Pifa Antenna Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025

Recently, the demand for wireless devices that support multi-band frequency has increased. In fact, employing single-band antennas leads to large space requirement in handheld devices. Therefore, due to the space constraints in mobile... more

Recently, the demand for wireless devices that support multi-band frequency has increased. In fact, employing single-band antennas leads to large space requirement in handheld devices. Therefore, due to the space constraints in mobile devices, an antenna which will cover multiple bands of frequencies will be the best solution in order to allow more space in the mobile devices. The integration of such technology in mobile communication system has led to a great demand in developing small size antenna with multi-band operation that is able to operate in the required system. In this paper, a triple band planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed. The antenna has been measured and found to operate at three operating frequencies of GSM bands (900 MHz and 1800 MHz), and Bluetooth band (2400 MHz). A dual L-shaped slot was used on the patch to obtain the triple-band resonant frequencies. Performance of the antenna has examined and results have shown that the proposed antenna can successfu...

2025, https://adrianobrunoalbertomaini.blogspot.com/

Verso le ore 18 del 20 andante, in regione collinosa nei pressi di Camporosso, un agricoltore del luogo, notava la discesa di un piccolo pallone di gomma colore marrone, attaccato ad un paracadute di tela bianca. Individuato il posto... more

Verso le ore 18 del 20 andante, in regione collinosa nei pressi di Camporosso, un agricoltore del luogo, notava la discesa di un piccolo pallone di gomma colore marrone, attaccato ad un paracadute di tela bianca. Individuato il posto della caduta, rinveniva, impigliato su di una pianta di olivo, il pallone predetto, constatando che a questo era attaccato un piccolo apparecchio costituente parte di radio trasmittente, contenuto in una scatola di celluloide trasparente di circa 17 centimetri di lunghezza, dieci di larghezza e cinque di spessore. La scatola porta impresso su una targhetta di alluminio il numero 37955 e la sigla R.S.7.H. I militi del Distaccamento di Ventimiglia provvedevano per le indagini del caso..." così recita una specifica comunicazione fatta nell'ambito della sua relazione settimanale dal questore di Imperia il 22 maggio 1944 al capo della polizia della Repubblica di Salò. Qualche storico locale insinua oggi che si sia trattato di millantato credito da parte del gerarchetto fascista locale per acquisire meriti agli occhi dei superiori a fronte dei pericoli corsi. Di sicuro all'epoca nel ponente ligure erano ben al di là da venire gli aviolanci destinati ai patrioti, mentre in linea teorica risulta compatibile ogni ipotesi di errore tecnico relativa a qualche missione destinata, invece, al Piemonte. Racconta Sergio Marcenaro, all'epoca giovane (classe 1931) staffetta partigiana della SAP di Vallecrosia e fratello di Pietro Girò Gerolamo, importante protagonista del distaccamento Gruppo Sbarchi Vallecrosia, che nella zona tra Soldano, Perinaldo e Baiardo imperversava nella prima metà del 1944 anche un bandito, forse subito non riconosciuto come tale dai comandi garibaldini; e che in una certa occasione suo fratello si liberò delle pessime intenzioni di quel figuro, nel quale si era imbattuto quando era solo e disarmato, con l'abile stratagemma di simulare con una mano la presenza di una pistola in una tasca dei pantaloni.

2025, TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control

In this paper we present the design of an antenna array for 5G applications. The proposed prototype of the antenna array is design to function at both 24 GHz and 27 GHz frequencies, utilizing Rogers RT5880 with a permittivity equal to 2.2... more

In this paper we present the design of an antenna array for 5G applications. The proposed prototype of the antenna array is design to function at both 24 GHz and 27 GHz frequencies, utilizing Rogers RT5880 with a permittivity equal to 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009. The CST Studio Suite software is employed for simulating the suggested. The primary goals of this research encompass achieving a notable return loss, increased gain, minimized voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), enhanced directivity, and an overall improvement in operational efficiency. The results of the simulation showcase encouraging performance metrics, including a return loss of -68.70 dB, a bandwidth larger 7.369 GHz (ranging from 22.191 GHz to 29.56 GHz), a gain of 10.52 dB. Furthermore, the microstrip patch antennas (MPA) array system showcases an impressive efficiency rating of 95.63%.

2025

The author and the promotor give the authorisation to consult and to copy parts of this work for personal use only. Every other use is subject to the copyright laws, more specifically the source must be extensively specified when using... more

The author and the promotor give the authorisation to consult and to copy parts of this work for personal use only. Every other use is subject to the copyright laws, more specifically the source must be extensively specified when using results from this thesis.

2024

In this paper, various designs for wide-band linear-polarized antennas based on the use of characteristic modes are presented. These antennas make use of a multiple feeding configuration to excite only those current modes presenting a... more

In this paper, various designs for wide-band linear-polarized antennas based on the use of characteristic modes are presented. These antennas make use of a multiple feeding configuration to excite only those current modes presenting a behavior in accordance with the desired antenna specifications. Antennas for single and dual polarization are proposed and excellent results are obtained.

