Philosophy of Sports Research Papers (original) (raw)

2025

Futbol basta olmak uzere, sportif aktivitelerin 20. yuzyil boyunca gittikce artan bir oranda ticarilesmesi ve siyasilesmesi, sporcularda, "her ne pahasina olursa olsun kazanma" dusuncesini hakim kilmistir. Profesyonellerde normal karsilanan bu durum artik amator sporun da kabul alanina girmistir. Son yillardaki yetiskin sporculara yonelik yogun bilinclendirme kampanyalarinin ise, "Fair Play" anlayisini yerlestirmekte yetersiz kaldigi bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle, calismalarin baslangic noktasini ilk ve orta ogretim ogrencilerinin olusturmasi gerektigi dusuncesi agirlik kazanmistir. Ancak, bu cabalarin basarili olmasi, okul beden egitiminde Fair Play’in nasil kazandirilacaginin bilinmesine ve bu yeterlilige sahip beden egitimi ogretmeninin varligina baglidir. Bununla birlikte, Turkiye’de halen yururlukte olan; ilkogretim Okullari, Lise ve Dengi Okullar Beden Egitimi Dersi Ogretim Programlari’nda, beden egitimi dersinde Fair Play’e iliskin davranislarin hangi ogrenme ...

2025, Doping, Therapie aus philosophischer Sicht.In: …

2025, Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results

The aim of this research is to determine whether the in-club communications of elite athletes in different sports can predict their sportsmanship behaviors. The study group of the research consists of 145 athletes (51.7% male, 48.3% female) randomly selected in athlete training centers and TOHM centers. The club media communication levels of the athletes were measured with the 3D (trainer-athlete, athlete-athlete and manager-athlete) Club Environment Communication Questionnaire. Sportsmanship Behaviors, on the other hand, were measured with the Multidimensional Sportsmanship Orientation Scale, which had 4 dimensions (compliance with social norms, respect for rules and management, commitment to responsibilities in sports and respect for the opponent). While analyzing the data, multiple linear regression analysis technique was used. In the results of the research, it is seen that there are positive (linear) relations between the Scores of the Club Environment Communication and Sportsmanship Orientation Subscales. In addition, it was seen that the communication between the coach and the athlete significantly predicted the dimensions of compliance with social norms and respect for the opponent, and the communication between the athlete and the athlete significantly predicted the sub-dimension of commitment to responsibilities. The result of the study reveals that as the scores obtained from each of the sub-dimensions of club environment communication increase, the scores obtained from each of the subdimensions of sportsmanship orientation increase reciprocally.

2025, SPORT AND RELIGION

Dear colleagues, With great pleasure, we announce the launch of our book SPORT AND RELIGION, a project born out of the desire to strengthen philosophical thinking about sport, particularly a region of thought that is little explored.... more

2025

Jälleen kerran on alettu puhua urheilun ihmiskäsityksestä ja urheilusuorituksesta performanssina. 1 Näkökulma on Suomessakin vanha, täyttää kohta neljäkymmentä vuotta. Kirjoitin itse teemasta ensimmäisen kerran vuonna 1989 Liikuttaja-lehdessä julkaistussa artikkelissani Urheilun teatteri. 2 Ylipäätään liikunnan ja urheilun filosofinen tarkastelu syntyi Suomessa 1980-luvun lopulla ja eli renessanssinsa 1990-luvulla. Perustimme Liikunnan Filosofian Tutkimusyksikön (TALFIT) 1987 kahden kollegani Juha Varton ja Tapio Kosken kanssa. 1990-luvulla TALFIT:n piiristä ja liikunnan filosofian teemoista syntyi neljä väitöskirjaa. Niiden teemat ulottuivat tanssin filosofiasta urheiluvalmennuksen ihmiskäsitykseen. Edelleen Tampereen yliopiston filosofiassa jatkuu silloin synnytetty liikunnan filosofian juonne. 3 Ajatus urheilijasta taiteilijana on siis vanha. Omassa em. artikkelissani käsittelin urheilutapahtumaa näytelmänä, jonka pääosan esittäjä urheilija on. Nostin siinä esiin pelin ja leikin teemoja, mutta erityisesti, miten urheilunäytelmää voidaan verrata antiikin draamaan, joka herättää katsojissa voimakkaita tunteita. Urheilunäytelmässä voi tapahtua odottamaton käänne, yllättävä epäonnistuminen, josta sankari nousee kuitenkin voittoon. Katsojat voivat kokea voimakkaan elämyksen, katharsiksen, kun he elävät urheiluhahmojen kohtaloa. Usein jännitys purkautuu riemuna, helpotuksena tai pettymyksen kyyneleinä. Urheilun ja teatterin välillä on kuitenkin yksi tärkeä ero. Näyttelijä eläytyy epätodellisiin tapahtumiin, urheilijalle näytelmä on tosi. Urheilussa vamma on oikea vamma, tappion karvaus on oikeaa karvautta.

