The Cherniachov Culture Research Papers (original) (raw)

2025, M. Puglisi, K. Mannino, D. Castrizio, B. Carroccio (eds), Magistra Optima. Scritti in onore di Maria Caltabiano per i suoi 50 anni di studi numismatici, Messina-Roma: Arbor Sapientiae Editore, 53-59

2025, B. Niezabitowska-Wiśniewska (red.), Ulów – archeologiczna perła Roztocza. Wielokulturowy zespół osadniczy w świetle wyników badań interdyscyplinarnych. Lublin: Instytut Archeologii, Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 600-624.

biór antycznych monet z Ulowa, dostępny dla badań, liczy ogółem 36 okazów. Zdecydowana większość z nich znaleziona została przez detektorystów. Tylko trzy pochodzą z badań wykopaliskowych (stan. 6, 7 i 9). Z mniejszym lub większym prawdopodobieństwem udało się też ustalić miejsca znalezienia okazów odkrytych przez wykrywaczowców. Pochodzą one ze stanowisk 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 i 31 lub z ich okolic (ryc. 1, 2). Przeważająca większość monet należy do rzymskich denarów I-II w. (30 egz.; 85,71%). W pojedynczych przypadkach reprezentowane są antoninian i aureus (po 2,78%). Osobną kategorię stanowią monety barbarzyńskich warsztatów nieoficjalnych: trzy denarii flati (8,3%) oraz jedno złote naśladownictwo (2,78%). Wśród monet emisji oficjalnych najwcześniejsze należą do emisji Wespazjana w Rzymie z 70 r. n.e. Najmłodszą monetą w zbiorze jest antoninian Woluzjana, wybity między 251 a 253 r. n.e. w Mediolanie. Rozkład monet według emitentów przedstawiono w tabeli 1. Wymienione powyżej kategorie monet zostaną scharakteryzowane poniżej. Najwcześniejsze monety z Ulowa obejmują denary z dynastii Flawiuszów (5 okazów, 13,89%), które są reprezentowane przez emisje Wespazjana, w tym z portretem Tytusa. Jednak większość denarów należy do emisji dynastii Antoninów (23 okazy, 63,89%). Są one reprezentowane przez monety z portretami Trajana, Hadriana, Antoninusa Piusa, Marka Aureliusza i Kommodusa, a także członków ich rodzin. Późniejsze denary obejmują dwie monety Septymiusza Sewera wybite w latach 193-194 (5,57%). Ogólnie rzecz biorąc, monety te należą do dość powszechnych typów denarów o wysokiej zawartości srebra (tab. 2) 1 , odkrytych w dużej liczbie zarówno wśród pojedynczych znalezisk, jak i w skarbach w całym Barbaricum. Problem ich napływu do Barbaricum był już wielokrotnie 1 Za wyjątek należy uznać denar Antoninusa Piusa z portretem Marka Aureliusza w randze cesarza (nr kat. 20), który zawiera tylko 68,33% srebra i aż 22,96% ołowiu (por. tab. 2). Moneta nie ma śladów odlewania jak w przypadku denarii flati i najpewniej stanowi produkcję oficjalnej mennicy w Rzymie. Niską zawartość srebra w monecie można wyjaśnić albo naturą techniczną, związaną z niedoskonałościami użycia metody XRF (co jest mniej prawdopodobne w tym konkretnym przypadku), albo z pewnymi nieoficjalnymi modyfikacjami stopu metalu jeszcze w starożytności.

2025, Академический Летописец

Опубликовано в: Академический Летописец. — 2019. — №1. — С.40–43.

2025, Музейний щорічник Чернівецького обласного краєзнавчого музею. 6-8

Музейний щорічник Чернівецького обласного краєзнавчого музею / відп. ред. О. В. Ротар. -Чернівці : Друк Арт, 2023. -Вип. 6-8 (2021-2023). -320 с. ISBN 978-617-8129-22-4 До даного випуску увійшли статті й повідомлення співробітників Чернівецького обласного краєзнавчого музею та інших наукових установ. Опубліковано дослідження з історії, археології та народознавства. Надруковано матеріали, присвячені літературі, мистецтву і музейній справі. Окремими розділами представлені відомі персоналії та природа нашого краю. Видання розраховане на співробітників наукових установ, працівників освітніх закладів, здобувачів освіти та краєзнавців. УДК 069:908(477.85)(084)

2025

Старожитності та історія Кременчука: збірник наукових праць / Центр пам’яткознавства НАН України і УТОПІК; Департамент культури і туризму Полтавської ОДА; Виконавчий комітет Кременчуцької міської ради; Полтавський краєзнавчий музей імені... more

