Supply Chain Risk Management Research Papers (original) (raw)

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- Logistics, Risk Management, Supply Chain, Supply Chain Risk Management

Risk modelling along with multi-objective optimization problems have been at the epicenter of attention for supply chain managers. In this paper, we introduce a dataset for risk modelling in sophisticated supply chain networks based on formal mathematical models. We have discussed the methodology and simulation tools used to synthesize the dataset. Additionally, the underlying mathematical models are discussed in granular details along with providing directions to conducting statistical analyses or neural machine learning models. The simulation is performed using MATLAB ™Simulink and the models are illustrated as well.

- by Dr. Sobur Ahmed
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- Computer Science, Supply Chain Management, Operations Research, Logistics

Efficient supply chain management calls for robust analytical and optimal models to automate its process. Therefore, information technology is an essential ingredient that integrates these tools in supply chain. With the emergence of wireless, the high technologies and the reliability of mobile devices, mobile web services draw a promising horizon facing economic challenges. They offer new personalized services to each actor in the supply chain on their mobile devices at anytime and anywhere. This paper presents a literature review of mobile web service implemented on the industry context based on the supply chain management approach. First, a large definition of mobile web service and some proposal architecture are exposed. Then the paper discuss some generic related work on mobile web service focusing on supply chain management. Finally some challenges on m-service oriented supply chain management are proposed.

- by Unni Krishnan
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- Supply Chain Management, Operations Research, Optimization (Mathematics), Logistics

Naša naloga bo izvesti modeliranje in simulacijo na osnovi treh delovnih procesov. Delovne procese sestavljajo trije pravilniki, ki se izvajajo na Fakulteti za informacijske študije v Novem mestu, in sicer: Pravilnik o anketiranju študentov, pravilnik o študentih s posebnim statusom ter pravilnik o izvajanju delovne prakse. Vse tri pravilnike bomo najprej opisali in nato izdelali tabelo aktivnosti in tabelo lastnosti (metodologija TAD) za vsak delovni proces. Pomagali si bomo s programskim orodjem iGrafx, kjer bomo izvedli modeliranje in simulacijo. Na podlagi rezultatov simulacije bomo ugotovili kako posamezna aktivnost vpliva na celoten proces ter podali predlog za izboljšavo le-te.
KLJUČNE BESEDE:
Delovni proces, modeliranje, simulacije, metodologija TAD, programsko orodje iGrafx.

Supply chain risk management (SCRM) is a relatively new scientific discipline aiming to support management in its everyday struggle against the inherent uncertainty of supply chain operations propagated mostly by demand and supply fluctuations, in terms of yields, capacity, costs and lead times. This paper focuses on a literature review of available SCRM frameworks and models. Using an appropriate combination of keywords, three established academic databases and a hard inclusion criterion, a final sample of 16 (starting from 922) relevant and above all, empirically validated SCRM frameworks/models papers are retrieved and studied in full. Following a systematic literature review approach and supported by a content analysis tool, the authors produce some useful results on the current research status and identify some of its shortcomings, which have to be addressed by researchers in the future, i.e. the immaturity of research in the field, the absence of a holistic approach for SCRM a...

Triple Bottom Line (3 BL) Sustainability has been expressed as a tool in the hands of policy makers to achieve competitive advantage. Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) conceptualizes the design, control, and operation of the supply chain systems to recover the value from the product even after their useful life through the processes of reuse and recycle. Efficient management of CLSC operations in metal recycling industry will enhance 3BL sustainability. The present study investigates and shortlists critical sustainability factors in metal recycling CLSC operations. The study applies Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify the most important factors and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) techniques to check the reliability and validity of these factors through statistical analysis. The study identifies five most important factors to achieve sustainability in metal recycling CLSC. Although the article is focused on the Indian metal recycling industry but factors can be relevant for researchers in other developing countries, where similar economic, social and environmental conditions exist.

Over the years, food supply chains (FSCs) have faced various challenges, including supply chain interruptions. Previous studies focused only on household food waste. In this study, the FSCs risks is connected with food wastage to develop sustainable framework to reduce food waste. A Pareto analysis is developed for risk identification based on feedback from 130 experts from food companies. Finally, a blended grey-based Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) model has been proposed to assess the relationships among the identified major risks in FSCs. The five risks of greatest priority include: lack of skilled personnel, poor leadership, failure within the IT system, capacity, and poor customer relationship. The risk mitigation strategies for these risks are also presented. The proposed model is applied to food processing companies in Bangladesh to establish a sustainable business policy to minimize food wastage. These results can guide managers and practitioners to formulate resilient strategies to mitigate the identified risks, thereby minimizing food wastage and lead to food safety, security and sustainability across the food supply chain. The proposed model can be extended to address sustainability risk and be integrated to the internet of things for planning, monitoring, controlling , and optimizing supply chains in real time.