2025, EL VALOR DEL AGON DEPORTE, DERECHO Y EDUCACIÓN EN LA GRECIA ANTIGUA

Podríamos decir que el vínculo entre ética y agon (lucha,
contienda) atlética en la antigua Grecia es más antiguo que el
propio deporte. Lo que quiero decir es que la educación moral
puede estar relacionada con el auge de los cultos a los héroes,
que celebraban los agones heroicos que se traducían en athla
(hazañas, logros), no en victorias atléticas.2 En el caso de Heracles, el héroe helénico prototípico, estos athla se denominan
“trabajos”, una traducción que subraya acertadamente su dificultad, su beneficio para la comunidad y (con menos claridad)
el hecho de que a menudo respondían a una orden injusta. Después de que Augeas despojara a Heracles de su pago por limpiar los establos (una tarea ordenada injustamente por el rey
Euristeo), el héroe se “venga” fundando los Juegos Olímpicos,3
dedicando efectivamente el espacio corrompido a la celebración
de la virtud. Los héroes no nacen, los hace su athla – en este
sentido son atletas prototípicos. Pero los atletas que compiten
en agones (competiciones) deportivas no son héroes.4 Más bien,
emulan el athla de héroes como Heracles como una forma de
educación moral. El vínculo duradero de Heracles con el agōn
atlético no se basa en su destreza física, sino en su arete moral
(virtud, excelencia).

2025, EL VALOR DEL AGON DEPORTE, DERECHO Y EDUCACIÓN EN LA GRECIA ANTIGUA

2024, Byzantion Nea Hellás

En este trabajo se analizan diversas evidencias textuales, y algunas epigráficas, con el propósito de clarificar el lugar y significado del pugilato (sphairomachía) dentro de la organización política de los lacedemonios y, en particular, de su educación cívica. Con base en estas evidencias, se evalúa en conjunto las dos interpretaciones rivales que han dominado el debate en torno a esta cuestión en la literatura secundaria. Finalmente, se lleva a cabo una reflexión de carácter ‘filosófico’ en la que la noción de ‘virtud’ es considerada en relación con el cuerpo y la buena condición física (euexía), siguiendo las afirmaciones de Aristóteles en la Ética Nicomaquea.

2024

In the digital age, online gaming has become an integral part of millions of lives. Whether it's an intense battle in a multiplayer first-person shooter or a strategic move in an online card game, players seek one thing above all: fair competition. fairplay in gaming is the backbone of any healthy online community, as it ensures that every participant has an equal opportunity to succeed. But what exactly

2024

BIOGRAFI PARA FILSUF DAN ILMUAN BESERTA PENEMUANNYA

2024, Schonungslos. Grundlegung einer Philosophie des Sports

The present volume examines how the individual becomes
and embodies that which he or she is through sport. The
interdisciplinary contributions address the benefits of
competitive sports for the modern subject.
In doing so, the lessons learned in sports can be understood as cultural capacities of a strenuous self-conduct and way of life. From stoic
steadfastness to a phenomenology of competitive sports, and
culminating in selected moments of existential philosophy,
the volume presented provides – for the first time – a philosophical foundation of sport that draws directly on practical experience itself.

2024, DergiPark (Istanbul University)

The main purpose of this study is to determine the must have qualifications of sports executives who take part in the management of several sports activities and services. This study provides comparisons between views of Sports Management students, faculty members, presidents of sports federations and secretaries general, and directors of private sports organizations on these must have qualifications. In the light of these views this study proposes new suggestions. This study includes views of 230 faculty members of Sports Academies, 400 students in Sports Management major, 94 presidents of sports federations and secretaries general, and 40 directors of private sports organizations in Ankara, Turkey. In order to conduct this study, first related literature was researched, and thus a theoretical base for the study was founded. Then in order to determine the appropriateness of qualifications to be placed in the questionnaire, a pre-study was done. The questionnaire was found to be α = .9609. The final version of the questionnaire was applied on all subjects. When analyzing data, initially frequencies and percentages of all participants' agree proportions on the qualifications provided in each section were calculated.Furthermore, One Way ANOVA Technique was used. As a result of Variance Analysis, in order to determine which participant group(s) was responsible for the variations in groups' views, Tukey Technique was used. To conclude, different participant groups which consist of university students, faculty members, presidents and secretaries general of sports federations and directors of sports clubs were found to have quite different views on the must have qualifications of sports executives.

