| 1655 |
The Sicilian Jesuit Fr. Tommaso Valguarnera (1608-1677) arrives in Ayutthaya and remains here until 1670. He built a residence and a church in the Portuguese settlement and arranged the establishment of the "Collegio San Salvador". He was also an architect and was asked by King Narai to rebuild the walls of Ayutthaya. He was named Visitor of the Province of Japan and China (1670-1674). He returned to Siam in 1675 and again was occupied with rebuilding the walls of Ayutthaya. He died in Ayutthaya in 1677.[Cerruti, Pietro - The Jesuits in Thailand - Part I, 1607-1767] |
| 1656 |
King Narai seizes the Siamese throne from his uncle, King Suthammaracha. The latter is executed at Wat Khok Phraya.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002); Michael Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
|
Reign of King Narai (1656 - 1688) |
| 1661 |
The Dutch became involved in a dispute with the Siamese King over the capture by the Dutch flyboat "Het Rode Hert" of a ship flying the Portuguese colours in the Gulf of Tonkin. The cargo on the ship belonged to the King, who claimed an indemnity for the loss sustained against the Dutch East India Company of Fl. 84,000.[Ref: Giles, Francis H. - Analysis Of Van Vliet's Account of Siam - Part 7 - JSS 30 3b] |
| 1662 |
Migration from Talaing (Mon) from Martaban. Chinese harassment of Burma started from 1648 onward. Ten year later, with the Chinese still hanging around, agricultural activities slow down and shortage of rice occurred. Lower Burma became disturbed. In 1661, the Prince of Prome raised an insurrection, and was crowned as King Maha Pawara Dhamma Raja. In 1662, the Governor of Martaban (1) ordered a force of 3000 men out of his municipalities, to help the King of Burma in defending Ava and to expel the Chinese. A large number of Mon escaped the force and returned to Martaban. The Governor arrested the Mon who fled back, put them in cages and threatened to burn them to death. Five thousand Mon advanced on Martaban, burned down the town and took the Governor in custody. The Talaing insurgents could hold the town for a while, but realized they would not escape the wrath of the King of Ava. The Talaings assembled their families and with more than 10.000 people started their flight to Siam in direction of the Three Pagoda Pass. A front guard advanced to Kanchanaburi in order to give account of the occurrences to King Narai. The King sent some thousand Mon troop to meet them and to guide the refugees to Kanchanaburi. The Mon nobles were received for an audience at the court and arrangements were made to harbour the families in the vicinity of Samkhok, partly near Khlong Khu Cham, in the vicinity of Wat Tha Hoi and partly in the neighborhood of the Monastery of the Card Slap [not determined]. A Burmese force was sent down and reoccupied Martaban.[References: The Royal Chronicles of Ayutthaya - Richard D. Cushman (2006) - page 256-258 / Source: Phan Canthanumat.] |
| 1662 |
Arrival of the first French Missionaries in Ayutthaya under Lambert de La Motte, Bishop of Berithus.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 (1996); Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 1663 |
The Dutch VOC factory was besieged by armed Chinese, but the acting resident, Enoch Poolvoet, under instructions from the Governor General in Batavia, managed to escape with all his men and goods.[Ref: Giles, Francis H. - Analysis Of Van Vliets Account of Siam - Part 7 - JSS 30 3b] |
| 1663 |
Dutch blockade of the Chao Phraya, after the announcement the previous year of a royal monopoly on Siamese exports.[Ref: Michael Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686 and Smithies, Michael (1996) - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688.] |
| 1664 |
Siamese embassy to the court of Golconda.[Ref: Masulipatam: A metropolitan port in the seventeenth century - Alam - page 178.] |
| 1664 |
Msgr. Pallu arrives in Ayutthaya. He leaves Ayutthaya for Europe in 1665. [Ref: Michael Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1664 |
Creation of the Compagnie des Indes Orientales ( French East India Company), a commercial enterprise, founded in 1664 by Jean-Baptiste Colbert to compete with the English and Dutch East India companies in the East Indies.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686 and Smithies, Michael (1996) - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688] |
