Python Tutorial | Learn Python Programming Language (original) (raw)

**Python Tutorial – Python is one of the most popular programming languages. It’s simple to use, packed with features and supported by a wide range of libraries and frameworks. Its clean syntax makes it beginner-friendly.

**Python is:

Why to Learn Python?

First Python Program

Here is a simple Python code, printing a string. We recommend you to edit the code and try to print your own name.

Python `

print("Hello World")

`

1. Python Basics

In this section, we’ll cover the basics of Python programming, including installing Python, writing first program, understanding comments and working with variables, keywords and operators. These are essential building blocks to get started with Python coding.

Before starting to learn python we need to install python on our system.

2. Python Functions

Python Functions are the backbone of organized and efficient code in Python. Here, in this section of Python 3 tutorial we'll explore their syntax, parameter handling, return values and variable scope. From basic concepts to advanced techniques like closures and decorators. Along the way, we'll also introduce versatile functions like range(), map, filter and lambda functions.

3. Python Data Structures

Python offers versatile collections of data types, including lists, string, tuples, sets, dictionaries and arrays. In this section, we will learn about each data types in detail.

Python's collections module offers essential data structures, including the following:

To learn data structure and algorithm with python in detail, you can refer to our DSA with Python Tutorial.

4. Python OOPs Concepts

In this section of Python OOPs, we'll explore the core principles of object-oriented programming (OOP) in Python. From encapsulation to inheritance, polymorphism, abstract classes and iterators, we'll cover the essential concepts that helps you to build modular, reusable and scalable code.

5. Python Exception Handling

In this section of Python Tutorial, we'll explore Python Exception Handling that how Python deals with unexpected errors, enabling us to write fault-tolerant code. We'll cover file handling, including reading from and writing to files.

6. File Handling

In this section, we will cover file handling, including reading from and writing to files.

7. Python Database Handling

In this section we will learn how to access and work with MySQL and MongoDB databases

8. Python Packages or Libraries

Python is a huge collection of Python Packages standard libraries that make development easier. These libraries help with a wide range of tasks and can save you a lot of time by providing ready-to-use tools.

Some commonly used types of libraries in Python include:

9. Data Science with Python

**1. Foundational Libraries: These are the libraries that form the base for all data science work. Start here to build a strong foundation.

**2. Advanced Visualization and Statistical Tools: Once you’re comfortable with basic data handling and visualization, move to creating cleaner visuals and performing statistical analysis.

**3. Machine Learning Libraries: After data manipulation and visualization, learn machine learning, starting with simpler models and moving to advanced ones.

4. **Deep Learning Frameworks: If you’re interested in AI and deep learning, these libraries will allow you to build and train neural networks.

To learn more, you can refer to Python for Data Science.

10. Web Development with Python

**1. Core Web Frameworks (Backend Development with Python): These are the tools for building Python-based web applications.

**2. Database Integration: Learn how to connect Python web frameworks to databases for storing and retrieving data.

**3. Front-End and Backend Integration: Learn how to connect Python backends with front-end technologies to create dynamic, full-stack web applications.

**4. API Development: Learn to build APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) for connecting your backend with front-end apps or other services.

To learn more, you can refer to Python for Web Development.

Python Quizzes

Python quiz page covers topics including variables, data types and how to manage output effectively. You'll explore operators and control flow to structure our code, along with loops (for and while) for repetitive tasks. Additionally, you'll gain knowledge with Python data structures such as lists, tuples, dictionaries and sets.

Python Practice

The Python Coding Practice Problems page offers exercises for all skill levels, covering basics, loops, functions and OOP. You'll work with lists, strings, dictionaries, sets and advanced structures like heaps and deques. These problems help build a strong foundation and boost confidence in solving real-world coding challenges.

Features of Python

Python stands out because of its simplicity and versatility, making it a top choice for both beginners and professionals. Here are some key features or characteristics:

  1. **Easy to Read and Write: Python’s syntax is clean and simple, making the code easy to understand and write. It is suitable for beginners.
  2. **Interpreted Language: Python executes code line by line, which helps in easy debugging and testing during development.
  3. **Object-Oriented and Functional: Python supports both object-oriented and functional programming, giving developers flexibility in how they structure their code.
  4. **Dynamically Typed: You don’t need to specify data types when declaring variables; Python figures it out automatically.
  5. **Extensive Libraries: Python has a rich collection of libraries for tasks like web development, data analysis, machine learning and more.
  6. **Cross-Platform: Python can run on different operating systems like Windows, macOS and Linux without modification.
  7. **Community Support: Python has a large, active community that continuously contributes resources, libraries and tools, making it easier to find help or solutions.