2024, Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy

Sporty Girls: Gender, Health and Achievement in a Postfeminist Era, is one of nine titles comprising an ongoing Palgrave Macmillan series under the umbrella concept of New Femininities in Digital, Physical and Sporting Cultures (NFDPSC). The series-co-edited by four scholars in sociology, health, sport, and public policy-is international in scope (UK, New Zealand, and Australia) and ranges over topics that philosophers may find compelling even if they are not interested in either amateur or professional sports activity and competition. Many of the authors, like Clark, are concerned with the way that girls grow into adulthood with complex identities formed through adolescence by choices that affect their health, physical ability, sexuality, and school achievement. Worldwide, these girls may be encouraged to move their bodies, compete in contests, and excel on the field and off, but not all strategies succeed. Indeed, not all girls are empowered by sports participation and in fact, some rebel and withdraw. It is enlightening to place Clark's analysis of girls in London within the wider scope of topics in the series to assess her project of qualitative research that contributes to gender insights on the expectations and pressures placed on girls, their bodies, and imposed measurements of success. The first volume in the series, New Sporting Femininities: Embodied Politics in Postfeminist Times (2018), was edited by three of the four series editors: Kim Toffoletti, Jessica Francombe-Webb, and Holly Thorpe (the fourth editor is Aarti Ratna). It tracks the emergence of innovative ways of looking at the female body (recall 1970s discussions of "the male gaze") and how it is experienced-both physically and within the parameters of political realities and attending postfeminist discourse-what is called "sporting femininities." Two volumes published in 2020 explore fitness, the moving body, and sport sociology (Feminist New Materialisms, Sport and Fitness: A Lively Entanglement) as well as global politics with a focus on ancestral knowledge as a form of resistance to settler colonialism (Indigenous Feminist Gikendaasowin (Knowledge): Decolonization through Physical Activity). Two 2021 publications (in addition to Clark's) tackle Sportswomen's Apparel Around the World: Uniformly Discussed (2021) and Sportswomen's Apparel in the United States: Uniformly Discussed (2021). How to dress may initially seem an unlikely topic within the scope of new femininities until one realizes that women's uniforms and clothing choices are often dictated by the rules of competition that can clash with local laws.

2024, DergiPark (Istanbul University)

2024, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi

2024, AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ETHICAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF BODYBUILDING: A PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS FROM SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY STUDIES (STS)

ABSTRACT: since the 20th century bodybuilding has been an object of study that interests and challenges researchers in the sociology of sport (see Conquet, 2014; Tajrobehkar, 2016; Wellman, 2020) and, recently, in the philosophy of sport (see Aranyosi, 2017; Madej, 2021; Worthen, 2016). However, many of its problems are little known in the orthodox philosophical literature. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to contribute from STS studies to the posing and discussion of the central ethical and social problems of bodybuilding by contributing to the philosophy of sport or the philosophy of body techniques. Therefore, I will plant the following problems in relation to bodybuilding: gender and sexism; racism, ableism and eugenics; and lastly, fatphobia. Finally, I propose that many of these problems are generated from the indiscriminate use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) within this sport subculture. In this sense, a precautionary framework (epistemic values, moral values, hormonal benefit principle and sports precautionary principle) is proposed from STS studies with the aim of regulating their use, avoiding adverse effects in individuals who are not professional bodybuilders.

2024

Projeto I&D Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia do Alentejo, Laboratório de Investigação em Desporto e Saúde (LIDS) Operação Laboratório de Investigação em Desporto e Saúdeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

2024

Resumen: Scott Kretchmar es una figura fundamental de la filosofía del deporte. Su influencia comenzó con su primer artículo revisado por pares en 1972, y sus contribuciones siguen siendo significativas tras su jubilación. En 1989, se convirtió en uno de los primeros filósofos del deporte en ingresar a la National Academy of Kinesiology de los Estados Unidos, alcanzando la cúspide profesional con el Premio Clark W. Hetherington en 2021. Este artículo traza su trayectoria académica y profesional, y repasa sus principales contribuciones académicas, categorizándolas en cuatro núcleos básicos de preocupaciones de investigación interrelacionadas: (a) la metafísica del jugar, los juegos, el deporte y la competición; (b) el papel de la educación física; (c) la ética del deporte; y (d) la creación de significado y los aspectos espirituales del deporte. Sin ser exhaustivo, este artículo destaca la labor de Kretchmar en establecer y expandir la filosofía del deporte, subrayando su impacto perdurable.

2024

Scott Kretchmar is a foundational figure in the philosophy of sport. His influential work began with his first peer-reviewed article in 1972, and his scholarly contributions remain significant, even in retirement. In 1989, he became one of the first philosophers of sport inducted into the National Academy of Kinesiology of the United States, and his career reached a pinnacle with the Clark W. Hetherington Award in 2021. In this article, we first trace his academic and professional trajectory. Then, we overview his main scholarly contributions, categorizing them into four core sets of interrelated research preoccupations: (a) the metaphysics of play, games, sport, and competition; (b) the role of physical education; (c) the ethics of sport; and (d) the meaning-making and spiritual aspects of sport. Though not exhaustive, our analysis highlights Kretchmar's pivotal role in establishing and expanding the philosophy of sport, underscoring his enduring impact.