2025, BURIALS WITH BUCKETS AT THE OSTRIV THE 11th CENTURY CEMETERY IN THE MIDDLE DNIPRO REGION. LIETUVOS ARCHEOLOGIJA. 2022. T. 48, p. 221–284

he article focuses on the analysis of the wooden buckets used in human burials of the Ostriv cemetery
studied in 2017–2020. The discovery of dominant culture-defining artefacts, such as penannular and
ring brooches, zoomorphic bracelets, and spiral neck-rings, suggest that this ancient population may
be originated from the coastal part of the East Baltic region, including Sambian Peninsula, historical
Curonia and Semigallia and the results of anthropological and paleogenetic studies reinforce this theory.
One of the characteristic features of the burial rite of the Ostriv cemetery was the presence of sacrificial
food stored in vessels (buckets). Remnants of buckets – in the form of bandings hoops, handle mounts, and
forged handles – were found placed at the feet of the deceased. Taking into account the fact that buckets
were not generally incorporated into the burial practices of the Baltic tribes of that time, the authors
of the article suggest that this rite infiltrated into their society after migration to the Porossya region
of Ukraine and was associated with the complex processes of the Christianization of the Baltic settlers.

2025, Археологія Буковини: здобутки та перспективи: Тези доповідей VІІІ міжнародного наукового семінару (м. Чернівці, 6 грудня 2024 р.).

Коротка інформація про розкопки на поселенні та могильнику біля с.Комарів в 2024.

2025, Археологія, 2015, № 1

Огляд історії вивчення аттичної чорнолакової кераміки, що походить з розкопок античних пам’яток Північного Причорномор’я, дав змогу виділити три основні етапи в дослідженні цього різновиду довізного посуду. Охарактеризовано нинішній стан... more

2025, Counterfeits, Imitations, and Copies of Roman Imperial Denarii: Making and Faking Coins on Both Sides of the Limes, ed. by Arkadiusz Dymowski and Kyrylo Myzgin, WSA, 8 (Turnhout, 2024)

The territory of Belarus is a peripheral zone of the distribution of cast barbarian copies of Roman imperial denarii. Their distribution in the region is associated primarily with the population of the Wielbark culture and its lively contacts with the Chernyakhiv culture, where cast copies were produced, and with the neighbouring Balt cultures on whose territory a small number of these coins is also recorded. A study of cast copies of Roman denarii using LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) showed that their elemental composition is very diverse — from specimens made of alloys based on copper, tin, or lead to coins with a very high silver content.

2025

In Dymowski A., Myzgin K. (eds.). Counterfeits, Imitations, and Copies of Roman Imperial Denarii. Making and Faking Coins on Both Sides of the Limes. Turnhout: Brepols, р.169-179. 2024. The article discusses the results yielded by... more

2025, in: Dymowski A., Myzgin K. (eds.), Counterfeits, Imitations, and Copies of Roman Imperial Denarii. Making and Faking Coins on Both Sides of the Limes. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 181-216.

2025, in: Dymowski A., Myzgin K. (eds.), Counterfeits, Imitations, and Copies of Roman Imperial Denarii. Making and Faking Coins on Both Sides of the Limes. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 169-179

In the Institute of Applied Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NAS), performed a series of analyses of the chemical composition of the metal of cast copies of Roman denarii and waste from their production recovered on the territory of Ukraine. Two methods were used: X-ray uorescence (XRF) and Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) depending on whether the samples were available for laboratory (stationary) analysis, as required by PIXE, or had to be analysed outside the laboratory, in which case the method used was XRF, carried out with a handheld device. Below we report in brief on this research and the results obtained.

2025

Roman Imperial denarii from the first–third centuries ad are, almost without exception, the most common ancient coinage to be found in Central, Northern, and Eastern Europe beyond the Roman limes. Perhaps surprisingly, however, a... more

2025, АРХЕОЛОГІЯ І ДАВНЯ ІСТОРІЯ УКРАїІНИ

MInIng of saLt In north PontIC
and CrIMea (by archaeological and
ethnological sources)
By sources of archaeology and ethnology, salt in
past was exchange equivalent. Presence of salt played
important role — as for the processes of human vital
functions, so for development of economy and trade.
Supposed, that exchange of salt assisted forming of
trade-exchanging ways, appearance of prestigious artifacts. Written sources shows that in certain places of
globe salt played «role of irst money». During project
«Scansen» in Komsomolsk town different ways of getting salt, known by archaeological and historian sources, can be reconstructed. In this case salt solution of
essential concentration (gotten by artiicial way) will
be used in pulls, salt-ponds, during steaming in vessels
that are placed in special ovens and pits. Of wet salt
will be maiden souvenirs, selling of which will help salt
complex.
K e y w o r d s: Scansen, soil cristallization, soil boil

2025, Bulletin du cercle d'études numismatiques Volume 60, n° 3

Abstract – In this paper, all the specimens known to me of gold coins struck at the mint of Viminacium during the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus are listed and described, along with a number of ‘denarii’
and ‘quinarii’ in silver or billon which may actually be offstrikes from dies also used for gold coins. The iconography and possible intended function of these coins is then discussed

2025, COINS FROM ROMAN SITES AND COLLECTIONS OF ROMAN COINS FROM ROMANIA

Plate. The reconstruction of coins' location at the findspot.

