Travel in the Ancient World Research Papers (original) (raw)

Travel in Asia Minor during the Roman period was ubiquitous. The apostle Paul is used as a heuristic model of the ideal ancient traveller. His first journey in provincial Galatia—geographical Pamphylia, Pisidia, and Phrygia—is examined, particularly as it relates to suggested routes and time of travel. It will utilise Bekker-Nielsen’s pioneering 3D
methodology that applies Naismith’s rule to produce more objective outcomes. Practical issues related to ancient travel, such as equipment, load, and weather, will also be explored. This investigation will help to refine travel times and itineraries, and thus hopefully produce more accurate Pauline chronologies.

Početkom povijesnog razdoblja područje sjeverozapadne Hrvatske je inkorporirano u moćnu Rimsku Državu koja na svom središnjem prostoru, ali i u svojim provincijama, organizira poštansku službu - cursus publicus. Ova organizacija isključivo je u službi države i pod njenom kontrolom. Rimljani, koji su poznati kao graditelji osmišljene cestovne mreže, sagradili su i na našem području sustav magistralnih i vicinalnih prometnica. Uz ceste u pravilnim razmacima nastale su postaje za izmjenu konja (mutationes) i veće putničke i poštanske postaje (mansiones) s prenoćištem, radionicama za popravak kola, trgovinama, stajama, skladištima itd.

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and... more

- by Jas Elsner
- •
- Travel Writing, Pilgrimage, Pausanias, Travel in the Ancient World

The revised Standards for Classical Language Learning prompts language teachers to move from a narrow approach that focuses on language alone to a more expansive approach to language learning that highlights the liberal arts and integrative learning. This essay describes how the Standards encourage an integrative approach to language learning, one that emphasizes making connections across diverse disciplines, applying linguistic and cultural knowledge to authentic tasks, recognizing multiple perspectives, and understanding texts and cultural issues contextually. The Standards foster students' abilities to develop a more deliberative and reflective approach to learning that liberates them from a unidimensional perspective. The essay explores each of the five goal areas of the Standards in light of this integrative and reflective approach: 1) communication is an integrative process that involves three modes of communication; 2) understanding culture relies on making connections; 3) using texts and authentic materials provides opportunities for exploring other disciplines; 4) making comparisons develops critical thinking and intercultural literacy; and 5) communities motivate learners to share their ideas with broader audiences. The essay ends with a sample learning scenario about travel in the ancient world that illustrates an integrative approach to language learning. Keywords integrative learning, liberal arts, Standards, intercultural literacy, scaffolding, travel in the ancient world

- by John Gruber-Miller
- •
- Integrative Learning, Standards, Intercultural Literacy, Scaffolding

Quelques pistes pour une histoire du récit de voyage dans la littérature latine classique et tardive par Joëlle Soler La réflexion critique actuelle portant sur le récit de voyage a mis en lumière l'évolution d'un genre protéiforme, depuis les récits de découverte, centrés sur le monde et sa description, jusqu'aux récits romantiques, qui font du voyage le prétexte d'une exaltation du moi et de sa sensibilité 1 . Le « naturel », dont parlait Gérard de Nerval, affirmant à la fin du Voyage en Orient : « Ce que j'ai écrit, je l'ai senti », caractérise ce genre et lui donne sa saveur. Voilà qui ne manque pas d'influencer notre lecture de textes que nous estimons pouvoir rattacher, de près ou de loin, à ce type de littérature. Pourtant, si l'on s'intéresse aux récits de voyageurs antiques, force est de constater que cette grille est peu opérante et ne permet pas d'accéder au sens et au sel de ces écrits. D'autres modèles explicatifs doivent être préférés, pour saisir pleinement la richesse de ces récits qui répondaient à d'autres attentes qu'aux nôtres aujourd'hui. ? Rappelons d'abord que la parole du voyageur est associée, dans le monde grécolatin, au mensonge et à la duplicité. Ulysse est bien sûr le personnage emblématique de l'osmose qui règne entre ces deux versants de la mètis, cette intelligence pratique qui le rend aussi débrouillard en mer qu'en parole 2 . Ulysse est polytropos, habile à se tourner en tous sens, pour trouver à la fois sa route et le récit le mieux adapté à son interlocuteur. L'Odyssée pose d'emblée un cadre liant intrinsèquement l'aventure viatique et la parole affabulatrice.

