Tecnología Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Objetivo/contexto: Con esta presentación (y este dossier) buscamos propiciar la reflexión y el debate de nuevas perspectivas frente a las problematizadas pero, de algún modo, todavía predominantes narraciones de una historia de la ciencia... more

Objetivo/contexto: Con esta presentación (y este dossier) buscamos propiciar la reflexión y el debate de nuevas perspectivas frente a las problematizadas pero, de algún modo, todavía predominantes narraciones de una historia de la ciencia basada en la Europa del norte y occidental. En particular buscamos propiciar la reflexión y el debate sobre el rol del mundo híbrido iberoamericano y el rol de los saberes indígenas en los procesos de emergencia de la ciencia moderna. Metodología: En el mundo del Atlántico de los siglos XVI al XIX se resolvieron problemas de comercio de larga distancia, de control de poblaciones, recursos y territorios, y de comunicación a través de prácticas e instituciones que enfatizaron lo empírico y la experiencia personal. A consecuencia de estas prácticas e instituciones, surgieron saberes científicos definitivos en la historia de la ciencia moderna. En ese contexto, los autores de los artículos incluidos en el dossier, desde múltiples perspectivas, métodos y evidencia empírica, analizan intercambios culturales que nos permiten entender mejor cómo los cristianos expandieron y corrigieron sus conocimientos de medicina, geografía e historia natural (para mencionar sólo unos áreas del saber) más allá de los conocimientos dominantes de la Antigüedad clásica y el cristianismo. Así, se hace evidente que de los saberes indígenas y sus relecturas emergieron prácticas epistemológicas nuevas. También, que el Atlántico de los siglos XVI al XIX fue un mundo donde los encuentros entre nativos americanos, africanos y europeos crearon, entre otras cosas, ciencias y tecnologías nuevas. Originalidad: Desde hace unos quince años, investigadores en Estados Unidos, América Latina y España han propuesto importantes argumentos para explicar las conexiones entre el mundo iberoamericano, los saberes indígenas y las nuevas prácticas de conocimiento que llamamos ciencia moderna. Con este dossier damos una muestra del estado de estas investigaciones, las cuales cuestionan las nociones de modernidad y globalidad europeas que todavía definen el trabajo académico sobre la ciencia en el mundo atlántico. Conclusiones: Si bien no se pretende ofrecer un estado del arte exhaustivo, el texto hace evidente la importancia de nuevas preguntas sobre la producción de conocimiento en el contexto de la exploración y conquista europeas del Nuevo Mundo. Se destaca la necesidad de una mejor comprensión de los encuentros de saberes europeos y americanos y se hace evidente la importancia de estas dinámicas de producción de conocimiento en la historia de la modernidad europea. El texto presenta de manera breve cada una de las contribuciones a este volumen.

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Objective/context: With this introduction (and this dossier) we seek to encourage reflection and debate around new perspectives in the face of the problematized but, in some way, still predominant narratives of a history of science centered on northern and western Europe. In particular, we seek to encourage reflection and debate on the role of the Ibero-American hybrid world and the role of indigenous knowledge in the rise of modern science. Methodology: In the Atlantic World, from the 16th to the 19th century, the solutions to problems related to long distance trade, communication, and control over populations, resources and territories, came through practices and institutions that emphasized empirical knowledge and personal experience. These practices and institutions produced definitive scientific knowledge for the history of modern science. In this context, the authors of the articles included in the dossier employ multiple perspectives, methods and empirical evidence to analyze cultural exchanges, and to better understand how Christians expanded and corrected their knowledge of medicine, geography and natural history (to mention only a few domains of knowledge) beyond the dominant knowledge of classical antiquity and Christianity. It became clear that indigenous knowledge and its re-readings gave rise to new epistemological practices. Also, that the Atlantic world from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries was a space where meetings between Native Americans, Africans and Europeans created, among other things, new sciences and technologies. Originality: For about fifteen years, researchers in the United States, Latin America and Spain have proposed major arguments that aim to explain the connections between the Ibero-American world, indigenous knowledge, and the new knowledge practices that we call modern science. With this dossier we offer a sample of the state of these investigations, which question the notions of European modernity and globality that still define academic works on science in the Atlantic world. Conclusions: Although we don’t intended to offer an exhaustive state of the art, this work illustrates the importance of asking new questions about the production of knowledge in the context of the European exploration and conquest of the New World. We underscore the need for a better understanding of the encounters of European and American knowledge, and the importance of these knowledge production dynamics in the history of European modernity. This text briefly presents each of the contributions to this volume.

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Objective/context: With this introduction (and this dossier) we seek to encourage reflection and debate around new perspectives in the face of the problematized but, in some way, still predominant narratives of a history of science centered on northern and western Europe. In particular, we seek to encourage reflection and debate on the role of the Ibero-American hybrid world and the role of indigenous knowledge in the rise of modern science. Methodology: In the Atlantic World, from the 16th to the 19th century, the solutions to problems related to long distance trade, communication, and control over populations, resources and territories, came through practices and institutions that emphasized empirical knowledge and personal experience. These practices and institutions produced definitive scientific knowledge for the history of modern science. In this context, the authors of the articles included in the dossier employ multiple perspectives, methods and empirical evidence to analyze cultural exchanges, and to better understand how Christians expanded and corrected their knowledge of medicine, geography and natural history (to mention only a few domains of knowledge) beyond the dominant knowledge of classical antiquity and Christianity. It became clear that indigenous knowledge and its re-readings gave rise to new epistemological practices. Also, that the Atlantic world from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries was a space where meetings between Native Americans, Africans and Europeans created, among other things, new sciences and technologies. Originality: For about fifteen years, researchers in the United States, Latin America and Spain have proposed major arguments that aim to explain the connections between the Ibero-American world, indigenous knowledge, and the new knowledge practices that we call modern science. With this dossier we offer a sample of the state of these investigations, which question the notions of European modernity and globality that still define academic works on science in the Atlantic world. Conclusions: Although we don’t intended to offer an exhaustive state of the art, this work illustrates the importance of asking new questions about the production of knowledge in the context of the European exploration and conquest of the New World. We underscore the need for a better understanding of the encounters of European and American knowledge, and the importance of these knowledge production dynamics in the history of European modernity. This text briefly presents each of the contributions to this volume.