Primordial Black Hole Research Papers (original) (raw)

This thesis begins with a study of the origin of cosmological fluctuations with special attention to those cases in which the non-Gaussian correlation functions are large. The analysis shows that perturbations from an almost massless auxiliary field generically produce large values of the non-linear parameter f_NL. The effects of including non-Gaussian correlation functions in the statistics of cosmological structure are explored by constructing a non-Gaussian probability distribution function (PDF). Such PDF is derived for the comoving curvature perturbation from first principles in the context of quantum field theory, with n-point correlation functions as the only input. The non-Gaussian PDF is then used to explore two important problems in the physics of primordial black holes (PBHs): First, to compute non-Gaussian corrections to the number of PBHs generated from the primordial curvature fluctuations. The second application concerns new cosmological observables. The formation of PBHs is known to depend on two main physical characteristics: the strength of the gravitational field produced by the initial curvature inhomogeneity and the pressure gradient at the edge of the curvature configuration. We account for the probability of finding these configurations by using two parameters: The amplitude of the inhomogeneity and its second radial derivative, evaluated at the centre of the configuration. The implications of the derived probability for the fraction of mass in the universe in the form of PBHs are discussed.

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- Quantum Field Theory, Primordial Black Hole, Pressure Gradient, Perturbation Theory
- by Tomohiro Harada
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- Black Holes, Evaporation, Hawking Radiation, Cosmology

The principle of nuclear democracy is invoked to prove the formation of stable quantized gravitational bound states of primordial black holes called Holeums. The latter come in four varieties: ordinary Holeums H, Black Holeums BH, Hyper Holeums HH and the massless Lux Holeums LH.These Holeums are invisible because the gravitational radiation emitted by their quantum transitions is undetectable now. The

- by Abhijit Chavda
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- Quantum Gravity, Dark Matter, Quantum Cosmology, Dark Energy

In this article we provide a new closed relationship between the cosmic abundance of primordial gravitational waves and primordial black holes originated from initial inflationary perturbations for a generic model of inflation where inflation occurs below the Planck scale. We have obtained a strict bound on the current abundance of primordial black holes from the Planck measurements, 9.99712times10−3<OmegaPBHh2<9.99736times10−39.99712\times 10^{-3}<\Omega_{PBH}h^{2}< 9.99736\times 10^{-3}9.99712times10−3<OmegaPBHh2<9.99736times10−3.

- by Bruce Bassett
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- Mathematical Physics, Quantum Physics, Cosmic Microwave Background, Linear Order

This paper explores the consequences of non-Gaussian cosmological perturbations for the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). A non-Gaussian probability distribution function (PDF) of curvature perturbations is presented with an explicit contribution from the three-point correlation function to linear order. The consequences of this non-Gaussian PDF for the large perturbations that form PBHs are then studied. Using the observational limits for the non-Gaussian parameter fNLf_{NL}fNL, new bounds to the mean amplitude of curvature perturbations are derived in the range of scales relevant for PBH formation.

- by Juan Hidalgo
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- Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics, Linear Order, Primordial Black Hole
- by Katherine Freese
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- Dark Matter, Early Universe, Black Hole Physics, High Redshift Universe
- by Marshall Eubanks
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- Dark Matter, Primordial Black Hole, Formation of the Solar System, Quark Matter
- by Tomohiro Harada
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- Dark Energy, Mathematical Sciences, Physical sciences, Black Hole
- by Josh Reynolds
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- Particle Physics, Early Universe, Cosmology, Standard Model
- by Patrick Dasgupta
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- Field Theory, Quantum Physics, Thermodynamics, CP Violation
- by Matt Lebofsky and +1
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- Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Primordial Black Hole, Survey data
- by Diego N Pelliccia
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- Black Holes, Evaporation, Magnetic field, Cosmology
- by Kshitija Deshpande
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- Computer Hardware, Low Frequency, Cluster Computing, Data acquisition
- by Eric Korpela
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- Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, SETI, Primordial Black Hole
- by Robert Caldwell
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- Quantum Physics, Dark Matter, Quantum Mechanics, String Theory
- by James Bullock
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- Quantum Physics, Primordial Black Hole
- by Shigehiro Nagataki
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- Cosmology, Power Law, Primordial Black Hole, Spectrum

We use data from the second science run of the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors to search for the gravitational waves from primordial black hole (PBH) binary coalescence with component masses in the range 0.2--$1.0 M_\odot$. The analysis requires a signal to be found in the data from both LIGO observatories, according to a set of coincidence criteria. No inspiral signals were found. Assuming a spherical halo with core radius 5 kpc extending to 50 kpc containing non-spinning black holes with masses in the range 0.2--$1.0 M_\odot$, we place an observational upper limit on the rate of PBH coalescence of 63 per year per Milky Way halo (MWH) with 90% confidence.