2024, Ciencia Hoy

Artículo de divulgación en el que se debate si los deportes electrónicos (e-sports) pueden ser incluidos dentro de la categoría de actividades deportivas. Esta discusión supone en el fondo una reflexión acerca de la propia naturaleza de... more

2024, UNA ÉTICA DEL DEPORTE APLICADA A LOS STAKEHOLDERS:DESDE UN CONTEXTO DE POSVERDAD

In this article, we propose an ethic applied to stakeholders, groups of affected, in sport. The growing scandals in the world of sports, which not only affect professional athletes, but also businessmen, coaches, referees and others involved in the sports infrastructure, make this ethical proposal necessary. All this is increased by a postruthcontext where it is difficult to differentiate between truth and lies, helped by the media that introduce into the postruthfield the massive nature of lies and the ease with which they can be disseminated on social networks

2024, Those who understand without the mind - Fershteiners

No-mind is a type of intelligence used by people who understand others without emotions and fantasies-Fershteiners. Versteiners (from the German word Verstein-to understand) use non-thinking (thoughtless) intelligence in their mental... more

2024

Introductory article to the 4th International Conference ETHICS, BIOETHICS AND SPORT

2024, transcript Verlag eBooks

Das Dopingproblem gehört seit längerem nicht mehr ausschließlich in den thematisch engen Kontext des Sports. Doping ist ein grundlegendes gesellschaftliches Problem. Es ist daher kein Wunder, dass sich einige Aspekte des Problems mit zentralen Fragen der Philosophie überschneiden. Gewöhnlich wird Doping unter dem Etikett des sauberen Sports oder der Prävention verhandelt. Doping ist eine geächtete Praxis, die von den Sportverbänden bekämpft wird. Sie wünschen nachdrücklich Athleten, die ihre Leistung auf faire Weise und auf natürlichem Wege erbringen. Insofern gehört das Dopingproblem in den Bereich der Sportethik, folglich in einen Unterbereich der allgemeinen Ethik. Die Philosophie betrachtet die Probleme des Sports und insbesondere auch das Dopingproblem von einer distanzierten Warte. Es ist ihr von vornherein klar, dass es sich beim Sport um ein komplexes und umstrittenes Feld von unterschiedlichen und heterogenen Interessen handelt, das einfache Parolen und naive Lösungsvorschläge nicht zulässt. 1 Die Philosophie weist solche simplen Schemata als unbegründete Ideologisierungen zurück, die sich nur aus der Froschperspektive eines absolut gesetzten Bereichs des Sports erklären lassen, einer Perspektive, in der sowohl die Spezifika der Moderne-Institutionalisierung, Komplexitätszunahme, Dynamik der Prozesse, Ambivalenz der Interessen-als auch die tiefgreifende Vernetzung des Sports mit der Gesellschaft häufig außer Acht bleiben. So gibt es populistische, wenig kritische Vorschläge wie etwa die generelle Freigabe von Doping im Sport, aber auch naive Vorstellungen, wie etwa die eines »sauberen« Sports oder einer bedrohten oder gar verlorenen »Glaubwürdigkeit des Hochleistungssports«. Ein kritischer Blick von außen zeigt indes schnell, dass der Sport kein unschuldiges Biotop bildet, das durch sportfremde Interessen bedroht wäre oder beschmutzt werden könnte. Eine systemische Analyse des Sports macht klar, dass wirtschaftliche, pharmazeutische, medizinische und ideologische Interessen im Sport konstitutiv und genetisch mit

2024

Sport Philosophy in Portugal Luísa Ávila da Costa, Constantino Pereira Martins This entry examines the trajectory of philosophical inquiry concerning sport within the Portuguese context. It shows the significance of language in... more

2024, Australasian Journal of Philosophy

This paper explores the notions of competitive and noncompetitive value and examines how they both affect meaning in life. The paper distinguishes, among other things, between engaging with competitive value and participating in a competition; between competitive value and comparative value; between competing with others and competing with oneself; and between subjective and objective aspects of both competitive and noncompetitive value. Since any competitive value is also comparative value, the paper criticizes Harry Frankfurt’s claim that comparative value is just a ‘formal characteristic of the relationship
between two items’, from which nothing follows about their value or desirability.
The paper also argues that, overall, noncompetitive value has the advantage over competitive value in terms of attaining meaning in life. Reasons for this claim include that: competitive value relates less than noncompetitive value to what is meaningful in life; competitive value is harder to attain than noncompetitive value; competitive value depends more than noncompetitive value on luck and on what other people do; and competitive value is more likely to lead to stress, hypocrisy, and aggression.