| 166422 Aug |
Siamese ambassadors were sent to Batavia and the Governor General appointed Commissary Pieter de Bitter to proceed to Ayutthaya as the Dutch representative to effect a settlement after the closure of the VOC trading post in Ayutthaya in 1663. The settlement was most favourable to the Dutch and on the 22nd August 1664 a treaty was signed between Siam and Holland under which the Dutch gained many privileges including extra-territorial rights for the Company's residents.[Ref: Giles, Francis H. - Analysis Of Van Vliets Account of Siam - Part 7 - JSS 30 3b] |
| 1664 |
King Narai of Ayutthaya (reign 1656-1688) sent a ship to Java to bring the entourage of a Makassar Prince (already increased to 60 families) to Siam. He generously granted the prince asylum and designated him a location south of Ayutthaya, to settle down; the location became known as the Makassar Camp. |
| 1667 |
First mention of diplomatic relations in a letter from Lambert de la Motte to Pallu.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1668 |
In 1668 Siam sends a commercial embassy to Persia under influence of the Persian merchant Aqa Muhammad Astarabadi, minister at the Siamese Court.[Ref: Pombejra, Dhiravat na, - Ayutthaya at the end of the seventeenth century: was there a shift to isolation? -pp. 250-272 in Reid (éd.), 1993.] |
| 166814 Nov |
Clause added to the treaty between the Dutch VOC and Siam on 14 November 1668, giving the VOC the sole right to buy and export all, the tin of the country with the exception only of such quantities as the king would require for himself.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686; Giles, Francis H. - Analysis Of Van Vliets Account of Siam - Part 7 - JSS 30 3b]. |
| 1669 |
Pope Clement IX sends a letter in Latin to King Narai of Ayutthaya.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1669 |
Siamese embassy to the Safavid court of Persia under Shah Sulayman (r.1666-1694)[Ref: Records of the relations between Siam and foreign countries in the seventeenth century copied from papers preserved at the India office, 5 vols] |
| 1670 |
Louis XIV signs a letter to King Narai of Ayutthaya.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1670 |
In 1670-71, war erupted between Patani and Singora (Songkhla) despite efforts by the sultan of Kedah to mediate a peace accord. Patani's advantage over Singora seems to have been its larger army, for an English observer stated that the soldiers were more experienced in the use of firearms, including both muskets and cannons.[Reference: Bradley, Francis R. - Moral Order in a Time of Damnation: The "Hikayat Patani" in Historical Context - Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 40, No 2 (Jun.,2009), pp 267-293 - Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Department of History, National University of Singapore.] |
| 1673 |
Louis Laneau made Bishop of Metellopolis and apostolic vicar in Siam.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 1673 |
King Narai of Ayutthaya receives in solemn audience the letters of Pope Clement IX.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1673 |
In 1673 Patani turned against Ayutthaya once again, prompting King Narai to send an Ayutthaya army to bring Patani back under control, which they managed to do in January 1674. In the fighting, the Patani elite was eliminated and Raja Mansur was taken captive and brought back to Ayutthaya.[Reference: Montesano, Michael John and Jory, Patrick (2008) - Thai South and Malay North: Ethnic Interactions on a Plural Peninsula - NUS Press.] |
| 1675 |
The French East India Company and the Phra Klang of Siam sign a commercial treaty.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1676 |
In 1676, Kedah refused to pay tribute and the following year, Patani and Singora (Songkhla) coordinated a rebellion against Ayutthaya. Patani had improved its military with the importation of a large number of English firearms, which they received via Kedah. Furthermore, Siam suspected Patani and Johor to be planning an attack on Ligor (Nakhon Si Thammarat) with 200 ships. In 1678, Ayutthaya sent an army south, but it experienced a number of initial setbacks. Sometime before February 1679, the Siamese governor of Phatthalung was poisoned, probably by an internal anti-Ayutthaya faction, for the city then joined the other polities in their war against Ayutthaya. Only by