Structural Linguistics Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

2025, Éditions La Dondaine, Medium.com

They say Artificial Intelligence will solve that problem in a jiffy. They are telling you a tall tale straight from Mark Twain’s trove. It may compare with “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.” Only a maximum of twelve... more

2025, Philosophy of Science

Twentieth-century structural linguistics in America * D. Terence Langendoen, Brooklyn College & CUNY Graduate Center Presentation at the Columbia University Seminar on the History and Philosophy of Science ... Syntactic Structures. The... more

Twentieth-century structural linguistics in America * D. Terence Langendoen, Brooklyn College & CUNY Graduate Center Presentation at the Columbia University Seminar on the History and Philosophy of Science ... Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton. Chomsky, Noam. ...

2025

The article intends to illustrate the contribution of Antonio Gramsci to the development of a philosophy of language within the Marxist tradition. In this perspective, it examines the marginal position of the language sphere in the... more

The article intends to illustrate the contribution of Antonio Gramsci to the development of a philosophy of language within the Marxist tradition. In this perspective, it examines the marginal position of the language sphere in the thought of Hegel and Marx, and describes the peculiar position of the Italian philosopher Antonio Labriola, who elaborated the philosophy of language of Wilhelm von Humboldt, and the “Volkpsychologie” of Heymann Steinthal, in a historical materialistic direction.

2025, Working Paper (Self-Published)

Yajnadevam (2024) claims to have deciphered the Indus script as "post-Vedic Sanskrit" via a cryptanalytic mapping of approximately 400 distinct script signs to 76 Devanagari phonemes. We presented four independent statistical and... more

Yajnadevam (2024) claims to have deciphered the Indus script as "post-Vedic Sanskrit" via a cryptanalytic mapping of approximately 400 distinct script signs to 76 Devanagari phonemes. We presented four independent statistical and computational analyses-Zipfian frequency distributions, n-gram contextualization, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) state transitions, and positional sign markers that strongly contradict this phonemic hypothesis. Our results demonstrate that the empirical structure of the Indus script, characterized by highly skewed sign frequencies, context-specific n-grams, discernible syntax-like patterns, and dedicated positional markers, is incompatible with the properties of a simple alphabetic cipher or a free-flowing phoneme stream. These findings reinforce the prevailing view of the Indus script as likely representing a logo-syllabic or mixed system incorporating formulaic elements and determinatives, rather than a purely phonetic script directly encoding a language like Sanskrit at such an early date.

2025

Research on sentiment analysis is in its mature status. Studies on this topic have proposed various solutions and datasets to guide machine-learning approaches. However, so far the sentiment scoring is restricted to the level of short... more

Research on sentiment analysis is in its mature status. Studies on this topic have proposed various solutions and datasets to guide machine-learning approaches. However, so far the sentiment scoring is restricted to the level of short textual units such as sentences. Our comparison shows that there is a huge gap between machines and human judges when the task is to determine sentiment scores of a longer text such as a news article. To close this gap, we propose a new human-annotated dataset containing 250 news articles with sentiment labels at article level. Each article is annotated by at least 10 people. The articles are evenly divided into fake and non-fake categories. Our investigation on this corpus shows that fake articles are significantly more sentimental than non-fake ones. The dataset will be made publicly available. Copyright © 2019 for the individual papers by the papers’ authors. Copying permitted for private and academic purposes. This volume is published and copyright...

2025, EKSTASIS REVISTA DE HERMENÊUTICA E FENOMENOLOGIA

While the profound transformation of Aristotelian logic in the 19 th century is well-known, the equally profound transformation in 20 th-century logic, particularly compared to the previous century, is much less acknowledged. This... more

While the profound transformation of Aristotelian logic in the 19 th century is well-known, the equally profound transformation in 20 th-century logic, particularly compared to the previous century, is much less acknowledged. This transformation, though a topic explored by specialists, remains underrepresented in the broader philosophical mindset. Its most notable significance lies in the expansion of the formalization process conducted by logic beyond the realm of mathematics and into other forms of discourse, particularly those intrinsic to natural language. Given this profound shift in logic, it becomes imperative to reconsider the question of the relationship between logic and hermeneutics, ensuring due attention is given to this landscape. Keywords Hermeneutic. Mathematical logic. Heidegger. Carnap. RESUMO Ao mesmo tempo em que a profunda transformação da lógica aristotélica no século XIX é bem conhecida, a igualmente profunda transformação acontecida no século XX, em particular se comparada com o século anterior, o é muito menos. Esta transformação, ainda que seja um tópico explorado por especialistas, permanece ignorada pelo saber filosófico médio. O seu mais importante rasgo consiste na expansão do processo de formalização conduzido pela lógica, para além do reino da matemática, a outras formas de discurso, em particular, àqueles próprios da linguagem natural. Dada essa profunda mudança na lógica, é um imperativo reconsiderar a relação entre lógica e hermenêutica, outorgando a devida atenção a essa nova situação. Palavras-chave Hermenêutica. Lógica-matemática. Heidegger. Carnap.

2025

We propose a supervised classification approach for automatically determining the polarities of medical sentences. Our polarity classification approach is contextsensitive, meaning that the same sentence may have differing polarities... more

We propose a supervised classification approach for automatically determining the polarities of medical sentences. Our polarity classification approach is contextsensitive, meaning that the same sentence may have differing polarities depending on the context. Using a set of carefully selected features, we achieve 84.7% accuracy, which is significantly better than current state-of-the-art for the polarity classification task. Our analyses and experiments on a specialised corpus indicate that automatic polarity classification of key sentences can be utilised to generate evidence-based recommendations.