2024, Journal of the Philosophy of Sport

In this paper, we investigate three different ways of defending the claim that national football associations ought to pay their men's and women's football teams the same amount. First, we consider an argument that appeals to the principle of equal pay for equal work. We argue that this 'labor rights' argument provides a good reason for some national football associations to pay their men's and women's teams the same amount but that these are the exception rather than the rule. Next, we consider an alternative argument, which appeals to the 'expressive power' of paying women's football teams the same as men's. We argue that this argument can be applied more generally than the first argument and gives a good reason for many football associations to pay their men's and women's teams equally. However, this argument struggles to show that associations have a moral obligation to pay their men's and women's teams the same. We finish by considering the 'argument from historical injustice'. We argue that this argument provides plausible grounds for thinking that many associations not only have moral reasons to pay their men's and women's teams equally, but that they also have a moral obligation and a political responsibility to do so.

2024, Daily Philosophy

The writer and philosopher Albert Camus was known for his existentialist essays, novels, and love of football. Every intellectually curious football fan is probably grateful for this. I know I am. In this essay, I argue that Camus’s love... more

2024, DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)

The main purpose of this article is to describe in general and briefly the paradigm alteration occurred in the philosophical debate of mind-body problem. This article is aimed at finding a clarification of certain causes based on the argumentations and solutions offered by philosophers in facing mind-body problem. In this article, the purposed paradigm alteration is not only related to the ontological but also the epistemological and analytical bases of mind-body problem. Such mind-body problem is not only comprehended as a problem that requires a distinct status but also an explicit of both its character and its relation.

2024

2024, Gazi beden eğitimi ve spor bilimleri dergisi

Bu çal›flman›n amac›, beden e¤itimi ö¤retmeni adaylar›n›n, içlerinde sportmenlik ile profesyonellik aras›nda ikilem bar›nd›ran somut örnek olaylar karfl›s›ndaki e¤ilimlerini ve benzer durumlar karfl›s›nda gösterecekleri davran›fl biçimlerini belirlemektir. Araflt›rma gurubunu Ankara'da bulunan üç devlet üniversitesinin Beden E¤itimi ve Spor Ö¤retmenli¤i Programlar›n›n son s›n›flar›nda okuyan 39'u bayan, 61'i erkek toplam 100 beden e¤itimi ö¤retmeni aday› oluflturmaktad›r. Veri toplama arac› olarak araflt›rma gurubuna fair play'e iliflkin somut örnek olaylar›n de¤erlendirilmesinin istendi¤i bir anket uygulanm›flt›r. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde tan›mlay›c› istatistik teknikler ile Chi-Square (x 2) testi kullan›lm›fl, önem düzeyi 0.05 olarak al›nm›flt›r. Bulgular beden e¤itimi ö¤retmeni adaylar›n›n önemli bir bölümünün, "kendi yarar ve yarg›s›na ters düflse bile hakemin do¤ru karar almas›na yard›mc› olma", "rakip tak›m›n maruz kalaca¤› haks›z bir durum için çaba gösterme" ve "rakibin haks›z dezavantajlar›ndan yararlanmaya kalk›flmama" gibi Fair Play'e uygun davran›fllar› 'profesyonelce' bulmad›klar›n›; "hakemi yan›ltarak haks›z dezavantaj sa¤lama" ve "rakibin oynama hakk›n› yan›lt›c› stratejilerle elinden alma" gibi Fair Play'e uygun olmayan davran›fllar› ise 'taktik olarak ak›ll›' bulduklar›n› göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak beden e¤itimi ö¤retmeni adaylar›n›n Fair Play anlay›fllar›n›n 'her ne pahas›na olursa olsun baflar›' anlay›fl›n›n gerisinde kald›¤› söylenebilir. Bu durumun okul sporlar› için ciddi tehdit oluflturabilece¤i göz önüne al›narak, ö¤retmen adaylar›n›n ö¤renimleri esnas›nda Fair Play anlay›fllar›n›n gelifltirilmesine yönelik önlemlerin al›nmas› zorunlu görülmektedir.

2024

18. yuzyildan beri spor terminolojisinin ayrilmaz bir parcasi olan Fair Play kavraminin gunumuzde gecerli prensiplerinin 19. yuzyil Viktoria ingilteresi’nde olustugu bilinmektedir. 20. yuzyil boyunca sporda gorulen amac degisikligi, Fair Play anlayisinin goz ardi edilmesine yol acmistir. Bu nedenle, son yillarda Fair Play’i sporda yeniden hakim kilma cabalari cercevesinde Fair Play’e iliskin kurumlar olusturulmakta ve cesitli etkinlikler gerceklestirilmektedir. Ayni zamanda, spora iliskin referans gruplarinin bilinclendirilmesine yonelik literatur de zenginlestirilmekte, Fair Play kapsamli bilimsel calismalara agirlik verilmekte ve Fair Play’i gelistirme perspektifleri belirlenmeye calisilmaktadir. Sporda erdemsiz davranislarin gittikce arttigi ulkemizde ise, Fair Play hakkindaki literatur yok denecek kadar azdir. Literatur eksikliginden hareketle, bu calismanin amaci, Fair Play kavraminin kapsamini belirlemek; Turkiye’deki Fair Play calismalari hakkinda bilgi vermek ve ozellikle eg...