an alliance with Portuguese maritime forces, which blockaded Singora and Dutch ships, which bolstered the attack on Patani were Siamese armies able to secure victory. Ayutthaya even ordered Dutch artillerists to raze Patani to the ground if they managed to capture the city, but a shortage of resources compelled the Siamese, Portuguese and Dutch forces to concentrate more fully on Singora. Though many people died in the fighting, rampant starvation throughout the peninsula resulted in the greatest number of casualties because of spoiled harvests, supply shortages and coastal blockades. No details survive to tell how the various warring groups established peace, but tribute again appeared in Ayutthaya from Patani in November 1680.[Reference: Bradley, Francis R. - Moral Order in a Time of Damnation: The "Hikayat Patani" in Historical Context - Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 40, No 2 (June 2009), pp 267-293 - Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Department of History, National University of Singapore.] |
| 1678 |
(Circa) Arrival of Phaulkon in Siam.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 1680 |
1680/1681 - Siamese embassy to Safavid court of Persia.[Ref: 1688 Revolution in Siam. The memoirs of Father de Beze - E.W. Hutchinson (1990) - White Lotus, Bangkok - page 127/128] |
| 1680 |
The Vautour, the first French ship to arrive in Siam and leaves later with the first Siamese ambassy for France (establishment of commercial relations). The embassy to Louis XIV and the pope, was lost with the shipwreck of the Soleil d'Orient, off Madagascar towards the end of 1681, with no survivors. On board was the Siamese ambassador Phraya Pipat Kosa and his deputies, Luang Sri Wisan and Khun Nakhon Wichai.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1999) - A Siamese Embassy lost in Africa 1686 - page 1 and Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1680 |
The godown of the Compagnie des Indes Orientales in Siam was established in 1680 and Andre Deslandes-Boureau obtained a favourable trading treaty for the French. Trade was carried on between Ayudhya, Pondicherry and Surat. But the French Minister Louvois killed the India trade by obtaining a prohibition on the import of printed cloth from the Indies. The trade with Siam then increased in importance until it came to a halt in 1688.[Ref: Forbin, Claude (de), Count - The Siamese Memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685–1688. Introduced and edited by Michael Smithies. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1996.; Smithies, Michael - Robert Challe And Siam - Journal of the Siam Society - Volume 81.1 (1993)] |
| 1681 |
The Siamese ambassadors board the Soleil d’Orient at Banten, which sinks off Madagascar at the end of the year.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1682 |
A French priest at the court of Ayudhya reported that the king of Champa had submitted voluntarily to the king of Siam. While no other information is available, the event suggests an attempt by the Chams to forge an alliance with Siam with the ultimate aim of resisting the Nguyen.[Ref: Father Duchesue to Directors of the Seminary in Paris, 13 November 1682, AMEP: Siam, Vol. 878, f. 202. in Vietnam-Champa Relations and the Malay-Islam Regional Network in the 17th–19th Centuries - Danny Wong Tze Ken.] |
| 16822 May |
Phaulkon abjures Anglicanism under the influence of the Jesuits Fr. Antoine Thomas, from Namur, and Fr. Jean-Baptiste Maldonado, from Mons. He then married a few days later Maria Guyomar de Pinha, a Catholic of mixed Japanese-Portuguese·Bengali extraction, in the Sao Paolo Jesuit church in the Portuguese quarter of Ayutthaya.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 1683 |
(Circa) Constantine Phaulkon enters the service of King Narai as Phra Klang, the minister of foreign affairs and trade, without taking the title.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996); A Siamese Embassy lost in Africa 1686 - Michael Smithies (1999) - page 1] |
| 1683 |
Bishop Lambert de la Motte informs Narai of the shipwreck of the Soleil d’Orient; the King decides to send two envoys to enquire about the fate of his embassy.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1683 |
1683/1684 - Siamese embassy to the Safavid court of Persia led by Hajji Salim Mazandarani.[Ref: estat de la Perse en 1660 - pere Raphael Du Mans (ed. Charles Schefer) Paris, Ernest Leroux (1890) - page 339 appendix.] |
