Hibernate Tutorial (original) (raw)

Last Updated : 22 Jun, 2024

Hibernate is the most used Object/Relational persistence and query service and It is licensed under the open-source GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). Hibernate not only see the mapping from Java classes to database tables but also provides data query and recovery facilities. Hibernate is free to download.

This **Hibernate Tutorial is tailored for both beginners and experienced professionals, It helps you to use Hibernate to create database-based web applications in simple and easy steps and learn fundamental and advanced concepts of Hibernate including setting up Hibernate, mapping Java classes to database tables, performing basic and advanced database operations, utilizing Hibernate Query Language (HQL), and more.

**What is Hibernate Framework?

Hibernate is a Java framework, licensed under the open-source GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), and is available for free download. Developed in 2001 by Gavin King, Hibernate was introduced as a groundbreaking alternative to the EJB2-style entity bean approach. By mapping Java objects to database tables, it streamlines data persistence and retrieval without the need for complex SQL queries. With features like automatic transaction management and caching, Hibernate simplifies and optimizes database interactions, making it an indispensable framework for efficient data management in Java applications.

What is JDBC?

JDBC ****(Java Database Connectivity)** provides a set of Java APIs to access the relational databases from the Java program. Java APIs enable programs to execute SQL statements and interact with any SQL database.

JDBC gives a flexible architecture to write a database-independent web application that can execute on different platforms and interact with different DBMS without any change.

An ORM tool simplifies the data creation, data manipulation and data access and It is a programming technique that maps the object to the data stored in the database.

ORM Tool

The ORM tool internally uses the JDBC API to interact with the database.

What is JPA?

• Java Persistence API (JPA) is a Java specification that provides specific functionality and is a standard for ORM tools.
• **javax.persistence package contains the JPA classes and interfaces.

Table of Content

• Hibernate Basics
• Core Hibernate
• Hibernate Mapping
• Hibernate Annotations
• Hibernate with Spring Framework
• Hibernate with Database
• Hibernate Log4j
• Inheritance Mapping
• Hibernate Advantages
• Hibernate Supported Databases

Hibernate Basics

• Introduction to Hibernate Framework
• Hibernate Architecture
• Hibernate Lifecycle
• Difference between JDBC and Hibernate in Java
• JPA vs Hibernate
• Hibernate – Difference Between ORM and JDBC
• Hibernate Example using XML in Eclipse
• Hibernate – Create Hibernate Configuration File with the Help of Plugin

Core Hibernate

• Hibernate – Cache Eviction with Example
• Hibernate – Cache Expiration
• Hibernate – Enable and Implement First and Second Level Cache
• Hibernate – Pagination
• Hibernate – Different Cascade Types
• Hibernate – Caching
• Hibernate – Eager/Lazy Loading
• Hibernate – get() and load() Method
• Hibernate Validator with Example
• Hibernate – Batch Processing
• Hibernate – Interceptors
• Hibernate – Criteria Queries
• Hibernate – Create POJO Classes
• Hibernate – Web Application
• Hibernate – Generator Classes
• Hibernate Example without IDE

Hibernate Mapping

• Hibernate – One-to-One Mapping
• Hibernate – One-to-Many Mapping
• Hibernate – Many-to-One Mapping
• Hibernate – Many-to-Many Mapping
• Hibernate – Component Mapping
• Hibernate – Mapping List
• Hibernate – Collection Mapping
• Hibernate – Bag Mapping
• Hibernate – Difference Between List and Bag Mapping
• Hibernate – SortedSet Mapping
• Hibernate – SortedMap Mapping
• Hibernate – Bidirectional Association
• Hibernate – Lazy Collection

Hibernate Annotations

• Hibernate – Annotations
• Hibernate – @Embeddable and @Embedded Annotation

**Hibernate JPA Annotations:

• @Entity
• @Table
• @Column
• @Id
• @GeneratedValue
• @Version
• @OrderBy
• @Transient
• @Lob

**Hibernate Association Mapping Annotations:

• @OneToOne
• @ManyToOne
• @OneToMany
• @ManyToMany
• @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
• @JoinColumn
• @MapsId

Hibernate with Spring Framework

• Spring Hibernate Configuration and Create a Table in Database
• Spring ORM Example using Hibernate
• Spring Boot – Validation using Hibernate Validator
• How to Create a Project using Spring MVC and Hibernate 5?
• Spring Boot – Integrating Hibernate and JPA

Hibernate with Database

• Hibernate – Save Image and Other Types of Values to Database
• Hibernate Native SQL Query with Example
• CRUD Operations using Hibernate
• Automatic Table Creation Using Hibernate
• Hibernate – Native SQL
• Hibernate – SQL Dialects
• Hibernate – Query Language
• Hibernate Example using JPA and MySQL

Hibernate Log4j

• Hibernate – Logging by Log4j using xml File
• Hibernate – Logging By Log4j Using Properties File

Inheritance Mapping

• Hibernate – Inheritance Mapping
• Hibernate – Table Per Hierarchy using XML File
• Hibernate – Table Per Hierarchy using Annotation
• Hibernate – Table Per Concrete Class using XML File
• Hibernate – Table Per Concrete Class Using Annotation
• Hibernate – Table Per Subclass Example using XML File
• Hibernate – Table Per Subclass using Annotation

**Hibernate Inheritance Mapping Annotations:

• @Inheritance
• @DiscriminatorColumn
• @DiscriminatorValue

Hibernate Advantages

Here are the advantages of Hibernate:

• Hibernate map Java classes to database tables using XML files.
• It provides APIs for storing and retrieving Java objects directly from the database.
• If there is a change in the database, then we just need to change the XML file properties.
• Abstracts out the unknown SQL types and provides a way to work around standard Java Objects.
• It does not require an application server to operate.
• Manipulates Complex relationships of objects in the database.
• Minimizes database access with smart fetching strategies.
• Simple querying of data.

Hibernate Supported Databases

Hibernate supports almost all the major RDBMS. Following is a list of a few of the database engines that are supported by Hibernate −

• HSQL Database Engine
• DB2/NT
• MySQL
• PostgreSQL
• FrontBase
• Oracle
• Microsoft SQL Server Database
• Sybase SQL Server
• Informix Dynamic Server

Conclusion

Well, it is a time to warp up this amazing Hibernate tutorial, here we've covered the fundamentals of Hibernate, including ORM principles, entity mapping, CRUD operations, querying with HQL and Criteria API, transaction management, and more. Hibernate simplifies database interactions by providing a robust framework that handles object-relational mapping seamlessly. Whether you're developing small-scale applications or large enterprise systems, Hibernate's features like caching, lazy loading, and data retrieval optimizations can significantly improve application performance and maintainability.