Radio wave Propagation Modelling Research Papers (original) (raw)

In this paper, we present a new knife-edge diffraction method based on Bullington method for the terrestrial line-of-sight (LOS) paths. The diffraction loss of our new knife-edge diffraction method is compared with the results obtained from the Delta-Bullington method and the measurement data existing in the literature for sample fixed terrestrial microwave line-of-sight (LOS)/ non line-of-sight (NLOS) radio links. The revised Bullington method is shown to perform significantly better than the Delta-Bullington method for both overland and coastal/overwater radio links.

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- Diffraction, Radio wave Propagation Modelling, Microwave Radio Links

This paper describes the procedure necessary to make a link on the GSM-850 band by Okumura-Hata propagation model, joining two parts of the city of Cordoba, Argentina. We describe the parameters needed for the link calculation and the... more

The demand for accelerated speed, anywhere, and any time connectivity has made wireless communication networks increasingly dense. This has resulted into intense research on how speed of data transfer, security of data, spectrum sharing, and storage of the big data realized can be improved in an efficient way. However the major challenge which has necessitated continuous research progress in the subject is the study of communication path loss and shadowing and how it can be eliminated or lessened to improve the channels involved. This paper will perform experiments on radio propagation models, ray tracing models and perform its simulations in Matlab, as well as provide a review of the various path loss models. The simulation results obtained indicated that when the receiver far away from the transmitter, the signal begins to be weaker and weaker until it is lost. However if the receiver will move away from a closer base station, and while the signal is weakening, it encounters another base station, the two base stations performs a handshake and the signal will start gaining strength.

A MATLAB-based one-way and two-way split-step parabolic equation software tool (PETOOL) has been developed with a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) for the analysis and visualization of radio-wave propagation over variable terrain and through homogeneous and inhomogeneous atmosphere. The tool has a unique feature over existing one-way parabolic equation (PE)-based codes, because it utilizes the two-way split-step parabolic equation (SSPE) approach with wide-angle propagator, which is a recursive forward–backward algorithm to incorporate both forward and backward waves into the solution in the presence of variable terrain. First, the formulation of the classical one-way SSPE and the relatively-novel two-way SSPE is presented, with particular emphasis on their capabilities and the limitations. Next, the structure and the GUI capabilities of the PETOOL software tool are discussed in detail. The calibration of PETOOL is performed and demonstrated via analytical comparisons and/or representative canonical tests performed against the Geometric Optic (GO) + Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD). The tool can be used for research and/or educational purposes to investigate the effects of a variety of user-defined terrain and range-dependent refractivity profiles in electromagnetic wave propagation.Program title: PETOOL (Parabolic Equation Toolbox)Catalogue identifier: AEJS_v1_0Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEJS_v1_0.htmlProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queenʼs University, Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.htmlNo. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 143 349No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 23 280 251Distribution format: tar.gzProgramming language: MATLAB (MathWorks Inc.) 2010a. Partial Differential Toolbox and Curve Fitting Toolbox requiredComputer: PCOperating system: Windows XP and VistaClassification: 10Nature of problem: Simulation of radio-wave propagation over variable terrain on the Earthʼs surface, and through homogeneous and inhomogeneous atmosphere.Solution method: The program implements one-way and two-way Split-Step Parabolic Equation (SSPE) algorithm, with wide-angle propagator. The SSPE is, in general, an initial-value problem starting from a reference range (typically from an antenna), and marching out in range by obtaining the field along the vertical direction at each range step, through the use of step-by-step Fourier transformations. The two-way algorithm incorporates the backward-propagating waves into the standard one-way SSPE by utilizing an iterative forward–backward scheme for modeling multipath effects over a staircase-approximated terrain.Unusual features: This is the first software package implementing a recursive forward–backward SSPE algorithm to account for the multipath effects during radio-wave propagation, and enabling the user to easily analyze and visualize the results of the two-way propagation with GUI capabilities.Running time: Problem dependent. Typically, it is about 1.5 ms (for conducting ground) and 4 ms (for lossy ground) per range step for a vertical field profile of vector length 1500, on Intel Core 2 Duo 1.6 GHz with 2 GB RAM under Windows Vista.► A MATLAB-based tool (PETOOL) is introduced with a user-friendly interface. ► One- and two-way split-step parabolic equation (SSPE) algorithms are implemented. ► The tool can handle both forward and backward waves in radio-wave propagation. ► Arbitrary terrain and atmosphere profiles can easily be defined. ► Validation, verification and calibration are performed by numerical tests.

