Hyperplasia | pathology | Britannica (original) (raw)
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abnormal cell growth
In tumour …commonly in other conditions; (2) hyperplasia, or an increase in the number of cells within a given zone; in some instances it may constitute the only criterion of tumour formation; (3) anaplasia, or a regression of the physical characteristics of a cell toward a more primitive or undifferentiated type; this… Read More
In human disease: Cell growth inhibition …growth are referred to as hyperplasias; they consist of expanded numbers of normal-appearing cells and, depending on the duration of growth, can result in an enlargement of tissues and organs. In general, hyperplasias arise to meet special needs of the body and subside once these needs are met. Hyperplasias are… Read More
endocrine glands
In adrenal gland: Diseases of the adrenal glands …hyperfunction is always due to hyperplasia (enlargement) of both adrenal glands, whereas acquired hyperfunction may be due to either an adrenal tumour or hyperplasia. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, also known as adrenogenital syndrome, is a disorder in which there is an inherited defect in one of the enzymes needed for the… Read More
In human endocrine system: Endocrine hyperfunction …size of each cell) and hyperplasia (increase in the number of cells). The hyperfunction may be primary, caused by some abnormality within the gland itself, or secondary (compensatory), caused by changes in the serum concentration of a substance that normally regulates the hormone and may in turn be regulated by… Read More
In human disease: Diseases of metabolic-endocrine origin In general, overproduction results from hyperplasia, an increase in the number of cells (in this case, hormone-secreting cells) in a specific endocrine gland. It can also be caused by neoplasia, the growth of a tumour in an endocrine gland. Although most endocrine tumours are benign, the resulting hypersecretion of hormone… Read More
fetal growth
In childhood disease and disorder: Endocrine disorders Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a group of conditions in which there is a defect in the production of normal adrenocortical-steroid hormones (secretions of the cortex, or outer substance, of the adrenal glands). Excessive stimulation of the cortex of the adrenals by a pituitary hormone (adrenocorticotropic hormone, or… Read More
hormonal effect
In hormone: Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone) …increases in cell number (hyperplasia) and in size of the gland. One consequence of an overactive thyroid in humans is a bulging of the eyes (exophthalmos). The cause of this is obscure, although it has been thought to result from the action of a distinct exophthalmos-producing substance that, while… Read More
tissue growth
In materials science: Cardiovascular devices …is referred to as internal hyperplasia and is thought to result from differences in compliance between the graft and the host vessels. In addition, in order to optimize compatibility of the biomaterial with the blood, the synthetic graft eventually should be coated with a confluent layer of host endothelial cells,… Read More
uterine cancer
In uterine cancer: Prevention …in the uterine wall called hyperplasias, which can be removed to eliminate the possibility of their developing into malignant tumours. Some medical societies recommend an annual Pap test plus pelvic exam for all women once they have reached 18 years of age or become sexually active, whichever is earlier. Read More
