Vegetables and Tubers Research Papers (original) (raw)

2023, Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

Fritillaria species belongs to Liliaceae family, it has been used as medicinal plants in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2000 years. These plants are known with significant variations in their chemical profiles. Consequently, the characterization of the profile of the major bioactive constituents in various regions are important for pharmaceutical purposes. Despite the identification of numerous species of Fritillaria in Kurdistan, there is no previous study examining phytochemical components of Fritillaria in this region. This study aims to investigate the distribution of major bioactive compounds in wild bulbs of Fritillaria spp. in Kurdistan. 40 compounds were totally detected using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Among the detected compounds, 15 of them were previously found to have effective biological activities. Results have also shown that amongst the underlying Fritillaria species, variations of the types and quantities of the 15 bioactive compounds were significant. This result is of importance for the classification of different Fritillaria. spp. with distinct geographic distributions and medicinal applications.

2022

The effects of slice thickness, microwave pre-treatment, and drying temperature on drying orange kumara slices were investigated. The highest drying rate, with minimal loss of colour, occurred at 80°C. Slice thickness did not significantly influence colour but drying time increased with slice thickness. The drying curves fitted the Page thin-layer drying model. Two minutes microwave pre-treatment significantly reduced overall drying time and improved colour but increased shrinkage.

2022

2021

This work, for the first time, identified the phytochemical constituents of leaves, fruits, stem barks, and wood branches extracted from the tree pruning wastes of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. grown in Egypt, showing 49, 29, 34, and 27 phytocomponents, respectively, as assayed by gas chromatograph-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. The major components of leaves were 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester (17.7%), betulin (15.7%), lupeol (14.7%), androstan-17-one,3-ethyl-3-hydroxy-, (5a)- (12.3%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (11.6%), betamethasone (9.7%), and β-sitosterol (9.1%). The major phytocomponents of fruits were β-sitosterol (55.7%), 3beta-hydroxy-5-cholen-24-oic acid (48.7%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester (42.9%), lupeol (29.3%), betulin (15.8%), stigmasterol (12.8%), and campesterol (7.6%). The major phytocomponents of stem barks were 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (65.7%), β-sitost...

2021

The aim of this study was to describe the histological feature of cassava flesh at harvest, after cooking and after freezing. A light optical microscopy was used to analyze the relevant aspects of cassava flesh at these statuses. The non-uniform aspect of cooked cassava is associated with the partial dissolution of the middle lamella and the large amount of non-collapsed cells, while the formation of numerous spaces between cells determines the spongy aspect of cassava after freezing. These data increase the knowledge about cassava post harvest and its processing.

2021

Sonerila tinneveliensis Ficher a medicinal plant belongs to the family Melastomataceae. Traditionally the plant was used in the treatment of rheumatic complaints. The present study deals with GC-MS evaluation of chemical constituents from the ethanol extract of whole plant of Sonerila tinnevelliensis. Eight bioactive constituents have been identified though GC-MS analysis, among that the major constituents are Tetrahydrospirilloxanthin (18.50%), Ethyl iso-allocate(18.27%), Linolelaidic acid, methyl ester (6.09%), Diisooctyl phthalate (6.09%), Heptadecane, 9-hexyl (5.39%) and other minor constituents were also identified. The compounds identified through the GC-MS analysis were used in various applications as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cancer preventive and antifouling agents.

2021, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research

Plants are a tremendous source for the discovery of new products of medicinal value for drug development. Today several distinct chemicals derived from plants are important drugs currently used in one or more countries in the world. Many of the drugs sold today are simple synthetic modifications or copies of the naturally obtained substances. In the present study, the bioactive components of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. whole plant has been evaluated using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrum (GC-MS). Ten compounds in methanolic extract were identified. n-Hexadecanoic acid (25.63%) was the prevailing compound in methanolic extract, which is suggested to be an anticancer compound.