2024

This paper presents the design of a broadband planar inverted-F antenna whose geometry splits the top (radiating plate), short, ground, and capacitive feed plates into two parts. The proposed geometry together with the capacitive-feed... more

This paper presents the design of a broadband planar inverted-F antenna whose geometry splits the top (radiating plate), short, ground, and capacitive feed plates into two parts. The proposed geometry together with the capacitive-feed technique make it possible to achieve both measured-pattern and impedance bandwidths of about 52.44% (1.66 GHz-2.84 GHz) and 8% (3.36 GHz-3.64 GHz) for VSWR ≤ 2.0. These values are larger than the bandwidth obtained using a traditional wire-fed PIFA or other capacitive feeding techniques. A constructed prototype is enough to simultaneously cover various frequency bands, namely DCS 1800, DCS 1900, UMTS, Wi-Fi, 2.4GHz, WiMAX (2.3-2.5 GHz; 3.4-3.5 GHz), and Bluetooth. Radiation patterns are reasonably omni-directional throughout the whole operating bandwidth.

2024

Si parlava di sequestri di persona, a proposito di un processo recente. Eravamo alla fine di una serata intima, in un vecchio palazzo di Rue de Grenelle, e ognuno aveva da raccontare la sua storia, di cui era pronto a garantire... more

Si parlava di sequestri di persona, a proposito di un processo recente. Eravamo alla fine di una serata intima, in un vecchio palazzo di Rue de Grenelle, e ognuno aveva da raccontare la sua storia, di cui era pronto a garantire l'autenticità. Allora il vecchio marchese de la Tour-Samuel, un vecchio di 82 anni, si alzò e andò ad appoggiarsi alla mensola del camino. Poi, con voce un po' tremula, cominciò a raccontare.

2024, TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control

In this paper, we design and simulate a 28/38 GHz dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) patch antenna array that operates in the FR2 frequency band (28 GHz and 38 GHz). This antenna array comprises four similar patch antennas... more

In this paper, we design and simulate a 28/38 GHz dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) patch antenna array that operates in the FR2 frequency band (28 GHz and 38 GHz). This antenna array comprises four similar patch antennas with a rectangular "L minus two slots" shape. In addition, it applies to 5G electronic components such as a smartphone. We used high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software to perform the design and simulation for this antenna. In addition, this proposed antenna array provides better performance, such as; bandwidth around 28 GHz is equal to 0.69 GHz and 38 GHz is equal to 0.86 GHz, equal gains 5. 9 dB at 28 GHz and 9 dB at 38 GHz, directivities are 6.3 dB at 28 GHz and 9.4 dB at 38 GHz, the efficiency of 95.38% at 28 GHz, and efficiency of 96.53% at 38 GHz.

2024, TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)

This paper presents, new compact and multiband frequency reconfigurable planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The antenna is designed and optimized to cover mobile application devices like GPS, WLAN/Wi-Fi, WiMAX, 4G LTE, UWB, and satellite... more

This paper presents, new compact and multiband frequency reconfigurable planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The antenna is designed and optimized to cover mobile application devices like GPS, WLAN/Wi-Fi, WiMAX, 4G LTE, UWB, and satellite applications. The frequency reconfigurability is obtained by using only a single RF switch (PIN diode) for changing the operating frequency. The antenna dimensions are 45.6x39.6x1.6 mm 3 printed on an FR-4 epoxy substrate with relative dielectric constant εr = 4.3, loss tangent tan (δ) = 0.002 and 50 Ω coaxial feed line. The proposed antenna has two patches connected by a single PIN diode. The antenna introduces nine resonant frequencies under (S11 ≤-10 dB) which are: 0.980 GHz,

2024, TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)

IEEE Std 100-2000 defines corona as a luminous discharge due to ionization of the air surrounding a conductor caused by a voltage gradient exceeding a certain critical value. It occurs when the insulating material begins to ionize or... more

IEEE Std 100-2000 defines corona as a luminous discharge due to ionization of the air surrounding a conductor caused by a voltage gradient exceeding a certain critical value. It occurs when the insulating material begins to ionize or conduct due to voltage stress. Corona brings a lot of damages such as corrosion, loss inoverhead transmission lines and electromagnetic interference. Monitoring of corona may reduce the maintenance and replacement cost of electrical equipment. The motivation of this experiment is to calibrate corona detector antennas in the future. The error obtained will determine the efficiency of the antenna to detect and locate potential coronas in electrical equipment in a substation with switchgears or transformers. The operation bandwidth of the antenna is 320MHz to 1.20GHz making it useful to detect and corona. The measurement method of utilizing delay between signals first peak is effective with average 4.76% error with maximum 10.0% error recorded. This may be used to develop a corona online measuring system in the future.

2024, Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation

This paper introduces the development of two Printed Inverted F Antennas (PIFA) to be integrated in a patch worn on the back of human body. This study is part of SACHA project (Search And Computerize Human Acts) whose main aim is to... more

This paper introduces the development of two Printed Inverted F Antennas (PIFA) to be integrated in a patch worn on the back of human body. This study is part of SACHA project (Search And Computerize Human Acts) whose main aim is to design a tracking device for monitoring the elderly suffering from Alzheimer disease. The first antenna frequency is 868 MHz and will be used to communicate with a specific SIGFOX communication technology. A second frequency (1575.42 MHz) is used for GPS geolocation. The proposed development is a part of research in Human Health Monitoring field, based on the monitoring of the behavior, the location and the position of the patient, and could deeply help the medical team or family to instantly respond through a warning generation.

