ß-Chloroprene - IDLH | NIOSH (original) (raw)
May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
CAS number: 126–99–8
NIOSH REL: 1 ppm (3.6 mg/m3) 15-minute CEILING; NIOSH considers ß-chloroprene to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].
Current OSHA PEL: 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (35 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (36 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Description of Substance: Colorless liquid with a pungent, ether-like odor.
LEL: . . 4.0% (10% LEL, 4,000 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 400 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Patty [1963] that no mice died from a 1-hour exposure to 277 ppm, but all mice died from a 1-hour exposure to 829.2 ppm [von Oettingen et al. 1936].
Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal concentration data:
| Species | Reference | LC50 (ppm) | LCLo (ppm) | Time | Adjusted 0.5-hr LC (CF) | Derived value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RatMouseRabbit Cat | Izmerov et al. 1982von Oettingen et al. 1936von Oettingen et al. 1936 von Oettingen et al. 1936 | 3,207LC100: 829—– —– | ———-1,052 350 | 4 hr1 hr8 hr 8 hr | 6,414 ppm (2.0)1,036 ppm (1.25)2,629 ppm (2.5) 876 ppm (2.5) | 641 ppm104 ppm263 ppm 88 ppm |
Human data: Exposure to 973 ppm has resulted in nausea and giddiness in volunteers in 10 to 15 minutes [Nystrom 1948]. Extreme fatigue and unbearable chest pain has occurred following a month of exposure to concentrations ranging from 56 to 334 ppm [Nystrom 1948].
Revised IDLH: 300 ppmBasis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for ß-chloroprene is 300 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Nystrom 1948]. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the “most protective” respirators be worn for ß-chloroprene at concentrations above 1 ppm.]
REFERENCES:
1. Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 38.
2. Nystrom AE [1948]. Health hazards in the chloroprene rubber industry and their prevention. A clinical and experimental study, with special reference to chloroprene and its oxidation and polymerization products. Acta Med Scand 123 (Suppl 219):5-125.
3. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1320.
4. von Oettingen WF, Hueper WC, Deichmann-Grubler W, Wiley FH [1936]. 2-Chlorobutadiene (chloroprene): its toxicity and pathology and the mechanism of its action. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 18 (4):247-249.