2021, Científica

Sweet potato dehydration is a way of increasing shelf life, modifying and adding value to the final product. However, some of the compounds of nutritional interest may be lost during processing. Thus, this work evaluates different dehydration treatments for sweet potato, and determines the best condition for a quality product. Two sweet potato genotypes (UGA 127 and UGA 34) were first subjected to osmotic dehydration using a 65% sucrose solution or a 2% sodium chloride solution (NaCl), both for 5 hours, being compared with the control treatment. Subsequently, the samples were oven dried at 65 °C for 6 hours. Sweet potatoes were analyzed for sensory characteristics (color, flavor, crispness, aroma, overall acceptability, and purchase intent), physicochemical characteristics (color, titratable acidity, soluble solids), bioactive compounds (β-carotene, phenolic, ascorbic acid), and antioxidant capacity. Potatoes dehydrated with 65% sucrose were well accepted by the tasters. The soluble solids content and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio were higher for sweet potatoes treated with 65% sucrose. Genotypes differed significantly for luminosity, and the highest average was found for UGA 127, indicating that potatoes processed from this root had a lighter coloration. The content of bioactive compounds varied as a function of the different treatments and genotypes; in general, the highest levels were found in the control and 65% sucrose treatments. Genotype UGA 127 treated with 65% sucrose proved to be a good marketing alternative for small farmers.

2021, ACTA SCIENTIFIC NUTRITIONAL HEALTH (ISSN:2582-1423)

Food and nutrition (hidden hunger) for rapidly growing global populations (expected to increase 10 billion by 2050) are major concern of public health issue in most of the global developing countries. One way to tackle these problems is through the intervention of local traditional less-explored high-value food crops as dietary supplements for ensuring food and nutritional security. The Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw (also called as 'Vegetable fern' or 'Liguna'; fam. Athyriaceae) is an underutilized wild wetland pteridophytes occurring commonly throughout world, from sea level to 2,300m. The young frond and rhizomes of D. esculentum are generally used as green vegetables during the monsoon season, which are reported to possess notable nutritional and medicinal properties. This research article highlights the detailed nutritive phytochemical (primary and secondary metabolites, essential mineral content, dietary fibres, calorific value etc) profiling of young fronds of D. esculentum. Our results suggest that D. esculentum fronds contains rich amounts of protein (52.3%), carbohydrate (28.2%), antioxidants (Vitamin C etc) and exceptionally high contents of important minerals (Ca, Fe, Na), dietary fibre (17.44%) with good calorific energy value (324 Kcal/100 gm). The overall results suggest that, the young fronds of D. esculentum contains rich source of phyto-nutrients that may be commercially utilized for the development of healthcare value added products as a sustainable solution to the health and nutritional security.

2021, Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology Journal

du gel-degeI. Les granules ainsi produits etaient de qualite superieure a ceux obtenus par la procedure de recyclage conventionnelle.

2019, American Journal of Food, Nutrition, and Health

Light yellow-flesh, matured sweet potato was used in a lab osmotic pre-treatment in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution with varying salt concentrations. The samples were subsequently dried via oven-drying. Measurements of residual calcium were taken. The dried potato slices (1 kg each of the representatives) were ashed in a muffle furnace at temperature of about 570°C for 30 mins. Solutions of the ashes were made by properly stirring with little volumes of distilled water in a beaker respectively. When the suspended solids were present in sufficient amounts to clog the nebulizer, the sample was allowed to settle and the supernatant liquid analyzed directly. The results obtained after AAS determination of calcium contents by checking absorbance against the concentration in a standard curve were analyzed using three factor design statistical analysis. Results show that potato slices of about 6mm thickness should be adopted since it yields potato products with relative higher calcium content than 2 mm and 4 mm thickness. The concentration of the salt solution should be adjusted to 10% m/v strength, as results to products with relatively higher calcium content. Where SSC of 10% m/v couldn't give product with required texture, 20% m/v could be alternative. Time of soaking should be within 20-40 minutes since the nutrition (Calcium) of the product is improved within this resident duration. Generally, to ensure potato products with more conserved calcium and required texture, potato slice thickness of 6 mm, salt solution concentration of about 10 to 20% m/v, and soaking time within 20-40 minutes should be adopted during pretreatment processing.

