Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (original) (raw)

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazili

Regional Level Types
Ametista do Sul Municipality
Rio Grande do Sul State
Brazil Country

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Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:34412:9

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

São Gabriel

French:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brésil

German:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasilien

Italian:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasile

Portuguese:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Russian:

Аметиста-ду-Сул, Риу-Гранди-ду-Сул, Бразилия

Simplified Chinese:

南阿梅蒂斯塔, 南里奥格兰德, 巴西

Spanish:

Ametista do Sul, Río Grande del Sur, Brasil

Armenian:

Ամետիստա դու Սուլ, Ռիու Գրանդի դու Սուլ, Բրազիլիա

Basque:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Bishnupriya Manipuri:

আমেটিস্টা ডো সুল, রিও গ্রান্ডে ডো সুল, ব্রাজিল

Catalan:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Cebuano:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul , Brasil

Dutch:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazilië

Esperanto:

Ametista do Sul, Suda Rio-Grando, Brazilo

Farsi/Persian:

امتیستا دو سول, ریو گرانده جنوبی, برزیل

Guarani:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Pindorama

Hungarian:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazília

Kazakh (Cyrillic Script):

Аметиста-ду-Сул, Риу-Гранди-ду-Сул, Бразилия

Malagasy:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazila

Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Pa-se

Mirandese:

Ametista do Sul, BR-RS, Brasil

Norwegian:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Occitan:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Polish:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazylia

Romanian:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazilia

Swedish:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasilien

Vietnamese:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Volapük:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasilän

Waray:

Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Ametista do Sul (Portuguese: [a.meˈt͡ʃis.tɐ du ˈsuw], lit. 'southern amethyst') is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It borders Planalto, Frederico Westphalen, Cristal do Sul, Rodeio Bonito and Iraí. The municipality is known for the amethyst mines in the area. The centre of town has a pyramid, of which the interior base walls (3 metres) are lined with amethyst. The Catholic Church (across from the pyramid) interior walls (6 metres) are also covered with amethyst.

The community has several active amethyst mines. There is a museum dedicated to the industry. There are vineyards with older unproductive mines converted to wine cellars. There are stores and other outlets to purchase amethyst and other stones.

The genesis of amethyst geodes in basalts (Serra Geral Formation) at Ametista do Sul, Brazil is considered a two-stage process with an early magmatic protogeode formation and a late, low-temperature infill of the cavity.

Originally named São Gabriel, renamed Ametista do Sul back in the 1980s. Mines include Salles, Célio, Testa, Trock, Narciso, Mioto, Zanon, Simonetti, and Bortoluzzi over a length of some 20 kilometres.

The municipality of Ametista do Sul and the little town with the same name are undoubtedly the world's capital of amethyst, at least in terms of current production. At any one time, however, there is probably a substantially greater tonnage of amethyst in Soledade than in Ametista because that is the commercial town where most of the amethyst and agate and other stones are sold. The production from the mines at Ametista do Sul does not hang around the town or the mines very long before being sold and hauled off to Soledade. The quickest way to get to Ametista do Sul from Soledade was to take a ferry across the river and, of course, the roads were not paved.

"The amethyst mines are just on the edge of town, in a little valley, where they can be seen as a line of horizontal black holes near the valley floor. The amethyst is mined from a flat laying layer of basalt that is rich in amethyst and the mining method is simply to punch tunnels into the basalt parallel to each other and mine out the amethyst geodes that are encountered in the mining process." [Rock Currier 2011]

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Chemical Elements

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Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

7 valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.