2025, Arheologia Preventivă în Republica Moldova, Vol. V. 2024

This article presents the results of rescue archaeological research conducted on the Călărași IV settlement. The site is located on the Central Moldavian Plateau, in the Bâc river basin. In 2018, a ground-dwelling was investigated here. The dwelling of an irregular shape was revealed at a depth of 55 cm from the modern-day surface. According to the stratigraphic data, the burnt clay platform probably represents fragments of collapsed walls of a one-story structure. Pottery found in the dwelling consists of fragments and entire vessels. It can be roughly divided into three categories: painted pottery, unpainted pottery, and pottery with the inclusion of crushed shells. Painted pottery predominates by percentage, most of the vessels were painted with dark brown paint over white-yellow engobe or reddish paint. As a result of comparison of ceramics with similar finds from the other sites, we dated back this Eneolithic
settlement to the initial phase B (sub-phase B1b) of the Cucuteni culture. In general, the painting of the pottery looks rather peculiar for the Cucuteni sites in the Central Moldavian Plateau. The painted ornament of the vessels is close to the stylistic subgroups of the ε1a and ε1b groups. To the west, on the settlements of Cucuteni B in the Bahlui river basin, compositional motifs of “Tangentenkreisband”, similar to those found on the Călărași IV site, were found on the settlements of Buznea-Siliște-După Gradini, Cucuteni-Băiceni-Cetățuia (Cucuteni B1b horizon). To the north, we find analogies to decor and ceramic forms in the settlements of Ștefănești-Stânca Doamnei, Brânzeni VIII-Sâeci and Mereșeuca-Cetățuie (Cucuteni B horizon).

2025, The Newsletter of the International Society for Archaeological Prospection

In July 2021 geophysical investigations were performed to investigate the newly discovered site named Buzovytsia-1 situated in the Chernivtsi region of Ukraine, and preliminarily attributed to the ChernyakhivSântana de Mureş... more

In July 2021 geophysical investigations were performed to investigate the
newly discovered site named Buzovytsia-1 situated in the Chernivtsi region of Ukraine, and preliminarily attributed to the ChernyakhivSântana de Mureş archaeological culture

2025

Підписано до друку 07.12.2010 р. Формат 60х84/16. Папір офсет. Гарн. Times New Roman.

2025, Емиль Искендеров - Мартин Грубер, Ахеменидское поселение Дара Ятах в Гараджемирли, Azərbaycan Arxeologiyası 25/1, 2023, 8–37

The excavations at Dara Yatax revealed the remains of a settlement which was founded probably in connection with the establishment of the Achaemenid residence at Karacamirli in the second quarter of the 5th cent. BC and it remained inhabited until at least the late 4th or beginning of the 3rd cent. BC, when the major Achaemenid buildings had already lost their original function and were gradually exposed to decay. The archaeological features at Dara Yatax included burials, a pit-house and various storage and rubbish pits which were all dug from a not preserved level. On the basis of their pottery contents, at least three different chronological stages could be distinguished.
In the beginning the site appears to have been used as a burial ground. The ceramic vessels found in Burial KG-128 and in the two pottery deposits, for which a burial context can also made plausible, show links to Iberian pottery assemblages of the 5th cent. BC and early 4th cent. BC. If these burials pre-dated the settlement or were interred at the time of its formation, remains an open question. It is, however, clear that at some point the settlement extended over the former burial ground and at least three deep bottle-shaped storage pits were dug in that area. In the case of KG-129, the pit cut through parts of Burial KG-128, confirming the later date of the pits, even though the pottery in their secondary fill also points to a date in the mid-1st millennium BC, implying a rather short period of time between those features. The burial ground might well represent the initial phase of the Achaemenid arrival at Karacamirli, while the storage pits contained several typical vessels of the Achaemenid period (in particular phialai), giving the impression that they were contemporary with the main phase of the Achaemenid presence, when the adjacent administrative complex was established.
Judging by the finds of red-painted pottery in the large pit KG-139/KG-156 the settlement continued to exist into the post-Achaemenid occupation at Karacamirli. This also applies to the pit-house KG-085 which appears to have been inhabited throughout the entire history of the settlement, as it contained sherds of all stages, including examples following the local material culture reminiscent of the preceding Late Bronze and Early Iron Age periods.

2025

Монографія присвячена старожитностям черняхівської та вельбарської культур (III — початок V ст. н. е.), виявленим у північно-західних областях України. Книга містить нарис історії, господарства та побуту населення, що залишило ці культури, а також історію їх досліджень. Головною частиною є каталоги археологічних пам’яток із їх стислою характеристикою. Для археологів, істориків, працівників системи охорони пам’яток, краєзнавців і всіх, хто цікавиться минулим нашої країни.

2025, Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology, 11-3, 172-213.