| 1683 |
King Narai sends two Siamese envoys, Khun Pichai Walit and Khun Pichit Maitri, to enquire about the fate of his ambassadors, shepherd by Fr. Benigne Vachet (1642-1720). Arrival in France of the two Siamese envoys in October 1684. They were presented to King Louis XIV in Versailles on 27 November 1684.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 1684 |
The French East India Company withdraws from Ayutthaya.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1684Nov |
The Siamese envoys, Khun Pichai Walit and Khun Pichit Maitri, envoys meet King Louis XIV, who grants a private audience to the Missionary interpreter Fr. Benigne Vachet, who sows the idea of the possibility of Narai's conversion.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 16853 Mar |
The First French Embassy of the Chevalier de Chaumont and the Abbé de Choisy leaves Brest on the Oiseau and the Maligne. They are accompanied by six Jesuites, including Tachard, bound for China. (Fathers de Fontaney, Bouvet, Gerbillon and Visdelou).[Ref: Forbin, Claude (de), Count - The Siamese Memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685–1688. Introduced and edited by Michael Smithies. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1996.] |
| 1685 |
A Persian Embassy of King Sulaiman arrived in 1685 and resided in Siam until 1687. |
| 168523 Sep |
The First French Embassy of de Chaumont and the Abbé de Choisy leaves Brest on the Oiseau and the Maligne on 3 March 1685. Arrival of the French Embassy in Siam on 23 September 1685. Solemn Audience of the first French Embassy at Ayutthaya on 18 October 1685.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168510 Dec |
Claude de Forbin invested Admiral, General of The King of Siam's Armies and Governor of Bangkok on 10 Dec 1685.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168512 Dec |
Farewell audience of the first French Embassy at Lopburi on 12 December 1685.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168522 Dec |
The French Embassy departs for France leaving Claude de Forbin and the engineer de La Mare to serve King Narai. The French are accompanied by a Siamese embassy to France led by Kosa Pan. The Jesuit Tachard received secret instructions from Phaulkon.[Ref: Forbin, Claude (de), Count - The Siamese Memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685–1688. Introduced and edited by Michael Smithies. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1996; Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 1686 |
Persian (Safavid court) embassy to the court of Ayutthaya.[Ref: The Ship of Sulayman - Persian Heritage Series No. 11 - John O'Kane (1972)] |
| 168618 Jun |
Return to Brest of the French embassy, together with three Siamese ambassadors to Louis XIV.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 16862 Jul |
Fathers de Fontaney, Bouvet, Gerbillon and Visdelou leave Ayutthaya for Macao and meet de Forbin at Bangkok on 2 July 1686.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168615 Aug |
Plot of the Makassars in Ayutthaya discovered around mid-August 1686. 200 Makassars gave themselves up in Ayutthaya. 53 escaped on a galley via the river.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168627 Aug |
Phaulkon ordered Claude de Forbin to stop a Makassarese ship at Bangkok, resulting in a slaughter of 360 Siamese troops.[Ref: Forbin, Claude (de), Count - The Siamese Memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685–1688. Introduced and edited by Michael Smithies. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1996.] |
| 1686Aug |
Claude de Forbin ordered by Phaulkon to arrest Captain Lake on his ship the "Prudent Mary" in August 1686.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 1686Sep |
Solemn audience of the Siamese embassy at Versailles.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 168612 Sep |
Fathers de Fontaney, Bouvet, Gerbillon and Visdelou meet Claude de Forbin in Bangkok on 12 Sep 1686 after being shipwrecked off Cambodia.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168614 Sep |
Second attack on the Macassar camp in Ayutthaya. The two young Makassar princes were sent to France with a ship of the East India Company after the revolt of the Makassars.[Ref: Forbin, Claude (de), Count - The Siamese Memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685–1688. Introduced and edited by Michael Smithies. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1996.] |
