Reform or Revolution? | work by Luxemburg | Britannica (original) (raw)

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discussed in biography

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  In Rosa Luxemburg
  …in Sozialreform oder Revolution? (1899; Reform or Revolution), in which she defended Marxist orthodoxy and the necessity of revolution, arguing that parliament was nothing more than a bourgeois sham. Karl Kautsky, the leading theoretician of the Second International, agreed with her, and revisionism consequently became a socialist heresy both in…
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Marxist theory development

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  In Marxism: The work of Kautsky and Bernstein
  … in Sozialreform oder Revolution (Reform or Revolution), both in 1899. Bernstein focused first of all upon the labour theory of value. Along with the economists of his time he considered it outdated, both in the form expounded by British classical economists and as set forth in Das Kapital. He…
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