- by joelle soler
- •
- Travel Literature, Travel in the Ancient World

Le genre du récit de voyage, entendu comme compte rendu, produit par le voyageur lui-même, d'une expérience «viatique» présentée comme réellement accomplie 1 , semble naître et se développer, dans l'Antiquité, avec le pèlerinage chrétien 2 . Si le voyage est un thème littéraire fréquent, dans l'épopée, la poésie lyrique ou le roman grecs et latins, il demeure un motif, traité différemment selon les genres qui l'accueillent, isolé tel un fragment, ou filé dans des fictions dont il constitue la trame, ou bien encore utilisé comme garantie de sérieux par les géographes 3 . Mais aucun écrivain de l'Antiquité n'eut l'idée de narrer ses propres pérégrinations dans une oeuvre dont elles auraient fourni la matière exclusive, mis à part, peut-être, Arrien 4 , dans le Périple du Pont-Euxin, ou Rutilius Namatianus 5 , dans son De reditu suo. Le premier de ces textes rappelle le caractère éminemment technique et administratif d'une telle entreprise, réservée aux magistrats et aux hauts fonctionnaires chargés d'arpenter l'empire romain, même si Arrien, homme de lettres autant qu'homme d'Etat, réussit à rendre poétique son compte rendu en l'enrichissant de références littéraires propres à charmer Hadrien. Le second de ces textes est tardif, composé en vers au début du v e siècle par un ancien Préfet de Rome d'origine gauloise, et il n'est pas impossible qu'il soit une forme de «réponse» aux pèlerinages, de la part d'un «païen» attaché à la conservation de la coutume ancestrale 6 .

- by joelle soler
- •
- Hagiography, Travel Literature, Travel in the Ancient World

- by Catherine Hezser
- •
- Ancient History, Roman History, Jewish Studies, Patristics

This article explores literary representations of female mobility in the Hebrew Bible. While it is often assumed that women barely moved in the ancient world, the study shows that the Hebrew Bible gives witness to a vast spectrum of travelling agents. The texts do not offer direct access to socio-historical realities, but as documents of cultural history, they are argued to hint at and echo the variety of the phenomenon in ancient Israel. It is not meaningful to speak of the travelling women as a collective, however, as the motives for their movement are tied to various socioeconomic contexts, ranging from slavery to economic migration to foreign policy. While class is fundamental to ancient female mobility, the sources also reveal the significance of other intersecting differences such as age, sexuality, kinship, ethnicity, or religion displayed by the (in)voluntary travelling agents.

- by Elisa Uusimäki
- •
- Gender Studies, Pilgrimage, Hebrew Bible, History of Slavery
- by Jas Elsner
- •
- Classics, Travel Writing, Pausanias, Travel in the Ancient World

The prevailing consensus among most scholars of in the last few decades is that there is currently nothing in the archaeological record that may point to an actual presence of ancient peoples of Mediterranean origin in the British Isles, before the age of Pytheas of Massalia. Despite many (often dubious) archaeological finds of Mediterranean origin in north-western Europe, and ancient authors' allusions to ancient travellers and their ventures, none of these can be put forward as convincing evidence that Greeks, Phoenicians, Carthaginians or any other Mediterranean dweller actually set foot anywhere on the North Atlantic coast more than 2300 years ago. This paper first takes a look at a selection of ancient sources, follows some of the routes that ancient travellers may have taken and highlights some of the landmarks that appear in ancient literature, many locations of which are still disputed; then follows an overview of modern scholar's publications, their current views and opinions with regards to pre-Pythean travel, and the plausibility thereof. Finally, by method of contacting mainly small, local museums in northwestern Europe along the Atlantic coast, but primarily in Cornwall and Devon, the author attempts to locate recent and unspectacular finds, which may allow a re-assessment of the prevailing consensus. A selection of this (new) evidence is evaluated and the conclusion is drawn that, although it may be tempting to think so, there is still nothing in the archaeological record to contradict the assumption that Pytheas was the first to travel out of the Mediterranean, as far as the British Isles. Scientific dating methods applied to existent artefacts and continued excavation work may however, perhaps in the near future, be able to provide new evidence of earlier visitors from the Mediterranean. The total word count in this paper amounts to 16255 words.

