DevOps Tutorial (original) (raw)
**DevOps is a combination of two words: ****"Development"** and ****"Operations."** It’s a modern approach where software developers and software operations teams work together throughout the entire software life cycle, from planning and coding to testing, deploying, and monitoring.
The main idea of DevOps is to improve the software delivery process. We achieve this by software release automation, continuous monitoring/logging and testing. The goals of DevOps are:
- Faster and continuous software releases.
- Reduces manual errors through automation.
- Built-in Monitoring****,** detect failures or issues during delivery or in production.
- Automate testing throughout the software delivery process.
Before DevOps, software delivery was slow and manual, often taking up to 10 days to move code from development to production. Separate teams handled coding, server setup, testing, and deployment, leading to delays and frequent errors due to lack of automation.
With DevOps, the process is fast, automated, and collaborative. Using tools like Git, Jenkins, Docker, and Kubernetes, teams can build, test, and deploy code continuously, enabling deployment in hours instead of days.
1. Understanding DevOps Fundamentals
In this section, we will cover the basic DevOps fundamentals and terminologies that are essential for a DevOps engineer. These concepts will help you build a clear understanding of DevOps and its core practices.
- What is DevOps and it's working?
- Lifecycle of DevOps
- Agile Vs DevOps
- Difference between Cloud and DevOps Engineer
2. Linux for DevOps
Linux is one of the most widely used operating systems for servers and cloud environment, offering a powerful command-line interface, scripting environment, and strong security features. It is essential for learning DevOps, as most servers run on Linux operating system. Also, key tools like Docker, Kubernetes, Jenkins, and Ansible are built to work best in Linux environments.
This section introduces the core Linux concepts, commands, and networking essentials every DevOps engineer should know.
- What is Linux Operating System?
- Linux Commands for DevOps
- Network configuration and troubleshooting commands in Linux
- SSH Server (sshd) Configuration and Security Options With Examples
Learn Linux in Advance with our: Linux Tutorial
3. Source Code Management
Source Code Management is one of the key aspects of DevOps. It is the practice of tracking and managing the versions of your source code. Git is considered to be one of the best tools for version control of source codes.
In this section on Source Code Management, we’ll explore the fundamentals of version control using tools like Git, GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket. From installing Git and understanding how it works to using essential commands, managing repositories, and comparing popular platforms, this section covers everything you need to track changes, collaborate efficiently, and manage codebases in a DevOps workflow.
- Introduction and Installation of Git
- How Git Version Control Works?
- Useful Git Commands and Basic Concepts
- Introduction to GitHub
- List of useful GitHub Commands
- Difference Between GitLab and GitHub
- How to setup GitLab Repo in Windows 10
- Bitbucket vs GitHub Vs GitLab
To learn Git in advance, refer: Git Tutorial
CI/CD in DevOps
CI/CD stands for Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment/Delivery. It is a core DevOps practice that automates the process of building, testing, and deploying code changes to production faster and more reliably. Learn how to build CI/CD pipelines usingJenkinsthrough the resources below:
- What is CI/CD?
- What is Jenkins?
- Understanding Jenkins CI/CD Pipeline And Its Stages
- How to Make a CI-CD Pipeline in Jenkins?
To learn Jenkins in advance, refer: Jenkins Tutorial
4. Scripting Language for DevOps
After understanding source code management, let us start with a scripting language. Scripting language is essential in DevOps as it helps automate repetitive tasks, reduces errors, and saves time.
Languages like Bash, YAML, and Python are widely used, and having basic scripting knowledge can significantly improve your efficiency and effectiveness as a DevOps engineer.
- What is YAML?
- YAML Comments
- How to block comments in YAML
- Difference between YAML and JSON
- Python For DevOps: A Complete Guide For Beginners
- How to run python script
- Introduction to Linux Shell Scripting
- How to create a Shell Script
- Introduction to Bash and Bash Scripting
5. Starting With A Cloud Platform
Cloud computing is essential as it powers most modern applications through platforms like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud. These platforms allow users to easily manage servers, storage, databases, and networks from a single interface.
Here are tutorials for the three most widely used cloud platforms, with clear explanations to help you get started:
6. Docker
Docker is a popular containerization tool that is used to deliver software quickly by using the concept of containerized code which helps for easy management and maintenance of applications.
In this section on Docker, we’ll cover the core components and commands that form the foundation of containerization. You’ll learn how Docker works, understand its architecture, use key commands, and create custom images with Dockerfiles. We’ll also explore Docker Compose for multi-container setups, manage storage and networking, expose container ports, work with Docker registries, and get introduced to Docker Swarm for basic container orchestration.
- Introduction to Docker
- Docker Architecture
- Docker Commands
- Dockerfile
- Docker Images
- Introduction to Docker Compose
- Docker Storage
- Docker Networking
- Docker Ports
- Docker Registry
To learn Docker in advance, refer: Docker Tutorial
7. Kubernetes
Docker helps you create and run containers, but when your application grows and you need to manage multiple containers across different machines, Docker alone isn’t enough. That’s where Kubernetes comes in. Kubernetes is used to orchestrate and manage Docker containers at scale.
Here is all you need to learn in Kubernetes:
- Introduction to Kubernetes
- Kubernetes Deployments
- Kubernetes Volumes
- Kubernetes Secrets
- Kubernetes Kubectl
- Kubernetes ConfigMap
To learn Kubernetes in advance, refer: Kubernetes Tutorial
8. Infrastructure as a Code
IaC enables automating and configuring the infrastructure resources using various tools such as Terraform, CloudFormation, ARM Templates, etc. It defines cloud resources, manages resource dependencies, creates reusable templates, tests IaC code, and manages code changes using version control systems.
