Heinrich Bullinger | Biography, Reformation, Theology, & Facts | Britannica (original) (raw)

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Died:

September 17, 1575, Zürich

Heinrich Bullinger (born July 18, 1504, Bremgarten, Switzerland—died September 17, 1575, Zürich) was a convert from Roman Catholicism who first aided and then succeeded the Swiss reformer Huldrych Zwingli (1484–1531) and who, through his preaching and writing, became a major figure in securing Switzerland for the Reformation.

While a student at the University of Cologne, Bullinger became increasingly sympathetic to the Reformation. Barred from Roman Catholic clerical positions, he taught at the cloister school of the Cistercian order at Kappel, Switzerland, from 1523 to 1529.

Having known Zwingli since 1523, Bullinger gradually accepted his theology and in 1528 assisted him in theological disputations at the Bern convocation. The next year he succeeded his father as a pastor at Bremgarten. When Zwingli died in 1531, Bullinger took his place as main pastor at Zürich. His influence extended to other countries through correspondence with their rulers, including Henry VIII and Edward VI of England. In order to overcome differences on the Lord’s Supper with Martin Luther in the interests of church unity, Bullinger helped draft the First Helvetic Confession of 1536.

When this effort failed, he subsequently reached agreement with the reformer John Calvin in the Consensus Tigurinus (1549) and with other churches in his own Second Helvetic Confession (1566). This marked the beginning of the “Reformed tradition,” the fusion of Zwinglian and Calvinist thought. His other works included Diarium (ed. by Emil Egli, 1904; “Diary”), a life of Zwingli, and Reformationsgeschichte, 3 vol. (1838–40; “History of the Reformation”).

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