- by Dr. Syed Mithun Ali and +1
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- Supply Chain Management, Supply Chain Risk Management, Food supply chains, Grey System Theory

To achieve these objectives, this chapter examines Canada’s changing
interests in an evolving region from three levels: trade and economy, security
and as a middle power. This chapter is divided into several parts.
The first part briefly introduces Canada’s interactions with Asia in the
twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. This serves to paint a broad
picture of Canada’s “Asian” engagement. The second part introduces the
concept of middle power and how it relates to Canadian foreign policy
engagement in the region. The third part of this chapter aims to chart out
possible opportunities for Canada to align itself with other middle partners
as a critical mass that can shape the Indo-Pacific region such that it
is conducive to Canadian national interests. This proactive engagement is
necessary as being absent from the Indo-Pacific table, Canada’s interests
could be on the geopolitical menu.

Transportation is one of the logistical drivers in supply chains. Transportation disruption is costly in supply chains. This paper aims to assess transportation disruption risks using a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN). First, the disruption risk factors and their sub-factors were identified from the relevant articles and experts' opinions. The BBN-based model is developed to calculate the marginal probabilities of the risk factors and their sub-factors to determine the most sensitive factors/sub-factors. The framework was demonstrated using an example case of the pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh. The findings reveal the usefulness of BBN in examining transportation disruptions in supply chains. BBN captured the interdependencies between the disruption risk factors/sub-factors effectively. The proposed model will be useful to managers for predicting transportation disruptions and to build resilient strategies to tackle them.

PRINCIPLES OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT report related to decision making

- by gopal krish
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- Supply Chain Management, Product Design, Risk Management, China

Michael E Porter developed a value chain model for manufacturing sector with five primary activities and four supporting activities. The value chain model developed by Porter is extended to a steel manufacturing sector due to expansions of steel plants has become a continual process for their growth and survival. In this paper a value chain model for steel manufacturing sector is developed considering five primary activities and six support activities.

Identifying trustworthy upstream suppliers in a supply chain is an elusive task for an acquirer in nearly any industry. Obtaining assurance that an acquirer’s direct supplier is using a trusted tier II supplier instead of one that is malicious or simply has not been approved through audits is also difficult. This thesis outlines the problem acquirers face when trying to trust their own supply chains as well as proposes a novel approach to address this problem by incorporating the traceability characteristics of the blockchain into an ordinary organization’s supply chain. Additionally, three simulations of this solution are provided to demonstrate simple feasibility. Finally, it is important to note that although the proposed solution directly addresses an acquirer’s desire to gain greater visibility into their own supply chain, it also relies on multiple assumptions that will be clearly laid out.

Supply chain security and logistics management in private and public sectors is dependent on accurate, comprehensive data from trusted, compliant companies. Among all involved in supply chain and logistics Customs plays an important role in the fight against cross-border crime and terrorism. Customs expertise in controlling goods, backed up by the use of modern IT systems with e-Customs tools, and an efficient risk assessment and border control management, is vital to detect illegal goods such as drugs, explosive materials, nuclear and chemical weapons.
One of the most important components of European Union’s Community Customs Code is status of Authorized Economic Operator (AEO). Its aim is to grant economic operators the status of a low-risk, more trusted actor under certain circumstances when it comes to actions with customs authorities within the EU. At the moment there are three types of AEO status that companies can be certified for.
Since Croatia joined EU in 2013, Customs has started to apply concept of Authorized Economic Operator system. This process and status is relatively new and there are not many companies that have started process of receiving status of AEO that will give those companies benefits in customs procedures in EU and whole world. Therefore this paper will give more information about AEO status and what Croatian companies need for getting this status and how it can benefit supply chain security.

- by Aleksandar Erceg
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- Supply Chain, Supply Chain Risk Management, Customs
- by S. Curkovic
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- Business, Supply Chain Risk Management, Iso
- by Nikolaos Zahariadis
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- Critical Theory, Business, Entrepreneurship, Organizational Behavior

The purpose of this study is to identify the types of halal food supply risks, types of mitigation strategies for the upstream supply chain and to examine the relationship between halal supply risk and mitigation strategy efforts using the lens of the agency theory. Exploratory factor
analysis (EFA) is used to validate the variables of the study and regression is performed to analyze the relationship of halal food supply risk and mitigation strategy. It is identified that halal food supply risk (agency uncertainties) consists of quality risk, delivery risk, and price/cost risk. The mitigation strategy efforts consist of behavior-based management, buffer-based management, and traceability-based management. Results indicate that halal food supply risk significantly increase mitigation strategy efforts of firms. However, price & cost risk does not significantly increase behavior-based management. Practical implications include suggesting the firms to invest more in buffer-oriented so as to mitigate the agency uncertainties.