| 1686Dec |
Claude de Forbin leaves Siam on the French East Indian Company ship Saint-Louis in December 1686.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 1687Jan |
Farewell audience of the Siamese embassy in France.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 168722 Jan |
de Seignelay signs a letter to Phaulkon telling him Father Tachard is to be trusted entirely. [Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 16871 Mar |
Second French Embassy under Simon de La Loubère (1643-1729) and Claude Céberet du Boullay (1647-1702) leaves Brest for Siam, accompanied by the returning Siamese embassy. On board is an expeditionary force led by General Desfarges with secret instructions to seize Bangkok and Mergui if they were not handed over voluntarily. Tachard deals directly with Phaulkon, passing over the heads of the envoys extraordinary and made their mission impossible.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 (1996); Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 168717 Jun |
17 Jun 1687 - Fathers de Fontaney, Bouvet, Gerbillon and Visdelou leave Ayutthaya for Peking. They arrive in Peking on 08 July 1688.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168725 Jul |
Massacre of the English at Mergui. Burnaby, the English Governor appointed by Phaulkon, lost his life along with many others, and the English harbour-master Samuel White, only just escaped with his.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 (1996); Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 76] |
| 1687Aug |
Mergui was placed under the command of the French Lieutenant Beauregard, part of the First French Embassy. Siam declared war on the English East-Indian Company after a large quantity of jewels was ordered by Elihu Yale (1648-1721) acting President of the Council in Madras and not paid for.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168718 Sep |
18 Sep 1687 - French troops under General Desfarges disembark in Bangkok.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168726 Sep |
Second French Embassy under Simon de La Loubère and Claude Ceberet du Boullay (1647-1702) arrives in Siam with the ship L' Oiseau. (Smithies states 6 Oct in his introduction).[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 16876 Oct |
Arrival of the French ships Gaillard, Loire, and Dromodaire.[Ref: Dirk van der Cruysse, Dirk - Siam & the West 1500-1700.] |
| 1687Nov |
Nov 1687 - Phaulkon's wife, Marie Guyomar de Pinha, becomes a countess of France.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 74] |
| 1687End Nov |
Arrival of the Normande, the last ship of the French Squadron. The Normande was separated from the squadron by a storm soon after leaving the Cape. Of 636 soldiers and officers who had left Brest, only 492 reached Siam. The physical condition of the survivors was so poor that, with the help of the climate, many more died in the weeks which followed the disembarkation.[Ref: Dirk van der Cruysse, Dirk - Siam & the West 1500-1700.] |
| 16872 Nov |
Solemn Audience of the second French Embassy at Ayutthaya.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 1687Dec |
Tachard made ambassador of King Narai to Louis XIV and the Pope.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 168713 Dec |
Claude Ceberet du Boullay (1647-1702), a director of the French East India Company and part of the Second French Embassy, was charged with obtaining a new commercial treaty with Siam. The latter was concluded in the first part of December and Ceberet left Ayutthaya for Mergui.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168730 Dec |
Claude de Forbin meets Claude Ceberet du Boullay in Tenasserim.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 16883 Jan |
Claude Ceberet du Boullay and Claude de Forbin leave Mergui on board the "President" for Pondichery. The French envoy Simon de La Loubère leaves Siam on the worst of terms with Phaulkon.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 (Chiang Mai, Silkworm Books, 1996); Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 1688Feb |
King Narai falls seriously ill with dropsy in February 1688.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 16882 Feb |
