total 25(OH)D <75 nmol/L) was highly prevalent (89%) at baseline. Although vitamin D deficiency at either baseline or 2 weeks was not associated with TB-IRIS, in those not on CTC the median 25(OH)D decreased during 2 weeks (P = .004) of ART. Severe vitamin D deficiency (total 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L) was associated with higher baseline TNF, IL-6, and IL-8 irrespective of IRIS status. Conclusions. CTC modifies the inflammatory profile of those who develop TB-IRIS. The association between severe vitamin D deficiency and elevated proinflammatory cytokines support a study of vitamin D supplementation in HIV-TB co-infected patients starting ART. Africa accounts for 82% of the global human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) associated tuberculosis burden . Combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout has grown steadily, with 54% of HIV-infected tuberculosis patients started on ART in South Africa . When HIV-1-infected persons start ART, the resulting rise in CD4 count and improved immune function partially restore pathogen specific immunity . However, 8%-43% of patients will experience paradoxical

2025, NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF JANITORIAL STAFF OF UNIVERSITIES OF LAHORE

A descriptive study focused on assessing the nutritional status of janitorial staff belonging to low socio-economic class was carried out in universities of Lahore. The universities included were Kinnaird College for women Lahore, Punjab University and Government College University Lahore. A questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection which comprised of three sections that were anthropometric measurements, clinical signs and symptoms and daily dietary intake. The anthropometric measurements were recorded along with the clinical signs and symptoms that indicated the vitamin, mineral, and macronutrient deficiencies within the respective population. The results of the study concluded that data collected from Kinnaird College showed that 53.01% individuals were overweight, 30.01% were normal weight and 16.8% were underweight. Whereas in Government College University 52% were overweight, 18.2% were normal weight and 30% were underweight. In Punjab University 49.1% were overweight, 18.1%were normal weight and 33.3% were underweight clinical assessment was analyzed by counting the signs and symptoms of vitamin and mineral deficiencies. According to the data obtained and analyzed no respondent had severe protein deficiency only 1% was suffering from moderate protein deficiency. Mild deficiencies of vitamin B9 and B12 were most prevalent among the respondents of educational institutes. In Government College University and Punjab University5.70% of the respondents had moderate vitamin A deficiency. Whereas on average of all the three universities only 3% of the respondents had severe vitamin D deficiency. Quantitative data obtained was compared with standard growth charts that categorize the population in different weight categories. The dietary intakes of the respondents were compared with the food servings recommended by the food guide pyramid. Thus, there is the need of creating awareness among the lower class working in educational institutions and providing them with resources and means to fulfill their daily dietary intake to lead a healthy life.

2025, Journal of Proteome Research

Little is known about the metabolome fingerprint of pulse consumption. The study of robust and accurate biomarkers for pulse dietary assessment has great value for nutritional epidemiology regarding health benefits and their mechanisms. To characterize the fingerprinting of dietary pulses (chickpeas, lentils and beans), spot urine samples from a subcohort from the PREDIMED study were stratified, using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Non-pulse consumers (≤ 4 g/day of pulse intake) and habitual pulse consumers (≥ 25 g/day of pulse intake) were analysed using a 1 H-NMR metabolomics approach combined with multi-and univariate data analysis. Pulse consumption showed differences through 16 metabolites coming from (i) choline metabolism, (ii) protein-related compounds, and (iii) energy metabolism (including lower urinary glucose). Stepwise logistic regression analysis was applied to design a combined model of pulse exposure, which resulted in glutamine, dimethylamine and 3-methylhistidine. This model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC > 90% in both training and validation sets). The application of NMR-based metabolomics to pulse exposure highlighted new candidates for biomarkers of pulse consumption, the role of choline metabolism and the impact on energy metabolism, generating new hypotheses on energy modulation. Further intervention studies will confirm these findings.