- by BC Chew
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- Supply Chain Management, Supply Chain Risk Management

While strategic procurement and supply chain function had evolved to achieve a level of complexity that was deemed favourable for global value chains, much of the complexity was not fashioned to withstand global supply chain disruptions. Long hailed strategic procurement and supply chain practices as effective and cost-efficient collapsed in the face of COVID-19, leaving massive global supply chain disruptions. This paper: (i)identifies strategic supply chain management practices that increased firms' vulnerability to supply chain disruptions caused by COVID-19; (ii) reports the performance of strategic supply chain management under COVID-19 pandemic; and, (iii) identifies how strategic supply chain management may be refined post-COVID-19. This was achieved through a systematic literature review where two keywords namely supply chain and supply chain resilience, were used to search for empirical studies published between 2020 and 2021. The search was conducted on PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Taylor and Francis. The initial search in all the databases yielded over 200,000 articles, but only 125 articles containing at least the two keywords in the title were selected. Out of 125, only 69 were retained after eliminating duplicates, systematic literature reviews and articles not available in full text to the authors. A thorough review of the title and abstract was done on the 69 retained, and 21 articles were excluded based on title, while 25 on the abstract, leaving 23 articles. The remaining 23 articles were read in full and 21 articles selected due to their ability to answer the predetermined research questions. Four industry reports searched on google were also involved, leading to a total of 25 articles systematically reviewed. The findings indicate that post-COVID-19, firms are likely to embrace supply chain management practices that enhance resiliency over efficiency. As such, just-in-time may be replaced by just-in-case practices such as redundant inventory, extra production capacity, and multiple sourcing among others. Therefore, the study recommends that in the post-COVID-19 pandemic, companies should seek to balance efficiency with resiliency, rather than trading off one over the other.

- by Kennedy Odongo and +1
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- E-Procurement, Public Procurement, Supply Chain Risk Management
- by Nasia Ntalla and +1
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- Supply Chain Management, Supply Chain Risk Management

The choice of delivery terms in international contracts has significant impact on both physical and financial risks for importers and exporters. This paper considers implications resulting from a recent Australian tribunal case involving transactions based on Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) terms (Incoterms). This case highlights how importers may become exposed to unexpected financial penalties caused by incorrect processes from foreign suppliers that result in duty and taxation payment shortfalls. The discussion focuses on the risk elements related to DDP for importers and the interpretation of legislation and policy documents. A chronological timeline of events is provided to explain the changes in policies and interpretation related to ownership as defined by Australian customs legislation. The conclusion is that, due to customs considerations and the decision of the tribunal in this case, DDP may no longer be a viable option for international trade transactions, not only in Australia, but also in other nations.

- by Dr Roberto Bergami
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- Taxation, Supply Chain Risk Management, International Customs Law, Incoterms
- by Alex Ong
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- Supply Chain, Multidisciplinary, Supply Chain Risk Management, Production economics

Journal of Supply Chain Management Research & Practice
Vol 11, No 2 (2017)
pp. 69-70

- by Martin C Schleper and +1
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- Supply Chain Management, Risk Management, Supply Chain Risk Management, Buyer Supplier Relationship

This paper describes an integrated framework for handling disruptions in supply chains. The integrated framework incorporates two main views on managing disruptions, namely pre- and post-disruption views, which are usually treated as separate issues in existing frameworks described in literature. The proposed integrated framework is used to structure literature review on the supply chain risk and disruption management. The literature review gives an overview of key aspects and specific methods which can be used for each step in the framework. Finally, two main observations in the existing literature on supply chain risk/disruption management are discussed. The first observation is that the literature has not uniformly discussed different parts of the framework. In general, the post-disruption process for managing supply chain disruptions has received relatively less attention than pre-disruption activities. The second observation which can be regarded as a direction for future research is lack of quantitative studies involving modeling and simulation to support the decision makers in better handling supply chain disruption.

