Stalin and Stalinism Research Papers (original) (raw)

2025, Rittersporn, Gábor T.; Rolf, Malte; Behrends, Jan C. (Hrsg.): Sphären von Öffentlichkeit in Gesellschaften sowjetischen Typs. Zwischen partei-staatlicher Selbstinszenierung und kirchlichen Gegenwelten. Frankfurt/M. u.a.: Peter Lang/Frankfurt am Main 2002. ISBN: 3-631- 38327-4; 457 S.

2025, Yale University Press eBooks

2025, Wschodnioznawstwo,

Shortly following the recapture of the Crimean peninsula from German occupation in 1944, the Stalin regime decided to forcibly remove the Crimean Tatar population to Uzbekistan. This decision was officially made on 11 V 1944 and carried out on 18-20 V 1944. The NKVD rounded up close to 200,000 Crimean Tatars during those three days and sent them by train eastward towards Central Asia. Uzbekistan remained the destination for the vast majority of the deportees. More than 150,000 Crimean Tatar deportees arrived in Uzbekistan in the summer of 1944. The Soviet government resettled over a third of these men, women, and children in Tashkent Oblast outside of the capital city of the republic. In Uzbekistan the NKVD initially settled most of these deportees on kolkhozes and sovkhozes to work as agricultural workers. Malaria, malnutrition, and other maladies claimed the lives of tens of thousands of Crimean Tatar lives during their first couple of years in Uzbekistan. These deadly material conditions convinced many Crimean Tatars to subsequently go find jobs in mines, factories, and constructions sites where they could get better access to medicine and food. The Soviet authorities sent around another 30,000 Crimean Tatars to the Urals and other regions of the R.S.F.S.R. In the Urals the NKVD employed the deported Crimean Tatars in forestry work felling trees. The Soviet government placed the Crimean Tatars both in Uzbekistan and the Urals under special settlement restrictions confining them to their new places of residence and work until 28 IV 1956. Even after this date, however, they were not allowed to return home. This article is on their material and legal conditions from 18 V 1944 until 28 IV 1956, a period of 12 years that had a traumatic and long lasting effect upon the national development of the Crimean Tatars. The source base for this article consists mostly of archival documents from the State Archives of the Russian Federation (GARF). Some of these I had access to directly while others are reproduced in published document collections.

2025, Lukács Jahrbuch 2021-2023

Das diesjährige Jahrbuch widmet sich selbstverständlich vor allem dem Zentenarium von Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein. Im dokumentarischen Teil des Jahrbuchs werden zwei Texte abgedruckt, die kurz und prägnant die überaus schwierige Situation des Verfassers des philosophischen Jahrhundert werks in der kommunistischen Bewegung verdeutlichen. Andreas Arndt, Nikos Foufas und Gregor Schäfer gehen dem noch immer unterbelichteten Verhältnis Lukács’ zur klassischen deutschen Philosophie am Beispiel von Hegel und Fichte auf den Grund. Christian Lotz, der – wie auch Lauschke – die Engführung der Rezeption auf den großen Verdinglichungsessay überwinden möchte, untersucht in seinem dichten Text Lukács’ in seinem Essay „Was ist orthodoxer Marxismus“ skizziertes Methodenprogramm und macht es in Konfrontation mit Hart mut Rosa als wichtigen Beitrag zur Grundlegung einer kritischen Gesellschaftstheorie heute stark. Wie Lotz neue Pfade der Rezeption intendierend, artikuliert Lukas Meisners Beitrag „Liquid Reification: A Lukácsian update beyond domestication“ eine interessante Reformulierung von Lukács’ Kon zept der Verdinglichung, während Christopher Wimmer wohl erstmalig E. P. Thompsons Erfahrungsbegriff und Lukács Praxisphilosophie mitei nander konfrontiert. Im Dialog zwischen Mihály Vajda und Rüdiger Dannemann über Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein und die Budapester Schule wird nachgefragt, wie der Verfasser seinen letzten ungarischen Schülerinnen und Schülern sein opus magnum vermittelte bzw. hartnäckig vorenthielt. Darüber hinaus setzen wir unsere Reihe mit Publikationen zur weltweiten Lukács-Rezeption fort, diesmal mit Beiträgen von André Brandão zum Auf und Ab der in der Summe sehr bemerkenswerten „Lukács-Rezeption in Brasilien“ und Francisco García Chicote / Faustino Chirino zu „Lukács in Argentinien“. Wie Lotz betont Brandão, dass es sich im Falle von Lukács’ „orthodoxem Marxismus“ nicht um eine Art sektiererischen Dogmatismus handelt, sondern um eine „Forschungsmethode, die Kategorien zu formu lieren versucht, die es uns ermöglichen, im Verständnis des zeitgenössischen sozialen Lebens voranzukommen“. Holger Politt berichtet über die polnische Edition von Gelebtes Denken und Jean-Pierre Morbois äußert sich in einem sehr persönlich gehaltenen Beitrag zur endlich vorliegenden französischen Übersetzung der Eigenart des Ästhetischen. Einen Blick zurück auf die viel beachtete Berliner Konferenz anlässlich des 50. Todestags von Georg Lukács.