Rock Types Recorded

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Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

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Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Entries shown in red are rocks recorded for this region.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ AnhydriteFormula: CaSO4Habit: TabularColour: white to pinkDescription: All the "anhydrite" blades from this locality are hollow paper thin quartz epimorphs with all the anhydrite gone.References: Don Windeler collection
ⓘ CalciteFormula: CaCO3References: Sauer, Jules Roger (1982) Brazil - Paradise of Gemstones. Gemological Institute of America (GIA). 135 pp.p.122Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7 Mossman, D.J., Groat, Lee A., Ehrman, James M., Brüning, Ralf, Semple, Lynne (2009) “Skunk” Calcite - Mineral Paragenesis in an Amethyst Geode from Ametista, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, in March - April 2009. The Mineralogical Record, 40 (2) 121-125
ⓘ CeladoniteFormula: K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2References: Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7
ⓘ GoethiteFormula: Fe3+O(OH)References: Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7 Mossman, D.J., Groat, Lee A., Ehrman, James M., Brüning, Ralf, Semple, Lynne (2009) “Skunk” Calcite - Mineral Paragenesis in an Amethyst Geode from Ametista, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, in March - April 2009. The Mineralogical Record, 40 (2) 121-125
ⓘ GypsumFormula: CaSO4 · 2H2OReferences: Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7
ⓘ Lepidocrocite ?Formula: Fe3+O(OH)Colour: yellowDescription: thin yellow patina on calciteReferences: Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7 Mossman, D.J., Groat, Lee A., Ehrman, James M., Brüning, Ralf, Semple, Lynne (2009) “Skunk” Calcite - Mineral Paragenesis in an Amethyst Geode from Ametista, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, in March - April 2009. The Mineralogical Record, 40 (2) 121-125
ⓘ PyriteFormula: FeS2References: Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7
ⓘ QuartzFormula: SiO2References: Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7
ⓘ Quartz var. AgateFormula: SiO2References: Sauer, Jules Roger (1982) Brazil - Paradise of Gemstones. Gemological Institute of America (GIA). 135 pp.p.104Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7 Mossman, D.J., Groat, Lee A., Ehrman, James M., Brüning, Ralf, Semple, Lynne (2009) “Skunk” Calcite - Mineral Paragenesis in an Amethyst Geode from Ametista, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, in March - April 2009. The Mineralogical Record, 40 (2) 121-125
✪ Quartz var. AmethystFormula: SiO2References: Sauer, Jules Roger (1982) Brazil - Paradise of Gemstones. Gemological Institute of America (GIA). 135 pp. Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7 Mossman, D.J., Groat, Lee A., Ehrman, James M., Brüning, Ralf, Semple, Lynne (2009) “Skunk” Calcite - Mineral Paragenesis in an Amethyst Geode from Ametista, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, in March - April 2009. The Mineralogical Record, 40 (2) 121-125
ⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonyFormula: SiO2References: Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7 Mossman, D.J., Groat, Lee A., Ehrman, James M., Brüning, Ralf, Semple, Lynne (2009) “Skunk” Calcite - Mineral Paragenesis in an Amethyst Geode from Ametista, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, in March - April 2009. The Mineralogical Record, 40 (2) 121-125

Fossils

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Other Databases

Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ametista_do_Sul
Wikidata ID: Q33945
GeoNames ID: 6323328

Localities in this Region

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References

Gilg, H. Albert, Morteani, Giulio, Kostitsyn, Yuri, Preinfalk, Christine, Gatter, Istvan, Strieder, Adelir J. (2003) Genesis of amethyst geodes in basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): a fluid inclusion, REE, oxygen, carbon, and Sr isotope study on basalt, quartz, and calcite. Mineralium Deposita, 38 (8) 1009-1025 doi:10.1007/s00126-002-0310-7

Mossman, D.J., Groat, Lee A., Ehrman, James M., Brüning, Ralf, Semple, Lynne (2009) “Skunk” Calcite - Mineral Paragenesis in an Amethyst Geode from Ametista, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, in March - April 2009. The Mineralogical Record, 40 (2) 121-125

Gilg, H. Albert, Krüger, Yves, Taubald, Heinrich, van den Kerkhof, Alfons M., Frenz, Martin, Morteani, Giulio (2014) Mineralisation of amethyst-bearing geodes in Ametista do Sul (Brazil) from low-temperature sedimentary brines: evidence from monophase liquid inclusions and stable isotopes. Mineralium Deposita, 49 (7) 861-877 doi:10.1007/s00126-014-0522-7