2024

2024, sporyonetimi.com

Bu çalışmanın amacı, beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin futbolda Fair Play'e ilişkin olumlu ve olumsuz davranışlara yaklaşımlarını belirlemektir. Araştırma grubunu Ankara ili merkez ilçelerinde görev yapan 56'sı bayan 94'ü erkek toplam 150 beden eğitimi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırma gurubuna Fair Play'e ilişkin somut örnek olayların değerlendirilmesinin istendiği bir anket uygulanmıştır. Örnek olaylar futbolda karşılaşılmış ya da karşılaşılması muhtemel üçü Fair Play'e uygun, ikisi Fair Play'e aykırı davranışlardan oluşmaktadır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistik teknikler ile Chi-square testi kullanılmış, önem düzeyi 0.05 olarak alınmıştır. Bulgular, Beden Eğitimi öğretmenlerinin önemli bir bölümünün (%64.7) "kendi yarar ve yargısına ters düşse bile hakemin doğru karar almasına yardımcı olma" davranışını içeren örnek olayı sportmence olmakla birlikte profesyonelce bulmadıklarını ve yaklaşık yarısının benzer olay karşısında aynı şekilde davranmayacaklarını göstermektedir. "Rakip takımın maruz kalacağı haksız bir durumu gidermek için çaba gösterme" ve "rakibin haksız dezavantajlarından yararlanmaya kalkışmama" davranışlarını içeren örnek olayları "sportmence fakat profesyonelce değil" olarak değerlendiren beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin oranı %40'a ulaşırken benzer bir durum karşısında aynı şekilde davranmayacaklarını ifade edenlerin oranı da %30'u aşmaktadır. Araştırma grubunun göz ardı edilemeyecek bir oranı (~%37) "hakemi yanıltarak haksız avantaj sağlama" ve "rakibin oynama hakkını yanıltıcı

2024

Since its beginnings, modern bodybuilding has been accompanied by the background issue of whether it should be considered a sport. The problem, culminating in its provisional acceptance as a sport by the International Olympic Committee, was later retracted. The uncertainty of whether bodybuilding is a sport or not seems to linger. Addressing this issue, Aranyosi (2018) provided an account to determine the status of bodybuilding as a sport that arrives at the negative answer: bodybuilding is not a sport but rather a form of artistic presentation. In this paper, we disagree with Aranyosi. We argue that by the standards he presents in his first argument, bodybuilding should be considered a sport. Further, we argue that his alternative approach on how to evaluate a discipline as more sport- or art-like on a spectrum, is not a valid basis to make such a judgment regarding bodybuilding. Further, even if his spectrum was modified to enable such a judgment, again it would result in bodybuilding being evaluated as a sport. Therefore, we conclude that everyone who accepts Aranyosi´s (or any less restrictive) requirements to decide whether bodybuilding is a sport, has to consider bodybuilding as a sport or refrain from making claims about its status.

2024, Os Melhores Anos - Quando o basquetebol era a segunda modalidade dos portugueses

“Falar-se de Basquetebol em Portugal nos anos 90 e na viragem do milénio é recordar inevitavelmente as tardes em frente à televisão à espera que a dupla João Coutinho e Carlos Barroca nos dessem as boas-vindas ao jogo NBA da semana ou... more

2024, Acta Universitatis Palackianae …

BACKGROUND: Every game and competition contains the suspense caused by the possibilities of winning or losing. Adding to this, most cultures incorporate the concept of a hero and its signifi cance in the life of the citizens. OBJECTIVE: The objective and purpose of this paper is to explain the importance of the concept of hero. This includes a discussion of the "agon motive", that is the principle distinguished by interpersonal rivalry and by the process of the acceptance of challenges. METHODS: Our methodology is a historical, rhetorical, and philosophical perspective outlining the history of the concept of hero. Further argument focuses on important concepts of agon, rivalization, and perfectionism. RESULTS: Our results and fi ndings call attention to the diff erences between army agon and sport agon and their possible transformations. First, we discuss the distinction between reaching for victory by "rivalization" and "perfectionism". Rivalization means antagonizing or encountering another person in order to win in competition. Perfectionism implies who is the best person during the competition. Second, we distinguish the phenomenon of a fair victory from the phenomenon of "victory at any costs". Such adoration of victory over other values like health or respectable competition is not a sign of being a hero. Third, we show how this has resulted in a contemporary image of a one dimensional carnal hero whose main goal is to achieve victory. And, fourth, we discuss how the archetype of a hero has changed from Homer's hero who connects physical force with intellect and compassion, to a person who lives in only a physical dimension in order to achieve victory. CONCLUSIONS: Hence, it is important to evoke the values of losing and to highlight the meaning of loss which can spread the goal of competition into the context of one's life.