2025, Вестник Пермского университета. История. 2025. N 2(69). С.5–16

This paper examines the five-year period of Russian rule in East Prussia during the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), analyzing this episode within the broader contexts of early modern European military occupations and Rus-sia’s imperial integration policies in the Baltic provinces. The occupation regime’s practices were shaped by utilitari-an wartime objectives: securing contributions, ensuring logistical support, establishing a stable rear base for the army, and maintaining local loyalty all of which were ultimately achieved. Drawing on previously unused documents from the Russian Archive of Ancient Acts, the Manuscripts Department of the Russian National Library, and the Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg –complemented by Prussian personal testimonies –the article reconstructs the ‘Russian era’ in Königsberg and East Prussia from multiple perspectives. It traces the formation and structure of the Russian imperial administration while also highlighting long-term integration strategies applied across the north-western periphery of the Russian Empire. The ‘Russian era’ of East Prussia is presented not as a random episode of an unsuccessful war, but as an example of the realisation of such strategies. The evidence reveals a transition from military occupation to domination, including the adaptation of the Ostsee model –a system of indirect rule via agreements with local corporations. The study emphasizes the collaborative rolesof the imperial center, military au-thorities, and Baltic German elites, who served as intermediaries for St. Petersburg’s policies.

2025, 3. International British Congress on Interdisciplinary Scientific Research and Practices, London/UK: (June 5-8, 2025), (edited by Dawid Wortley), (ISBN - 979-8-89695-096-7), Liberty Academic Publishers, New York, USA, 2025, pp. 74-82.

The present study examines what both Soviet citizens and the world public opinion know about the Soviet famine of 1933. The famine of 1933 is the most serious consequence of the Soviet policy of collectivisation. The famine, which started... more

2025

“Jana Hensel‟in Romanlarında Kara Eğitim” adlı bu çalışmada gerek psikolojik, gerekse fiziksel şiddet ve baskıyla şekillenen eğitim politikası anlatılmaktadır. “Kara eğitim” olarak adlandırılan bu eğitim metodu, genel itibariyle diktatör... more

2025, Ежеквартальный историко-краеведческом альманах «Копыл», №4 (48)

В статье на основе метрических книг станицы Славянской с 1876 г., записей ЗАГСа по 1925 г., территории старого кладбища г. Славянска-на-Кубани, рассматриваются данные о смертности первых жителей станицы.

2025, Ноябрьские чтения-2021: Сборник статей по итогам XIII Всероссийской конференции студентов, аспирантов и молодых ученых. Санкт-Петербург, 19–21 ноября 2021 г.

Малюченко Д. А. Преобразования военной юстиции в первой половине 1930–х гг. (на примере военной прокуратуры Морсил Балтийского моря) // Ноябрьские чтения-2021: Сборник статей по итогам XIII Всероссийской конференции студентов, аспирантов... more

2025, Journal de Ética & Cine

El presente trabajo apunta a reflexionar sobre la apuesta ética y estética de Win Wenders por el silencio a partir de su film Perfect days (2023). Una película que plantea un pasado donde no hablar-como figura potencial del silencio-prometería días perfectos. Se toma el recurso barthesiano para ceñir al silencio en una figura: la de no hablar, como así también la orientación de Jacques Lacan para quien el acto de callarse no libera al sujeto del lenguaje. Se desarrolla asimismo la ética del silencio en relación a la práctica del psicoanálisis, la cual enseña que hablar es fallar, pero también es callar. Y vale la pena intentar, cada vez, fallar mejor.

2025, Journal of the Belarusian State University. History

The modern historical policy of Ukraine and the Russia is analysed. The study uses the methodology of historical memory studies, specifically, research of historical consciousness, collective and historical memory. The methodology is based on the analysis of a situation when ideas about the past as national history depend on the mentality and goal setting of a particular social, national or other group. The object of the study is the modern socio-political situation in Ukraine and Russia associated with the understanding and assessment of the famine of 1932–1933 both in the Soviet Union as a whole, and in Ukraine in particular. The authors consider the modern memorial culture of the two nations, highlight issues of regional and national identity and the formation of myths of national memory as central issues in the paper. The transformation of memorial practices and the legal framework of the Russia and Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union is considered. The authors arrive...