Abstract: The triumph de Iudaeis had an enormous impact in Flavian Rome. Whereas a considerable amount of bibliography has accumulated over the years, no study examines in detail the issue of the exact date of such a major event. The present article aims to fill this gap, using all the available sources (literary and non-literary) to provide a reliable chronological reconstruction of Titus’s return from the East. The conclusion is that the Flavian triumphal procession over the Judaeans most likely took place in the second half/end of June 71 CE. ********** Riassunto: Il trionfo de Iudaeis ebbe un impatto enorme nella Roma dei Flavi. Sebbene nel corso degli anni si sia accumulata una notevole bibliografia, non esiste alcuno studio che esamini in dettaglio la questione della data precisa di questo evento fondamentale. Il presente articolo mira a colmare tale lacuna, utilizzando tutte le fonti disponibili (letterarie e non) allo scopo di fornire una ricostruzione cronologica attendibile del ritorno di Tito dall’Oriente. La conclusione è che il trionfo giudaico dei Flavi molto probabilmente ebbe luogo nella seconda metà/fine di giugno del 71 d.C.

- by Tommaso Leoni
- •
- Flavian Literature, Flavian World, Roman Triumph, Travel in the Ancient World
- by José María Bellido Morillas
- •
- Geography, Cultural Geography, African Studies, Asian Studies
- by Arturo Sanchez Sanz
- •
- Religion, History, Ancient History, Military History

Alors que l’Asie Mineure achéménide est située à la périphérie du monde grec, la conquête d’Alexandre le Grand la met au centre des préoccupations géopolitiques. Jusqu’à la fin de la provincialisation, l’histoire de la région est marquée par de nombreux conflits qui mènent à de multiples recompositions territoriales. Parallèlement, l’époque hellénistique constitue une période d’ouverture sur le monde : la péninsule anatolienne devient un véritable carrefour sillonné non seulement par les armées et les envoyés royaux, mais aussi par les ambassadeurs, les marchands, artistes et athlètes qui se rendent aux concours organisés par les rois et les cités.
Ces nombreux déplacements n’auraient pas été possibles sans des supports techniques et institutionnels bien organisés. Il manquait toutefois à ce jour une étude d’ensemble sur les infrastructures de la circulation de l’Asie Mineure hellénistique, sans doute parce qu’entre la fin de l’Empire achéménide et son assimilation complète dans l’Empire romain en 72 de n. è., la région ne fut jamais entre les mains d’un seul pouvoir susceptible d’aménagements cohérents.
Cet ouvrage entend combler ce manque et démontrer que, bien avant la conquête romaine, il existait un réseau routier hiérarchisé qui permettait aux voyageurs de se déplacer à travers l’Asie Mineure. Ce réseau était complété par un ensemble de voies maritimes et fluviales, notamment pour le transport de pondéreux autour et à l’intérieur de la péninsule. Les voyageurs étaient bien informés et savaient qu’ils pouvaient compter, tout au long de leur voyage, sur un certain nombre d’institutions mises en place par des pouvoirs soucieux de contrôler les routes passant par les territoires qui étaient sous leur contrôle, tout en facilitant la circulation des personnes et des marchandises dont ils pouvaient tirer des revenus substantiels.
Partant de l’étude des vestiges archéologiques et paysagers ainsi que des sources épigraphiques et littéraires, ce livre propose une série de cartes qui éclairent, siècle après siècle, la densification du réseau sous l’action des divers pouvoirs, et notamment des cités dont le nombre ne cesse de grandir à l’époque hellénistique. L’ensemble permet d’observer et de comprendre comment la péninsule anatolienne devient, à la fin de l’époque hellénistique, un pôle incontournable de la Méditerranée orientale.

has been discovering new sites and mapping a large area north of Kharga Oasis, including some western branches of the Darb el-Arba'in. 1 This essay examines epigraphic material from two rock sites in the Darb Ain Amur, the northernmost of these branches, which since prehistory connected the Kharga and Dakhla oases: these are the sites of Amun Rock and Seth Rock. 2 The enormous sandstone rocks at both locations saw numerous travellers in antiquity. 3 Many of them found the time, and felt the need, to carve a textual message. This essay looks at five of the rock inscriptions 4 that have been recorded by the NKOS team. These were carved in a mixture of normal hieroglyphs, cursive hieroglyphs and hieratic signs 5 on rock surfaces that bear numerous other textual and pictorial carvings. What unites these five inscriptions is the fact that they all invoke Amun-Ra with just the epithet 'lord of the sky'. The essay discusses this rare form of the god in the light of the historical information that one may extract from these inscriptions. Why was Amun-Ra invoked here in this particular way? What does this reveal about those who addressed themselves to him and, in general, about the travel practices of the ancient Egyptians who crossed the western desert?