2025, Population

The ALTA shared task ran for the third time in 2012, with the aim of bringing research students together to work on the same task and data set, and compare their methods in a current research problem. The task was based on a recent study... more

The ALTA shared task ran for the third time in 2012, with the aim of bringing research students together to work on the same task and data set, and compare their methods in a current research problem. The task was based on a recent study to build classifiers for automatically labeling sentences to a pre-defined set of categories, in the domain of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). The partaking groups demonstrated strong skills this year, outperforming our proposed benchmark systems. In this overview paper ...

2025, Proceedings ALTA

In this paper we introduce some of the key NLP-related problems related to the practice of Evidence Based Medicine and propose the task of multi-document query-focused summarisation as a key approach to solve these problems. We have... more

In this paper we introduce some of the key NLP-related problems related to the practice of Evidence Based Medicine and propose the task of multi-document query-focused summarisation as a key approach to solve these problems. We have completed a corpus for the development of such multi-document queryfocused summarisation task. The process to build the corpus combined the use of automated extraction of text, manual annotation, and crowdsourcing to find the reference IDs. We perform a statistical analysis of the corpus for ...

2025, Современная русская лексикология, лексикография и лингвогеография.

The relevance of the proposed topic is proved, first by a general interest of the scientific community in historical syntax's issues. Secondly, its significance is emphasized by the developments' application to the atypical material in... more

The relevance of the proposed topic is proved, first by a general interest of the scientific community in historical syntax's issues. Secondly, its significance is emphasized by the developments' application to the atypical material in the form of the content interpreting of the unknown words for the writer. The goal of the study is to identify different ways of constructing a dictionary article in both anonymous and original texts. The methodology of the work includes description, comparative method, contextual analysis and analysis by direct components. The linguistic material includes both anonymous handwritten books (“Azbukovniki”) and author's texts. The author's texts include Peter Tashlykov's description of the Spaso-Prilutsky Monastery's property, as well as the “Book of Convictions”, or “Eternal Gospel” by Archpriest Avvakum. The study presents different types of sentences with different interpretations of their structural elements. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that for the first time handwritten dictionaries of the 17th century are considered from the standpoint of the syntactic organization of dictionary articles. This allows us to hypothesize that there is a combination of ways to interpret unknown words with the lexical and grammatical structure characteristic for these definitions.

2025

This paper introduces the concept of artificial primes, defined within a specific subset SSS of positive integers greater than one. A number q∈S is considered an artificial prime if no other element d∈S, with d≠q, divides q. Focusing on... more

This paper introduces the concept of artificial primes, defined within a specific subset SSS of positive integers greater than one. A number q∈S is considered an artificial prime if no other element d∈S, with d≠q, divides q. Focusing on the subset of Fibonacci numbers greater than 1, we analyze the behavior of artificial primes in this sequence. Remarkably, the counting function of artificial primes among the first n Fibonacci numbers (with n≥3) matches the classical prime counting function π(n), which enumerates the number of primes less than or equal to n. This correspondence highlights a surprising structural parallel between classical prime distribution and internal divisibility properties within recursive numerical sequences.

2025

У статті представлено аналіз специфіки перекладу англійських багатокомпонентних термінів економічної сфери українською мовою. Авторами окреслено основні поняття, дотичні до проблематики дослідження, серед яких – «термін»,... more

У статті представлено аналіз специфіки перекладу англійських багатокомпонентних термінів економічної сфери українською мовою. Авторами окреслено основні поняття,
дотичні до проблематики дослідження, серед яких – «термін», «терміносистема», «складне
слово»; виокремлено особливості їх взаємозв’язку в роботі з перекладу англійських економічних термінів українською мовою. Аналіз досліджень показав, що у сучасній науці не існує
єдиної думки про природу та статус таких слів. Це викликано труднощами встановлення
межі між словосполученням та складним словом в англійській мові. Дослідження містить
характеристику вимог до перекладу складних слів в економічній терміносистемі, труднощі
перекладу та способи їх подолання у процесі перекладацької діяльності. Окреслено особливості англійських композитів зазначеної тематики. Розглянуто їхню структуру (виокремлено дво- і трикомпонентні). Визначено, що у сучасній англійській мові набуває поширення
процес утворення багатокомпонентних композитів, що складаються більше ніж із двох
основ. На морфологічному рівні визначено частиномовні моделі англійських економічних термінів та схарактеризовано способи їх перекладу українською мовою. Граматичні та лексичні
трансформації встановлено як найбільш частотні. Найтиповішими прийомами перекладу на
лексичному рівні визначено калькування, добір еквівалентів, конкретизацію, додавання лексичних одиниць; на граматичному – частиномовну заміну, перестановку. Зроблено висновок
про те, що українські відповідники англійських термінів-композитів за формою є нееквівокабульними, оскільки не мають еквівалентів у вигляді одного слова (переважно вони представлені словосполученням або фразою). На думку авторів, ця наукова розвідка є актуальною
в контексті розвитку сучасних євроінтеграційних процесів, оскільки економічна термінологія
є однією з ключових під час здійснення глобального взаємозв’язку, а якісний переклад – запорукою успішної ефективної комунікації