2025, Journal of Proteome Research

2025, … & Ambiente em …

O leite materno é de fundamental importância para a saúde das crianças nos seis primeiros meses de vida. É um alimento completo, que fornece inclusive água, como fatores de proteção contra infecções comuns da infância, isento de contaminação e perfeitamente adaptado ao metabolismo da criança, após esse período é necessária a introdução de novos alimentos, os chamados de alimentos complementares, pois é quando o leite materno já não supre as necessidades nutricionais do lactente. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão atualizada sobre o aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de vida e ressaltar a importância do nutricionista na orientação da lactente quanto à alimentação complementar, entendendo as características do leite materno e esclarecendo sobre a alimentação complementar. Para a elaboração da pesquisa foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica utilizando publicações acerca do tema, oriundos de: artigos científicos, livros técnicos e publicações de organismos nacionais de 2000 a 2009. Mostrou-se inevitável à promoção e incentivo de técnicas adequadas de amamentação e alimentação saudável, cabendo aos profissionais de saúde, principalmente o nutricionista que é responsável de promover uma alimentação saudável esta tarefa, expondo a melhor maneira de fazê-las.

2025, Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research

Study on the evaluation of the nutritional quality of poorly utilized plant products is of immense importance. This research work, therefore, evaluates the amino acid profile and mineral content of Balanites aegyptiaca kernel using standard analytical methods. The amino acid profile analysis revealed the presence of essential and the non-essential amino acids of which Total sulphur and Total aromatic amino acids content were 2.86 g/100 g protein and 7.21 g/100 g protein respectively. Analysis of the mineral content showed the presence of the following minerals in the order; Magnesium ˃ Sodium ˃ Calcium ˃ Potassium ˃ Iron ˃ Zinc ˃ Manganese ˃ Lead ˃ Copper ˃ Nickel ˃ Chromium ˃ Cadmium. The kernel could, therefore, be used as a good source of protein and minerals in supplementing other sources in order to reduce food insecurity and hence malnutrition from lack of protein diets.

2025, The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology

Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA1c. We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classification of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having diabetes in a pooled analysis of data from population-based health examination surveys in different regions. We used data from 96 population-based health examination surveys that had measured at least two of the biomarkers used for defining diabetes. Diabetes was defined using HbA1c (HbA1c ≥6·5% or history of diabetes diagnosis or using insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs) compared with either FPG only or FPG-or-2hOGTT definitions (FPG ≥7·0 mmol/L or 2hOGTT ≥11·1 mmol/L or history of diabetes or using insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs). We calculated diabetes prevalence, taking into account complex survey d...

2025, Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences

The rapidly increasing concentration of Copper (Cu) metal in agricultural soils around the world is alarming for food security and sustainable production of crops. Cu being a naturally hydrophilic metal is easily taken up by crops through roots and translocated to upper parts. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most consumed cereal crops around the world. The incidence of Cu toxicity in rice is well-known for hindering crop biomass and overall productivity. Therefore, it is important to study Cu stress in rice and identify Cu-tolerant cultivars. For that purpose, two rice cultivars (JP-5 and Super Basmati) were grown in paddy conditions under 100 mg/kg Cu stress in a completely randomized design. Both cultivars were then examined for agronomic production, antioxidant defense, nutritional composition, and germination indices. It was reported that JP-5 accumulated a lesser concentration of copper in roots (0.08 mg/kg), and grains (0.05 mg/kg) as compared to SB (0.20 mg/kg in roots and 0.05 mg/kg) under Cu stress. SB showed better response to agronomic parameters whereas JP-5 showed better germination rate and stress tolerance index. under Cu stress, JP-5 also showed higher SOD, POD, GPX, and APX in both root and leaf tissues compared to SB. The sugar and starch content of SB was more affected by Cu stress. Overall, JP-5 proved to be more tolerant against Cu stress with a higher stress tolerance index and lesser accumulation of Cu. These findings are thus very useful for further studies related to enhanced growth and yield of widely cultivated rice cultivars under heavy metal stress.

