China - The World Factbook (original) (raw)

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East and Southeast Asia

Page last updated: January 15, 2025

Photos of China

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The five-stage locks at the Three Gorges Dam at Sandouping, China. The locks were constructed to increase river shipping by up to 10 times and cut transportation costs by one third.

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Contents

Introduction

Geography

People and Society

Environment

Government

Economy

Energy

Communications

Transportation

Military and Security

Space

Transnational Issues

Introduction

Background

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Geography

Location

Geographic coordinates

Map references

Area

comparison ranking: total 5

Area - comparative

Area comparison map

:

Area comparison map

Land boundaries

Coastline

Maritime claims

Climate

Terrain

Elevation

Natural resources

Land use

Irrigated land

Major lakes (area sq km)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Major aquifers

Population distribution

Natural hazards

Geography - note

People and Society

Population

comparison rankings: female 1; male 2; total 1

Nationality

Ethnic groups

Languages

Mandarin audio sample

:

Religions

Age structure

2023 population pyramid

:

2023 population pyramid

Dependency ratios

Median age

comparison ranking: total 61

Population growth rate

comparison ranking: 172

Birth rate

comparison ranking: 183

Death rate

comparison ranking: 95

Net migration rate

comparison ranking: 100

Population distribution

Urbanization

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030File Icon

Major urban areas - population

Sex ratio

Maternal mortality ratio

comparison ranking: 117

Infant mortality rate

comparison ranking: total 167

Life expectancy at birth

comparison ranking: total population 75

Total fertility rate

comparison ranking: 193

Gross reproduction rate

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physician density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

comparison ranking: 169

Alcohol consumption per capita

comparison ranking: total 89

Tobacco use

comparison ranking: total 44

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

comparison ranking: 100

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

Child marriage

Education expenditures

comparison ranking: 133

Literacy

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

People - note

Environment

Environment - current issues

Environment - international agreements

Climate

Land use

Urbanization

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030File Icon

Revenue from forest resources

comparison ranking: 117

Revenue from coal

comparison ranking: 9

Air pollutants

Waste and recycling

Major lakes (area sq km)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Major aquifers

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Geoparks

Government

Country name

Government type

Capital

Administrative divisions

Independence

National holiday

Constitution

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

Executive branch

Legislative branch

Judicial branch

Political parties

International organization participation

Diplomatic representation in the US

Diplomatic representation from the US

Flag description

National symbol(s)

National anthem

National heritage

Government - note

Economy

Economic overview

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

comparison ranking: 1

Real GDP growth rate

comparison ranking: 46

Real GDP per capita

comparison ranking: 97

GDP (official exchange rate)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

comparison ranking: 8

Credit ratings

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

comparison rankings: services 121; industry 33; agriculture 99

GDP - composition, by end use

Agricultural products

Industries

Industrial production growth rate

comparison ranking: 91

Labor force

comparison ranking: 1

Unemployment rate

comparison ranking: 89

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

comparison ranking: total 93

Population below poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

comparison ranking: 61

Average household expenditures

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Remittances

Budget

Public debt

comparison ranking: 114

Taxes and other revenues

comparison ranking: 191

Current account balance

comparison ranking: 2

Exports

comparison ranking: 1

Exports - partners

Exports - commodities

Imports

comparison ranking: 2

Imports - partners

Imports - commodities

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

comparison ranking: 1

Debt - external

comparison ranking: 1

Exchange rates

Energy

Electricity access

Electricity

comparison rankings: transmission/distribution losses 211; imports 44; exports 14; consumption 1; installed generating capacity 1

Electricity generation sources

Nuclear energy

Coal

Petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

comparison ranking: total emissions 1

Energy consumption per capita

comparison ranking: 34

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 1

Telephones - mobile cellular

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 1

Telecommunication systems

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

comparison ranking: total 1

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

comparison ranking: total 1

Transportation

National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

comparison ranking: 15

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

comparison ranking: total 2

Roadways

comparison ranking: total 3

Waterways

comparison ranking: 6

Merchant marine

comparison ranking: total 2

Ports

Transportation - note

Military and Security

Military and security forces

Military expenditures

comparison ranking: 90

Military and security service personnel strengths

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

Military service age and obligation

Military deployments

Military - note

Space

Space agency/agencies

Space launch site(s)

Space program overview

Transnational Issues

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Trafficking in persons

Illicit drugs

Contents

Introduction

Geography

People and Society

Environment

Government

Economy

Energy

Communications

Transportation

Military and Security

Space

Transnational Issues