2024, 2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)

Fractal Structures based on Electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) can contribute to the mutual coupling reduction between microstrip antennas due to its capability of suppressing surface waves propagation in a given frequency range. In this... more

Fractal Structures based on Electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) can contribute to the mutual coupling reduction between microstrip antennas due to its capability of suppressing surface waves propagation in a given frequency range. In this paper, a new arrangement of one layer Uni-Planar Fractal based on EBG (UPF-EBG) structure is analysed using the commercial finite element full wave solver High-Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS version 17.0). The structure without any shorting pins or vias is based on a well-known fractal structure called Sierpinski carpet, within which two iterations have been applied as planner EBG between two PIFA for increase isolation issue. The total dimensions of the PIFA antenna are 40 mm × 68 mm × 1.6 mm and operate at 2.65 GHz approximately which is defined for wireless Long Term Evolution (LTE) MIMO application. Here a compact periodic lattice (2 × 3 EBG structures are joint to improve the mutual coupling) inserted between E-plane coupled PIFA array, and precise performance study is implemented to investigate the mutual coupling. As a result, significantly more than 30 dB mutual coupling reduction is noticed from the simulations.

2024

Traduzione del racconto "A Scandal in Bohemia" di Arthur Conan Doyle

2024

Traduzione del racconto "The Sign of the Four" di Arthur Conan Doyle

2024, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility

The conventional definition of shielding effectiveness is well suited for calculating electromagnetic shielding in the far-field. However, in the near field, shielding effectiveness calculation is not so straight forward. In radio... more

The conventional definition of shielding effectiveness is well suited for calculating electromagnetic shielding in the far-field. However, in the near field, shielding effectiveness calculation is not so straight forward. In radio frequency interference problems, most of the field coupling occurs in near field. Having a well-defined method to calculate near-field shielding effectiveness is important for estimating the suppression of radio frequency interference using the shield cans. In this research, a method to extract the shielding effectiveness of board level shielding cans using near field scanning is developed. Shielding effectiveness is defined by modelling the shielded noise source as equivalent dipole moments. Accuracy of the equivalent source is analyzed by using least square error and correlation coefficient as confidence check parameters. Applying reciprocity theorem, the voltage coupled on a PIFA antenna from an unshielded and a shielded source is calculated. Coupled voltage from a shielded noise source serves as the reference and is used to validate the effectiveness of the developed method. Practical shield cans were used to study and develop the shielding effectiveness extraction method using full wave 3D simulations. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to my graduate advisor, Dr. Chulsoon Hwang, for his expert guidance and valuable insight for my research work. I am grateful to him for his constant support and encouragement throughout my graduate program. I would like to thank Dr. David Pommerenke for his criticisms and support, without which I wouldn't have passed many hurdles during my work at "Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory", at Missouri S&T. I also thank Dr. Daryl Beetner and Dr. Jun Fan for being a part of my thesis committee and putting in time to review this research work. A special thanks to all my friends for providing their support and helping me during the tough times. Finally, I thank my parents, sister and entire family for their unconditional love and emotional support throughout my education at Missouri S&T. vi

2024

The proposed multiband planar inverted-F antenna has a very simple structure. The antenna has only one layer so it is easy to fabricate. The size of radiating patch of proposed antenna is 20mm× 25mm, while the size of ground plane is... more

The proposed multiband planar inverted-F antenna has a very simple structure. The antenna has only one layer so it is easy to fabricate. The size of radiating patch of proposed antenna is 20mm× 25mm, while the size of ground plane is 39mm×39mm and height of antenna is 3mm. Mathematical tools are used to determine the initial dimensions of the patch and RT Duroid has been used as a dielectric material. Slots in radiating patch have been used to introduce multiband operations into the proposed antenna. Slits in the ground plane of the proposed antenna have been employed to enhance the bandwidth and the number of frequency bands. The proposed antenna can cover UMTS, LTE2300, m-WiMAX and WLAN. The gain of the antenna at 2.1987, 3.7208, and 5.1798 GHz are obtained as 2.18, 4.73 and 5.87 dBi, respectively and the radiation efficiencies are 89.88, 88.34, and 81.69% respectively. So, the proposed antenna is suitable for modern mobile phone applications.

2024, TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)

IEEE Std 100-2000 defines corona as a luminous discharge due to ionization of the air surrounding a conductor caused by a voltage gradient exceeding a certain critical value. It occurs when the insulating material begins to ionize or... more

IEEE Std 100-2000 defines corona as a luminous discharge due to ionization of the air surrounding a conductor caused by a voltage gradient exceeding a certain critical value. It occurs when the insulating material begins to ionize or conduct due to voltage stress. Corona brings a lot of damages such as corrosion, loss inoverhead transmission lines and electromagnetic interference. Monitoring of corona may reduce the maintenance and replacement cost of electrical equipment. The motivation of this experiment is to calibrate corona detector antennas in the future. The error obtained will determine the efficiency of the antenna to detect and locate potential coronas in electrical equipment in a substation with switchgears or transformers. The operation bandwidth of the antenna is 320MHz to 1.20GHz making it useful to detect and corona. The measurement method of utilizing delay between signals first peak is effective with average 4.76% error with maximum 10.0% error recorded. This may be used to develop a corona online measuring system in the future.