This article discusses a pericope in Acts 20:6–21:8 recounting the sea portion of Paul's third journey. Its genre resembles the periplus, and generic features are discussed as well as parallels with other periploi. Paul's periplus in the Aegean and Mediterranean Seas is presented within a fixed calendar in the Jewish year, and the itinerary's specifics are detailed. A textual conundrum in Acts 20:15 is discussed as it relates to an anchorage opposite Chios. A lexical discussion of ἄντικρυς Χίου is presented, and possible translations are reviewed. The article presents a new hypothesis that the Ionian city of Erythrae was the place of the ship's landing. It closes with a brief history of Erythrae's significance in the Greco-Roman world and why a stop there by Paul's coasting vessel was likely during this part of the journey.

- by Mark Wilson
- •
- Luke-Acts, Acts of the Apostles, Travel in the Ancient World
- by Catherine Hezser
- •
- Roman History, New Testament, Early Christianity, Late Antiquity
- by Antony HOSTEIN
- •
- Ancient History, Roman History, Roman East, Eastern Roman provinces (Archaeology)

Romansmore than any other ancient peoplecame to realize that maps are not mere factual records, but also value-laden documents. Then, as now, maps could even be designed to promote and reinforce values, from peace and civilization to unashamed pride in conquest and entitlement to world-rule. Scholars recently have developed more sensitive and satisfying approaches to interpreting the cartographic products of pre-modern societies: this lecture deepens insight into the particular case of the Romans. Richard Talbert reconsiders the thinking behind the immense Marble Plan of the city of Rome. Above all, he exposes powerful meaning and purpose in the so-called 'Peutinger Map', an elongated, astonishingly rich, Roman world-map. He constructs for this underrated masterpiece (which is 22 ft. long!) a compelling fresh context that is non-scientific. He concludes with brief consideration of the map's possible long-term impact on Christian mapmaking through to the Renaissance. This lecture will be of interest to anyone who is interested in ancient cartography, maps as carriers of ideology, maps as art, digital humanities, Roman Empire, and Roman culture, A fabulous replica of the actual map will be on display! A digital database of the map can be found here:

- by Jinyu Liu
- •
- Roman History, Roman roads, Roman Empire, Travel in the Ancient World
- by Antony HOSTEIN
- •
- Roman History, Ancient Roman Numismatics, Caracalla, Roman Provincial Coinage

Mineure à l'époque hellénistique (IVe s.av.n.è -Principat) Hélène Roelens-Flouneau, Dans les pas des voyageurs antiques: circuler en Asie Mineure à l'époque hellénistique (IVe s.av.n.è -Principat). Asia Minor Studien, Band 86. Bonn: Habelt Verlag, 2019. xii, 511 p.; 16 p. of plates.. ISBN 9783774939998 €129,00. Review by Adèle Vorsanger, Sorbonne Université. adele.vorsanger@gmail.com

- by Robert Martin Kerr
- •
- Buddhism, Arabic Literature, Tibet, History of the Islamic World
- by Lottie Watts
- •
- Homer, Travel Literature, Ancient Greek History, Ancient Greek Literature
- by David Rosenbloom
- •
- Greek Tragedy, Travel in the Ancient World
- by Nikoletta Manioti
- •
- Latin Epic, Virgil, Travel in the Ancient World
- by Gregory Douglas Wear
- •
- Travel in the Ancient World

Closer inspection of the seventy published examples of late ancient graffiti from the Greek island of Syros reveals that some of their inscribers included seafaring Jews as well as Christians.4 This heterogeneity of authorship flouts traditional expectations, informed by textual traditions, about the exclusivity of ancient Jewish or Christian prayer communities and activities around the Mediterranean. It also demonstrates, more broadly, how critical is the consideration of isolated inscriptions such as these toward improved insights into ranges of Jewish devotional behaviors in late antiquity.

- by Karen B. Stern
- •
- Prayer, Greek Epigraphy, Graffiti in history, Ancient Graffiti (Archaeology)
- by Nicola Zwingmann
- •
- Women's History, Women's travel, Travel in the Ancient World
- by Klaus Geus
- •
- Tourism Studies, Ancient Geography, Travel Literature, Travel History

Men and women traveling to or from Egypt in the Hellenistic and Roman periods including tourists, hostages or prisoners of war, scholars, ambassadors and rulers. Despite the increased contact and knowledge Graeco-Roman views of Egyptian Religion with its animal cults still show little understanding. The concept of globalisation commonly applied to the Hellenistic and Roman Imperial periods needs to be understood in the very limited sense of a proto-globalisation, as D.T. Potts has called it.