2025

The article analyzes the historiographical direction "Social History of Stalinism" in the publications of Russian and Belarusian researchers. It is proposed an overview of the use of the term "Stalinism" in the Russian historiography. It compares the ratio of Marxist theory and the practice of socialism in the Soviet Union. The analysis of the Russian-language historiography of Stalinism abroad in the XX–XXI centuries draws attention to the influence of the English-language historiography on the Russian and Belarusian researchers. It explains the importance of "social history" to understand the Stalinist period of Soviet history. Having to replace the concept of totalitarianism, this area has allowed researchers to shift attention from the Soviet leadership to the broad social strata. The Stalinism methodology is studied and how it can be applied to other countries and other historical periods. This allowed a more accurate picture of the life of Soviet ...

2025

Inventing the Enemy uses stories of personal relationships to explore the behaviour of ordinary people during Stalin's terror. Communist Party leaders strongly encouraged ordinary citizens and party members to 'unmask the hidden enemy' and people responded by flooding the secret police and local authorities with accusations. By 1937, every workplace was convulsed by hyper-vigilance, intense suspicion and the hunt for hidden enemies. Spouses, co-workers, friends and relatives disavowed and denounced each other. People confronted hideous dilemmas. Forced to lie to protect loved ones, they struggled to reconcile political imperatives and personal loyalties. Workplaces were turned into snake pits. The strategies that people used to protect themselves - naming names, pre-emptive denunciations, and shifting blame - all helped to spread the terror. Inventing the Enemy, a history of the terror in five Moscow factories, explores personal relationships and individual behaviour wit...

2025, Canadian-American Slavic studies =

2025, Technology and Culture

Jonathan Coopersmith teaches the history of technology and European history at Texas A&M University. He was an IREXer in Moscow in 1985-86 where, as an Azerbaijani explained to him, he must be a CIA spy because why else would an American learn Russian and live in the Soviet Union if not to spy on it. He originally delivered this essay as an address at a conference on "Intelligentsia: Russian and Soviet Science on the World Stage, 1860-1960" at the University of Georgia, Athens, in October 2004. He thanks Michael Gordin, Paul Josephson, Sonja Schmidt, and Asif Siddiqi for their comments toward revising it for publication.

2025

Архитектура Кёнигсберга XVIII в. остаётся малоизученной в современном архитектуроведении, по многим причинам, одна из которых — практически полное отсутствие памятников этого времени в настоящем. Для Восточной Пруссии и Кёнигсберга, в... more

2025

Διπλωματική Μεταπτυχιακή Εργασία για το ΠΜΣ στην Ιστορική Έρευνα στη Σύγχρονη Ιστορία του Τμήματος Ιστορίας και Αρχαιλογίας της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής του ΑΠΘ

2025

Demnach bestand das Leben der Menschen aus einem ewigen Kampf. Allerdings nicht aus einem Kampf der Klassen, wie die Marxisten verkündeten, sondern aus dem Kampf der Rassen. Diese seien nicht nur von ihrem Wesen her verschieden, sondern auch von ihrem Wert. Die edelste Rasse sei der nordische bzw. "arische" Mensch. Sein Todfeind seien die Juden, denn sie seien genetisch zum Bösen veranlagt. Mit der Oktoberrevolution, so glaubten die Nationalsozialisten, seien 1917 in Russland die Juden an die Macht gekommen. "Der Bolschewismus", so heißt es in einer Schulungsschrift der NSDAP, "ist das Instrument des Weltjudentums, durch das dieses die alttestamentliche Verheißung von der Weltherrschaft der Juden wahrmachen will." Der zweite Grundpfeiler der NS-Ideologie hieß Lebensraum. Seit dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts glaubten selbst renommierte Geopolitiker, es könne im Völkerleben keinen Stillstand geben. Ein Staat müsse von seiner Fläche und Bevölkerungszahl entweder wachsen oder er sei zum Untergang verurteilt. Hitler fasste diese Vorstellung in "Mein Kampf" in dem berühmten Satz zusammen: "Deutschland wird entweder Weltmacht oder überhaupt nicht sein." Für die scheinbar notwendige deutsche Expansion sah Hitler nur ein Ziel: die Sowjetunion. Erstens war diese durch Revolution und jahrelangen Bürgerkrieg in den 1920er-Jahren wirtschaftlich zerrüttet. Zweitens hielt Hitler vor allem die fruchtbaren Gebiete der Ukraine für das ideale Siedlungsland künftiger deutscher Generationen. Drittens betrachtete er die Slawen entsprechend der Rassentheorie als minderwertig und glaubte, sie seien nicht fähig, die wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Möglichkeiten ihres Landes auszunutzen. Für das überbesiedelte Deutsche Reich schienen die westlichen Randstaaten der Sowjetunion ein Eldorado zu sein, das man sich nur holen müsse.