Claude Ceberet du Boullay and Claude de Forbin leave Pondicherry on board of the "Oiseau" for France.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168817 Feb |
Major Du Bruant leaves Bangkok to take possession of Mergui.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 168827 Mar |
Major Du Bruant arrives in Mergui with three companies numbering ninety man (Des Verquains states 12o men). Mergui was placed under the control of du Bruant.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 (1996); Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 76] |
| 168831 Mar |
In Lopburi, the French General Desfarges discusses ways of putting down Petracha's plot with Phaulkon.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 168815 Apr |
The French General Desfarges disobeys orders from Phaulkon to go to Lopburi. He was persuaded by Véret and the Abbé de Lionne to abandon Phaulkon and remain in his fort in Bangkok.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996) - page 179] |
| 168810 May |
The daughter of King Narai, Princess Queen Yothathep was made regent by her father on 10 May 1688 in the event of his death.[Smithies, Michael - Robert Challe And Siam - Journal of the Siam Society - Volume 81.1 (1993)] |
| 168818 May |
Coup d' Etat of Ok-Phra Petracha in Lopburi. King Narai was a prisoner in his own palace from 18 May until his death in July. Phaulkon was arrested and tortured until his death on 5 June in Thale Chup Son in Lopburi.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996) - page 179] |
| 168820 May |
Pi, Phra Pi or Mom Pi, favourite of King Narai and son of the courtier Ok-Khun Kraisitthisek, a former page, was adopted by King Narai and was expected to marry his daughter Yothathep. The latter refused him because of his low birth. Pi was beheaded on the orders of Ok-Phra Petracha on 20 May 1688. (Some sources state 28 or 29 May 1688)[Ref: Forbin, Claude (de), Count - The Siamese Memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688. Introduced and edited by Michael Smithies. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 1996 ; Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 63] |
| 16882 Jun |
The French General Desfarges was summoned to Lopburi on 25 May by Ok-Phra Petracha. Arriving on 2 June he said nothing to save Phaulkon and Petracha assumed that the French had abandoned him.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 16885 Jun |
Phaulkon put to death. Phaulkon was made to carry Mom Pi‘s decapitated head around his neck, he was horribly tortured, declared guilty of lèse-majesté and high treason, and condemned to death. The confessor he requested was refused. A ‘painted arm' "struck him with the reverse of his sabre which split him down the middle of his body. He fell dying on his face with a great sigh. To finish him off his head was sliced with several blows" (Le Blanc, Memoires secrets de ce qui c’est passé a Siam dans les années 1687 et 1688, in the Jesuit archives in Rome).[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996) - page 180] |
| 16886 Jun |
6 June 1688 - Siege of Bangkok. The French General Desfarges returns from Lopburi, leaving his two sons as hostage in Lopburi. Realizing the intention of the Siamese he decided in the defence of his troops. One of the two forts occupied was abandoned as he had no more than 200 troops and one fort was more easily to be defended. All the ammunition and stores were pulled out, all the canons therein were spiked and all the nearby villages pillaged and burnt. There was no time to raze the fort, but this was resolved afterwards by mining the abandoned fort by cannon shots. The Siamese started the siege of the French fortress and refitted the abandoned fort with forty cannons. Twelve other small forts were constructed around the French fortress, in each of which there were seven, eight or ten cannon. The abandoned fort had a lookout which dominated the stronghold of the French and fired continual cannon shots. The French reduced it in short time to ruins hitting it with two batteries of thirty cannons. The Siamese assembled to launch an assault, but withdrew more quickly than they came after the French discharged their muskets. The siege took 4 months in where only cannons were fired which did not greatly trouble the French fort. The French withdrew from Bangkok on 2 November.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 70-1](Here under The siege of Bangkok from Vollant des Verquains 1691 - Michael Smithies) |