- by Alexander Meeus
- •
- Graeco-Roman Egypt, Travel in the Ancient World

The Tale of Sinuhe is one of the most frequently attested pieces of literature that has survived from the Pharaonic Period. Its exploration of Sinuhe’s encounters with courtly affairs, border crossers, and Levantine lands and peoples, has been well-studied. However, how novel was the tale in its representation of travel to the northeast? This paper focuses on travel and travelers, as mainly preserved in Old to Middle Kingdom textual material relating to Egyptian-Near Eastern relations. Examining similarities and differences across time, it questions whether Old Kingdom transregional agents and activities, as well as their representations, influenced the emergence of tropes on border transgression and foreign entities. It further discusses how periods of increased connectivity may have impacted concepts of travel, distance, geography, and cross-border social relations, and whether such concepts were temporally transmitted in spite of the political shifts in Egypt from the late 3rd to the early 2nd Millennium BCE.

In some chapters of Noctes Atticae Aulus Gellius presents himself on a journey, either while making a voyage, or while travelling in a carriage, or on a walking tour, either alone or in the company of his friends. However, such autobiographical references are not the object of the narration, but perform a function of support for the conceptual development of the text and provide an opportunity for philosophical, literary and linguistic digressions or in-depth analysis. The structure of such chapters reflects the educational-popular strategy of the whole of the work, conceived by the Author as an open itinerary which leads the readers and makes them confront the problematic nature of cultural facts.

Rezension zu: Heidi Köpp-Junk, Reisen im Alten Ägypten. Reisekultur, Fortbewegungs-und Transportmittel in pharaonischer Zeit. Göttinger Orientforschungen, IV. Reihe: Ägypten, Band 55 (Wiesbaden 2015). Frank Förster Die in der renommierten Reihe der Göttinger Orientforschungen erschienene Arbeit ist einem Thema gewidmet, das in der ägyptologischen Forschung trotz seiner offenkundig hohen Relevanz und Bedeutung 1 lange Zeit ziemlich vernachlässigt wurde: dem vielschichtigen und facettenreichen Phänomen des Reisens im Alten Ägypten. Wie dem Untertitel zu entnehmen ist, werden dabei neben einer Vielzahl von relevanten, unter dem weiten Begriffsfeld "Reisekultur" subsumierten Aspekten insbesondere praktische Fragen nach den Fortbewegungs-und Transportmitteln in pharaonischer Zeit in den Vordergrund gestellt, doch kommt das Spektrum der textlich belegten individuellen Reisenden selbst und ihrer verschiedenen Motivationen und Destinationen keineswegs zu kurz. In der Tat kann das schmale Niltal als langgestreckte Flussoase mitsamt den unmittelbar angrenzenden Wüstengebieten in Ost und West einerseits und dem breiten, von zahlreichen Kanälen und Verbindungswegen durchzogenen Nildelta im Norden andererseits als eine naturräumlich besonders "verkehrsträchtige" Region gelten, die durch die landschaftlichen Gegebenheiten besondere Möglichkeiten bot, aber auch spezielle, nicht zuletzt verkehrstechnische und logistische Anforderungen an Reisen und Reisende in pharaonischer Zeit stellte -vor allem, wenn das Reiseziel außerhalb der eigenen kulturellen Grenzen lag. Zudem erlaubt das außerordentlich lange Bestehen der pharaonischen Hochkultur im Verbund mit einer relativ reichen Quellenlage kulturhistorisch aufschlussreiche diachrone Betrachtungen, etwa im Hinblick auf die Entwicklung von Reise-und Transportmitteln, den Ausbau des Verkehrs-und Wegesystems oder allgemeine sozio-ökonomische Prozesse, die mit Fragen der Mobilität zusammenhängen. Bei der mit 424 Seiten und insgesamt 175 Abbildungen (darunter 82 auf 16 Tafeln verteilte Farbabbildungen) in Text und Bild recht umfangreichen Publikation handelt es sich um die überarbeitete Fassung ihrer Dissertationsschrift, die Heidi Köpp-Junk bereits 2006 an der Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen eingereicht hatte. Sowohl die lange Entstehungs-als auch Überarbeitungszeit (das Interesse für Reisen, Transport und Verkehr reicht laut der Autorin bis zum Beginn ihres Studiums zurück, s. Vorwort S. 17) 2 haben zu einem großen Vorzug geführt, der diese Arbeit vor allem auszeichnet: Es handelt sich um eine umfassende Darlegung des Themas, die nicht nur aktuell, sondern gleichsam enzyklopädisch ist. Wer sich für Reisen und Transporte im pharaonischen Ägypten interessiert, gleich ob Ägyptologe, Laie oder

