Antigonus Monophthalmus - Livius (original) (raw)

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Antigonus I Monophthalmus (382-301): officer in the army of Alexander the Great, one of the Diadochi. His surname means "one eyed".

Relatives

• Father: Philip
• Wife: Stratonice, daughter of Corrhaeus
• Sons: Philip (c.350-306); Demetrius Poliorcetes (c.337-283)

Main deeds

• 382: Born
• Companion of king Philip II of Macedonia
• 336: Assassination of Philip (text); accession of Alexander the Great
• 334: Invasion of Asia; Antigonus is commander of the Greek hoplites
• 333: Antigonus is made satrap of Phrygia; defeats the Persian armies several times, conquers Lycaonia
• 331: Receives the satrapies of Lycia and Pamphylia
• Fights against the Cappadocian leader Ariarathes.
• 323: Death of Alexander in Babylon (text); settlement of Babylon (text); Antigonus remains ruler of his dominions
• 322: Antigonus refuses to side with Perdiccas and Eumenes; in their successful fight against Ariarathes; flees to Antipater in Macedonia; outbreak of the First Diadoch War (Antipater, Antigonus, Ptolemy Soter, and Craterus against Perdiccas and Eumenes)
• 320: Death of Perdiccas; Conference of Triparadisus (text); end of First Diadoch War; Antigonus restored and made supreme commander of the Macedonian forces in Asia; his task is to defeat Eumenes
• 319: Antigonus besieges Eumenes at Nora (text)
• 318: Outbreak of the Second Diadoch War (Polyperchon and Eumenes against Antigonus and Cassander, son of Antipater)
• 317: Antigonus pursues Eumenes to Gabae (text)
• 315: Antigonus defeats Eumenes; execution of Peithon (succeeded by Nicanor); the satrap of Babylonia, Seleucus, flees to Ptolemy
• 314: Antigonus has become too powerful: outbreak of the Third Diadoch War (Cassander, Ptolemy, and Lysimachus against Antigonus and his son Demetrius); Antigonus declares the Freedom of Greece (text) and starts the siege of Tyre (summer; text)
• 313, summer: Antigonus captures Tyre; the Peloponnese sides with Antigonus
• 312: Ptolemy defeats Demetrius near Gaza
• 311 (May): Seleucus liberates Babylon (text; more); defeat of Nicanor (autumn); the Peace of the Dynasts makes an end to the Third Diadoch War (december), and leaves Antigonus breathing space to declare the Babylonian War;
• 310: Seleucus defeats Demetrius (spring; text); Antigonus in Babylon (autumn)
• 309: Seleucus decisively beats Antigonus
• 307: Outbreak of the Fourth Diadoch War (Ptolemy and Cassander against Antigonus and Demetrius); Demetrius liberates Athens (text)
• 
  Demetrius I Poliorcetes
  306: Demetrius defeats Ptolemy in the naval battle ofSalamis (Cyprus); Antigonus and Demetrius accept the royal title (text)
• 305-304: Demetrius is unable to capture Rhodes (text); proceeds to Greece; Cassander and Ptolemy open negotiations, which Antigonus declines
• 302: Lysimachus invades Asia Minor; he receives support from Cassander and Seleucus
• 301: Battle of Ipsus; death of Antigonus. Asia Minor is for Lysimachus; Asia for Seleucus; Ptolemy seizes Coele Syria; Demetrius keeps Greece.

Succeeded by: Demetrius Poliorcetes

Literature

• R.A. Billows, Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State (1990, Berkeley)
• P. Briant, Antigone le Borgne (1973, Paris)
• W. Heckel, The Marshals of Alexander's Empire (1992 London)
• P.V. Wheatley, "The Antigonid Campaign in Cyprus, 306 B.C." in: Ancient Society 31 (2001) 133-56