2024, 2018 2nd URSI Atlantic Radio Science Meeting (AT-RASC)

This paper shows a comparison between a linearlypolarized multiband PIFA (Planar Inverted F-Antenna) and a circularly-polarized ultrawideband Archimedean spiral antenna, both designed to be low-cost RF harvesters and to capture the... more

This paper shows a comparison between a linearlypolarized multiband PIFA (Planar Inverted F-Antenna) and a circularly-polarized ultrawideband Archimedean spiral antenna, both designed to be low-cost RF harvesters and to capture the spectrum energy in the bands of interest (FM, DTT, LTE, GSM, WiFi and WiMAX). It is commented and demonstrated how the Archimedean spiral, which works between 0.4 GHz and 18 GHz, presents a better behavior in most of its radiation characteristics: efficiency, matching, depolarization losses, etc.; and it is more tolerant to slight variations in some of its parameters, as Monte Carlo simulations show. It also solves the interoperability problem of the antenna between different countries, where frequency assignment plans can vary.

2024

This paper presents a free space wire antenna having two larger bandwidths with satisfactory forward gain, return loss and VSWR. With center frequency 914MHz the antenna provides a bandwidth 174MHz from 880MHz to 1054MHz. Another band... more

This paper presents a free space wire antenna having two larger bandwidths with satisfactory forward gain, return loss and VSWR. With center frequency 914MHz the antenna provides a bandwidth 174MHz from 880MHz to 1054MHz. Another band lies between 1478MHz and 1540MHz range with center frequency 1508MHz. These two larger bandwidths enable the antenna to support a wide range of wireless applications such as GPS, cellular communication, CT2, ZigBee, Wi-Fi and biomedical applications. The simulation of the antenna in 4NEC2 shows VSWR 1.08002, Return Loss-28.298dB and Gain 1.99dB. The characteristic impedance of the antenna is 49.7346 Ω without the use of any matching network. Both the simulation and experimental result shows that the antenna is omni-directional in nature.

2024, TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)

This paper presents, new compact and multiband frequency reconfigurable planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The antenna is designed and optimized to cover mobile application devices like GPS, WLAN/Wi-Fi, WiMAX, 4G LTE, UWB, and satellite... more

This paper presents, new compact and multiband frequency reconfigurable planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The antenna is designed and optimized to cover mobile application devices like GPS, WLAN/Wi-Fi, WiMAX, 4G LTE, UWB, and satellite applications. The frequency reconfigurability is obtained by using only a single RF switch (PIN diode) for changing the operating frequency. The antenna dimensions are 45.6x39.6x1.6 mm 3 printed on an FR-4 epoxy substrate with relative dielectric constant εr = 4.3, loss tangent tan (δ) = 0.002 and 50 Ω coaxial feed line. The proposed antenna has two patches connected by a single PIN diode. The antenna introduces nine resonant frequencies under (S11 ≤-10 dB) which are: 0.980 GHz,

2024, International Journal of Computer Applications

The PIFA u-shaped design process is carried out by using math formulation and experimental methods with several reference of processors journal helps. For simulate it, it uses some software. Magus Antenna is one of them for designing... more

The PIFA u-shaped design process is carried out by using math formulation and experimental methods with several reference of processors journal helps. For simulate it, it uses some software. Magus Antenna is one of them for designing purpose and for simulating and optimizing the Antenna is using the CST Studio Suite 2020 software. The PIFA optimization process is carried out by changing the antenna dimension elements, to get the IEEE defined standards, which is VSWR ≤ 1, reference impedance 50 Ω, and s-parameter below-20dB. The results obtained in the form of slot 1 antenna that works at a frequency of 2.4 GHz and slot 2 at a frequency of 3.7 GHz. The results obtained are the value of slot 1 and slot 2. VSWR has a value of 1.10090581 and 1.09702511. The return loss is-26.369808 and-26.69439. The gain is worth 3.49 and 2.82. The antenna has a line impedance of 50.150508 Ω which has a tolerance of 0.150508 Ω.

2024

A compact planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) with a tunable frequency response is presented. Tuning of the resonant frequency is realized by loading a varactor on an embedded slot of the proposed antenna structure without further optimizing... more

A compact planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) with a tunable frequency response is presented. Tuning of the resonant frequency is realized by loading a varactor on an embedded slot of the proposed antenna structure without further optimizing other antenna geometry parameters. The antenna exhibits a wide frequency range from 1570 to 2600 MHz with a good impedance matching (S11 ≤-10 dB) covering the GPS, PCS, DCS, UMTS, WLAN and LTE systems. To validate the theoretical model and design concept, the antenna prototype was fabricated and measured. The compact size of the antenna is 15mm × 8mm × 3mm, which makes this antenna a good candidate for mobile handset and wireless communication applications. Keywords: Tunable antenna, varactor diode, PIFA antenna.