2025

The role which ideology has played in the formation of Russian and American foreign policy was the impetus for this project. Soviet-American diplomacy during the period 1941 to 1946 became the focus of the study after several projects pointed to the role that ideology played in the relationship between Russia and America during the years 1945 to 1947. After discovering the role which ideology played, it became necessary to find the origins of such a role, as well as the felt necessity by each nation to implement ideology into the formation of its policy. The origins of each nation1s ideology led to the discovery of traditions in the way each nation conducted its foreign relationships. These traditions go beyond ideology, although ideology is often a part of the tradition. After a close evaluation of each nation's history in the formation of foreign relationships, the tradition was identified. It was found that Russia, and later the Soviet Union, had a tradition of conventional European power politics; its policy during the war years was based on its own national interests and maintaining the global status quo in its favor. The American tradition was more complicated; although interested in preserving the global status quo in its favor, the American tradition also involved spreading justice and democracy throughout the world, thereby changing the status quo. The American tradition also involved convincing the American public to accept Washington's foreign policy decisions, doing whatever was necessary to gain approval. The American and Russian traditions proved to be incompatible during the years of the Grand Alliance. Roosevelt tried to bridge the gap between the two traditions, but he did not succeed. His successors were left with the problem of balancing the power of Europe and containing the Soviet Union in a way that was compatible with the American tradition. The origins of containment can be found in these two traditions and Roosevelt's attempt to bridge the gap between Soviet power politics and America's quest to assure its national interests through the establishment of democratic capitalism. ii To Steven and Ethel May, who kept me going The tradition of all past generations weighs like an Alp upon the brain of the living. -Karl Marx 18th Brumaire (1852) Tradition is a great retarding force, the vis inertiae of history, -Friedrich Engels Socialism, Utopian and Scientific (1891) The effigies and splendors of tradition are not meant to cramp the energies or the development of a vigorous and various nation. They are not meant to hold in mortmain the proper territory of human intelligence and righteous aspiration. They live and teach their lessons in our annals, they have their own worshippers and shrines, but the earth is not theirs nor the fulness thereof.

2025, Цыганов Д. М. Госбезопасность превыше всего: Тайная полиция и культурная жизнь СССР в Свете «архивной контрреволюции» // Новое литературное обозрение. 2025. № 3 (193). С. 364–373.

Госбезопасность превыше всего: Тайная полиция и культурная жизнь СССР в Свете «архивной контрреволюции». [Рец. на:] The Secret Police and the Soviet System: New Archival Investigations / Ed. by M. David-Fox. Pittsburgh: University of... more

2025, Цыганов Д. М. [Обзор на:] Международная конференция «Советская многонациональная литература как имперская практика» (Дрезденский университет, Венецианский университет Ка-Фоскари, 24–25 октября 2024 года) // Новое литературное обозрение. 2025. № 3 (193). С. 402–416.

Обзор на Международную конференцию «Советская многонациональная литература как имперская практика» (Дрезденский университет, Венецианский университет Ка-Фоскари, 24–25 октября 2024 года).

2025, Web of Humanities: Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities

The successful implementation of economic, political, and socio-cultural transformations outlined by the 26th Party Congress and subsequent plenary sessions of the CPSU Central Committee was inextricably linked with the improvement of the political system of a developed socialist society, an integral element of which was the Soviet state of the whole people, its entire political mechanism. The need for an intensive study of this problem of socialist statehood is determined by the role of the Soviet state of the whole people as the main instrument for improving developed socialism, building communism and protecting the socialist state. In the conditions of mature socialism, the importance of the mechanism of the people's state, the coordinated work and the clear interaction of all its components increased, which is a necessary condition for the effective, targeted activity of the state in the post-Soviet space in all spheres of public life, the successful fulfilment of its tasks and functions. Objectives: The purpose and main tasks of the study are to consider the role of Soviet national statehood in the formation and development of socialist nations and nationalities, their socialist national culture in regions that have passed the capitalist stage of development. To try to analyze the cultural connection and continuity in the regional policy of the Soviet multinational state, its aspect in various new aspects of the life of these peoples and the leader of the unanimity of the international and national in the spiritual life of socialist nations as a factor in the formation of a person free from parochialism, the remnants of nationalism and chauvinism. Methods: In writing this article, general scientific methods were used such as retrospective analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, deduction, and comparative studies. Results: The Union Republic is not only a state form of organization of the nation, but also its main tool in the construction of a new society. The role of the Union Republic, its experience and features, the main directions and results of development during the period of building a mature socialist society should be theoretically generalized and assessed by legal science for the purpose of further improvement of socialist statehood and increasing the effectiveness of its impact on social development. Conclusions: Soviet national statehood, from its inception to the present stage of its development, is called upon to serve the international tasks of the working people. If at the first stages of its development the maximum satisfaction of national needs and consolidation of the nation prevailed, then in the new conditions all aspects of the life of the inhabitants of a given republic, regardless of their nationality, come to the fore. However, the problems of