2025, Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil

OBJETIVOS: investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados à ocorrência de anemia em mulheres indígenas Suruí com idade entre 15 e 49 anos. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal realizado a partir de levantamento censitário em 2005 na terra indígena Sete de Setembro, localizada em Rondônia, Brasil. A dosagem de hemoglobina (Hb) foi realizada pelo aparelho β-hemoglobinômetro portátil. Pontos de corte de anemia: Hb <12,0 g/dL nas não gestantes; Hb <11,0 g/dL nas gestantes. Dados demográficos e de status socioeconômico (SSE) foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de questionário padronizado. A primeira etapa da análise estatística incluiu os testes: qui-quadrado; qui-quadrado de tendência linear; t de Student; linearidade e análise de variância. Na segunda etapa, o modelo logístico final foi ajustado. RESULTADOS: a prevalência global de anemia nas não gestantes foi de 67,3% e nas gestantes de 81,8%. A análise multivariada demonstrou que as mulheres com um ou dois filhos anêmicos com idade en...

2025, Cadernos Esp

O estado nutricional dos idosos é fator determinante na qualidade de vida e morbimortalidade dessas pessoas. Conhecer o estado nutricional dos idosos acima de 65 anos em um Programa de Saúde da Família no Ceará, foi nosso objetivo. Pesquisa de campo, quantitativa e descritiva, utilizandose Mini Avaliação Nuticional (MAN) para avaliar risco nutricional (17,0 < MAN £23,5) e desnutrição (MAN < 17,0), além do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) para avaliar idosos com sobrepeso (25,0 < IMC < 29,99) e obesidade (IMC > 30,0). Avaliou-se 257 idosos do total de 272, residentes na área da unidade de saúde, sendo 130 homens (50,6%) e 127 mulheres (49,4%). O formulário MAN aplicado pelo autor, em visitas domiciliares ou em consultas na unidade de saúde. Identificou-se 82 idosos (31,9%) em risco nutricional e 4 idosos (1,6%) desnutridos. Em risco nutricional 36 homens (14,0%) e 46 mulheres (17,9%), desnutridos 2 homens (0,8%) e duas mulheres (0,8%). Idosos com sobrepeso 83 (32,3%), sendo 40 homens (30,8%) e 43 mulheres (33,8%). Obesidade em 26 (10,1%), sendo 3 homens (2,3%) e 23 mulheres (18,2%). A prevalência de alterações do estado nutricional tanto risco nutricional como sobrepeso e obesidade foi maior nas mulheres do que nos homens. Concluiu-se que identificar causas sócio-econômicas, fisiológicas, próprias do processo de envelhecimento, e relacionadas às doenças nos idosos em risco nutricional, bem como identificar doenças relacionadas diretamente com alterações de sobrepeso e obesidade e propor medidas para eliminá-las e controlálas é objetivo maior deste PSF.

2024, Cadernos De Saude Publica

2024, Actas españolas de …

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo ofrecer una revisión actualizada de los estudios publicados a nivel internacional sobre trastornos de la personalidad en víctimas de abuso sexual en la infancia. Se clasificaron los distintos trabajos en... more

2024, Frontiers in Nutrition

2024, IJARW

The nutritional status of children worldwide is reported to be at risk, as children suffer from malnutrition. This study examined the relationship between adolescents' nutritional status and demographic profile among Grade 10 students at Quezon Bukidnon Comprehensive National High School. Using a descriptive correlational design, the results revealed that most students maintain a healthy BMI, suggesting that most have adequate nutritional support. However, a significant proportion are underweight, indicating a potential prevalence of nutritional deficiencies that warrant attention. The data revealed alarming levels of food insecurity among adolescent households. Lastly, a significant relationship exists between adolescents' nutritional status and demographic The study suggests a multifaceted approach to improving adolescents' nutritional health through targeted interventions, enhanced parental engagement, socioeconomic support, and community partnerships.

2024, Estudio de Mercado PIP Salud

Este documento no representa un PIP ni contiene datos reales. Se trata de un material de estudio a ser utilizados por estudiantes de la Facultad de Economía de la Universidad Nacional. Se ha elaborado con información ficticia con fines estrictamente académicos. Cualquier error de interpretación y/o de contenido es de estricta responsabilidad del autor, existiendo el compromiso de seguirlo mejorando. Las fuentes bibliográficas y metodológicas que se han utilizado se señalan al final del documento.