2025, ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРЕКЛАДУ АНГЛІЙСЬКИХ АФІКСАЛЬНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ТЕРМІНІВ УКРАЇНСЬКОЮ МОВОЮ

кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, доцент кафедри англійської та німецької філології Полтавського національного педагогічного університету імені В.Г. Короленка Тагільцева Я.М., orcid.org/0000-0002-4005-0227 кандидат філологічних наук,... more

кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, доцент кафедри англійської та німецької філології Полтавського національного педагогічного університету імені В.Г. Короленка Тагільцева Я.М., orcid.org/0000-0002-4005-0227 кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, доцент кафедри гуманітарних і соціальних дисциплін Полтавського державного аграрного університету У статті розглядаються особливості перекладу англійських афіксальних економічних термінів українською мовою. Афіксація є продуктивним способом творення іменників, прикметників та дієслів англомовної економічної терміносистеми. Основне завдання при відтворенні англомовних афіксальних економічних термінів українською мовою-досягнення еквівалентності через використання відповідних перекладацьких прийомів для того, щоб передати якомога точно всю необхідну інформацію, присутню в терміні оригіналу, дотримуючись норм української мови. Адекватний переклад термінів вимагає розуміння контексту, тому спеціальні знання в певній термінологічній сфері є досить важливими для перекладача. При перекладі англійських афіксальних економічних термінів українською мовою, як правило, використовуються перекладацькі трансформації лексичного типу: транскодування, калькування, конкретизація, генералізація, описовий та антонімічний переклад, а також лексико-граматичний прийом додавання (декомпресії). Калькування є найбільш частотним прийомом при перекладі англійських афіксальних економічних термінів українською мовою, оскільки більшість англійських афіксів мають афіксальні відповідники в українській мові, які поєднуються з українською основою-еквівалентом відповідно до норм української мови. Досить поширеними перекладацькими прийомами є транскодування, описовий переклад та декомпресія (додавання). Транскодування (транслітерація або транскрипція) застосовуються для перекладу афіксальної лексика англомовної економічної терміносистеми рідше. Процеси транскодування та калькування можуть супроводжуватися описовим перекладом. Антонімічний переклад використовується переважно для відтворення англійських термінів з префіксами un-, de-, dis-. Лексичні перекладацькі трансформації генералізації та конкретизації не є характерними при перекладі англійських афіксальних економічних термінів українською мовою. Важливою умовою адекватного перекладу англійських афіксальних економічних термінів українською мовою є правильне розуміння значень афіксів та правил їх використання в обох мовах.

2025, Вісник ЛНУ імені Тараса Шевченка

У статті з’ясовано, що успіх наукової публікації забезпечує не тільки її якісний матеріал, грамотно й логічно структурований відповідно до вимог наукового видання і норм наукового стилю, але й вдало дібраний заголовок, який має... more

У статті з’ясовано, що успіх наукової публікації забезпечує не
тільки її якісний матеріал, грамотно й логічно структурований відповідно
до вимог наукового видання і норм наукового стилю, але й вдало
дібраний заголовок, який має прагматичний потенціал.
Проаналізовано досвід вітчизняних лінгвістів, які досліджували
заголовок у структурному, семантико-стилістичному, прагматичному
ракурсах на матеріалі англомовних та німецькомовних наукових статей.
Встановлено, що прагматичний потенціал українськомовних заголовків
наукових публікацій потребує ґрунтовного й всебічного вивчення.
Проаналізовано 162 заголовки до наукових статей, розміщених у
фаховому видання „Ефективна економіка”. Встановлено, що
нечисельними є авторські інтенції щодо актуалізації теоретичних
аспектів вивчення наукових явищ, натомість помітне прагнення
сфокусувати увагу реципієнтів на способах застосування теоретичних
знань для вирішення практичних завдань у різних галузях економіки. За
допомогою прагматичних маркерів сучасні підходи, інструменти,
стратегії, оцінка, можливості, перспективи, удосконалення, ефективність,
оптимізація автори акцентують увагу на значущих аспектах проблеми, на
конкретних шляхах і способах її вирішення, на перспективах подальшого
вивчення наукової проблеми. У результаті дослідження з’ясовано, що автори наукових публікацій
реалізують різні прагматичні інтенції залежно від об’єкту, предмету,
матеріалу дослідження та з огляду на тематику наукового видання.

2025

Ponad czterdzieści lat minęło od ukazania się klasycznego, w wielu miejscach już zdezaktualizowanego dwutomowego podręcznika Kultura języka polskiego Danuty Buttler, Haliny Kurkowskiej oraz Haliny Satkiewicz 1 . Autorki skupiły się w nim... more

Ponad czterdzieści lat minęło od ukazania się klasycznego, w wielu miejscach już zdezaktualizowanego dwutomowego podręcznika Kultura języka polskiego Danuty Buttler, Haliny Kurkowskiej oraz Haliny Satkiewicz 1 . Autorki skupiły się w nim wyłącznie na problemach gramatycznych i leksykalnych. Zrezygnowały m.in. z systematycznego wykładu z zakresu polskiej ortofonii. Tę dotkliwą lukę wypełnia publikacja Tomasza Karpowicza Kultura języka polskiego. Wymowa, ortografia, interpunkcja 2 , która zamyka uaktualnioną, unowocześnioną i uwzględniającą bogatszy zestaw zagadnień serię podręczników kultury języka polskiego 3 . Podręcznik składa się z trzech zasadniczych części poświęconych kolejno wymowie, ortografii oraz interpunkcji. Rozdział omawiający wymowę (s. 15-58) zawiera szereg zagadnień szczegółowych. Znalazła się w nim większość najważniejszych problemów fonetyczno-ortofonicznych. Punktem wyjścia rozważań jest oczywiste, ale w kontekście norm ortofonicznych istotne stwierdzenie dotyczące rozbieżności między polską pisownią a wymową. Fakt ten uzasadnia potrzebę normatywnej oceny poszczególnych realizacji wyrazów i fraz fonetycznych (choćby w zakresie konturu intonacyjnego wypowiedzi -tego jednak zagadnienia próżno szukać we współczesnych opracowaniach ortofonicznych 4 ).