2024, International Conference on Intelligent Systems Engineering (ICISE)

This paper presents the design of multi and wide band frequency reconfigurable monopole antenna, using FR4 as a substrate with thickness of 1.6mm. The radiating element is printed on a truncated metallic ground plane. The antenna works in... more

This paper presents the design of multi and wide band frequency reconfigurable monopole antenna, using FR4 as a substrate with thickness of 1.6mm. The radiating element is printed on a truncated metallic ground plane. The antenna works in a single-band and two dual-band modes using two switches. The single-band (WIMAX at 3.45GHz) mode is obtained when both switches (SW1 and SW2) are in OFF state. The first Dualband (Wi-Fi at 2.45 GHz and WLAN at 5.45GHz) mode is achieved when one particular switch of the two switches is turned ON. When both switches are turned ON, the antenna functions in the second dual band mode(GSM at 1.8GHz and WLAN at 5.45GHz). This monopole antenna is designed using computer simulation technology 2011(CST Microwave studio). The designed antenna's performance is examined on the basis of return loss, radiation pattern, Gain,Efficiency and VSWR.

2023, International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology

Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) is the most commonly used antennas for mobile phone applications because of their compact size and SAR properties. The bandwidth of an antenna is the set of frequencies over which the antenna reliably... more

Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) is the most commonly used antennas for mobile phone applications because of their compact size and SAR properties. The bandwidth of an antenna is the set of frequencies over which the antenna reliably transmits or receives the electromagnetic waves. The reliable operation of an antenna requires low return loss which occurs due to reflections. The return losses are determined by the input impedance of the antenna. Hence it is important to choose the optimal feeding point having an impedance close to 50 ohm (characteristic impedance of feed) to reduce the reflections and hence the return loss. In this paper, a brief procedure is given on how to obtain the optimal feeding point for an antenna using the current and voltage distribution over the radiating surface. Also an approximate expression has been derived to obtain the optimal feeding point. It is possible to reduce the return loss to less than-20dB by this method.

2023, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering

In this paper a design of L-shaped monopole antenna (LMA) with modified partial ground plane for multiband operation is presented. The `dimension of proposed antenna is 40× 47 mm2 with 1.6 height using Teflon substrate having dielectric... more

In this paper a design of L-shaped monopole antenna (LMA) with modified partial ground plane for multiband operation is presented. The `dimension of proposed antenna is 40× 47 mm2 with 1.6 height using Teflon substrate having dielectric constant 2.1. The ground plane is amended by inserting an anti-symmetric horizontal L-slots. Single band to multiband behaviour is accomplished by applying two horizontal L-slots on partial ground plane of LMA. Both the slots are antisymmetric to Y-axis. The parametric study has also been done which is responsible for antenna behaviour. The operating frequency bands of designed antenna are 2.35-2.91GHz,3.24-3.51GHz ,4.31-5.30GHz and 5.90-6.31GHz which is suitable for Bluetooth (2.4GHZ),WLAN (2.4GHz,5.2GHz), WiMAX (2.3GHz, 2.5GHz, 3.5GHz, 5.2GHz), C-band (4-8GHz) and S-DMB (2.6GHz) applications. By using the HFSS simulator we accomplished that our designed antenna show an enhancement of bandwidth and good matching impedance.

2023, IEE Proceedings - Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation

2023

In this paper, a new quad-band small size microstrip handset antenna covering global system for mobile communication (GSM900), global poisoning system (GPS1500), digital communication system (DCS1800), and wireless local area network... more

In this paper, a new quad-band small size microstrip handset antenna covering global system for mobile communication (GSM900), global poisoning system (GPS1500), digital communication system (DCS1800), and wireless local area network (WLAN2450) bands is presented. The antenna has a single feed and a shorting pin to reduce its size. The design is simulated and optimized for two different dielectric substrates. Details of the antenna are discussed along with simulated results. Simulation results are obtained using the HFSS commercial software which is based on the finite element method and compared to measured results and good results are obtained.

2023, International Journal of Computer Applications

A compact multiband planar antenna is designed for mobile phone applications in this paper. A planar monopole antenna into distributed radiating elements has designed to obtain good antenna performance. The proposed antenna is combined of... more

A compact multiband planar antenna is designed for mobile phone applications in this paper. A planar monopole antenna into distributed radiating elements has designed to obtain good antenna performance. The proposed antenna is combined of a chopped circular radiator with a meander line and an L-strip coupled element which is an extension of the ground plane. A chopped circular patch and L-shaped coupling strip generates lower band and separate radiator and meander lines generates upper band. A planar structure has dimensions as 17.6 × 56 mm. Such a planar structure has printed on circuit board. Antenna covers wireless communication bands as LTE 750, GSM 850, GSM 900, DCS 1700, UMTS-2110, and UWB 3100. The designed antenna performance has checked with the help of IE3D simulation software. The proposed antenna has designed and tested practically.

2023

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband... more

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband spiral antenna design with its various properties and look for opportunities for the application of various forms of novel advanced spiral antennas with improved performance. The results of identification and analysis increasingly show that the improvement of spiral antenna performance is highly dependent on design optimization; and continuous assessment of how techniques, methods, and experiments are possible for the performance improvement of existing spiral antenna properties.

2023

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband... more

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband spiral antenna design with its various properties and look for opportunities for the application of various forms of novel advanced spiral antennas with improved performance. The results of identification and analysis increasingly show that the improvement of spiral antenna performance is highly dependent on design optimization; and continuous assessment of how techniques, methods, and experiments are possible for the performance improvement of existing spiral antenna properties.