The aim of this article is to examine the typological spectrum of
Roman glass vessels discovered in the Cherniakhiv/Sântana de Mureș area. The
analysis is primarily focused on the chronology of the circulation and distribution
patterns of the various glass types of Roman origin represented in Eastern
Europe during the late Roman and early Migration periods.
In my opinion, there are only two conditions that allow us to associate certain
types of barbarian glass vessels with Roman origin with relative assurance: if
their production within the Empire is documented in written or archaeological
sources, and if they have identical parallels among the widespread synchronous
glassware forms in the Roman provinces. A total of fourteen types of glassware
from the Cherniakhiv/Sântana de Mureș area meet the aforementioned criteria.
These include mainly cups and beakers, which were widely used in various
Roman territories. The majority of glass vessels of Roman origin come from
funerary assemblages.
It seems likely that one of the main transit points for glass objects from different
parts of the Empire into the area of the Cherniakhiv/Sântana de Mureș
culture was the Lower Danube provinces. Another possible route of imported
glass goods to the local population may also have passed through the North
Pontic cities.
First introduced into the Cherniakhiv/Sântana de Mureș area in the second half
of the third century, imported glass objects circulated alongside the other categories
of the local material culture until the second third of the fifth century.
Over this time, their number increased considerably, from a few heterogeneous
glass cups in the early phases of the culture to several dozen rather uniform
conical beakers during the early Migration period. This shift appears to have
occurred approximately in the mid-fourth century and was evidently related to
the significant changes in Roman-Gothic interaction following the recognition
of the latter as foederati of the Empire by Constantine I.

2025, Archaeologia Polona 62

The article analyses the finds of Roman coins, and their imitations and copies found in the Cherniakhiv culture area in the Northern Black Sea Littoral region. There are several peculiarities of their distribution: the almost complete absence of hoards of Roman denarii or their copies and imitations; a small number of finds of antoniniani, Roman provincial coins, aurei, gold and gold-plated imitations and solidi; a considerable spread of single finds of Roman Imperial denarii and late Roman bronze issues, the presence of siliqua finds. All of these distinguish this region from other areas of the Cherniakhiv culture, which may be due to several different reasons.

2025, Матеріали і дослідження з археології Прикарпаття і Волині 28

Розглянуто історію і сучасний стан досліджень скарбу римських імператорських денаріїв, випадково відкритого 1975 р. біля с. Словіта (Львівська обл.). Депозит було виявлено під час розширення дороги на південно-східній околиці села. Зауважено, що перше коротке повідомлення про скарб, здійснене у газеті «Труд», містило кілька помилкових свідчень. Завдяки архівним джерелам, зокрема неопублікованій «Історії села Словіта» місцевої вчительки історії Марії Занік, вияснено, що справжнім відкривачем депозиту був не Ярослав Кіндрат (як вважали раніше), а житель сусіднього села Якторів – Михайло Куниця. Також встановлено, що одними з перших на місце знахідки потрапили місцеві діти-пастухи, у яких згодом монети вилучила міліція. Встановлено, що сама М. Занік разом з учнями на місці виявлення знайшла ще три монети. Увесь скарб у кількості 270 шт. передано до місцевого музею у с. Словіта, а не до музею в м. Золочів, як це помилково зазначав Володислав Кропоткін, проте 1981 р. музей було тимчасово закрито, а після його відновлення у 1992 р. скарбу монет в експозиції та фондах уже не було. Опубліковано новітню знахідку денарію, яка входила до його складу та була випадково знайдена 2019 р.: денарій імператора Тіта, відкарбований у 80 р. у Римі (RIC II.12 Titus 122). Стверджено, що ця знахідка не тільки посередньо підтверджує місце розташування депозиту, але і його дуже ранню хронологічну стуктуру – цей скарб міг бути залишений населенням з однієї з навколишніх пам’яток ранньоримського або пізньоримського часу (липицької, пшеворської або черняхівської культур). Зауважено, що сам скарб перебував в гущі ареалу скарбів римських денаріїв, тобто в регіоні, де варварське населення мало давню та активну традицію користування римськими монетами й депонування їх. Типологічно найближчим до скарбу зі Словіти може бути депозит із с. Хідновичі Львівської обл.

2025, Revue belge de Numismatique et de Sigillographie CLXX, 455-475

The text discusses a group of gold, mostly pierced barbarian imitations characterised by the following features: high weight around 6.3 g, obverse images modelled on portraits of emperors in power around AD 250, good quality of iconography of the reverse made in high relief, circular pseudo-legend made with a set of the same piece-punches and die-links of obverse and/or reverse depictions. We referred to it as the “Ulów type” after the name of the village in south-eastern Poland where the imitation representing this type was found in a recorded context: a Gothic cemetery excavated by archaeologists. To date we have identified 31 pieces struck with four obverse and seven reverse dies. These are probably one of the oldest gold imitations crafted in a Germanic environment probably in the third quarter of the 3rd century AD in the areas of western Ukraine, settled at that time by communities of Chernyakhiv archaeological culture. The text analyses possible technologies of their production and the functions they performed for local elites.

