Tropical Ecology Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Study on foliar anatomic structure of tropical plants are useful to study various aspects of plant life related to photosynthetic, productivity, carbon sequestration, adaptation to environmental stresses as the results of global climate change, etc. This study was conducted to investigate foliar anatomic structure of ten tropical woody plant species including Barringtonia asiatica, Dracontomelon dao, Heritiera littoralis, Diospyros discolor, Calophyllum inophyllum, Antidesma bunius, Schleichera oleosa, Syzygium cumini, Madhuca longifolia dan Adenanthera pavonina; also to discuss its implication to ecophysiological adaptation to tropical dry climate. The results showed that ten woody plant species studied had variation of adaptation pattern to dry tropical climate, exposure to high light intensity or open shade and photosynthesis activity. Plant species in Group II (Antidesma bunius, Madhuca longifolia and Adenanthera pavonina) has relatively higher adaptation compared to Group I (Diospyros discolor, Calophylum inophyllum, Dracontomelon dao, Schleichera oleosa, Heritiera littoralis, Baringtonia asiatica and Syzygium cumini). Some foliar anatomic structures including palisade shape and size, stomatal index, stomatal density, spongy mesophyll thickness, the ratio of P/T and P/S are important characters that can be used as indicator of changes in environmental factors; particularly the density of stomata as indicators of climate change in dry tropic area. ABSTRAK Penelitian terhadap struktur anatomi daun pada tumbuhan tropis bermanfaat untuk mempelajari berbagai aspek kehidupan tumbuhan yang berkaitan dengan fotosintesis, produktivitas, sekuestrasi karbon, adaptasi tumbuhan terhadap stres lingkungan akibat perubahan iklim, dll. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari struktur anatomi daun sepuluh tumbuhan tropis berkayu meliputi Barringtonia asiatica, Dracontomelon dao, Heritiera littoralis, Diospyros discolor, Calophyllum inophyllum, Antidesma bunius, Schleichera oleosa, Syzygium cumini, Madhuca longifolia dan Adenanthera pavonina; serta membahas implikasi adaptasi ekofisiologinya terhadap iklim tropis kering. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa sepuluh jenis tumbuhan yang diteliti menunjukkan variasi pola adaptasi terhadap iklim tropis kering, paparan terhadap intensitas cahaya dan aktivitas fotosintesis. Jenis-jenis tumbuhan di dalam kelompok II (Antidesma bunius, Madhuca longifolia dan Adenanthera pavonina) memiliki adaptasi yang relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok I (Diospyros discolor, Calophyllum inophyllum, Dracontomelon dao, Schleicheraoleosa, Heritiera littoralis, Barringtonia asiatica and Syzygium cumini). Beberapa struktur anatomi daun meliputi bentuk dan ukuran jaringan palisade, indeks stomata, densitas stomata, ketebalan spons mesofil, rasio P/T dan P/S merupakan karakter penting yang dapat digunakan sebagai indikator perubahan lingkungan; khususnya densitas stomata sebagai indikator perubahan iklim di area tropis kering. Kata kunci : adaptasi, iklim kering, ekofisiologi, anatomi daun, tumbuhan berkayu Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 13(1): 1-14 (2017)