- by Gokhan APAYDIN and +2
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- Computational Electromagnetics, Matlab, Radio wave Propagation Modelling, Parabolic Wave Equation

Fundamental concepts in radio propagation and application to the design of point-to-point radio links and networks. Basic level is addressed to a single hop design (free space propagation, link budget, profile analysis, obstructions and reflections, multipath and rain fading; the most usual propagation models are introduced. Advanced level gives a more detailed treatment of additional topics; it covers RF planning, interference, passive repeaters, ITU performance objectives and in-depth propagation modeling.

In recent years the demand for high throughput and low latency communication grew up to the point where the current wireless networks cannot satisfy it. In response to that the research community started exploring new ways of utilizing the spectrum. This effort resulted in the 5G New Radio (NR) technology bringing together the legacy 4G technologies with new ones such as Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC) and Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB). A major role in 5G NR landscape is dedicated to the communications in millimeter Wave (mmWave) frequency band, which can provide multi-gigabit throughputs and very low latency. To fully unleash the potential of mmWave, the innovations on all layers of the protocol stack are required. As the discrete-event network simulation is essential way for cross-layer end-to-end modelling and performance analysis, this paper brings results of our contribution to the well-known full-stack mmWave module of the Network Simulator 3. In this work, we propose an NYUSIM model enhancement, which allows users to accurately model attenuation of different materials. This enables users to create more accurate simulations in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) environment and therefore increase the network throughput.

El trabajo consta de 2 grandes líneas, en una primer etapa define y explica los fenómenos que afectan a la propagación de las ondas de radio y los principales modelos de predicción de radio frecuencia utilizados en las bandas de telefonía móvil; en la segunda etapa se realizan mediciones de nivel de señal para verificar los errores cometidos con los diferentes modelos presentados.

- by Ozlem Ozgun
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- Computational Electromagnetics, Matlab, Electromagnetic Waves, Mathematical Sciences

Today, through the monitoring of agronomic variables, the wireless sensor networks are playing an increasingly important role in precision agriculture. Among the emerging technologies used to develop prototypes related to wireless sensor network, we find the Arduino platform and XBee radio modules from the DIGI Company. In this article, based on field tests, we conducted a comparative analysis of received strength signal intensity levels, calculation of path loss with ''log-normal shadowing'' and free-space path loss models. In addition, we measure packet loss for different transmission, distances and environments with respect to an ''Arduino Mega'' board, and radio modules XBee PRO S1 and XBee Pro S2. The tests for the packet loss and received strength signal intensity level show the best performance for the XBee Pro S2 in the indoor, outdoor, and rural scenarios.

- by Elkin Ramirez-Cerpa and +3
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- WSN (Wireless sensor network), RSSI, Radio wave Propagation Modelling, Xbee Wireless Communication

This work presents a performance analysis among different propagation models to estimate path loss on the wireless channel for communication systems in conformance with IEEE 802.16-2009 WirelessMAN Fixed OFDM. We developed and implemented a simulator using Matlab®, this simulator considers the channel losses and reflects their effects on the physical layer. The system implementation considers different types of modulations and coding rates defined in the standard. The program allows obtaining results about path loss, transmitting power as a function of BER, and transmitting power as a function of Eb/No. The channel considers losses produced by the wireless medium with shadowing, and an AWGN channel described by a standard deviation obtained from the Eb/No produced by the transmit power. We compared Yon Soo Cho, SUI and Free Space models at 3.5 GHz to obtain the bit error probability. We determined Yon Soo Cho model shows better results for rural areas than SUI model.

- by Roman Lara
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- IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), Radio wave Propagation Modelling

In this paper, we propose a new method of channel estimation for asynchronous additive white Gaussian noise channels in satellite communications. This method is based on signals correlation and multiuser interference cancellation which adopts a successive structure. Propagation delays and signals amplitudes are jointly estimated in order to be used for data detection at the receiver. As, a multiuser detector, a single stage successive interference cancellation (SIC) architecture is analyzed and integrated to the channel estimation technique and the whole system is evaluated. The satellite access method adopted is the direct sequence code division multiple access (DS CDMA) one. To evaluate the channel estimation and the detection technique, we have simulated a satellite uplink with an asynchronous multiuser access.

This paper aims at providing a performances comparison of different High Data Rate Telemetry (HDRT) solutions dedicated to high data volume downloading. Links in X and Ka bands are considered in order to fulfill the future missions needs such as Earth Observation. Considering the expected wide data amount to be downloaded for these missions embedded on satellites in Low Earth Orbits, LEO Direct To Earth solutions have been considered for this comparative study.