2025, PubMed

Important information is encoded in free-text patient comments. We determine the most common topics in patient comments, design automatic topic classifiers, identify comments ' sentiment, and find new topics in negative comments. Our... more

Important information is encoded in free-text patient comments. We determine the most common topics in patient comments, design automatic topic classifiers, identify comments ' sentiment, and find new topics in negative comments. Our annotation scheme consisted of 28 topics, with positive and negative sentiment. Within those 28 topics, the seven most frequent accounted for 63% of annotations. For automated topic classification, we developed vocabulary-based and Naive Bayes ' classifiers. For sentiment analysis, another Naive Bayes ' classifier was used. Finally, we used topic modeling to search for unexpected topics within negative comments. The seven most common topics were appointment access, appointment wait, empathy, explanation, friendliness, practice environment, and overall experience. The best F-measures from our classifier were 0.52(NB), 0.57(NB), 0.36(Vocab), 0.74(NB), 0.40(NB), and 0.44(Vocab), respectively. F- scores ranged from 0.16 to 0.74. The sentiment classification F-score was 0.84. Negative comment topic modeling revealed complaints about appointment access, appointment wait, and time spent with physician.

2025, AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium

Important information is encoded in free-text patient comments. We determine the most common topics in patient comments, design automatic topic classifiers, identify comments ' sentiment, and find new topics in negative comments. Our... more

Important information is encoded in free-text patient comments. We determine the most common topics in patient comments, design automatic topic classifiers, identify comments ' sentiment, and find new topics in negative comments. Our annotation scheme consisted of 28 topics, with positive and negative sentiment. Within those 28 topics, the seven most frequent accounted for 63% of annotations. For automated topic classification, we developed vocabulary-based and Naive Bayes ' classifiers. For sentiment analysis, another Naive Bayes ' classifier was used. Finally, we used topic modeling to search for unexpected topics within negative comments. The seven most common topics were appointment access, appointment wait, empathy, explanation, friendliness, practice environment, and overall experience. The best F-measures from our classifier were 0.52(NB), 0.57(NB), 0.36(Vocab), 0.74(NB), 0.40(NB), and 0.44(Vocab), respectively. F- scores ranged from 0.16 to 0.74. The sentiment cl...

2025, (Des)troços: Journal of Radical Thought, 6.1 (January/June 2025)

The article proposes a reading of Giorgio Agamben’s La voce umana (The human voice, 2023) in the context of the development of his philosophy of language, and focuses in particular on the consequences of his theory of the “voice” for his... more

2025

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2025, Good fences make good neighbors, или симметричные существительные в Активном словаре русского языка

Активный словарь русского языка (АС) воплощает идеи системной лексикографии и интегрального описания языка Ю.Д. Апресяна. Описания в АС отражают семантические, синтаксические и сочетаемостные свойства слов, которые систематизированы по... more

Активный словарь русского языка (АС) воплощает идеи системной лексикографии и интегрального описания языка Ю.Д. Апресяна.
Описания в АС отражают семантические, синтаксические и сочетаемостные свойства слов, которые систематизированы по лексикографическим типам (ЛТ), объединяющим единицы с общими свойствами. Унифицированное и формализованное описание облегчает превращение АС в электронную базу данных, которая предоставляет возможности поиска по разным аспектам словарной статьи и может быть использована как инструмент лингвистического исследования. В работе рассматривается ЛТ симметричных предикатов, т.е. таких, которые допускают синкретичное синтаксическое выражение двух семантически равноправных актантов (драться, друг). В работе показывается, каким образом электронная база данных Активного словаря может быть использована для расширения и уточнения состава и свойств данного ЛТ, в частности, выявить ранее не описанные семантические классы симметричных существительных, а
именно, слова, обозначающие сооружения, разделяющие или соединяющие два пространства.

2025, Językoznawstwo

Description of syntactic structures in the early works of Zenon Klemensiewicz and Noam Chomsky The article focuses on the early works of Z. Klemensiewicz (mostly Składnia opisowa współczesnej polszczyzny kulturalnej, 1937), and N.... more

Description of syntactic structures in the early works of Zenon Klemensiewicz and Noam Chomsky The article focuses on the early works of Z. Klemensiewicz (mostly Składnia opisowa współczesnej polszczyzny kulturalnej, 1937), and N. Chomsky (mainly Syntactic Structures, 1957). These authors come from different linguistic paradigms: structural linguistics, and generative linguistics, respectively. Despite that, their ideas have strong similarities, and although there is no reason to consider Klemensiewicz’s work as a direct inspiration for Chomsky, it seems quite reasonable to argue that different schools of linguistic thought were at times literally one step away from pioneering the generative paradigm. Keywords: Polish language studies, generative linguistics, N. Chomsky, Z. Klemensiewicz, structural linguistics