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| 168826 Jun |
Siamese attack of 12000 men under the Governor of Tenasserim on Mergui; the latter under command of the French Major du Bruant. One hundred Siamese die on the assault of the French entrenchment. On 27 June there was a second attack in which around 200 Siamese were killed. On 28 June, du Bruant retreats from his entrenchment and embarks on the Siamese frigate "Mergui" and succeed to leave the harbour of Mergui, loosing some of his men. (Four other accounts state the first attack occurred on 24 June) He arrives with his remaining troops in Pondicherry on 15 January 1689.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 78-9, 81](Here under the attack on du Bruant's troops, Tavoy; contemporary Jesuit watercolour - Michael Smithies) |
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| 16889 Jul |
King Narai's half-brothers Chao Fa Apaithot and Chao Fa Noi were eliminated by Ok-Phra Petracha. De La Touche states that there were killed in an ambush on the way from Ayutthaya to Lopburi. Desfarges and an anonymous writer states that they have been beaten to death with sandalwood at a certain temple in Thale Chup Son at Lopburi, the traditional way of disposing of princes of the blood. (The date is following Desfarges, Vollant de Verquains has 19 July, Le Blanc has 29 July, Van der Cruysse 9 July)[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 46 & 64] |
| 168810 Jul |
Death of King Narai at Lopburi on 10 or 11 July 1688. Narai died of old age and asthma, though said by some to have been poisoned.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 (1996) - page 181; Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 85] |
| 168818 Jul |
The French ship Oiseau arrives in Brest.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996)] |
| 168829 Jul |
The first frigate under French command sent out to chase pirates returns to Ban Chao Phraya.[Le Blanc, Marcel (1692) - Histoire de la Revolution du Roiaume de Siam, Tome II - Horace Molin. Lyon - page 4] |
| 16881 Aug |
Ok-Phra Petracha declares himself king and was crowned on 1 August 1688. King Narai's daughter Princess Queen Yothathep was forced to become one of Petracha' s wives.[Smithies, Michael - Robert Challe And Siam - Journal of the Siam Society - Volume 81.1 (1993)] |
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Reign of King Phetracha (1688-1703) |
| 16882 Aug |
The second frigate under the command of French Capt Sainte Marie sent out to chase pirates returns to Ban Chao Phraya.[Le Blanc, Marcel (1692) - Histoire de la Revolution du Roiaume de Siam, Tome II - Horace Molin. Lyon - page 5-6] |
| 168815 Aug |
The French ship Oriflamme under command of Capt de l' Estrille with 200 troops aboard arrives at the bar of Siam. The ship left Brest on 16 February 1688 and passed over Batavia.[Le Blanc, Marcel (1692) - Histoire de la Revolution du Roiaume de Siam, Tome II - Horace Molin. Lyon - page 8]Rem: Michael Smithies has 9 September. [Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002) - page 64]The Oriflamme was a French Ship of the Line of the third class with a burden of 800 Ton and had nominal 50 guns. The ship was constructed in Brest by Laurent Hubac and first commissioned in June 1671. On the lower gun deck stood 22 French 18-Pounders. The ship had a gundeck length of 40 meters and was 10.7 m wide. It had a depth of 15 Ft. The ship left Brest on 16 February 1688 and arrived at the bar of Siam on 15 August 1688. The ship left there on 13 November for Pondicherry where it arrived early February 1689. From Pondicherry it made a voyage to Phuket (Junk Ceylon) and returned there in Jan 1690. From Pondicherry the Oriflamme was recalled to France and sunk off the coast of Brittany in February 1691. Nominal guns 50 - lower deck 22 French 18-pounders. |
| 16884 Oct |
4 Oct - Madame Phaulkon escapes from Ayutthaya and seeks refuge in the French fort in Bangkok.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 168818 Oct |
Desfarges hands Madame Phaulkon back to the Siamese.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 16882 Nov |