2023

Il piccolo Santo, capolavoro di Roberto Bracco

2023

The linearly polarized radial line slots array antenna exhibits poor return loss. This problem was tackled by imploring the beam squinting and reflection cancelling slots techniques. This paper suggests the use of a numerical solution for... more

The linearly polarized radial line slots array antenna exhibits poor return loss. This problem was tackled by imploring the beam squinting and reflection cancelling slots techniques. This paper suggests the use of a numerical solution for selection of the beam squinted slots concentration on the radiation surface by x-raying best design parameters for optimal solutions using MALTAB computations for the objective function. This is aimed at minimizing design and computation time involved in the selection of optimal design parameters hence improving the entire production process. Results obtained from the numerical solutions were used as design parameters on CST MWS for the computation of the antenna radiation characteristics and showed excellent agreement with published literatures on optimal LP-RLSA beam squinted antenna designs in terms of gain and return loss values.

2023

Nowadays, in modern mobile and wireless communication systems, there is an increased demand for compact, wide bandwidth and low-cost antennas with dual band capability. In this paper, two shapes for a low cost reduced size PIFA with wide... more

Nowadays, in modern mobile and wireless communication systems, there is an increased demand for compact, wide bandwidth and low-cost antennas with dual band capability. In this paper, two shapes for a low cost reduced size PIFA with wide bandwidth are investigated. The antenna substrate is from a cheap foam material with r ε =1.07. The antenna is fed by single coaxial feed. Size reduction is achieved by cutting U-shaped slot on the radiating surface of the PIFA structure. The antenna size becomes (0.22 λ x 0.18 λ). Wide bandwidth is reached by making the U-shaped slot with two unequal arms. Moreover, dual operating frequencies are achieved by cutting either L-shaped or U-shaped slits on the coupled feeding part of the radiating surface. The antenna resonates in Bluetooth ISM band at 2.4 GHz as well as in WLAN band at 5.2GHz. The bandwidths are about 31% and 7.5% for the lower and upper bands, respectively. The proposed antenna is simple in structure compared to regular stacked or coplanar parasitic patch antennas that, makes it suitable for most mobile communication applications.

2023, Majlesi Journal of Telecommunication Devices

In this paper, a new design of multiband microstrip U-shaped PIFA antennas is proposed. The antenna has a U-shaped patch on a substrate with dielectric constant of 3 and is shorted to the ground plane through two shorting walls. The... more

In this paper, a new design of multiband microstrip U-shaped PIFA antennas is proposed. The antenna has a U-shaped patch on a substrate with dielectric constant of 3 and is shorted to the ground plane through two shorting walls. The antenna operates in three separated frequency bands including 1.16-1.24 GHz, 2.37-2.44 GHz and 3.65-3.75 GHz. That is suitable for wireless frequency bands applications. The first frequency band of antenna is used for wireless video links and wireless video transmitters. The second and third frequency bands are usable for Wi-Fi, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Bluetooth bands. A slot has been designed on the ground plane to improve radiations at 2.4 GHz and to enhance the bandwidth of the antenna at resonance frequencies

2023

This study is a continuity of previous research done by the author which is to validate the simulation results. As the simulation results has shown disturbance in the action potential (AP) signal when electromagnetic radiation (EMR)... more

This study is a continuity of previous research done by the author which is to validate the simulation results. As the simulation results has shown disturbance in the action potential (AP) signal when electromagnetic radiation (EMR) appear, therefore, it is essential to undertake an experiment to validate those results. As using life specimen will lead to ethical issues, the author has choose robotic arm experiment setup because the main concern in this study is the disturbance on the signal which is measurable through the robotic arm signal. GSM phones are placed really closed to copper wires connecting the robotic arm at certain degree of orientations. The results show significant displacement of matchbox by 0.2 to 1 cm from specified region when radiation source appear. There is also significant voltage increment of 0.4 V on DC signal of robotic arm when phones at 2250 orientation. The GSM phone radiation is possible to interfere with harmonious function of APs.

2023, International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Physics lied

In this work, we have designed, modelled and simulated a 4.9GHz to 5GHz miniature Planar inverted F-Antenna (PIFA) on COMSOL Multiphysics. The COMSOL antenna physics was based on the geometry of the device with mobile phone modelled using... more

In this work, we have designed, modelled and simulated a 4.9GHz to 5GHz miniature Planar inverted F-Antenna (PIFA) on COMSOL Multiphysics. The COMSOL antenna physics was based on the geometry of the device with mobile phone modelled using silicon body frame with FR4 circuit plate and plastic as well as glass for the mobile phone screen and body. The antenna was mounted within a mobile model in order to determine the performance. It was obtained that the antenna is very well acquired from-4dBi to 1dBi, 7.59dBi with 36 and 296 degrees respectively, voltage standing ratio (VSWR) less than-10dB of ratio 2:1. The downlink frequency obtained through the adaptive frequency sweep (AWE), with directivity of 5.7dB falls between the range for chip patch and the radiation pattern for 3D and 2D shows a perfect electric and magnetic radiation for the PIFA chip. The smith chart indicates the S-parameter plot for the impedance matching properties along with the surface far-field gain variation, thereby increasing confidence on viability of our device.