2025, Сообщения Государственного Эрмитажа

2025

This study examined students' achievement in senior secondary school mathematics qualifying examination in Kano State, the influence of sex and schools nature on their achievement in mathematics has been assessed. Ex-post facto research... more

This study examined students' achievement in senior secondary school mathematics qualifying examination in Kano State, the influence of sex and schools nature on their achievement in mathematics has been assessed. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. A pro forma was used to collect data from a sample of 300 students, selected using stratified random sampling procedure from the science secondary schools in Kano state Nigeria. The data collected were the students' performances in mathematics achievement test. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test to test the hypotheses at 0.05, level of significance. Overall results showed that students performed below average and a significant gender difference exists in mathematics performance. Similarly, a significant difference was also observed with respect to schools nature (boarding and day schools); day school students performed above better than boarding school students. The implication of this finding is that despite government continuous efforts, the academic achievement of students in mathematics through above hypothetical pass mark fell below the required average mark for admission into Nigerian universities. It was recommended among others that teachers should regularly motivate students to develop a good study habit and test them on the various mathematics concepts and feedback provided should be used to prepare them for credible achievement in mathematics at both internal and external examinations.

2025

This study examined students' achievement in senior secondary school mathematics qualifying examination in Kano State, the influence of sex and schools nature on their achievement in mathematics has been assessed. Ex-post facto research... more

This study examined students' achievement in senior secondary school mathematics qualifying examination in Kano State, the influence of sex and schools nature on their achievement in mathematics has been assessed. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. A pro forma was used to collect data from a sample of 300 students, selected using stratified random sampling procedure from the science secondary schools in Kano state Nigeria. The data collected were the students' performances in mathematics achievement test. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test to test the hypotheses at 0.05, level of significance. Overall results showed that students performed below average and a significant gender difference exists in mathematics performance. Similarly, a significant difference was also observed with respect to schools nature (boarding and day schools); day school students performed above better than boarding school students. The implication of this finding is that despite government continuous efforts, the academic achievement of students in mathematics through above hypothetical pass mark fell below the required average mark for admission into Nigerian universities. It was recommended among others that teachers should regularly motivate students to develop a good study habit and test them on the various mathematics concepts and feedback provided should be used to prepare them for credible achievement in mathematics at both internal and external examinations.

2025

This study examined students' achievement in senior secondary school mathematics qualifying examination in Kano State, the influence of sex and schools nature on their achievement in mathematics has been assessed. Ex-post facto research... more

This study examined students' achievement in senior secondary school mathematics qualifying examination in Kano State, the influence of sex and schools nature on their achievement in mathematics has been assessed. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. A pro forma was used to collect data from a sample of 300 students, selected using stratified random sampling procedure from the science secondary schools in Kano state Nigeria. The data collected were the students' performances in mathematics achievement test. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test to test the hypotheses at 0.05, level of significance. Overall results showed that students performed below average and a significant gender difference exists in mathematics performance. Similarly, a significant difference was also observed with respect to schools nature (boarding and day schools); day school students performed above better than boarding school students. The implication of this finding is that despite government continuous efforts, the academic achievement of students in mathematics through above hypothetical pass mark fell below the required average mark for admission into Nigerian universities. It was recommended among others that teachers should regularly motivate students to develop a good study habit and test them on the various mathematics concepts and feedback provided should be used to prepare them for credible achievement in mathematics at both internal and external examinations.

2025

This unpublished study of ‫ה‬ ָ ‫תּוֹר‬ (tôrâ) in Biblical Hebrew provides the necessary background for a deeper structuralist analysis of the lexeme. This study presents four aspects of a structuralist word study: (1) collocational... more

This unpublished study of ‫ה‬ ָ ‫תּוֹר‬ (tôrâ) in Biblical Hebrew provides the necessary background for a deeper structuralist analysis of the lexeme. This study presents four aspects of a structuralist word study: (1) collocational distribution, (2) collocational occurrences and collocational senses, (3) usage, (4) semantic range, and (5) diachronic lexicography. Original research is depicted in tables and graphs to complement the study. This paper contributes toward any systematic study of the lexeme.

2025, Диаспоры

Дальневосточные корейцы были первыми из народов Советского Союза, испытавшими на себе депортацию, затем последовали десятки других: немцы, курды, крымские татары, поляки, чеченцы, карачаевцы и т.д. Депортация 1937 г., безусловно, является... more

Дальневосточные корейцы были первыми из народов Советского Союза, испытавшими на себе депортацию, затем последовали десятки других: немцы, курды, крымские татары, поляки, чеченцы, карачаевцы и т.д. Депортация 1937 г., безусловно, является одной самой важной и узловой темой в истории корейцев России и современной постсоветской Центральной Азии. 1937 год – это незаживающая рана в памяти корейской диаспоры, это рубеж и граница между тем, что было и тем, что стало. Известно, что на корейцы полностью интегрировались в советизированное общество на Дальнем Востоке. Они образовали колхозы и сельхозартели, трудились на промышленных предприятиях, развивали национальную культуру. На Дальнем Востоке имелись сотни корейских школ разных уровней, а также другие учебные заведения с корейским языком обучения. Издавались газеты и журналы на корейском языке, работал корейский театр, многочисленные самодеятельные кружки. Корейский язык функционировал в разных сферах жизни, использовался и в обществе, и в семье, и в повседневном общении проживавших компактно корейцев. Так было до депортации.