- by Tania Regimbau
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- Quantum Physics, Data Analysis, Dark Matter, Data Management

Model of supermassive black holes formation inside the clusters of primordial black holes is developed. Namely, it is supposed, that some mass fraction of the universe ~10^-3 is composed of the compact clusters of primordial (relic) black holes, produced during phase transitions in the early universe. These clusters are the centers of dark matter condensation. We model the formation of protogalaxies with masses about 2*10^8M_sun at the redshift z=15. These induced protogalaxies contain central black holes with mass ~10^5M_sun and look like dwarf spheroidal galaxies with central density spike. The subsequent merging of induced protogalaxies and ordinary dark matter haloes corresponds to the standard hierarchical clustering scenario of large-scale structure formation. The coalescence of primordial black holes results in formation of supermassive black holes in the galactic centers. As a result, the observed correlation between the masses of central black holes and velocity dispersion in the galactic bulges is reproduced.

- by Vyacheslav I Dokuchaev and +1
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- Mathematical Physics, Theoretical Physics, Dark Matter, Early Universe

We describe the model of protogalaxy formation around the cluster of primordial black holes with a minimum extension of standard cosmological model. Namely, it is supposed, that a mass fraction of the universe ~10^-3 is composed of the compact clusters of primordial (relict) black holes produced during the phase transitions in the early universe. These clusters are the centers of the dark matter (DM) condensations. As a result the protogalaxies with a mass 2x10^8Msun form at the redshift z=15. These induced protogalaxies contain the central black holes of mass ~10^5Msun and look like the dwarf spheroidal galaxies with a central density spike. Subsequent merging of the induced protogalaxies and ordinary DM haloes leads to the standard scenario of the large scale structure formation. Black holes merging gives the nowadays supermassive black holes and reproduces the observed correlations between their masses and velocity dispersions in the bulges.

- by Vyacheslav I Dokuchaev
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- Mathematical Physics, Physics, Theoretical Physics, Dark Matter

- by Lee Finn
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- Quantum Physics, Data Analysis, Dark Matter, Data Management
- by Alexey Petrov
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- Dark Matter, Low Energy Buildngs, Black Hole, Primordial Black Hole

In this small review we present the actual state the knowledge about weighting black holes. Black holes can be found in stellar binary systems in our Galaxy and in other nearby galaxies, in globular clusters, which we can see in our and nearby galaxies, and in centres of all well-developed galaxies. Range of values of their masses is wide and cover about ten orders of magnitude (not taking into account the hypothetic primordial black holes). Establishing the presence of black holes, and in particular the measurement of their mass is one on the key issues for many branches of astronomy, from stellar evolution to cosmology.

- by Bozena Czerny
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- Stellar Evolution, Black Hole, Primordial Black Hole
- by Tomohiro Harada
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- Field Theory, Quantum Physics, Unified Field Theory, Black Hole
- by michael daniel
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- Particle Physics, Early Universe, Cosmology, Standard Model
- by Geir Halnes and +1
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- Quantum Physics, Thermodynamics, Black Hole, Primordial Black Hole
- by Juan Garcia-Bellido
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- X-ray Binaries, High Energy Physics, Hawking Radiation, Mathematical Sciences
- by Shigehiro Nagataki
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- Field Theory, Quantum Physics, Thermodynamics, Early Universe

We review recent progress in the study of varying constants and attempts to explain the observed values of the fundamental physical constants. We describe the variation of GGG in Newtonian and relativistic scalar-tensor gravity theories. We highlight the behaviour of the isotropic Friedmann solutions and consider some striking features of primordial black hole formation and evaporation if GGG varies. We discuss attempts to explain the values of the constants and show how we can incorporate the simultaneou s variations of several 'constants' exactly by using higher-dimensional unified theories. Finally, we describe some new observational limits on possible space or time variations of the fine structure constant.