2025, University of California Press

Sounds of Survival tells a story of unexpected musical continuity across some of the twentieth century's most cataclysmic events. It examines an integrated Polish and Polish Jewish musical community as its members contended with antisemitism in the 1930s, attempted to survive the Nazi occupation, and established a renewed musical culture amid the ashes of World War II and the Holocaust. Reconstructing these musicians' lives from the 1920s into the 1950s, J. Mackenzie Pierce argues that despite nearly unimaginable violence, many Polish musicians treated the war as a time of reinvention and cultural preservation. Their faith that music was a source of cultural continuity, however, also marginalized experiences of wartime loss, especially those of Jewish victims and survivors of the Holocaust. Sounds of Survival not only reveals that the Holocaust was a central event within modern Polish musical culture; it also shows why its musical aftermath has been difficult to hear.

2025, The Journal of Modern History

In November 1952, former General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia Rudolf Slánský and thirteen other prominent Communist Party leaders underwent a widely publicized political trial. Slánský featured as the alleged ringleader of a conspiracy of “Trotskyist-Titoist Zionists, bourgeois-nationalist traitors” working on behalf of “American imperialists.” Following the trial, eleven of the fourteen defendants, among them Slánský, were hanged and the ashes of their bodies strewn along a road leading out of Prague. The remaining three received life sentences. Eleven of the original fourteen defendants, the prosecutor declared, were “of Jewish origin.” Up to now, the surprisingly sparse scholarship on the Slánský trial has argued that Slánský’s November 1951 arrest, as well as the antisemitic tone of the trial, were engineered primarily by Soviet advisors and Joseph Stalin himself. This article, which draws upon previously ignored archival materials in the former Soviet Union and a fresh, post–Cold War reading of archival materials in today’s Czech Republic, argues instead that local dynamics within the Czechoslovak Communist Party were paramount. Specifically, it focuses on how and why Czechoslovak Communist members denounced one another to Soviet officials, and how these denunciations laid the groundwork for Slánský’s downfall while breaking the previous taboo within the party on antisemitic rhetoric. It thus reveals much about the nature of the Czechoslovak-Soviet relationship, as well as relationships between other countries of Communist Eastern Europe and Moscow, before Stalin’s death in 1953—relationships that were not as one-sided as many scholars and others beyond academia often assume.

2025

The Lives of Soviet Secret Agents: Religion and Police Surveillance in the USSR explores the covert world of secret police surveillance within the Soviet Union, delving into lesser-known grassroots religious life and the collusion of religious communities with the Soviet secret police. These case studies come from Ukraine, Latvia, Kazakhstan, and Russia, spanning from the Central Black-Earth region to the Bashkir and Udmurt regions. This book reconstructs the stories of insider agents, focusing on the entanglements and ambiguities of collaboration and secret police surveillance in the Soviet era. These are the stories of the resilience and creative agency of religious believers in times when their faith in God was considered a legal offense. These issues are addressed through an in-depth analysis of previously untapped archival sources from the Soviet secret police archives and eyewitness testimonies.

2025

Society Sokol was established in 1862, in Prague, under the leadership of Miroslav Tyrš (1832-1884 /writer, art scientist, doctor of philosophy). Further, similar societies were established in many countries... In analogy of Czech Sokol on August 25, 1918 Giorgi Nikoladze (1888-1931 /mathematician, metallurgist, athlete) in Tbilisi founded the Shevardeni Society (“Shevardeni” means falkon in Georgian).
The society with such name has not formed “from nothing”; it is regarded that in 1900, in Tiflis (pre-1936 name of Tbilisi) there was officially registered the Gymnastic Society which, in 1907, was permitted to take name Sokol (Сокол). In 1882, in Moscow, there was developed the charter of the gymnastics society and further, in 1883, it was adopted. In 1907 this society was also permitted to take name Sokol. At National Archives of Georgia, there is preserved the document – charter of the gymnastics society in Russian language, approved by the head of Caucasian central administration, General-Lieutenant Staroselski on 18 March 1881. As Shevardeni was established on the basis of its preceding organizations, all above provides grounds to offer the question, whether it should be regarded that the history of Shevardeni and generally, Sokol movement in Tsarist Russia commenced in 1881 and this occurred in Tbilisi. Charter adopted in the mentioned year in Georgia, possibly does not evidence the fact that the gymnastics society has commenced extensive activities in 1881, but the fact of existence of the charter indicates that this society since that time already existed officially, it was engaged in exercising and in 1900 it commenced extensive practical activities..
Our work expresses the opinion that, in general, in Tsarist Russia the history of the creation at the high governmental level of the Gymnastics Society also began in Tbilisi in 1881.
The article contains illustrations with the postcards created for Prague festivals; here are also the pictures by Georgian painter, Valerian Sidamon-Eristavi, depicting Georgian sports garments specially designed for Shevardeni.