2025

Among the yet unpublished Judeo-Italian texts from Corfu is a vulgarization based on the Targum to the haftara for the morning of the 9th of Av. It parallels a Judeo-Spanish text published by Alan D. Corré (“The Spanish Haftara for the... more

2025, Бытие человека в культуре (опыт онтологического подхода). Киев: Наук. думка, 1991.

This section of the monograph deals with the relationship between human ontology and culture. Particular attention is paid to such characteristics of culture, which are connected both with human anthropology, such as the body, and... more

This section of the monograph deals with the relationship between human ontology and culture. Particular attention is paid to such characteristics of culture, which are connected both with human anthropology, such as the body, and ontological constants - activity, immersion in the human world, temporality.

2025, Говори српски 2 да те цео свет разуме

Уџбеник Говори српски 2 да те цео свет разуме намењен је странцима који уче српски језик oд нивоа Б1+ до Б2/Ц1, одраслима без филолошког образовања. Он чини једну целину са уџбеником Говори српски да те цео свет разуме (2022, 2023, 2024),... more

2024, Językoznawstwo

Description of syntactic structures in the early works of Zenon Klemensiewicz and Noam Chomsky The article focuses on the early works of Z. Klemensiewicz (mostly Składnia opisowa współczesnej polszczyzny kulturalnej, 1937), and N.... more

Description of syntactic structures in the early works of Zenon Klemensiewicz and Noam Chomsky The article focuses on the early works of Z. Klemensiewicz (mostly Składnia opisowa współczesnej polszczyzny kulturalnej, 1937), and N. Chomsky (mainly Syntactic Structures, 1957). These authors come from different linguistic paradigms: structural linguistics, and generative linguistics, respectively. Despite that, their ideas have strong similarities, and although there is no reason to consider Klemensiewicz’s work as a direct inspiration for Chomsky, it seems quite reasonable to argue that different schools of linguistic thought were at times literally one step away from pioneering the generative paradigm. Keywords: Polish language studies, generative linguistics, N. Chomsky, Z. Klemensiewicz, structural linguistics

2024, International Conference on Computational Linguistics

Previous approaches to the task of native language identification (Koppel et al., 2005) have been limited to small, within-corpus evaluations. Because these are restrictive and unreliable, we apply cross-corpus evaluation to the task. We... more

Previous approaches to the task of native language identification (Koppel et al., 2005) have been limited to small, within-corpus evaluations. Because these are restrictive and unreliable, we apply cross-corpus evaluation to the task. We demonstrate the efficacy of lexical features, which had previously been avoided due to the within-corpus topic confounds, and provide a detailed evaluation of various options, including a simple bias adaptation technique and a number of classifier algorithms. Using a new web corpus as a training set, we reach high classification accuracy for a 7-language task, performance which is robust across two independent test sets. Although we show that even higher accuracy is possible using crossvalidation, we present strong evidence calling into question the validity of cross-validation evaluation using the standard dataset.

2024, Јужнословенски филолог

В работе рассматривается категория диминутивов и близких к ним слов с семантикой уменьшительности, ласкательности и/или производной от них субъективной оценки в сербском языке в сопоставлении с русским. Проблема освещается в... more

В работе рассматривается категория диминутивов и близких к ним
слов с семантикой уменьшительности, ласкательности и/или производной от них субъективной оценки в сербском языке в сопоставлении с русским. Проблема освещается в лексикографическом аспекте в связи с составлением большого двуязычного переводного сербско-русского словаря в рамках
проекта по сопоставительной лексикологии русского и сербского языков. В процессе обработки материала научный коллектив сталкивается с трудностями представления ряда лексических структур, в том числе диминутивов. Данную семантическую категорию характеризует семантический синкретизм, совмещение рациональной и эмоциональной оценки, высокая степень семантического варьирования, зависимость от прагматики высказывания.
Диминутивность является частью концепта УВЕЛИЧИТЕЛЬНОСТИ-УМЕНЬШИТЕЛЬНОСТИ, одним из многоуровневых средств его выражения. Она может рассматриваться и как функционально-семантическое полицентрическое поле, один из центров которого составляют модификационные дериваты с диминутивными значениями. Показано, что трудности межъязыкового
сопоставления в рамках лексикографического жанра связаны с анизоморфизмом языков, выражающимся в нетождественности значений и функций, в разной степени развитости и частотности средств, в их дискурсивной зависимости. Наряду с поставленными целями – сопоставление лексических структур в контексте подготовки переводного словаря и поиск решения для адекватного параллельного представления лексики, – работа обращается к проблематике методологии двуязычной лексикографии и переводоведения в славянских языках

2024

One o f the w o r ld ’s most ancient und rich cultures is the co ınmo n Tıırkic cultuıe. Unfortunııtely, for many years becaııse o f different reasons, tlıis cultııre has not been s tydied objectively. The ethnogeny o f Turks, their... more

One o f the w o r ld ’s most ancient und rich cultures is the co ınmo n Tıırkic cultuıe.
Unfortunııtely, for many years becaııse o f different reasons, tlıis cultııre has not
been s tydied objectively. The ethnogeny o f Turks, their ethnic histoıy, including arange o f issues relating to their homeland either was deliberately mixed or non-obje c tive ly presented. Moreover, in to d a y ’s g loba liz ed world events directly affect the culturc: the historical and cultural monuments created for thousands o f years arc being des troyed, ınoral values are appropriated either by others, or gradually foıgotten. Th e article deals with all these issııes, as well as other topical problems
o f Turkish history and eulturc.