2019, Al-Madan Online

The objective of this paper is to report the first methodological approach to identifying archaeological carbonized dried and cooked vegetative storage organs. Three economically important South American tuber crops, manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and white potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), were selected for experimental drying, cooking, charring, and parenchymatous tissue analysis. Microscopic examination reveals multiple distinctive cellular and tissue alteration forms. They are the result of cell wall degradation, cell rupture, cell separation, and starch gelatinization during processing and charring. Eight cellular and tissue alteration types and 22 variants are described – the majority of which are diagnostic for identifying drying and cooking methods.

2017

El tomate es el fruto climatérico más estudiado. Como todos los frutos climatéricos, puede madurar separado de la planta.

2016

— The Garudan Samba, an important Traditional variety of Tamil Nadu was investigated for its phytochemical screening and GCMS study. The brown rice was extracted using ethanol. The results obtained after GCMS studies were confirmed by spectral analysis. The analysis of the ethanol extract showed the presence of n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, and Oleic acid, as major constituents of the total compounds (76.

2016

In this study, the bioactive compounds of whole plant of Asystasia travancorica have been evaluated using GC-MS analysis. The chemical compositions of the ethanol extract of whole plant of Asystasia travancorica were investigated using Perkin -Elmer Gas Chromatography -Mass Spectrometry, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. Ten compounds were identified. This analysis revealed the presence of Levo-a-Elemene (41.97 %), Tetrahydtospirilloxanthin (17.07%), Stigmasterol (12.25%), Phytol (8.23%), 2,6,10-Dodecartrien-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-[trans-farnesol] (7.03%) and Ethyl isoallochote (4.62%).

2015

Palabras clave: Precosecha, calidad, prácticas culturales, medio ambiente, selección, maduración, poscosecha.

2015

The investigation was carried out to determine the phytocompounds of ethanol extract of Nothapodytes
nimmoniana stem. GC-MS analysis of ethanol extract was performed using a Perkin-Elmer GC clarus 500
system and Gas Chromatograph interfaced to a Mass Spectometer (GC-MS) equipped with a Elite-1,fused silica
capillary column(30mm×0.25mm 10×1μMdf, composed of 100% Di methyl poly siloxene). Interpretation on
mass spectrum of GC-MS was conducted using the database of National Institute standard and Technology
(NIST). Fourteen compounds were identified. The prevailing compounds were Acetic acid, 3-hydroxy-6-
isopropenyl- 4, 8a-dimethyl-1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a- octahydronaphthalen-2-yl ester (30.79%), á-D-Glucopyranose,
4-O-á-D-galactopyranosyl- (23.96%), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (9.99%), Dodecanoic acid,
3-hydroxy- (5.93%), Urs-12-en-24-oic acid, 3-oxo-, methyl ester, (+)- (5.64%), Isopropyl Palmitate (4.84%), n-
Hexadecanoic acid (4.26%), 9, 12, 15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)- (3.28%), Tetradecanoic acid (3.29%) and
E-2-Tetradecen-1-ol (1.59%).

2015

The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of cassava cultivars, in terms of cyanogenic potential and composition of macro-and micronutrients, sampled from different locations in rural Mozambique. Total cyanide concentrations in fresh cassava tissues were measured using portable cyanide testing kits, and elemental nutrients were later analyzed from dried plant tissue. Variation in cyanogenic potential and nutrient composition occurred both among cultivars and across locations. The majority of cultivars contained >100 ppm total cyanide, fresh weight, and are therefore considered to be dangerously poisonous unless adequately processed before consumption. Leaf cyanogenic and nutrient content varied with plant water status, estimated using carbon isotope discrimination (δ 13 C). The colonization of roots of all cultivars by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was also quantified and found to be high, indicating that mycorrhizas could play a key role in plant nutrient acquisition in these low-input farming systems.

2015, Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Emesis encompasses the forceful expulsion of the contents of stomach via the mouth or sometimes the nose. The adverse effects of currently available anti-emetic agents potentiate the natural product researchers to explore the natural anti-emetics with fewer side effects. The presented communication constitutes a review on anti-emetic effect of two hundred and forty five plants belonging to seventy-eight families found in different parts of the world. It also outlined the anti-emetic effect of plant extracts and isolated secondary metabolites studied through a variety of animal models of emesis. The reported anti-emetic plants in different countries and cultures and the scientific studies on extracts may help in the identification of promising single chemical compound(s) that may be used as a potential leads for developing safe anti-emetic agents in future. Moreover the reported secondary metabolites having the same effect may open the door for the search of same secondary metabolite...