2025, Nationalities Papers

While historical narratives of the communist legitimation of power in Yugoslavia have often marginalized perspectives of lesser-known civil servants, this study highlights the crucial role of Dr. Rudolf Bićanić, a renowned Yugoslav economist. Departing from the diplomatic, foreign political, and military perspectives when investigating the Yugoslav émigré government actions, this article explores the ideas espoused, networks created, and actions performed by Bićanić across diverse transnational settings. Bićanić's lens as a vice-governor of the Yugoslav National Bank demonstrates that the debates regarding the future social and economic policies shaped the transition process between the two Yugoslav states. Driven by a mission to enhance peasant living conditions in Yugoslavia, Bićanić embarked on a brief yet impactful governmental career from 1941 to 1945. The article posits that Bićanić's anti-government propaganda disseminated through the United Committee of South Slavs and his financial malversations led to the transfer of economic and political legitimacy over Yugoslavia in April 1944 to the National Liberation Council. With this action, Bićanić accelerated the signing of the Tito-Šubašić agreement in June 1944, which empowered him to negotiate the postwar reconstruction aid and loans in Washington, DC, carving a unique path for Yugoslavia between socialism and capitalism.

2025, Academic Book Publishing - acad.ge

Academic Book Publishing, 2025, 190 p. ISBN: 9789941993671 Alexander (Alyosha) Svanidze (1884–1941) - Assyriologist, orientalist, historian, economist, financier, public figure, an extremely educated, aristocratic, intelligent... more

2025, Argumentum.al

What is often presented as an internal conflict is frequently orchestrated by external forces, where geopolitical rivalries and foreign intelligence operations drive significant change. Albania’s tumultuous history under and after Enver Hoxha serves as a compelling case study, offering insights into contemporary events, such as the Israeli military action against Iran on June 13, 2025.

2025, Submitted in 2013

2025, HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)

Les photographies sont extraites du fonds iconographique des archives André Marty du Centre d'histoire sociale du XX e siècle. Ce fonds est consultable sur la base de données Archiv@voir -accessible à partir de l'adresse web : Conception graphique et fabrication : Sylvie Le Dantec. Codhos (Collectif des centres de documentation en histoire ouvrière et sociale) Siège social : 5, rue Las Cases,

2025, Arsenale- Officina di contributi marxisti N° 1 15.6.25

Il saggio segue il percorso della formazione intellettuale di Stalin dalla scuola parrocchiale al seminario alla scelta di diventare un rivoluzionario professionale. i suoi critici hanno descritto per oltre un secolo Stalin come un rozzo contadino analfabeta, C'è qualcosa di vero in questa descrizione? E nella migliore delle ipotesi Stalin fu solo un autodidatta di buona volontà o ci sono prove che fosse un intellettuale pienamente formato, a partire dall'eccellente padronanza della lingua russa?

2025, АНТИЧНАЯ ТРАДИЦИЯ И РАННЕХРИСТИАНСКОЕ МИРОВОЗЗРЕНИЕ В ТЕОРИИ И ПРАКТИКЕ МЕДИЦИНЫ РИМСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ I–III ВЕКОВ

A key outcome of the study—one that significantly contributes to our understanding of the formation and development of the history of medicine as a scientific discipline—is the interdisciplinary analysis of Galen’s works. The research... more

2025, Modern Language Review

Bulgakov's entire literary career was shaped by intellectual sparring with the figure of Vladimir Maiakovski. In many ways the collaborations between Maiakovski and the director Vsevolod Meyerhold helped to form Bulgakov's own vision for... more

2025

Diversi compagni, per lo più giovani, ci chiedono il significato e l'importanza che ebbe il Comitato d'Intesa costituito a Milano da elementi della Sinistra nel 1925 durante la discussione svolta prima del Congresso di Lione (1926). Il... more

2025, Ученые записки Петрозаводского государственного университета

О ПРИОБРЕТЕНИИ РОССИЙСКИМИ МИССИОНЕРАМИ КНИГ В ПЕКИНЕ В ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XIX ВЕКА А н н о т а ц и я. В начале XIX века в связи с возросшим интересом к Китаю российское правительство стало направлять членам Российской духовной миссии в Пекине специальные инструкции. Согласно инструкциям, миссионерам надлежало устанавливать тесные контакты с представителями знати, а также приобретать различные книги для пополнения российских библиотечных коллекций. Данная статья посвящена детальному изучению контактов членов Российской духовной миссии с членами цинского императорского дома, монгольскими князьями, тибетскими ламами, книготорговцами и корейскими посланниками в Пекине с целью приобретения материалов по различным областям знаний. В ходе исследования на основе источников на китайском и русском языках удалось установить, что приобретение печатных и рукописных изданий членами духовной миссии было тесно связано с их взаимодействием с пекинской знатью. Впервые поднимается вопрос об особенностях формирования корпуса библиотечных коллекций на китайском языке и языках национальных меньшинств Китая на раннем этапе. Актуальность исследования обусловлена ростом научного интереса к деятельности членов Российской духовной миссии в Пекине и российско-китайским отношениям данного периода. К л ю ч е в ы е с л о в а : Российская духовная миссия в Пекине, Н. Я. Бичурин, П. Каменский, В. П. Васильев Б л а г о д а р н о с т и.