The French General Desfarges was forced to retreat from the fort in Bangkok with his troops. They left Bangkok on 3 ships; the French Oriflamme and two Siamese the Siam and the Louvo and sail on 13 November for Pondichery, taking two Siamese hostages and leaving only one of the three agreed French hostages, Bishop Louis Laneau. The French arrive early February 1689 in Pondicherry. The Normande and the Coche leave from Pondicherry for France on 16 February 1689. Both ships are seized by the Dutch at the Cape of Good Hope respectively on 26 April and 5 May.[Ref: The Siamese memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688 - Michael Smithies (1996); Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 1689 |
1689 - The conflicts between Ayutthaya and Patani reached a climax in 1688. When King Phetracha seized power in Ayutthaya, Patani rebelled by attacking Singora (Songkhla) in 1689 with an army of approximately 10.000 to 15.000 soldiers. Ayutthaya then supported Singora in a counter-attack, defeating Patani the following year (1690) and forcing the raja to again send tribute to Ayutthaya.[Reference: Bradley, Francis R. - Moral Order in a Time of Damnation: The "Hikayat Patani" in Historical Context - Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 40, No 2 (Jun. 2009), pp 267-293 - Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Department of History, National University of Singapore.] |
| 16895 Mar |
Signing in Versailles of a new Franco-Siamese treaty, with Tachard signing for Siam.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 168910 Apr |
The French General Desfarges and his remaining troops leave for Junk Ceylon (Phuket).[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 16895 Nov |
The French court learns the news of the revolution in Siam and the sieges of Mergui and Bangkok.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1690Jan |
The French General Desfarges returns to Pondicherry after his adventure in Phuket. Recalled to France, he leaves Pondicherry with his remaining troops on the Oriflamme in March. Desfarges dies before reaching Martinique. The Oriflamme sinks off the coast of Brittany with Desfarges' two sons and most of the remaining French forces on board in February 1691.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
| 1690Feb |
Cremation rites are performed for King Narai’s body.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1690Mar |
Tachard leaves for Siam again.[Ref: Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1690Nov |
The two remaining Siamese mandarins on board the Gaillard, Ok-Khun Chamnam and Ok-Khun Vicet, were eventually offloaded at Balassor, to return in a Dutch or Portuguese ship. They left in November 1690 for Mergui, carrying a grovelling letter from Tachard to the Phra Klang, Kosa Pan.[Smithies, Michael - Robert Challe And Siam - Journal of the Siam Society - Volume 81.1 (1993)] |
| 1691Apr |
Bishop Laneau and companion Missionaries are released from prison in Ayutthaya.[Ref: Michael Smithies, Michael (1993) - Abbé de Choisy - Journal of a Voyage to Siam 1685-1686] |
| 1692 |
1692 - By 1692, Chinese and Japanese merchants and other travelers reported that Patani had rebelled again, though the reasons for refusing to pay tribute are unclear. Ayutthaya then attacked by sea and chased Raja Emas Kelantan and her people into the hills and mountains surrounding Patani, where their familiarity with the terrain allowed them to effectively evade any further attacks against them. In what skirmishes resulted, Palani defeated Siam's army of 6.000 soldiers, but its success was short-lived. After frequent attempts at poisoning the river water tailed to extricate the Siamese army from Patani, the queen eventually surrendered and promised to again send tribute to Ayutthaya.[Reference: Bradley, Francis R. - Moral Order in a Time of Damnation: The "Hikayat Patani" in Historical Context - Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 40, No 2 (Jun. 2009), pp 267-293 - Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Department of History, National University of Singapore.] |
| 169616 Mar |
Louis Laneau (1637-1696), "Bishop of Metellopolis” dies in Ayutthaya on 16 March 1696. He was succeeded by Bishop Louis Champion de Cicé (1700-1727). |
| 1699Jan |
Jan 1699 - King Petracha and his Phra Klang Kosa Pan grant a purely formal audience to Tachard in Ayutthaya.[Ref: Smithies, Michael - Desfarges (General), De La Touche (Lieutenant.), Jean Vollant - Des Verquains - Three Military Accounts of the 1688 'Revolution' in Siam (Orchid Press, 2002)] |
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