2023, Radio Science

Each of these antennas stands upright above a ground plane, and has edges expressed by an exponential function and a circle function. The four antennas are investigated using frequencies from 1.5 GHz to 11 GHz. The CROSS-FAN is found to... more

Each of these antennas stands upright above a ground plane, and has edges expressed by an exponential function and a circle function. The four antennas are investigated using frequencies from 1.5 GHz to 11 GHz. The CROSS-FAN is found to have a lower VSWR over a wide frequency band compared to the U.S.-FAN. The CROSS-FAN-W and CROSS-FANS are modified versions of the CROSS-FAN, each designed to have a stop band (a high VSWR frequency range) for interference cancellation. The stop band for the CROSS-FAN-W is controlled by a wire (total length 4L wire) that connects the fan-shaped elements. The center frequency of the stop band f stop is close to the frequency corresponding to a wire segment length L wire of half the wavelength. It is also found that the stop band in the CROSS-FANS can be controlled by four slots, one cut into each of the fan-shaped elements. The center frequency of the stop band f stop is close to the frequency corresponding to a slot length L slot of one-quarter of the wavelength. Experimental work is performed to confirm the theoretical results, using the CROSS-FANS .

2023

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband... more

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband spiral antenna design with its various properties and look for opportunities for the application of various forms of novel advanced spiral antennas with improved performance. The results of identification and analysis increasingly show that the improvement of spiral antenna performance is highly dependent on design optimization; and continuous assessment of how techniques, methods, and experiments are possible for the performance improvement of existing spiral antenna properties.

2023, Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Employing electromagnetic waves in mobile communication networks has increased the level of human exposure to electromagnetic fields that may result in concerns about health hazards associated involves the soaking up of cellular phone... more

Employing electromagnetic waves in mobile communication networks has increased the level of human exposure to electromagnetic fields that may result in concerns about health hazards associated involves the soaking up of cellular phone electromagnetic energy. The human body is penetrated by the electromagnetic fields that emit from a cell phone. The specific absorption rate (SAR) that is generated in the human head and body layers usually expresses the thermal effect on human tissue. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the thermal effects of the electromagnetic field induced inside the human head and body through the construction of a simplified model for both. The RF-source and human body models are built by using the ANSYS high-frequency structural simulator (HFSS). A planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) will use to assign SAR values to different body tissues for the fourth generation (4G) of mobile phone communication at an operational frequency of 2.6 GHz and power radiated of 125 mW. The model is simulated and analyzed to evaluate the SAR induced at different human tissues depending on the source-to-antenna distance and its generated values must not exceed the safe limits for harmful thermal effects.

2023

An inverted U shaped free space antenna is developed in YZ plane to achieve a bandwidth of 83MHz from 873MHz to 956MHz at 914 MHz resonance frequency with 1.82dB forward gain and-36dB reflection coefficient for ISM band and GSM-900... more

An inverted U shaped free space antenna is developed in YZ plane to achieve a bandwidth of 83MHz from 873MHz to 956MHz at 914 MHz resonance frequency with 1.82dB forward gain and-36dB reflection coefficient for ISM band and GSM-900 application. This proposed antenna also operates at 2.6 GHz for S-DMB application. The key configuration of the proposed antenna is connected of capital "U" and small "u" backs one another. The small "u" arms helps to obtain SWR around 1.The input impedance of the antenna is 49.67ohm so without any matching network it is matched with characteristic impedance 50 ohm cable. A prototype of the inverted U shaped antenna has been presented in this paper by using a valid simulation and measurement results.

2023, Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

This paper presents a numerical solution to minimize electromagnetic radiation from a Planar Inverted Fractal Antenna (PIFA) used in cellular phone. The PIFA is simulated using a semiconductor substrate having a dielectric constant of... more

This paper presents a numerical solution to minimize electromagnetic radiation from a Planar Inverted Fractal Antenna (PIFA) used in cellular phone. The PIFA is simulated using a semiconductor substrate having a dielectric constant of 3.38. The height of the dielectric substrate is 0.813 mm. The designed antenna is simulated at a broad range of microwave frequency spectrum used in cellular communication. A 50-ohm probe of 0.5 mm radius perpendicular to the ground substrate plate is used as a feeding medium. The antenna performance is evaluated for three different lengths keeping all other parameters constant. Simulation results show that the intended PIFA having a length of 20 mm can be used effectively to reduce the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of radiation. Moreover, the reflection coefficient was found to be minimal 0.1569 at 20 mm antenna length which is determined by characteristic impedance relation. Therefore, this investigation of minimizing the radiation absorption can be...

2023

An inverted U shaped free space antenna is developed in YZ plane to achieve a bandwidth of 83MHz from 873MHz to 956MHz at 914 MHz resonance frequency with 1.82dB forward gain and-36dB reflection coefficient for ISM band and GSM-900... more

An inverted U shaped free space antenna is developed in YZ plane to achieve a bandwidth of 83MHz from 873MHz to 956MHz at 914 MHz resonance frequency with 1.82dB forward gain and-36dB reflection coefficient for ISM band and GSM-900 application. This proposed antenna also operates at 2.6 GHz for S-DMB application. The key configuration of the proposed antenna is connected of capital "U" and small "u" backs one another. The small "u" arms helps to obtain SWR around 1.The input impedance of the antenna is 49.67ohm so without any matching network it is matched with characteristic impedance 50 ohm cable. A prototype of the inverted U shaped antenna has been presented in this paper by using a valid simulation and measurement results.