2025

In the 50s and 60s of the twentieth century, Lucio Colletti developed a requisition against Hegel and against those elements of his philosophy that had penetrated into Marxism. The main thesis is simple and clear: the more Marxism is contaminated with Hegelism the more it loses scientific consistency. This thesis ends up investing the judgment on the work of Lenin too. The essay in question will show the opposite: the concepts that the Russian revolutionary will find in Hegel’s Logic provide him the tools usefull to avoid the ideological deviations of his time and to identify the theoretical errors committed by Trotsky and the exponents of the Second International, both prisoners of the abstract intellect and of mechanistic ways of thinking. This judgment also belonged to Gramsci, who was not by chance a reader and a profound admirer of Hegel. Both Gramsci and Lenin often accuse Trotsky and the Second Internationalists of not having been able to internalize the dialectical logic, wi...

2025

La Categoria A8 appartiene alla classificazione dell'archivio della polizia politica. Significa "pericolosi per lo Stato" e varia nel tempo, a seconda dell'ordinamento politico e degli obiettivi del ministero dell'Interno. Come si organizza, quali sono le sue caratteristiche, come la categoria si stringe o si allarga a comprendere comportamenti giudicati "pericolosi" è materia di questo libro. Dall'analisi di un campione di fascicoli del Fondo Questura conservati presso l'Archivio di Stato di Genova si deducono le caratteristiche della sorveglianza, tanto durante il fascismo quanto nella prima età della Repubblica, ed emerge come tale attività rappresenti uno degli elementi di continuità nella storia dell'Italia del Novecento.

2025, We The People III

An attempt is made to argue that there is urgent need get organized as "we the people" to face the injustices we have been subjected to throughout the centuries. Many attempts to save the human race economically, religiously and politically have been failing. Many time they have resulted in untold sufferings to people. The process still continues . The need for expanding the "WE" feeling to universal level and extinguishing the "WE Vs THEY" feeling isemphasized

2025, Annali n. 32 | Museo Storico Italiano della Guerra

Umberto Montini apparteneva a due mondi. Nato a Bolzano nel 1922, crebbe durante il regime fascista di Mussolini. Nel gennaio 1942 fu chiamato alle armi e, poco dopo, inviato sul fronte russo, dove prestò servizio come traduttore italo-tedesco nel 30° Raggruppamento di Artiglieria dell'ARMIR (Armata Italiana in Russia). Come circa 70.000 altri soldati e ufficiali italiani, nel dicembre 1942, dopo la sconfitta dell'Esercito italiano per mano dell'Armata Rossa sovietica sul fiume Don, Umberto fu fatto prigioniero e caricato su un convoglio di transito diretto ad un campo di lavoro. A differenza di molti altri, però, ebbe la fortuna di essere troppo malato per essere considerato idoneo al lavoro e, anziché in un campo, fu collocato in un ospedale per prigionieri nella città di Zubova Poliana, nella Repubblica Autonoma Mordova dell'Unione Sovietica. Lì trascorse i successivi tre anni della sua vita, imparando a parlare e scrivere in russo e lavorando come interprete dell'ospedale, fino a quando, alla fine dell'estate del 1945, fu rimpatriato in Italia. Zubova Poliana e Bolzano; il microcosmo di vita sovietica che aveva incontrato nell'ospedale per prigionieri di guerra e la società italiana del dopoguerra; la nuova Federazione Russa degli anni Novanta, apparentemente democratica, e l'Italia degli scandali di "Mani Pulite" e dell'ascesa del partito di destra di Silvio Berlusconi: sono questi i due mondi paralleli che Umberto ha abitato contemporaneamente dal momento del suo rimpatrio in Italia. Soprattutto negli ultimi anni della sua vita, quando l'ex prigioniero di guerra aveva sempre più difficoltà a muoversi e trascorreva la maggior parte del tempo nel suo appartamento di Bolzano circondato dalla famiglia, il ricordo della Russia e delle relazioni intessute durante l'internamento non era mai troppo lontano. Umberto aveva infatti trasformato una stanza del suo appartamento in un "museo russo", portando così il mondo di Zubova Poliana direttamente nell'atmosfera intima della sua casa. Tra il 1992 e la sua morte, avvenuto nel 2003, questa stanza è stata lo spazio fisico in cui Umberto ha intrapreso un lungo e profondo viaggio della memoria. Qui, seduto alla sua scrivania e guardando vecchie fotografie e ritagli di giornale, Umberto trascorreva ore a scrivere i suoi ricordi sparsi della guerra e dell'internamento; qui leggeva e rileggeva le lettere che riceveva dalla Russia da una ex dipendente dell'ospedale con cui era riuscito a riallacciare i rapporti; e qui riviveva la sua vita di interprete dell'ospedale, intrappolato tra le sue appartenenze italiane e quelle russe e sempre nel tentativo di mediare tra di esse. Come scrisse una volta, «sono nato due volte»: la prima in Italia e la seconda in Russia, dove "il popolo russo" (come chiamava tutti gli abitanti del luogo, indipendentemente dalla loro etnia) aveva curato sia il suo corpo che la sua anima, riportandolo in vita dopo essere metaforicamente morto al fronte 1. L'"amore" che provava per la Russia era tale che durante il rimpatrio, sul treno che portava lui e i suoi compagni di prigionia al capolinea della ferrovia russa nella Romania orientale, pensò addirittura di saltare dal vagone e rimanere in Russia 2 .