2025

ПЕТIЛЬЙОН Ж-М., КАТТЛЕН П. Експериментальні докази використання списометалки в пізньому верхньому палеоліті (верхній мадлен) з печери Істюриц, Атлантичні Піренеї, Франція МАНЬКО В.О., ЧХАТАРАШВІЛI Г.Л. Закавказзя та неоліт Східної Європи ЕВЕРIЛЛ П., МУРҐУЛIЯ Н., БЕННЕТ Р., ЛОМIТАШВIЛI Д. Автентична й терапевтична взаємодія ветеранів із минулим у Нокалакеві в Грузії та в британському проєкті «Breaking Ground Heritage» ФОРНАСЬЄ Й., БУЙСЬКИХ А. В., КУЗЬМІ-ЩЕВ О. Г. Міське планування з божественним захистом? Про розташування (при)міських святилищ в Ольвії Понтійській в архаїчно-класичний період Статтi PÉTILLON J.-M., CATTELAIN P. Experimental Evidence of Spear-thrower Use in the Late Upper Palaeolithic (Upper Magdalenian) from the Isturitz Cave Site,

2024

The article is devoted to the localization of one of the crossings of the Vorskla River near the village of Bilsk. The Bilsk crossing is mentioned in written sources only once without its exact location. This is a little-known river crossing, but its functioning is closely related to the history of the region's settlement and the development of transport infrastructure. The aim of the work is to determine the location of the Bilsk crossing in the early modern period, to find out the features of its structure and functioning, as well as to analyze archaeological artifacts that may be related to the functioning of the crossing. To solve this problem, the methods inherent in complex source studies were applied. They combine the analysis of written sources, data from archaeological excavations and surveys, and remote sensing of certain areas. The latest remote sensing devices were used -unmanned aerial vehicles and ground-based LIDAR. These devices made it possible to obtain a detailed view of the area, which is covered with dense forest, as well as to display artificial transformations that arose during the operation of the crossing. Conclusions. As a result of applying the data obtained, the places where a stop could have taken place before crossing the river were identified. One of the key points of the study is to identify the places where the descent into the floodplain and ascent to the original bank took place. As a starting point for the research, we chose the village of Bilsk as the place name that gave the crossing its name. Subsequently, we analyzed the hydrographic objects -the Vorskla and Rubizhna rivers -and found out their flows in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries based on maps. More attention was paid to determining the location of the crossing on the left bank of the Vorskla River, as the choice of a place to ascend is not as obvious as on the right bank. To confirm our assumption, we used data from archaeological surveys on the left bank of the Vorskla River, north of Kotelva. According to the research, artifacts of the Cossack period were found in only one place, namely at the settlement "Staryi Karier" in the Zinkivshchyna tract. All of the discovered artifacts date back to the seventeenth to eighteenth centuries and are somehow related to vehicles or items needed for travel. Indirect evidence is the absence of ceramics from this period, which excludes the possibility of a small farm in the early modern period. The analysis

2024

В статті розглядається можливість сільського ювелірного виробництва на Західному Поділлі, дається характеристика досліджених ювелірних майстерень, опис та датування ювелірних виробів, знайдених під час археологічних досліджень в... more

В статті розглядається можливість сільського ювелірного виробництва на Західному Поділлі,
дається характеристика досліджених ювелірних
майстерень, опис та датування ювелірних виробів,
знайдених під час археологічних досліджень в Тернопільській області.
Ключові слова: Ювелірні вироби, майстерня, скроневі кільця, персні.

2024, Archaeologia Polona

The article presents materials from the glass-production workshop of the Hunnic times found near Komariv on the middle Dnister, which was the only such workshop on the territory of European Barbaricum. In 2021, we investigated a buried structure, where remains of mostly semi-finished
glass products, production waste, and finished vessels were found. Fragments of Cherniakhiv culture wheel-made pottery and hand-made vessels; Roman amphorae; coins; fibulae; a mirror; an arrowhead, etc. also come from the building. The nature of the glass finds indicates that
the structure, dated to the mid-5th century AD, was associated with glass production. The workshop, built in the same period as a building on a stone foundation, could have formed a single complex. The finds and the object’s dating are evidence that glass processing was practiced also
in the Hunnic times in the Cherniakhiv culture.

