Ethiopia - The World Factbook (original) (raw)

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Page last updated: January 16, 2025

Photos of Ethiopia

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The Church of Saint George, located in a mountainous region of Ethiopia called Lalibela, where 11  churches were carved out of rock in the 12th and 13th centuries. The layout and names of the major buildings are widely accepted to be a symbolic representation of Jerusalem. In 1978, UNESCO declared the churches a World Heritage Site.

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Contents

Introduction

Geography

People and Society

Environment

Government

Economy

Energy

Communications

Transportation

Military and Security

Space

Terrorism

Transnational Issues

Introduction

Background

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Geography

Location

Geographic coordinates

Map references

Area

comparison ranking: total 28

Area - comparative

Area comparison map

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Area comparison map

Land boundaries

Coastline

Maritime claims

Climate

Terrain

Elevation

Natural resources

Land use

Irrigated land

Major lakes (area sq km)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Major aquifers

Population distribution

Natural hazards

Geography - note

People and Society

Population

comparison rankings: female 12; male 13; total 12

Nationality

Ethnic groups

Languages

Religions

Demographic profile

Age structure

2023 population pyramid

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2023 population pyramid

Dependency ratios

Median age

comparison ranking: total 203

Population growth rate

comparison ranking: 26

Birth rate

comparison ranking: 27

Death rate

comparison ranking: 164

Net migration rate

comparison ranking: 96

Population distribution

Urbanization

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030File Icon

Major urban areas - population

Sex ratio

Mother's mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

comparison ranking: 32

Infant mortality rate

comparison ranking: total 40

Life expectancy at birth

comparison ranking: total population 196

Total fertility rate

comparison ranking: 27

Gross reproduction rate

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physician density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

comparison ranking: 185

Alcohol consumption per capita

comparison ranking: total 149

Tobacco use

comparison ranking: total 161

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

comparison ranking: 12

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

Child marriage

Education expenditures

comparison ranking: 101

Literacy

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Environment

Environment - current issues

Environment - international agreements

Climate

Land use

Urbanization

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030File Icon

Food insecurity

Revenue from forest resources

comparison ranking: 11

Revenue from coal

comparison ranking: 118

Air pollutants

Waste and recycling

Major lakes (area sq km)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Major aquifers

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Government

Country name

Government type

Capital

Administrative divisions

Independence

National holiday

Constitution

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

Executive branch

Legislative branch

Legislative branch - lower chamber

Legislative branch - upper chamber

Judicial branch

Political parties

International organization participation

Diplomatic representation in the US

Diplomatic representation from the US

Flag description

National symbol(s)

National anthem

National heritage

Economy

Economic overview

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

comparison ranking: 57

Real GDP growth rate

comparison ranking: 23

Real GDP per capita

comparison ranking: 199

GDP (official exchange rate)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

comparison ranking: 206

Credit ratings

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

comparison rankings: services 203; industry 100; agriculture 5

GDP - composition, by end use

Agricultural products

Industries

Industrial production growth rate

comparison ranking: 31

Labor force

comparison ranking: 11

Unemployment rate

comparison ranking: 60

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

comparison ranking: total 172

Population below poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

comparison ranking: 78

Average household expenditures

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Remittances

Budget

Public debt

comparison ranking: 166

Taxes and other revenues

comparison ranking: 203

Current account balance

comparison ranking: 184

Exports

comparison ranking: 113

Exports - partners

Exports - commodities

Imports

comparison ranking: 92

Imports - partners

Imports - commodities

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

comparison ranking: 115

Debt - external

comparison ranking: 30

Exchange rates

Energy

Electricity access

Electricity

comparison rankings: transmission/distribution losses 142; exports 59; consumption 101; installed generating capacity 83

Electricity generation sources

Coal

Petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

comparison ranking: total emissions 92

Energy consumption per capita

comparison ranking: 183

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 75

Telephones - mobile cellular

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 25

Telecommunication systems

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

comparison ranking: total 44

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

comparison ranking: total 118

Transportation

National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

comparison ranking: 79

Heliports

Railways

comparison ranking: total 104

Roadways

comparison ranking: total 30

Merchant marine

comparison ranking: total 156

Military and Security

Military and security forces

Military expenditures

comparison ranking: 128

Military and security service personnel strengths

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

Military service age and obligation

Military deployments

Military - note

Space

Space agency/agencies

Space program overview

Terrorism

Terrorist group(s)

Transnational Issues

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs

Contents

Introduction

Geography

People and Society

Environment

Government

Economy

Energy

Communications

Transportation

Military and Security

Space

Terrorism

Transnational Issues