2025, Hamdi Aimen

In a distant, lifeless future, a couple discovers a young girl hidden behind waterfalls she is the last breath of Earth. As she awakens, her words echo like a warning: Have you come to heal me… or to finish what they... more

2025, “Soviet Nationality Policy and Kurds, 1917-1956” presented at Workshop on Political and Military Histories of Russian-Kurdish Relations (19 th -21 st Centuries), Library of Foreign Literature, Moscow, Russian Federation, 10-11 June 2019.

Kurds in the Soviet Union represent an interesting case study in the changing nationality policies pursued by the Soviet government from 1917 to 1956. The Soviet policy towards the Kurds was not consistent either through time or geographically. Kurds in different regions of the USSR experienced different treatment at different times. The fluctuating and inconsistent Soviet policies towards the Kurds in Armenia,

2025

All'origine, quindi, nelle comunità primitive, esiste completa unità di arte e industria nel senso generale di attività produttiva umana e unità piena di mano e cervello. La mano insegna alla testa; questa, a sua volta, alla mano. Dato... more

2025, A Revolução Abandonada os comunistas, a III Internacional, a crise dos anos vinte e o Movimento de Outubro de 1930

A Revolução abandonada: os comunistas, a III Internacional, a crise dos anos vinte e o movimento de outubro de 1930 EXAMINADORES ASSINATURA CPF Carlos Zacarias F. de Sena Junior (UFBA) -orientador 457.687.065-34 Eurelino Coelho (UEFS) 479.896.885-49 Marly de Almeida Gomes Vianna (UFSCar) 664.342.037-72 Angelo Aparecido Priori (UEM) 540.260.679-04 Paulo Santos Silva (UNEB) 219.201.415-53 ATA Aos dezesseis dias do mês de dezembro do ano de dois mil e vinte e um, na sala virtual no Google Meet, foi instalada a sessão pública para julgamento do trabalho final elaborado por Ede Ricardo de Assis Soares, doutorando do Programa de Pós-graduação em História Social do Brasil. Após a abertura da sessão, o professor Carlos Zacarias F. de Sena Junior, orientador e presidente da banca julgadora, deu seguimento aos trabalhos, apresentando os demais examinadores. Foi dada a palavra ao autor, que fez sua exposição e, em seguida, ouviu a leitura dos respectivos pareceres dos integrantes da banca. Terminada a leitura, procedeuse à arguição e respostas do examinando. Ao final, a banca, reunida em separado, resolveu pela aprovação do aluno. Nada mais havendo a tratar, foi encerrada a sessão e lavrada a presente ata que será assinada por quem de direito. Após a arguição e reunindo-se em separado, a banca considerou que o trabalho de Ede Ricardo de Assis Soares é relevante e constitui uma contribuição à historiografia, devendo, entretanto, passar por uma revisão criteriosa, inclusive nos aspectos apontados pela banca relativos a algumas repetições, usos de conceitos, entre outras questões. Por fim, a banca aponta a importância de publicação da tese, muito especialmente na oportunidade da passagem do centenário de fundação do PCB.

2025, G. Leroux. Le fauteuil hanté 1909 (Je sais tout) / 1911 (Editions Pierre Laffite) Патафизический перевод с франц. Алексея Боголюбова. Новосибирск – Соранск, 2018

Аннотация: Новый перевод романа Г. Леру о Французской Академии – это комплексный научно-практический проект по исследованию места языка, литературы и языковых институтов в жизни образованного общества. Роман не имеет никакого отношения... more

2025, ქართული ემიგრაცია

The article is about the formation of the "Committee to Aid Georgians Suffering from Tuberculosis" and its youth section. Examining the events leading up to their establishment, their composition, the role of Akaki Chkhenkeli, and how... more