2024

O presente estudo busca verificar os impactos folkturísticos e econômicos na ritualística do Bumba Meu Boi do Maranhão, apontando indícios da descaracterização da festa tradicional. Com a pesquisa, mapeamos e analisamos os posts no feed dos perfis @boidamaiobaoficial e @boidemorrosoficial referentes à edição do Bumba Meu Boi de 2023, no Maranhão. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa e tem como técnica a análise de conteúdo temática. Por fim, a partir da análise, compreendemos que a agenda da festa do Boi foi reconfigurada e novos elementos foram inseridos para atender a demanda mercadológica e turística. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bumba Meu Boi; Instagram; Folkturismo; Turismo; Economia. Introdução O folguedo do Bumba Meu Boi no Maranhão é esculpido como uma das maiores festividades culturais do Brasil, sua representatividade artística conta com mais de duzentos grupos catalogados, somente na ilha de São Luís, divide-se entre grupos tradicionais e modernos, identificados pelos sotaques (estilo musical). Ao longo dos anos vem passando por mudanças de comportamento, que impactam no folkturismo e na economia. Esse "polimento" é desencadeado a partir de uma apresentação cultural dentro da sede do governo estadual, em meados da década de 1960. Desde então, mutações são referenciadas, como informa o título da dissertação de Abreu (2021), como forma de atender as características de uma cultura erudita e, mais recentemente, estratégia mercadológica de atração turística.

2024, Citius, Altius, Fortius

En el presente artículo abordaremos el caso ocurrido con Novak Djokovic en el Open de Australia 2022. Desde una perspectiva ética veremos si su comportamiento ha sido ejemplar, si se adecua a la función pedagógica del deporte, si se vulnera su libertad individual o la legislación de un país democrático como Australia. Apostaremos por la idea de compromiso trascendental recíproco que todo deportista debe asumir cumpliendo las reglas de un deporte y haciendo que su comportamiento personal y profesional sea éticamente aceptable.

2024

Sports, Religion and Disability emanated from two special issues of the Journal of Religion, Disability and Health. The editors identified three aims for this exploratory and interdisciplinary project which were to: (1) feature scholarship and empirical research on the spiritual and religious aspects of physical and intellectual disability sport and leisure, (2) generate a series of practical recommendations for those working with persons with disabilities in sport contexts, and (3) meaningfully critique what Thomas Reynolds (2008) terms the 'cult of normalcy' that marginalizes the disabled through the ideology of 'perfect' athletic body types and a high value placed on winning at all costs. This trailblazing book represents another worthy chapter in the continuing scholarship of Nick Watson and Andrew Parker in the area of religion and sport. Across the 14 chapters featured in this book, a host of enthralling questions and insights into the relationship between sports, religion, and disability emerge. Written in the backdrop of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games, where both able-bodied and disabled athletes provided a spectacular exhibition of sporting excellence and drama, this book is a refreshing and vital amalgamation of ideas that have emerged in two divergent areas of research: 'disability sport' and the 'theology of disability. ' The content of the book is well-balanced and features a confluence of the chapters therein. The Preface and Introduction written by Joni Eareckson Tada, Founder and CEO of Joni and Friends International Disability Center, and Watson and Parker, respectively, provide the focus of the book. Eareckson Tada's central question (p. x) of whether there is a connection between sports, disability, and religion undoubtedly serve as the anchor for the authors and editors alike as they penned this literary beacon. On the other hand, Watson and Parker provide a historical overview of international games for persons with disabilities which also divulges some of the key social and ecclesial ideologies about disability and sport. They further posit that subsequent to greater interest in the topic of disability by the community of Christian scholars, they began to escalate their research efforts in this understudied area of sports, disability, and religion. In Chapter 1, titled 'Special Olympians as a 'Prophetic Sign' to the Modern Sporting Babel' , Watson, grounding his work in the thought of theologians Jean Vanier, Stanley Hauerwas, Amos Yong, and disability policy advocate Wolf Wolsenberger, aspires to critically examine how sportspersons with one of multiple disabilities, using the Special Olympics Movement as vehicle, are able to confound Reference