2024

This English translation of a student paper written in 1984 demonstrates that there was a definite interest in East German linguistic research in West German universities. I was asked to write this paper because Prof. Gnutzmann... more

2024, Comparative Critical Studies

Henri Meschonnic criticised structuralist linguistics for assuming that progress lay with everincreasing specialisation, and for narrowing its scope to exclude the literary. For Meschonnic, a linguistics that does not take account of the... more

Henri Meschonnic criticised structuralist linguistics for assuming that progress lay with everincreasing specialisation, and for narrowing its scope to exclude the literary. For Meschonnic, a linguistics that does not take account of the poetic -particularly of rhythm -is closing its ears to the very heartbeat of language. Rhythm is at the core of a language-body continuity which structuralists ignored because they considered it unconnected to meaning. That, for Meschonnic, was their primordial error, and he argued tirelessly for 'the continuous' in language and linguistics. The programme he devised has certain problems. He never makes clear where the structuralism which he rejects starts and ends; indeed, he himself can be seen as a structuralist along the lines described by Cassirer. Both Saussure and Benveniste occupy a curious position in Meschonnic's structuralism. Also problematic is Meschonnic's tendency to idealise the Hebrew language and Biblical texts, contrasting them with Greek language and thought in a way that borders on, and sometimes crosses into, Orientalism. A comparison with Havelock's treatment of the evolution of Greek from Homer to Plato suggests however that the Romantic and Orientalising aspects of Meschonnic's treatment are merely contingent, not essential, to the position he is taking. For Henri Meschonnic (1932-2000), the tragedy of structuralism lay in what he called its 'triomphalisme d'un scientisme du discontinu' (triumphalism of scientising the discontinuous). 1 It is true: ask a linguist what linguistics is, and the answer you are likely to get is, first, something about the scientific study of language, and then a litany of the subspecialisations, phonology, syntax, semantics, historical linguistics, sociolinguistics etc.

2024

Language names not in parentheses are the preferred current usage (Aissen et al. :-), names in parentheses are traditional and alternative names. Many more variants exist, and preferences are in constant ux. Family subdivision names are... more

Language names not in parentheses are the preferred current usage (Aissen et al. :-), names in parentheses are traditional and alternative names. Many more variants exist, and preferences are in constant ux. Family subdivision names are those established in modern literature; all but Huastecan constitute Southern Mayan. Western and Eastern Mayan together constitute Central Mayan (Kaufman :-).

2024

The paper deals with the question whether contradictory oppositions occur not only between state verbs (mít 'have' – chybět 'lack'), process verbs (spát 'sleep' – bdít 'be awake', mluvit 'speak' - mlčet 'be silent') and event verbs... more

The paper deals with the question whether contradictory oppositions occur not only between state verbs (mít 'have' – chybět 'lack'), process verbs (spát 'sleep' – bdít 'be awake', mluvit 'speak' - mlčet 'be silent') and event verbs (opustit 'leave' – zůstat 'stay, remain', vzít 'take' – nechat 'leave') but also in such cases where one verb denotes a state/process and the other verb denotes an event which terminates the respective state/process. There could potentially be many such pairs. The paper sheds light on three pairs of verbs of this kind: zazlívat 'blame' – odpustit 'forgive', pamatovat si/se 'remember' – zapomenout 'forget', žít 'live' – zemřít 'die'. Of them only the pair žít 'live' – zemřít 'die' can be considered contra dictory in the systemic sense. However, the categorial discrepancy between both verbs is alleviated by the fact that the respective state is conceptualized as an event. In the case of the other two pairs of verbs, the state/process verbs are conceived of as event verbs only in particular contexts, therefore there is no contradiction in the systemic sense. The author considers it probable that in Czech there are not many verbal pairs similar to the pair žít 'live' – zemřít 'die'.

2024, Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

This work critically examines some epistemological problems of the institutionalized public knowledge of Serbian lingustics and the knowledge of the opposed groups of social and feminist linguists. It also provides attention to some... more

This work critically examines some epistemological problems of the institutionalized public knowledge of Serbian lingustics and the knowledge of the opposed groups of social and feminist linguists. It also provides attention to some relevant studies of feminine derivational sufixes in the Serbo-Croatian and Croatian language. Under consideration are some crucial methodological issues such as supporting a claim, reliability of evidence, presenting disagreement among sources, and research ethos. The research contributes to the fuller understanding of the problem of social femininatives and to enlarging the types of reference sources. It suggests the need of thorough diachronic and interdisciplinary research which would look at different centuries and show the correlation between macsculine and feminine sufixes, the chronological activisation and geographical distribution of social femininatives, their productivity, archaization and extinction, as well as the newest proposals.