2014

The investigation was carried out to determine the phytocompounds of ethanol extract of Petiveria alliacea whole plant. GC-MS analysis of ethanol extract was performed using a Perkin-Elmer GC clarus 500 system and Gas Chromatograph interfaced to a Mass Spectometer(GC-MS) equipped with a Elite-1,fused silica capillary column(30mm×0.25mm 10×1μMdf, composed of 100% Di methyl poly siloxene). Interpretation on mass spectrum GC-MS was conducted using the database of National Institute standard and Technology (NIST). Fourteen compounds were identified. The prevailing compounds were Asarone, 2-propenonic acid, 3-(4-methoxy phenyl), Ester, Phytol, a-D-glucopyranose-4-O-a-D-galactopyranosyl, Heptadecane 2, 6, 10, 14 tetramethyl-, Squalene, Z, Z,-2-5-pentadecadien-1-ol (2.28%), Vitamin E (1.14%).

2014, Natural antiemetics: An overview

Emesis encompasses the forceful expulsion of the contents of stomach via the mouth or sometimes the nose.
The adverse effects of currently available anti-emetic agents potentiate the natural product researchers to explore the
natural anti-emetics with fewer side effects. The presented communication constitutes a review on anti-emetic effect of
two hundred and forty five plants belonging to seventy-eight families found in different parts of the world. It also
outlined the anti-emetic effect of plant extracts and isolated secondary metabolites studied through a variety of animal
models of emesis. The reported anti-emetic plants in different countries and cultures and the scientific studies on extracts
may help in the identification of promising single chemical compound(s) that may be used as a potential leads for
developing safe anti-emetic agents in future. Moreover the reported secondary metabolites having the same effect may
open the door for the search of same secondary metabolites from other natural sources. This review will provide useful
information for the discovery of natural anti-emetic compounds and fill the gaps in knowledge.

2014, American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics (AJPCT)

The present investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive components of tuber of Ruellia tuberosa L. (Acanthaceae) using GC-MS analysis. Twenty five compounds were identified. The prevailing compounds in the ethanol extract of tuber of R. tuberosa were Lupeol (68.14%), Stigmasterol (8.89%), á-Sitosterol (3.99%), Sucrose (2.24%), Cholest-5-ene, 3-bromo-, (3á- (2.24%), Octadecane, 2-methyl- (2.10%), Nonadecane, 2-methyl- (1.93%), Eicosane, 2-methyl- (1.79%) Heptacosane (1.43%) and Heptacosane (1.29%).

2013

The pteridophytes considered to be the primitive vascular plant group which are scattered all over the world. More than 1200 species of fern and fern allies have been reported from India Being a group of lower plants, they are always neglected and their useful aspects are largely ignored. Very less attention has been given towards the utility of pteridophytes though they possess economic importance and medicinal values as well.

2012, Functional Plant Biology 40(2) 195-200

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is the staple food source for over 850 million people worldwide. Cassava contains cyanogenic glucosides and can be toxic to humans, causing paralysing diseases such as konzo, and even death if not properly processed. Konzo epidemics are often associated with times of drought. This may be due to a greater reliance on cassava as it is drought tolerant, but it may also be due to an increase in cyanogenic glucosides. Episodic droughts are forecast to become more common in many cassava-growing regions. We therefore sought to quantify the effect of water-stress on both yield and cyanogenic glucoside concentration (CNc) in the developing tubers of cassava. Five-month-old plants were grown in a glasshouse and either well watered or droughted for 28 days. A subset of droughted plants was re-watered half way through the experiment. Droughted plants had 45% fewer leaves and lower tuber yield, by 83%, compared with well-watered plants. CNc was 2.9-fold higher in the young leaves of droughted plants, whereas CNc in tubers from droughted plants was 4-fold greater than in tubers from well-watered plants. Re-watered plants had a similar biomass to control plants, and lower CNc than droughted plants. These findings highlight the important link between food quality and episodic drought.