2024

The Verkhorechensky cemetery is located in the southwestern part of the Crimean peninsula, in a narrow valley of the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains, formed by the flow of the Kacha River (fig. 1, 2). It occupies part of the northern slope of the Kacha Canyon between the Belaya and Belaya Gorka mountains, 350 m north of the modern riverbed. At a distance of about 3 km to the northwest of the cemetery the "cave towns" Tepe-Kermen and Kyz-Kermen are situated, Kachi-Kalyon is 6 km to the west.
Until 1946, the village of Verkhorechye, located 1.65 km east of the cemetery, was called Biya-Sala. It was first mentioned in a Turkish tax register in 1652. In the 19th – early 21st cc., a number of archaeological sites were discovered and described on the territory of the village and in its immediate vicinity (fig. 1): the medieval cemetery with a tombstone from 1363, the Church of John the Baptist built in 1587, an early medieval settlement, a late medieval settlement and necropolis, and a Muslim cemetery from the Modern Age. The density of archaeological sites indicates active development of this region since at least the early Middle Ages.
The Verkhorechensky cemetery was known to archaeologists until 1941. Its first archaeological excavations were carried out in 1947. During the construction of the Bakhchisarai–Sinapnoye road, several burial structures of the cemetery were destroyed by construction equipment. One of the underground vaults was investigated by P.P. Babenchikov. Archival materials related to these excavations include one photograph (fig. 28), drawings of individual artifacts (fig. 29), and an inventory of the finds.
From 1997 until the mid-2000s, the site was subjected to large-scale robbery excavations, as a result of which the southern part of the cemetery was almost completely destroyed. In 1998, A.A. Voloshinov and I.I. Nenevolya completed the investigation of the vault, dated to the second half of the 8th – first half of the 9th cc.
To date, the total area of the burial ground is 20,684 m2. 1,500 m2 are occupied by the Bakhchisaray–Sinapnoye road, which divides the territory of the cemetery into two parts (fig. 3). 5000 m2 were totally robbed at the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st cc.
The 2018 research site is located in the central part of the cemetery. It was a strip 210 m long and 3 m wide, adjacent to the northern edge of the road. The natural topography of the site was significantly altered during road construction in the 1940s and subsequent slope trimming. The result of these events was the partial destruction of almost all burial structures discovered in 2018.
The work area was divided into eight sections, each 25 m long. The total excavation area was 636 m2. The stratigraphic column included two layers. Layer 1 did not contain any finds. Layer 2 contained 284 fragments of ceramic items from different periods, dating from the early Middle Ages to the 19th c. In addition, layer 2 contained construction waste from the 20th c., which indicates that it was formed during the construction of the road.
In the 2018 research area, 21 underground vaults, 7 undercut graves and seven pits were excavated (fig. 14). The description of the structures and a catalogue of finds are given in Chapter 2 of the monograph. Chapter 3 contains a detailed description of the anthropological material obtained and tables of individual measurements of skeletal remains.
In 2018, burial structures of two types were excavated at the Verkhorechensky cemetery: underground vaults and undercut graves. All vaults are T-shaped, formed by a rectangular or trapezoidal entrance pit and a burial chamber perpendicular to it. Most of the vaults are oriented along the south-north, southeast-northwest and southwest-northeast axes. In vaults 7, 8, 10 and 14, short corridors were recorded between the entrance pit and the burial chamber. In vaults 10 and 17, the remains of the stone barrier for the entrance have been preserved.
From the point of view of construction, the vaults of the Verkhorechensky cemetery are close to the T-shaped vaults of the variant 3 according to the classification of A.I. Aibabin. Such burial structures became widespread in the Mountainous Crimea from the second half of the 5th c. and continued to be used for centuries to come. In addition, the vaults of the Verkhorechensky cemetery are structurally similar to the vaults of group D, discovered in the Mangup district and dated to the second half of the 6th – 8th cc.
The vaults were used as collective burial places. The remains of one individual were found only in the partly destroyed vault 17. The remaining vaults contained the bones of at least two people. The maximum number of burials (23) was recorded in vault 2.
The second type of burial structures recorded at the Verkhorechensky cemetery are undercut graves. Six of the seven excavated complexes are oriented similarly to the vaults. From the construction point of view, undercut graves can be divided into two groups. The first group includes undercut graves 2–7. They have one burial chamber, cut into one of the long walls of the entrance pit. In the undercut grave 1 chambers are built on both sides. The graves of the first group were used for individual burials, in the undercut grave 1 two individuals were probably buried.
Judging by the preserved fragments of skeletons in situ, all burials at the Verkhorechensky cemetery were performed in an extended position, on the back. In all cases, the buried were laid with their feet towards the entrance to the burial chamber and their heads to the north, northwest or northeast. The only case of burial in a wooden coffin was recorded in vault 2. The skeletons discovered in the undercut graves were oriented parallel to the long axes of the burial structures. Pits 1–4 were probably used for the funeral feast.
The surviving burial inventory made it possible to determine the time of functioning of the Verkhorechensky cemetery within the 7th–9th cc. According to the construction of the vaults and undercut graves, the burial practice and inventory, the Verkhorechensky cemetery is a typical early medieval rural necropolis that belonged to the Gothic-Alanian population of Southwestern Taurica.

2024, EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE CEMETERY OF THE PRZEWORSK CULTURE IN THE VICINITY OF THE VILLAGE OF VELYKA DIBROVA IN THE LVIV REGION

In the spring of 2021, a set of materials containing two spearheads, two umbons and several small items was transferred to the funds of the Municipal Institution of the Lviv Regional Council «Museum of History and Local Lore». Unfortunately, the bronze brooches found in this area have not yet been transferred to the museum. All of them were found by a local resident with the help of a metal detector in the village of Velyka Dibrova, Yavoriv district, Lviv region. Their use as burial equipment was indicated by traces of the hearth and the remains of small calcined bones.
In May 2021, exploration research was conducted at the site. Their aim was to establish the nature of the newly discovered archeological site and the availability of promising sites for further work.
Five pits with a total area of 6 square meters were laid in the specified area. As a result, the remains of destroyed cremation burials with accompanying inventory in the form of stucco pottery and iron products with traces of intentional damage and secondary incineration were recorded. The finds have wide analogies on the monuments of Przeworsk culture from Poland and Western Ukraine.
The presence of A84-type fibulae on the territory of the monument allows to date it to B2b-B2/C1. It is worth noting that the monuments of Przeworsk culture from this chronological stage in Ukraine have not been known so far.