- by Frank Förster
- •
- Archaeology, Egyptology, Mobility/Mobilities, Anthropology of Mobility

Ancient travellers of the Darb Ain Amur, a westward offshoot of the famous Darb el-Arbain, connecting Kharga and Dakhla oases, were spending several days in the midst of the Western Desert’s hostile environment. While there, away from the scrutinous eyes of official decorum, these travelers chose to record their fleeting presence by carving textual and figural rock graffiti that often interacted with each other in a meaningful manner. The study of such diachronic interactions provides us with a unique insight into ancient travelers’ uses of desert rock sites.

- by Nicola Zwingmann
- •
- Women's History, Late Antiquity, Petronius, Women and Gender Studies

Η Ανατολική Μεσόγειος υπήρξε ανά τους αιώνες ένα σταυροδρόμι στο οποίο συνέρρεαν, διαμόρφωσαν και εμπλούτισαν την ιστορία της άνθρωποι, ιδέες, πεποιθήσεις, τεχνογνωσία, αντικείμενα, φυτά και ζώα. Οι παλαιότερες αρχαιολογικές μαρτυρίες για το διάπλου του υδάτινου αυτού χώρου ανέρχονται στην προϊστορία, αρκετές χιλιάδες χρόνια από σήμερα, όταν οι άνθρωποι με απλά μέσα διέσχιζαν τα νερά του Αιγαίου για την απόκτηση του οψιανού, ενός σπάνιου ηφαιστειογενούς πετρώματος που μπορούσε να μετατραπεί σε κοφτερό εργαλείο για την τέλεση των καθημερινών αναγκών. Τους επόμενους αιώνες όλοι οι λαοί γύρω από την Ανατολική Μεσόγειο διασφάλισαν την οικονομική τους ευημερία αλλά και την ιδιαίτερη πολιτιστική τους ταυτότητα στις εμπορικές επαφές που ανέπτυξαν μεταξύ τους. Εξοπλισμένα με κατάλληλη τεχνολογία πλοήγησης και παρά τους όποιους θαλάσσιους κινδύνους, τα εμπορικά πλοία και τα πληρώματά τους διέσχιζαν τα λιμάνια της Μεσογείου μεταφέροντας βαριά φορτία από είδη πρώτης ανάγκης αλλά και αντικείμενα πολυτελείας. Ωστόσο, οι δραστηριότητες στη θάλασσα δεν είχαν πάντα φιλειρηνικό χαρακτήρα. Σε πολλές περιπτώσεις ο χώρος αυτός λειτούργησε ως πεδίο πολεμικών συρράξεων, επιδρομών αλλά και μετάδοσης επικίνδυνων παθήσεων. Στη σύγχρονη Ελλάδα ο θαλάσσιος δρόμος ήταν αυτός που οδήγησε χιλιάδες συντοπίτες μας στην αναζήτηση καλύτερης ζωής σε οικονομικώς πιο ανεπτυγμένες χώρες.
Ο συγκεκριμένος κύκλος διαλέξεων αποτελείται από έξι ενότητες στις οποίες αναπτύσσονται θέματα σχετικά με τις μετακινήσεις μέσω θαλάσσης πληθυσμών, στρατευμάτων, μεμονωμένων ατόμων και αντικειμένων. Επίσης συζητούνται οι τεχνολογικές εξελίξεις και οι κοσμολογικές αντιλήψεις που συνδέθηκαν με την ανάπτυξη της ναυσιπλοΐας από την προϊστορική έως τη μεταβυζαντινή περίοδο.

- by Anastasia Leriou and +1
- •
- Greek Colonisation, Greek Archaeology, Travel in the Ancient World, Ancient Maritime Trade Routes

Witcher, R.E. (2014) New Book Chronicle. Antiquity, 88(341): 1007-1020.

- by Roshan Abraham
- •
- Second Sophistic, Philostratus, Travel in the Ancient World, Apollonius of Tyana