- by Behzad Behdani
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- Supply Chain Management, Disaster risk management, Risk Management, Supply Chain

A supply chain includes all facilities, tasks, and activities that are involved in the production and delivery of a product or service from suppliers to customers. The supply chain management (SCM) coordinates all these activities so that the customers can obtain high-quality products and reliable services at minimum costs. Supply chain management can, in turn, provide a competitive advantage for the organization. Effective supply-chain management requires a comprehensive perspective of modules. In this paper, a multi-stage structure for a supply chain network that includes suppliers, distribution centres and related issues is being developed. The main feature of the decision is based on the integration of three basic steps of tactical problems that involve procurement of raw materials from suppliers to finished production and final product distribution at the factories. In addition, two of our main goals are to minimize overall supply-chain costs and also minimize the average time delay to distribution centres. The obtained mathematical model is a single-objective linear programming model. This paper focuses on integrating and minimizing the total cost in supply chain logistics.

- by Mohammad Mahoud
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- Supply Chain Management, Operations Research, Production, Industrial Engineering
- by Upmanu Lall and +1
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- Supply Chain Management, Disaster risk management, Supply Chain Risk Management, Disaster risk reduction

Impact of globalization, technological and environmental changes, has radically influenced supply chain risks and mitigating strategies. Since uncertainty is an intrinsic element of the aerospace supply chain system, this paper analyses the uncertain variables (risks) in aerospace supply chain using a `systems of systems' approach. Complexity and interdependent nature of the aerospace supply chain requires different levels of mitigation strategies. In this paper, utility theory and a proactive approach to risk management is considered. Effect on quality and delivery are two important monitoring parameters when analyzing risks within the aerospace supply chain system. This is depicted with the help of cases. The paper concludes by identifying the benefits of mitigating strategies for future sustainable systems.

- by Dr Abhijeet Ghadge
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- Aerospace, Supply Chain Risk Management

Remarks made to the National Defense Transportation Association Coast Guard Island, Alameda, CA Tuesday, May 8, 2001 (c) Copyright 2001 by Lawrence A. Howard, all rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form or by... more

Remarks made to the National Defense Transportation Association
Coast Guard Island, Alameda, CA
Tuesday, May 8, 2001
(c) Copyright 2001 by Lawrence A. Howard, all rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form or by any means without written permission from the Author.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a Risk Management Plan, or RMP for a political campaign. In Laureate Education (2015) an RMP covers all phases of a project from the initiation to the sign-off by the stakeholders and sponsors of the
campaign to the planning, executing, and controlling phases throughout, and the winding-up phase at the end (para 1).

La creciente competencia mundial dada gracias al proceso acelerado de globalización, además de la presión ejercida por la competencia local, ha suscitado la necesidad de cadenas de abastecimiento más ágiles y eficientes, pero también de cadenas de valor globales con las cuales se puedan satisfacer las exigencias del mercado sin perder competitividad. En este artículo se hace referencia a la gestión que deben realizar las compañías para la consolidación de sus relaciones comerciales con sus proveedores lo que finalmente se verá reflejado en el mejoramiento de la gestión de la cadena de suministro. En el desarrollo de este estudio se realizó una revisión de literatura sobre algunos de los métodos más utilizados para la selección y certificación de proveedores, beneficios obtenidos por las empresas al incluir dentro de sus procesos este tipo de métodos y la forma en la cual se evidencia un mejoramiento dentro de la gestión de la cadena de suministro y la eficiencia logística de la organización. Finalmente, es importante resaltar que la selección y aplicación de un método como soporte en la toma de decisión final, permitirá escoger el o los proveedores más convenientes de acuerdo con las necesidades de la empresa, con el propósito de definir una base de proveedores adecuada según los requerimientos y criterios establecidos por cada organización.

Waste management in Kenya's urban centers is becoming a momentous task considering the country's desire for a middle income industrial economy. The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) is concerned with the growing rate of waste generation that does not match the rate of collection. Among the industrial sectors that are poised to play a significant role in realization of the middle income industrial status is the textile sector. However, this is a sector that contributes to high volumes of waste generation in Kenya. Yet, it is envisaged that adoption of waste-sensitive procurement could be the panacea to waste management in the sector. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of procurement performance practices on waste management in textile firms in Nairobi City County. This study was grounded on the positivist research paradigm in adopting the ex-post facto research design, to interrogate the direct effects of the three procurement practices on waste management. Cochran's sample size formula was used to decide on a sample size of 142 employees. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to draw the required sample of employees from the respective textile firms. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising of four sections in line with the four constructs under study. Multiple regressions analyses were run to test the postulations made. The study confirmed that textile firms under investigation were not emphasizing more on waste prevention and minimization when procuring materials. This was deemed to be serious considering that supplier-prequalification, invitation to tender, and contract structure were all found to be significant and positive predictors of waste management in the textile firm's context. The conclusions made from the study findings were that; textile firms in Nairobi City County were facing the challenge of waste management due to their laxity in emphasizing waste-sensitive procurement practices. The firms however stand to gain by leveraging upon supplier pre-qualification, invitation of bids, and contract structure that are centric to waste generation. The findings of this study contribute to the theory and practice of waste management by showing that, waste is best managed at the procurement stage. This therefore implies that textile and waste management stakeholders have the onus of coming up with waste management parameters which, supplier pre-qualification, invitation to tender, and contract structure processes should aim at. Future studies should take into account other procurement practices that can be engaged to prevent and minimize waste. Moreover, there may be need to expand the geographical scope of the firms in order to boost external validity KEYWORDS Waste management, supplier pre-qualification, invitation to tender, contract structure, procurement performance International