2024, Archaeologia Polona. Vol. 62

The article presents materials related to the existence of Tyras in the late Roman period. Based on the available data, it is assumed that there were two phases in the existence of the city in Late Antiquity. In the first phase (second half of the 3rd to the third quarter of the 4th century AD), life in the city was restored after the barbarian raids. The Goths became the main military and political force in the steppe area of the Northwestern Black Sea region. Tyras was still receiving imported goods. However, its life was completely included in the orbit of barbarian interests. Cherniakhiv-tradition artefacts appeared in their material culture. Tyras was also receiving imported goods from Asia Minor, the Bosporus, Greece, and the Danube region. Amphoras of the Gaza type were imported in small quantities. In the second phase (last quarter of the 4th to the beginning of the 5th century AD), Tyras was still inhabited by the people who had not left the city during the Hun invasion. A few dishes of the Late Roman C / Phocaean Red Slip Ware group were delivered there, and glass dishes of Middle Eastern production and lamps with Christian symbols were used. Eastern imperial coins were in circulation. It is not known how the relations of the inhabitants of Tyras with the Huns developed. Obviously, the population was small and soon left the city forever.

2024, Імперії і варвари. Збірник наукових праць до 80-річчя від дня народження Олега Михайловича Приходнюка

The article is devoted to the analysis of practices of the stone structures usage in the arrangement of inhumation graves in the area of Chernyakhiv culture in the territory of Middle Dniester region.

2024, AO: Nomina nuda tenemus. Меморіальні читання А. О. Добролюбського. Одеса

After the events of the mid-3rd century AD, associated with mass barbarian
invasions, life in Tyras resumed. The barbarians, who had settled in the steppes of the
Northwestern Black Sea region, became the main military and political force here. In material
culture, there is a high percentage of items characteristic of the Chernyakhiv culture.
There are few known construction and economic complexes, ceramic and glass imported
goods, as well as coins. A small group of items stands out, which may indicate the continued
existence of Tyras after the Hunnic invasion.

2024

История и археология Крыма. Вып. ХXII. Сборник кратких сообщений по итогам полевого археологического сезона 2023 года на Крымском полуострове / Ответственный редактор В. В. Майко.-Симферополь : ИТ «АРИАЛ», 2024.-292 с., ил.

2024, Certetări Arheologice. Vol. 31.2.

After the events of the middle of the 3rd century AD, associated with mass barbarian invasions, life in Tyras resumed. The barbarians, who had settled in the steppes of the NorthWestern Black Sea region, became the main military and political force there. In material culture, there is a high percentage of items characteristic of the Cherniakhiv-Sântana de Mureş culture. Few constructions and complexes, ceramic and glass imported goods, as well as coins are known from this period. Apparently, the barbarian population remained in Tyras for some time even after the Hunnic invasion in 375. Rezumat: Barbarii din Tyras în perioada romană târzie După evenimentele de la mijlocul secolului al III-lea d.Hr., asociate cu invazii în masă ale barbarilor, viața în Tyras s-a reluat. Barbarii, care se stabiliseră în stepele din nord-vestul regiunii Mării Negre, au devenit principala forță militară și politică din această zonă. În cultura materială, este prezent un procent ridicat de elemente caracteristice culturii Cerniakhiv-Sântana de Mureș. Din această perioadă sunt cunoscute puține construcții și complexe, produse de import din ceramică și sticlă, precum și monede. Aparent, populația barbară a rămas în Tyras o perioadă de timp chiar și după invazia hunică din 375.

2024, Eminak

У статті висвітлюються результати реставраційних досліджень п'яти скляних кубків, виявлених у похованнях під час археологічних розкопок на території Національного заповідника «Софія Київська» у 2014 р. Аналізується склад скляних кубків, відновлюється їх повна форма та пропонується інтерпретація археологічного контексту виробів зі скла.