- by Jean-luc Issler and +1
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- Antennas & Radio Wave Propagation, RF Propagation, Satellite Technology, Spacecraft Engineering

Researchers have always been in favor of path loss calculation in different media for applications such as telecommunication link design. Wave propagation calculations in large spaces using the FDTD method is time-consuming and imposes a great computational burden. For this reason, to replace the classical FDTD method for wave propagation simulation and path loss calculation in large spaces, optimized methods, namely TDWP, have been provided. In this paper, the use of the TDWP method for wave propagation simulation and path loss calculation above a terrain is investigated. Longitudinal components of ground-waves are taken into account (including direct waves, ground reflections, and surface waves). Propagation space is longitudinally divided into smaller FDTD windows with finite length. The electromagnetic pulse travels through these windows from left to right to the desired point. But despite its capability in reducing computational burden and increasing processing speed, TDWP has lower precision in instantaneous field simulation and calculation of propagation coefficients, so that results obtained from FDTD and TDWP are clearly different. In this paper, some efficient methods are proposed, which yield an increase in method accuracy.

- by Amir hossein Nazeri and +1
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- Numerical Simulations, Antennas & Radio Wave Propagation, Numerical Modeling, Modeling

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have been one of the promising technology that has a great interest attention from many researchers over the world. Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) communications environment as a part of ITS opens the way for a wide range of applications such as safety applications, mobility and connectivity for both driver and passengers to exploit the transport systems in a smoothly, efficiently and safer way. Several challenging tasks facing adopting VANET functionality for ITS such as modelling of wireless transmission and routing issues. These research issues have become more critical due to the high mobility of vehicles nodes (transmitters and receivers) and unexpected network topology due to the high speed of nodes. In fact, modelling radio propagation channel in VANET environment which considers as one of a stringent communications environment is a challenging task. The selection of a suitable transmission model plays a key role in the routing decisions for VANET. Different propagation models allow calculating the Received Signal Strength (RSS) based on key environmental properties such as the distance between transmitter vehicle and a receiver vehicle, the gain and antenna height of transmitter and a receiver vehicles. Hence, it is useful to calculate RSS and SNR values for a specific propagation model and then these values can be used later for routing decision in order to find the best path with high SNR. This paper evaluates the performance of different transmission models (free-space, two-ray and log-normal) in terms of Receive Signal Strength (RSS). In addition, the performance of such wireless transmission models for vehicular communication in terms of PDR, throughput and delay is evaluated by applying the proposed cross layer routing approach based on IEEE 802.11p. By using MATLAB, the obtained results confirm the best packet delivery ratio for our proposed approach, where it indicates poor quality of DSSS PHY with high number vehicles. The minimum delay achieved when traffic density is decreased. K EYWORDS VANET, Radio Propagation Model, RSS, Cross-layer, FHSS, DSSS, IEEE 802.11p.

A novel two-way finite-element parabolic equation (PE) (2W-FEMPE) propagation model which handles both forward and backward scattering effects of the groundwave propagation above the Earth's surface over irregular terrain paths through inhomogeneous atmosphere is introduced. A Matlab-based propagation tool for 2W-FEMPE is developed and tested against mathematical exact and asymptotic solutions as well as the recently introduced two-way split-step PE model through a canonical validation, verification, and calibration process for the first time in literature.

One of the most important factors in evaluating the performance of routing protocols in MANET is the variation in received signal strength known as fading. Different types of routing protocols have been proposed based on the propagation models that neglect the effect of fading. The choice of propagation models have a great impact on performance, so realistic models are necessary to consider the effect of fading as far as an accurate analysis of performance of the routing protocols is concerned. In this paper, comparative analysis of proactive protocol is performed using NS2, in order to study the impact of propagation model with various topologies. The non-fading models such as free space and two ray ground are simulated for comparison. The simulation results show that the propagation models have a great role in routing protocol of MANET.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Routing protocols, NS2, Manet, Radio wave Propagation Modelling
- by Ozlem Ozgun
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- Computational Electromagnetics, Matlab, Electromagnetic Waves, Mathematical Sciences
- by Levent Sevgi and +2
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- Computational Electromagnetics, Matlab, Electromagnetic Waves, Mathematical Sciences

Today, through the monitoring of agronomic variables, the wireless sensor networks are playing an increasingly important role in precision agriculture. Among the emerging technologies used to develop prototypes related to wireless sensor network, we find the Arduino platform and XBee radio modules from the DIGI Company. In this article, based on field tests, we conducted a comparative analysis of received strength signal intensity levels, calculation of path loss with “log-normal shadowing” and free-space path loss models. In addition, we measure packet loss for different transmission, distances and environments with respect to an “Arduino Mega” board, and radio modules XBee PRO S1 and XBee Pro S2. The tests for the packet loss and received strength signal intensity level show the best performance for the XBee Pro S2 in the indoor, outdoor, and rural scenarios.

- by Gokhan APAYDIN and +1
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- Geophysics, Finite Element Methods, Atmospheric Modeling, Computational Electromagnetics