2023, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering

A miniaturized planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) for 4G/ 5G wireless technology is presented in this paper. It operates at frequency range 2.9 GHz to 4.9 GHz covering all the sub- 6 GHz frequency bands all over the world. The structure of... more

A miniaturized planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) for 4G/ 5G wireless technology is presented in this paper. It operates at frequency range 2.9 GHz to 4.9 GHz covering all the sub- 6 GHz frequency bands all over the world. The structure of PIFA is quite trouble-free and simple but the dimensions are quite minute. The patch is 11.3 mm x 8.3 mm. The antenna displays S11 equals to –37.9 dB at 3.9 GHz frequency. It seems really promising where simplicity is the concern for the 5G environment. The antenna is compatible with 4G environment and useful for 5G wireless technology.

2023

This paper presents the design of a broadband planar inverted-F antenna whose geometry splits the top (radiating plate), short, ground, and capacitive feed plates into two parts. The proposed geometry together with the capacitive-feed... more

This paper presents the design of a broadband planar inverted-F antenna whose geometry splits the top (radiating plate), short, ground, and capacitive feed plates into two parts. The proposed geometry together with the capacitive-feed technique make it possible to achieve both measured-pattern and impedance bandwidths of about 52.44% (1.66 GHz-2.84 GHz) and 8% (3.36 GHz-3.64 GHz) for VSWR ≤ 2.0. These values are larger than the bandwidth obtained using a traditional wire-fed PIFA or other capacitive feeding techniques. A constructed prototype is enough to simultaneously cover various frequency bands, namely DCS 1800, DCS 1900, UMTS, Wi-Fi, 2.4GHz, WiMAX (2.3-2.5 GHz; 3.4-3.5 GHz), and Bluetooth. Radiation patterns are reasonably omni-directional throughout the whole operating bandwidth.

2023, International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research

This paper presents a compact planar inverted–F antenna (PIFA) design for WLAN operation in portable devices. The proposed design has size of 8 x 21 mm and provides peak directive gain of 5.78dBi with the peak return loss of -33.89dB and... more

This paper presents a compact planar inverted–F antenna (PIFA) design for WLAN operation in portable devices. The proposed design has size of 8 x 21 mm and provides peak directive gain of 5.78dBi with the peak return loss of -33.89dB and input impedance of 50.28Ω. It covers a 10dB return loss bandwidth of 410MHz (2.37GHz – 2.789GHz). Its VSWR varies from 1.96 to 1.93 within the antenna return loss bandwidth. As the dimension of the proposed antenna is very small, the antenna is promising to be embedded within the different portable devices employing Wi–Fi applications. This paper includes the return loss as a function of frequency with varying the different parameters, VSWR, input resistance, radiation pattern and current distribution of the proposed antenna.

2023

Nowadays, in modern mobile and wireless communication systems, there is an increased demand for compact, wide bandwidth and low-cost antennas with dual band capability. In this paper, two shapes for a low cost reduced size PIFA with wide... more

Nowadays, in modern mobile and wireless communication systems, there is an increased demand for compact, wide bandwidth and low-cost antennas with dual band capability. In this paper, two shapes for a low cost reduced size PIFA with wide bandwidth are investigated. The antenna substrate is from a cheap foam material with r ε =1.07. The antenna is fed by single coaxial feed. Size reduction is achieved by cutting U-shaped slot on the radiating surface of the PIFA structure. The antenna size becomes (0.22 λ x 0.18 λ). Wide bandwidth is reached by making the U-shaped slot with two unequal arms. Moreover, dual operating frequencies are achieved by cutting either L-shaped or U-shaped slits on the coupled feeding part of the radiating surface. The antenna resonates in Bluetooth ISM band at 2.4 GHz as well as in WLAN band at 5.2GHz. The bandwidths are about 31% and 7.5% for the lower and upper bands, respectively. The proposed antenna is simple in structure compared to regular stacked or coplanar parasitic patch antennas that, makes it suitable for most mobile communication applications.

2023, IEE Proceedings - Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation

2023

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband... more

The frequency independent antenna has become a major driver of intensive research and development of spiral antennas in generating large bandwidth. In this paper, a new approach will be adopted that will identify and analyze the wideband spiral antenna design with its various properties and look for opportunities for the application of various forms of novel advanced spiral antennas with improved performance. The results of identification and analysis increasingly show that the improvement of spiral antenna performance is highly dependent on design optimization; and continuous assessment of how techniques, methods, and experiments are possible for the performance improvement of existing spiral antenna properties.

2023

Minkowski technique is proposed in this paper in order to design dual-band microstrip antenna with frequency bands of 1.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz. The conventional microstrip patch antenna has single band in which its return loss is -25.92 dB at... more

Minkowski technique is proposed in this paper in order to design dual-band microstrip antenna with frequency bands of 1.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz. The conventional microstrip patch antenna has single band in which its return loss is -25.92 dB at 2.4 GHz. The CST simulated results show that when Minkowski fractal microstrip antenna is designed, the antenna operates with two frequency bands for return loss of -19.301 dB and -39.575 dB at 1.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz respectively. The antenna is fabricated on FR-4 substrate with permittivity of 4.3 and thickness of 1.6 mm.