2024, Nižnevolžskij arheologičeskij vestnik

For the first time, the article introduces into scientific circulation the materials obtained during the excavations of the Dal'niy (Vydrin) soil burial ground in the Bolshesoldatsky district of the Kursk region (the upper reaches of the Sudzhа River -the left-bank basin of the Dnieper). In the course of research in 2021, a burial of a man of 35-40 years old was discovered, accompanied by a large amount of pottery, a glass goblet and weapons. The article provides a detailed description of the burial and grave goods, which included 16 vessels (pots, bowls, a jug, a vase, pottery and glass goblets, two brass buckles, a brass fibula, an armchair, an amber mushroom-shaped pendant, a whip part, a cutout blade in a sheath with a belt ring. The data of the anthropological examination of the remains carried out by Irina Reshetova (the Institute of Archeology, Russian Academy of Sciences) demonstrating a physically developed male subjected to regular physical exertion and constant horse riding, which formed a complex of individual signs and features. The blade was placed at the head of the buried individual; due to preservation of the organic matter it was possible to identify it as a dagger in a wooden sheath made from a fragment of a Damascus steel sword with a complex pattern on the blade, the scabbard was suspended using a simple ring with a bracket. These observations introduce new important data into the discussion about the functional purpose of a category of finds widespread in Europe mainly related to the 4 th -5 th centuries. Taking into account the traditions of the Chernyakhov funeral rite, the buried individual can be attributed to representatives of the military nobility. As a result of a detailed typological analysis of chronological indicators from the burial, and primarily buckles and a glass goblet, the authors have come to conclusion that the burial date is later relative to the chronology of Chernyakhov antiquities, most likely within late 4 th centuryearly 5 th century. The representative of the tribal nobility, as well as some other individuals buried in the burial ground, could have been serving in the court of highest nobility representatives in the barbarian society of the area. In the immediate vicinity of the necropolis, there is a unique single "princely" burial in the village of Bol'shoy Kamenets (known in the literature as the so-called "Starosudzhansky (Old Sudzha) treasures" of 1918/1927). For the present, the discovery of a military burial of such level with weapons and rich inventory is unique for the Dnieper left-bank area of the Chernyakhov culture.

2024, BERICHT DER RÖMISCH-GERMANISCHEN KOMMISSION

Die mit Initialen gekennzeichneten Summaries und Résumés wurden von Sandy Hämmerle (S. H.), Yves Gautier (Y. G.), Kyrylo Myzgin (K. M.) und Jaroslav Onyščuk (J. O.) übersetzt; die Summaries von Isabel Aitken redigiert.

2024, ХАНТЫ-МАНСИЙСКИЙ АВТОНОМНЫЙ ОКРУГ В ЗЕРКАЛЕ ПРОШЛОГО

The article is devoted to the Nuremberg jetons found in archaeological sites of the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region – Ugra. At the end of the 16 – 18 cent. these unique artifacts, passed a long way from Western Europe to the aboriginals of Western Siberia. The first part of the article is devoted to a numismatic, territorial and chronological analysis of jetons found. On the territory of the Khanty-Mansi autonomous region – Ugra, the almost complete predominance of the Nuremberg jetons of the 18th century was revealed. For the territories to the south of Ugra most typical finds of jetons dated the end of the 16th – 17th cent. and only single finds dated the beginning of the XVIII century. Among the materials studied (burial 22 of the Sorovskoye Cemetery), a unique case of the combination of the two functions of jetons: as decoration and money was revealed. In the second part of the article there is a catalog of Nuremberg jetons found on the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region – Ugra.
Статья посвящена описанию и изучению археологических находок – нюрнбергских жетонов – с территории ХМАО – Югры. В кон. XVI – XVIII в. эти уникальные артефакты, внешне похожие на монеты, проходили длинный путь из Западной Европы и попадали в культуру аборигенного населения Западной Сибири. В первой части статьи приводится нумизматический и территориально-хронологический анализ источниковой базы жетонов. На территории ХМАО – Югры выявлено преобладание нюрнбергских жетонов XVIII в., в то время как на более южных территориях представлена обратная картина – многочисленные находки жетонов кон. XVI – XVII в. и единичные – нач. XVIII в. Среди исследуемых материалов (в погр. 22 Соровского кладбища) выявлен уникальный случай сочетания двух функций жетонов – и как украшения, и как денежного средства. Во второй части статьи размещен каталог нюрнбергских жетонов с территории ХМАО – Югры.

2024, Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine

The use of so-called "acoustic vessels" in medieval monumental architecture is a subject of debate. These vessels were most often placed in the arches and vaults of buildings. Sometimes their openings, exposed to the interior spaces,... more

2024, Olga Kondakova

Tableware designed for drinking purposes is an object with which a person inevitably comes into physical contact. It is an important object for studying the sensory interaction between humans and the material world. Búcaro pottery is of particular interest. The term búcaro refers to clay vessels intended for serving, cooling, and flavoring drinking water, as well as humidifying and scenting the indoor air. Pleasant aroma, refreshing taste, sense of cool to the touch, sonorous sound and attractive appearance shape the multisensory perception of búcaro. Thanks to its aromatic properties, búcaro became popular in Southern Europe from the 17th to the 19th centuries.
The author of the article considers anthropological approach to the sensory perception of búcaro ceramics. This approach allows us to show that fragrant clay vessels, stored today on museum shelves, in the past gave their owners a whole range of sensory impressions. By now they have almost completely lost this ability. Only the visual component of it is preserved. The study is based on the examining of scientific publications and the analysis of historical sources devoted to the phenomenon of búcaro. The author also uses materials obtained through the examination of Tonala bruñida samples from the European collections and during field work among modern Tonaltec potters.