2024

The paper assumes that the reflexive elements se, si which form the so-called proper reflexive verbs have the status of derivational morphemes. The aim of the paper is to describe the consequences of the adoption of the given premise for... more

The paper assumes that the reflexive elements se, si which form the so-called proper reflexive verbs have the status of derivational morphemes. The aim of the paper is to describe the consequences of the adoption of the given premise for the interpretation of various types of reflexive verbs. It can be assumed that different groups of reflexive verbs represent derivational types which are distinctive and clearly defined to varying degrees. The more obviously the reflexive verb and the non-reflexive verb differ in terms of (a) semantic valency, (b) syntactic and semantic transitivity, the more distinctive the derivational function of the reflexive morpheme is. A distinctive, easy to define derivational type is represented by reflexive verbs (derived from transitive verbs) which are both syntactically and semantically intransitive (verbs of the type hnát se, rozbít se). A less distinctive derivational type comprises verbs which are syntactically intransitive but retain a certain degree of semantic transitivity (proper reflexive verbs formed with the morpheme se). The least distinctive derivational type is represented by verbs which are transitive in both the syntactic and semantic senses (some types of reflexive verbs formed with morpheme si).

2024, ResearchGate preprint

Thế giới là ý niệm, con người là ý niệm, cái cây là ý niệm, tiên đề là ý niệm, tất cả mọi thứ đều là ý niệm. Mỗi ý niệm đều “là”, “sống trong” hay “ảo tưởng trong” bản sao thế giới của riêng mình mà mỗi bản sao này không thật mà cũng... more

Thế giới là ý niệm, con người là ý niệm, cái cây là ý niệm, tiên đề là ý niệm, tất cả mọi thứ đều là ý niệm. Mỗi ý niệm đều “là”, “sống trong” hay “ảo tưởng trong” bản sao thế giới của riêng mình mà mỗi bản sao này không thật mà cũng thật, đó là những bong bóng. Chỉ có ta với tư cách là ý niệm bằng ý lực (free will) biện minh tồn tại cho chính ta biến chuyển thành biện minh tồn tại cho vô số ý niệm khác nhưng bong bóng ý niệm khác không thể biết (không tồn tại) đối với ta, đây chính là trọng tâm của học thuyết ý niệm mà trong đó: ý thức và vật chất là một hay nói chiết trung rằng ranh giới giữa vật chất và ý thức đang nhòa dần. Triết học pháp quyền nghiên cứu ý niệm pháp quyền đúng thật làm tham chiếu cho pháp quyền thực định và ý niệm pháp quyền có ý chí tự do (free will) làm biện minh tồn tại. Bài nghiên cứu này gồm hai mục tiêu: 1) phát biểu và cố gắng chứng minh học thuyết ý niệm bởi/và đối sánh với triết học pháp quyền Hegel, và 2) kết nối học thuyết ý niệm với triết học pháp quyền Hegel.

2024, Revista Gênero e Interdisciplinaridade

The present work aims to demonstrate the importance of structural linguistics, at the base of the clinical structure of Jacques Lacan’s psychoanalysis. considering that psychoanalysis is a knowledge developed by Sigmund Freud, considered... more

The present work aims to demonstrate the importance of structural linguistics, at the base of the clinical structure of Jacques Lacan’s psychoanalysis. considering that psychoanalysis is a knowledge developed by Sigmund Freud, considered the father of psychoanalysis, it was Lacan who emphasized the structural basis of how we could understand the psychoanalytic theoretical discourse, introducing sciences from other fields of knowledge, in this case, structural linguistics , as a guiding theory to understand such knowledge. finally, the present work has, in its importance, to point out the theoretical need that Lacan had, in making use of structural linguistics to deepen his reflections about the clinical discourse, and its importance in the understanding of the attendances.

2024, Silvia Cannizzo

The aim of this paper is to describe the genealogy and the evolution of the concept of ‘technique’ within the theoretical-linguistic thought of Antonino Pagliaro (1898-1973) between the Sommario di linguistica arioeuropea (1930) and the... more

The aim of this paper is to describe the genealogy and the evolution of the concept of ‘technique’ within the theoretical-linguistic thought of Antonino Pagliaro (1898-1973) between the Sommario di linguistica arioeuropea (1930) and the Dizionario di Politica (1940). The notion of ‘technique’ is a conceptual locus in which it is possible to measure the scientific operation initiated by Pagliaro, whose theoretical consequences concern the delimitation of the object and the aims of the discipline of linguistics within a broader cultural horizon.

2024

Quel genre de connaissance produit une science humaine? Qu'y connaît-on? L'objet d'une science humaine préexiste-t-il à l'acte de connaissance ou bien en est-il le résultat? On tentera de répondre à ces questions à partir de l'exemple de... more

Quel genre de connaissance produit une science humaine? Qu'y connaît-on? L'objet d'une science humaine préexiste-t-il à l'acte de connaissance ou bien en est-il le résultat? On tentera de répondre à ces questions à partir de l'exemple de la phonologie,, dans une perspective trans-disciplinaire. I/ LES PARADOXES DE LA REPRESENTATION A) BORGES ET LA CARTE A L'ECHELLE 1:1 Le très court texte de l'écrivain argentin J. Borges, abondamment commenté 1 , «De la rigueur de la science» permet d'imaginer qu'un empereur ordonna un jour à ses cartographes de dresser une carte

2024

This brief study of tôrâ in Biblical Hebrew provides a summary of the lexeme’s diachronic lexicography, surveying Hebrew etymology, a possible Akkadian source, and transmission and translation. This diachronic analysis contributes toward... more

This brief study of tôrâ in Biblical Hebrew provides a summary of the lexeme’s diachronic lexicography, surveying Hebrew etymology, a possible Akkadian source, and transmission and translation. This diachronic analysis contributes toward any systematic study of the lexeme.