2024, Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi

Bu araştırmada; profesyonel basketbolcuların fair playe uygun ve fair playe aykırı davranışlara dayalı ikilem öyküleri içeren senaryolar aracılığıyla fair play yönelimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Basketbol branşının, yakın temaslı yapısı dolayısıyla maç içerisinde adil ve adil olmayan davranışlarla sıkça karşılaşılabilir. Bu anlamda müsabaka anındaki kritik pozisyonlarda alınan kararlar, maçın gidişatını önemli ölçüde etkileyebilir. Araştırma, Türkiye Basketbol Ligi'nde mücadele eden 12 profesyonel basketbol oyuncusu katılımı ile nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan fenomenoloji deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aşamasında, her bir sporcuya bireysel bilgi formu uygulanmıştır. Sporculara, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan ve uzman görüşü alınarak hazırlanan; üçü fair playe uygun davranış ve üçü fair playe aykırı davranış içeren altı senaryo sunulmuştur. Sporculardan senaryoda verilen durumu "gördüklerinde, duyduklarında ve yaşadıklarında" ne hissedeceklerine dair oluşturulmuş yarı yapılandırılmış soruları yanıtlamaları istenmiştir. Veriler, tematik analiz tekniği kullanılarak tümdengelimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tasarım konularına karar verilmesi, temaların belirlenmesi, kod geliştirme ve kodun doğrulanması ile kullanılması aşamaları sırasıyla uygulanmıştır. Sporcuların senaryolar doğrultusunda vermiş oldukları 99 cevabın "fair playe uygun davranış yönelimi" teması altında toplandığı, 117 cevabın ise "fair playe aykırı davranış yönelimi" teması altında toplandığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; fair ve fair playe aykırı davranışları içeren senaryolara verilen yanıtlar, sporcuların, böyle bir durumu gördüklerinde ve duyduklarında fair play anlayışına uygun davranış sergileme, ancak aynı durumu yaşadıklarında ise fair playe uygun olmayan davranış sergileme yöneliminde olduklarını göstermektedir.

2024, Corrida de rua: filosofia, treinamento, desempenho e nutrição

Neste capítulo de livro divide-se em duas partes. Na primeira, de caráter introdutório e geral, apresento exemplos de questões filosóficas que surgem na interação entre a Filosofia e o Esporte, que veio a se caracterizar como a área conhecida como Filosofia do Esporte. Estas interações envolvem, por exemplo, questões relacionadas a ética, epistemologia e a filosofia da mente. Na segunda parte, discuto um caso específico da Filosofia da Corrida que pode oferecer um indício relacionado aos problemas da Filosofia da Mente. A partir da perspectiva de que um certo estado mental alcançado em determinadas práticas esportivas pode servir como um argumento para apoiar um certo tipo de dualista acerca da existência da mente e do corpo, enquanto substâncias distintas.

2024, Fiep Bulletin- Online

Problem Statement: Slovak schools could participate in the educational program created by the International Olympic Committee OVEP (Olympic Values Education Program). It is a program of value education through the values of Olympism, which helps participants develop their positive moral and ethical qualities. The following educational themes, aimed at transmitting a contemporized version of the Olympic principles, are the basis of the OVEP program: joy of effort, fair play, respect for oneself and others, pursuit of excellence, harmonious and balanced life of body, will, and mind Approach: The research sample consisted of 1549 fifth-and sixth-grade students from Slovak elementary schools. The significance of differences in students' knowledge and attitudes by gender and physical activity was evaluated using the Pearson´s chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the level of knowledge about the ethical values of Olympism among elementary school students and their attitudes to Olympic values. Results: Gender differences in knowledge levels suggest that boys have more knowledge about Olympic values than girls. Significant gender differences in students' attitudes towards Olympic values were observed for all values, except for friendship. Comparison between groups according to physical activity levels in the students' knowledge and attitudes showed statistically significant differences in some questionnaire items. Conclusion: The results have shown that gender may be a factor affecting attitudes towards Olympic values. Students achieved a high percentage of correct answers for the knowledge about particular Olympic values, which indicates good levels of knowledge.

2024

Programme and Book Abstract of the "The 21st Annual Conference of the British Philosophy of Sports Association", which will take place March 21-23, 2024 at the Robert Gordon University of Aberdeen

2024, Moebius

Rarely did I make it to daily Mass at home despite the fact that I only had to drive a few minutes in either direction to get to a church. Without the hermitage bell outside my window, without a community who might notice my absence, I found it easier, more convenient, more me, to simply take my cup of tea and the daily missal down to the turtle pond at home or the herb garden on campus. What's the difference' I asked myself. Can't I think spiritual thoughts just as well out in nature? The fact was I had a capricious relationship to organized worship. I wondered if this persistent ambivalence might be connected somehow to that ancient conversation with my mom the night of the Beatles concert in the Coliseum-our discussion about groupthink. Perhaps the conversation had simply confused me that night, and I had never sorted it all out. Perhaps (and here I breathed a sigh of sudden relief) it was all Mom's fault. Certainly, she'd struck a deep chord in me with her talk of "mob hysteria." Even at twelve, I recognized what she was saying and could see what was at stake. It was a matter of the individual versus the crowd. A few years later, I stumbled onto the novels of Ayn Rand. Rand's fierce defense of the isolated human person swept me away. [was too young to grasp the political implications of her position; I only knew, caught as I was in the stormy seas of my own teenaged rebellion, that she was speaking directly to me. According to Ayn (what a fascinating name, I thought, not having the slightest clue about how to pronounce it), one had to fight hard for autonomy. It was life's most noble lifetime endeavor. At fourteen, then, my choice seemed clear-cut. I could go along with the crowd, or I could strike out on my own. If I took up the lance and shield of the genuine individu-MOEBIUS 59

2024, Moebius