2024, Frontiers in Nutrition

2024

portuguesIntroducao: A obesidade e o sobrepeso sao definidos como acumulo anormal de gordura corporal. O sobrepeso na idade infantil pode trazer serias implicacoes para a saude, desde maior probabilidade de obesidade na vida adulta,incapacidade e ate mortes prematuras. Objetivo: verificar a ocorrencia de sobrepeso e obesidade infantil entre criancas em idade escolar. Sujeitos e Metodos: Estudo de carater transversal, analitico e quantitativo, com coleta de dados realizada em abril e maio de 2016 em duas escolas da rede privada de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. A amostra foi composta por 246 criancas matriculadas do primeiro ao sexto ano do ensino fundamental com idade de 6 a 12 anos. Foram coletadas variaveis antropometricas considerando-se o peso e a altura e, a partir desses, foi calculado o Indice de Massa Corporal, sendo utilizada a classificacao do Escore Z. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente, comparando-se a classificacao do Escore Z por genero e idade. Resul...

2024, Public Health Research

In spite of having a pretty good progress in maternal and child health, low birth weight is still a serious public health issue for Bangladesh. The prime concern of this study was to crosscheck the eventual influence of antenatal care on poor birth size, a substitution of low birth weight and to explore the divisional variation along with its individual role on poor birth size. A nationally representative data, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2011 was used for this purpose. Sample size for this study was 7324 children from the different parts of the country born within last five years preceding the survey and all of them were the last child. Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine the influence of ANC on poor birth size as well as other relevant variables such as mother’s level of education, house hold income, division, age of mother at birth, birth order, sex of child, place of residence, media exposure etc. A total of 17.5% children had poor birth size ...

2024, Food and nutrition bulletin

Population exposed to chronic undernutrition in early life seems to be more susceptible to obesity in adulthood due to the development of mechanisms that improve the efficiency of energy use. Therefore, these individuals have relatively reduced energy requirements (thrifty phenotype). To investigate, among women living on severe socioeconomic vulnerability, whether short stature, a marker for undernutrition in early life, is associated with excess body weight but not with a high energy intake. This cross-sectional study, carried out between July and November 2008, evaluated 1308 women from all (N = 39) Quilombola communities of Alagoas. Adequacy of energy intake was estimated by the ratio between energetic ingestion and the estimated energy requirement (EER). The prevalence of short stature (≤ 154.8 cm) was 43.0% and 52.4% had excess body weight (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2)), being that 33.1% were overweight and 19.3% obese. Excess body weight was higher among women with short stat...

2024, SOUTH ASIAN ANTHROPOLOGIST

Body composition is mainly the presence of fat mass and fat free mass
in the human body according to the two-compartment model. This method is widely used because of the major cardiovascular and metabolic health issues related to fat distribution. Body composition assessments are regularly used to diagnose the nutritional health status of
an individual. Studies found various number of differences between the methods that are used to assess the body composition. The principal objective of the study is to found the difference between the estimation of body composition variables using body impedance analysis (BIA) and anthropometry. A total 201 adult male students aged between 18-28 years
were studied. The data collected were height, weight, waist circumference (WC), bicep skinfold, triceps skinfold, suprailliac skinfold, subscapular skinfold. An OMRON full body sensor body composition monitor and scale – HBF-510 was used to assess the percentage body fat (PBF) of the study participants. Significant mean difference found in fat mass (FM), fat free
mass (FFM) and PBF using anthropometry and BIA. Also, correlation of different variables to diagnose obesity using BIA and anthropometry between the methods was found in this study. The prevalence of obesity exhibits a higher rate using BMI than BIA measured FM. It is important to decide which method to use for more accuracy and feasibility in a population based study.

2024

16.00 Le malattie dei bambini nei dipinti votivi italiani G. CERASOLI, Cesena 16.10 Gli incidenti dei bambini nei dipinti votivi italiani G. CERASOLI, Cesena 16.20 I pueri proiecti: mito e iconografia nella storia M. F. VARDEU, Cagliari 16.30 Salute sessuale degli adolescenti: cenni di storia M. F. VARDEU, Cagliari 16.40 Storia del trattamento del dolpediatrico