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine the automotive product recall risk in terms of social sustainability performance and to evaluate the role of buyer-supplier relationships in improving social sustainability during product recall crises. Design/methodology/approach-A multi-methodology approach is used to empirically analyse the interrelationship between the proposed constructs and enablers of the buyer-supplier relationship. Structural equation modelling and interpretive structural modelling are followed to analyse the data gathered thorough a questionnaire survey of 204 executives and interviews with 15 managers from the automotive industry. Findings-The results of the study provide evidence regarding the impact of the responsible buyer-supplier relationship on customer recall concerns and the social sustainability performance of supply chains (SCs). This study also leads to the development of a conceptual model, providing a relationship between the three key concepts used in this study. Research limitations/implications-Following social sustainability principles, this study addresses the importance of developing strong, responsible relational ties with suppliers to reduce vehicle recalls or successfully recover from a product recall crisis. Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by providing theoretical and empirical insights for developing socially responsible SCs and confirming the role of the buyer-supplier governance mechanism during product recalls in the context of the automotive industry.

- by Dr Abhijeet Ghadge
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- Social sustainability, Supply Chain Risk Management

This is a case study analysis of the Concept Design Services business, one of Europe's most profitable plastic household products (homeware) business, with the purpose to apply the concepts of operations management, to analyze and confront the issues that the company faces, evaluate its business success, provide recommendations for improvement and solutions to the problems. This assignment critically analyzes the Concept Design Services' Strategies, the effects on Manufacturing Operations and Supply Services, the Main Features of Strategies in the 1990's, the development of New Markets, conclusions & recommendations.

From cross comparison viewpoint, this study has been designed with the objectives of: first, to explore the key influential aspects of CRM and second, to identify and critically discuss the current trends of CRM adoption. Tesco and Sainsbury's are two major retailers in the United Kingdom and taking these as the case studies. This mixed method study has employed the in depth interview techniques with the use of semi-structured questions. Major retailers in the United Kingdom have been adopting strategies and policies of customer relationship management. Results have indicated that, effective CRM can influences positively and thus to ensure business growth and profitability. The Loyalty Card holders of both Tesco and Sainsbury's do not frequently shop at other retailers, responsiveness is the key factor for effective CRM, and newsletters sent to the customers are the most reliable way for information sharing.

The amplification of demand as one move up in supply chain is considered as Bullwhip effect. Bullwhip effect creates disturbance in operations and supply chain management (OSCM). Overproduction or underproduction, unmanaged demand, short of cash-in-hand to carry out operations, excessive inventory carrying cost, decrease in service level and profit are the implications of bullwhip effect which result in disturbance of the entire supply chain. Bullwhip effect is experienced among all types of products, all types of sectors and all types of supply chain in varying quantum. The present study computes the bullwhip effect among 10 different Indian sectors from past 12-year data. The study analyzes the various changes that occur within these sectors in terms of bullwhip effect and seek the improvement in the bullwhip effect from first half to second half of data within that sector. Results show that the improvement in bullwhip is not significant. Surprisingly in many sectors, the correlation of bullwhip from first half to second half is negative in nature.

In this presentation I underline the importance of analyzing the illicit trade activities which the North Korean state employees had organized prior to their defection. Their supply chains are not targetted by the control measures which the United Nations Security Council has implemented to counter the state-organized trade activities that have their origins in North Korea. Hence, in case of a system collapse the supply chains of the state employee-organized trade could serve for the purpose of a WMD proliferation. The latter risk neither has been resarched nor openly discussed among scholars yet. My research shall facilitate further research and an open discussion for an adjustment of the UNSC´s sanctions to better tackle the risk of a WMD proliferation in case of a regime instability or a system collapse.

- by Dr. Charles A Denkowski, M.A. D.U.
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- Police Science, Border Studies, State crime, Nuclear Weapons