- Introduction to Terraform
- Terraform Syntax With Examples
- Introduction to AWS Cloudformation
- AWS CloudFormation Templates
- Automation using Chef
- Using Ansible to Manage Remote Machines
To learn more, you can refer to Complete DevOps Roadmap – Beginner to Advanced
DevOps Course by GeeksforGeeks
Learn DevOps step by step with GeeksforGeeks DevOps courses. These self-paced programs cover everything from Linux, Git, Docker, and Kubernetes to CI/CD, Jenkins, Terraform, Ansible, and cloud platforms like AWS and Azure—helping you build and deploy real-world projects
DevOps Interview Questions
Here are the top 70 most commonly asked DevOps interview questions, covering essential topics like CI/CD, configuration management, containerization, cloud services, infrastructure as code, and monitoring tools.
Is DevOps for Freshers?
DevOps is a hot topic in the IT industry and lots of companies now need a DevOps Engineer to manage their servers, code deployment process, and maintenance of their applications. If you also want to join any organization as a DevOps Engineer without any prior work experience, then it is very important for you to follow these certain tips to get into the world of DevOps.
- Learn the Fundamentals listed above
- Gain Hands-on knowledge by practicing and building projects
- Try to learn and master automation
- Develop soft skills
- Network with professionals
- Always be in the loop of learning and implementing.
DevOps Career Opportunities
The demand for DevOps professionals continues to grow, with organizations increasingly adopting DevOps practices to enhance software delivery and operational efficiency. Here are
| **Role | **Key Responsibilities | **Skills Required | **Avg. Salary (India) | **Avg. Salary (U.S.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **DevOps Engineer | Automate CI/CD pipelines, manage infrastructure, monitor systems, and collaborate across teams. | Jenkins, Docker, Kubernetes, Git, Linux, scripting (Bash/Python), AWS/Azure. | ₹7–15 LPA | 85K–85K–85K–130K |
| **Site Reliability Engineer | Ensure system reliability, scalability, and performance; implement monitoring and incident response strategies. | Prometheus, Grafana, Kubernetes, Python/Go, incident management. | ₹10–20 LPA | 100K–100K–100K–150K |
| **DevOps Architect | Design and implement DevOps strategies, oversee tool integration, and ensure best practices across the organization. | Terraform, Ansible, AWS/Azure, CI/CD tools, infrastructure as code (IaC). | ₹18–28 LPA | 120K–120K–120K–160K |
| **DevSecOps Engineer | Integrate security practices into the DevOps pipeline, conduct vulnerability assessments, and ensure compliance. | Security tools (e.g., SonarQube), CI/CD, scripting, cloud security. | ₹12–22 LPA | 110K–110K–110K–150K |
| **Release Manager | Oversee the software release process, coordinate between teams, and ensure timely and smooth deployments. | Jenkins, Git, project management, communication skills. | ₹8–16 LPA | 90K–90K–90K–130K |
| **Automation Engineer | Develop and maintain automation scripts for deployment, testing, and other operational tasks. | Selenium, Python, Bash, CI/CD tools. | ₹6–14 LPA | 80K–80K–80K–120K |
| **Cloud DevOps Engineer | Manage cloud infrastructure, automate deployments, and ensure scalability and security in cloud environments. | AWS/Azure/GCP, Terraform, Kubernetes, cloud security. | ₹10–20 LPA | 100K–100K–100K–150K |
| **DevOps Consultant | Advise organizations on DevOps best practices, tool selection, and implementation strategies. | DevOps tools expertise, communication, project management. | ₹12–24 LPA | 110K–110K–110K–160K |
| **Platform Engineer | Build and maintain the underlying platform infrastructure, ensuring stability and scalability for development and operations. | Kubernetes, Docker, cloud services, scripting. | ₹9–18 LPA | 95K–95K–95K–140K |
| **DevOps Manager | Lead DevOps teams, strategize DevOps implementations, and align DevOps practices with business goals. | Leadership, DevOps tools, project management, communication. | ₹15–30 LPA | 120−120 - 120−170k |
List of Companies Using DevOps
These are some Popular companies that use DevOps in their workflow:
| **Company Name | **DevOps Implementation |
|---|---|
| **Amazon | Extensive use of DevOps in AWS, CI/CD pipelines, and automation tools. |
| DevOps practices for managing large-scale infrastructure, automation, and microservices. | |
| **Netflix | DevOps for continuous delivery, auto-scaling, and rapid deployment of features. |
| **Facebook (Meta) | DevOps for managing large-scale data centers, automation, and site reliability. |
| **Microsoft | DevOps integration in Azure, automated deployments, and CI/CD practices. |
| **Etsy | Early adopter of DevOps, using it for rapid deployment and continuous integration. |
| **Uber | Utilizes DevOps for microservices, automation, and scaling infrastructure. |
| **Airbnb | Implements DevOps for infrastructure as code, automation, and scaling operations. |
| **Spotify | DevOps for continuous integration, automation, and microservices architecture. |
| Uses DevOps for infrastructure management, automation, and rapid feature releases. |
Conclusion
DevOps is an excellent approach for delivering quality products more efficiently and helps an organization to stay competitive in today's fast-paced digital world by focusing more on automating services, collaborations, and continuous improvement of the product's features by adapting continuous integration and continuous delivery methodology.