- by Ipler Ipler
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- Primordial Black Hole, Fine Structure Constant

Incorporating a realistic model for accretion of ultra-relativistic particles by primordial blackholes (PBHs), we study the evolution of an Einstein-de Sitter universe consisting of PBHs embedded in a thermal bath from the epoch sim10−33\sim 10^{-33}sim10−33 sec to sim5times10−9\sim 5\times 10^{-9}sim5times10−9 sec. In this paper we use Barrow et al's ansatz to model blackhole evaporation in which the modified Hawking temperature goes to zero in the limit of the blackhole attaining a relic state with mass simmpl\sim m_{pl}simmpl. Both single mass PBH case as well as the case in which blackhole masses are distributed in the range 8times102−3times1058\times 10^2 - 3\times 10^58times102−3times105 gm have been considered in our analysis. Blackholes with mass larger than sim105\sim 10^5sim105 gm appear to survive beyond the electroweak phase transition and, therefore, successfully manage to create baryon excess via X−barXX-\bar XX−barX emissions, averting the baryon number wash-out due to sphalerons. In this scenario, we find that the contribution to the baryon-to-entropy ratio by PBHs of initial mass mmm is given by simepsilonzeta(m/1gm)−1\sim \epsilon \zeta (m/1 {gm})^{-1}simepsilonzeta(m/1gm)−1, where epsilon\epsilonepsilon and zeta\zetazeta are the CP-violating parameter and the initial mass fraction of the PBHs, respectively. For epsilon\epsilon epsilon larger than sim10−4\sim 10^{-4}sim10−4, the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe can be attributed to the evaporation of PBHs.

- by Niraj Upadhyay
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- Field Theory, Quantum Physics, Thermodynamics, CP Violation

We consider a model of static cosmic string loops in type IIB string theory, where the strings wrap cycles within the internal space. The strings are not topologically stabilised, however the presence of a lifting potential traps the windings giving rise to kinky cycloops. We find that PBH formation occurs at early times in a small window, whilst at late times we observe the formation of dark matter relics in the scaling regime. This is in stark contrast to previous predictions based on field theoretic models. We also consider the PBH contribution to the mass density of the universe, and use the experimental data to impose bounds on the string theory parameters.

- by Matthew J . Lake
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- Dark Matter, String Theory, High Energy Physics, Mathematical Sciences
- by Kei-ichi Maeda
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- Quantum Physics, Unified Field Theory, Black Hole, Primordial Black Hole

We study the possibility of reheating the universe through the evaporation of primordial black holes created at the end of inflation. This is shown to allow for the unification of inflation with dark matter or dark energy, or both, under the dynamics of a single scalar field. We determine the necessary conditions to recover the standard big bang by the time of nucleosynthesis after reheating through black holes.

- by Juan Hidalgo
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- Quantum Physics, High Energy Astrophysics, Dark Matter, Quantum Cosmology

The capture of cold dark matter species, and especially primordial black holes, during the formation of gravitationally bound objects is analyzed. It is shown that the best conditions for an efficient gravitational capture were at the epoch preceding the galaxy formation, when the first astrophysical objects with masses of the order of Jeans mass 10(5-10^6 Msun) were forming. Black hole

- by Philip Argyres and +1
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- Particle Physics, Dark Matter, Gravitational Lensing, Standard Model
- by Michael Daniel
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- Particle Physics, Early Universe, Cosmology, Standard Model
- by Markus Wagner
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- Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, SETI, Primordial Black Hole
- by Tania Regimbau
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- Quantum Physics, Data Analysis, Data Management, Magnetic field

We argue that the observed correlations between central black-hole masses M BH and Galactic bulge velocity dispersions σe in the form M BH ∝ σ4 c may witness the pre-Galactic origin of massive black holes. Primordial black holes would be the centres for growing protogalaxies which experienced multiple mergers with ordinary galaxies. This process is accompanied by the merging of black holes in the galactic nuclei.

- by Vyacheslav I Dokuchaev
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- Mathematical Physics, Theoretical Physics, Astrophysics, Astronomy
- by John YR
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- Quantum Physics, Data Analysis, Data Management, Magnetic field

In most cosmological models, primordial black holes (PBHs) should have formed in the early Universe. Their Hawking evaporation into particles could eventually lead to the formation of antideuterium nuclei. This paper is devoted to a first computation of this antideuteron flux. The production of these antinuclei is studied with a simple coalescence scheme, and their propagation in the Galaxy is treated with a well-constrained diffusion model. We compare the resulting primary flux to the secondary background, due to the spallation of protons on the interstellar matter. Antideuterons are shown to be a very sensitive probe for primordial black holes in our Galaxy. The next generation of experiments should allow investigators to significantly improve the current upper limit, nor even provide the first evidence of the existence of evaporating black holes.

- by ilan stefanon
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- Dust (Astronomy & Astrophysics), Black Hole, Primordial Black Hole, Next Generation