Alexandra Konstantinovna Kosteniuk | Women’s World Chess Champion, Grandmaster | Britannica (original) (raw)
Alexandra Konstantinovna Kosteniuk (born April 23, 1984, Perm, Russia, U.S.S.R.) is a Russian chess player who was the women’s world champion (2008–2010).
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Like most elite chess players, Kosteniuk learned the game at a young age; her father quit his job to begin teaching her full-time when she was 5 years old. In 1994 Kosteniuk won the girl’s under-10 section of the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) European Youth Chess Championship, held in Băile Herculane, Rom., and finished second in the girl’s under-10 section of the FIDE World Youth Chess Festival for Peace, held in Szeged, Hung. In 1996 she won the girl’s under-12 section of the FIDE World Youth Chess Festival for Peace, held in Cala Galdana, Minorca. She earned the Woman International Master (WIM) title in 1997 and the Woman Grandmaster (WGM) title in 1998.
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Kosteniuk lost to Zhu Chen of China in the final match of the 2002 FIDE Women’s World Chess Championship, a “knockout” tournament that was held in Moscow. In 2004 Kosteniuk won the FIDE Women’s European Chess Championship, held in Dresden, Ger., which earned her the (men’s) International Grandmaster (GM) title. In 2005 she won the FIDE Women’s Russian Chess Championship, held in Samara, Russia. In 2006 Kosteniuk became the first woman champion of chess960 (also known as Fischer chess because it was invented by the American Bobby Fischer, former world chess champion), a game in which the chess pieces are shuffled along each player’s back rank (with certain restrictions) before play begins. Kosteniuk won the 2008 FIDE Women’s World Chess Championship, held in Nalchik, Russia, by defeating Hou Yifan of China in the final match with a score of 1 win, 3 draws, and 0 losses. She was eliminated in the third round of the 2010 FIDE Women’s World Chess Championship, held in Antioch, Tur., ending her reign.
Kosteniuk described her chess education in How I Became Grandmaster at Age 14 (2001) and a plan for chess improvement in Play Like Kosteniuk (2007). She also wrote an autobiography, Diary of a Chess Queen (2010). In addition, she produced various instructional chess DVDs and in 2005 began publishing a podcast called Chess Is Cool. Kosteniuk graduated from the Russian State Academy of Physical Education in 2003 as a certified professional chess trainer.
In addition to chess, Kosteniuk worked as a fashion model and had a supporting role in a Russian film, Blagoslovite zhenshinu (2003; “Bless the Woman”). She married Diego Garces of Switzerland in 2002, and their daughter, Francesca Maria Garces, was born in 2007.