This Python tutorial is updated based on latest Python 3.13.1 version.

Applications of Python

Python vs. Other Programming Languages

Below is the comparison of Python with C, C++ and Java:

Feature Python C/C++ JavaScript Java
Type Interpreted Compiled Interpreted Compiled and Interpreted
Paradigm Multi-paradigm (object-oriented, procedural, functional) Procedural (C), Multi-paradigm (C++: object-oriented, generic) Multi-paradigm (event-driven, functional, object-oriented) Object-oriented, structured
Memory Management Automatic Manual Automatic Automatic
Syntax Simple Complex Simple Complex
Use Cases Web development, data analysis, machine learning System programming, embedded systems, game/high-performance development Large-scale applications, enterprise software Large-scale applications, enterprise software
Notable Frameworks/Libraries Django, Flask Standard Library, Boost Spring, Hibernate Spring, Hibernate
Community Support Strong Strong Strong Strong
Job Market Abundant Abundant Abundant Abundant

List of Companies Using Python

These are some Popular companies that use Python in their workflow:

**Company **Description
**Google Uses Python for various applications, including their search engine and machine learning projects.
**Instagram The backend of Instagram is built using Python, enabling it to handle millions of users efficiently.
**Spotify Python is used for data analysis and backend services, helping improve user recommendations.
**Dropbox Python powers the desktop client of Dropbox, making it easy to sync files across devices.
**Netflix Python helps Netflix with data analysis and managing its content recommendation algorithms.
**Reddit One of the largest online communities, Reddit, uses Python for its core functionalities.
**Uber Uber uses Python for various features, including dynamic pricing and data analysis.
**Pinterest Python plays a key role in the backend of Pinterest, helping scale and manage user content.

Career & Jobs in Python

Python offer diverse opportunities across industries, here we have listed all the best career opportunity that anyone can pursue after learning Python.

**Career **Average Salary (INR) Per Annum **Average Salary (USD) Per Annum
**Python Developer ₹500,000 – ₹1,200,000 60,000–60,000 – 60,000–110,000
**Data Scientist ₹600,000 – ₹1,500,000 70,000–70,000 – 70,000–130,000
**Machine Learning Engineer ₹700,000 – ₹1,800,000 75,000–75,000 – 75,000–140,000
**Full Stack Developer ₹600,000 – ₹1,300,000 65,000–65,000 – 65,000–120,000
**DevOps Engineer ₹800,000 – ₹2,000,000 80,000–80,000 – 80,000–140,000
**Automation Engineer ₹500,000 – ₹1,200,000 55,000–55,000 – 55,000–100,000
**Data Analyst ₹400,000 – ₹900,000 50,000–50,000 – 50,000–90,000
**Software Engineer ₹500,000 – ₹1,500,000 65,000–65,000 – 65,000–120,000
**Backend Developer ₹600,000 – ₹1,300,000 70,000–70,000 – 70,000–125,000
**AI Engineer ₹900,000 – ₹2,500,000 90,000–90,000 – 90,000–160,000

Python Latest & Upcoming Features

Python 3.13 is the most recent stable release of the programming language, featuring a blend of updates to its syntax, implementation and standard library. Key enhancements include the introduction of a revamped interactive interpreter, experimental capabilities for operating in a free-threaded mode (as outlined in PEP 703) and the addition of a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler (detailed in PEP 744).

**The upcoming version of Python is Python 3.14 and it is expected to include the following notable updates: UTF-8 Mode Default (PEP 686), Shorthand Syntax for Keyword Arguments, Enhanced f-strings, JSON-based Simple API (PEP 691).

--> In this tutorial, we've provided the latest Python 3.13 version compiler where you can edit and compile your written code directly with just one click of the RUN Button. So test yourself with Python first exercises.