Axinite-(Mn) (original) (raw)
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
About Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Formula:
Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Colour:
Brown, golden-yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Specific Gravity:
3.306 - 3.358
Name:
Iron-rich axinite was named in 1797 by Rene Just Haüy from the Greek αξίνα ("axina") for "axe", in allusion to the common habit of its crystals. Manganese-dominant axinite was reported by Frederick A. Genth in 1891, who noted that Franklin, New Jersey axinite had the highest known manganese contents. Robert Mauzelius also found manganese-dominant axinite in 1895. Manganaxinite was formally named by Waldemar T. Schaller in 1909 and manganaxinit was used by J. Fromme in 1909, both mentioning Franklin, New Jersey. Manganoaxinite was used by Schaller in 1911, but Schaller did not provide a species description as his research material was "destroyed by fire." Manganaxinite was used by Gregori Aminoff in 1919 when referring to specimens from Franklin, New Jersey, USA and a complete species description was finally made by Charles Palache in 1929 and was expanded by Palache (1935), both based on Franklin, New Jersey specimens. Renamed with suffix "-(Mn)" by IMA in 2007.
Unique IdentifiersHide
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Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2502:3
d127d7b8-3097-498c-9ab5-2f4e173ab3b8
IMA Classification of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA status notes:
Renamed by the IMA
IMA Formula:
Ca4Mn2+2Al4[B2Si8O30](OH)2
Approval history:
Renamed by the CNMNC IMA in 2007 from manganaxinite to Axinite-(Mn) (IMA 07-C).
Classification of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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9.BD.20
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
D : Si2O7 groups, with additional anions; cations in tetrahedral [4] and greater coordination
56.2.2.3
56 : SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O
2 : Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] and/or >[4] coordination
17.5.40
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
5 : Borosilicates
Mineral SymbolsHide
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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Ax-Mn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Ax | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
| Ax | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
| Ax | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Axn | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Brown, golden-yellow
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{100} good, {001}, {110}, and {011} poor
Density:
3.306 - 3.358 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.31 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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RI values:
_n_α = 1.672 - 1.693 _n_β = 1.677 - 1.701 _n_γ = 1.681 - 1.704
2V:
Measured: 69° to 87°, Calculated: 62° to 82°
δ = 0.009 - 0.011
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Comments:
Yellow-colorless to amber-pale yellow.
Chemistry of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Mindat Formula:
Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Common Impurities:
Ti,Fe,Mg,Na,K,H2O
Crystallography of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.161 Å, b = 9.190 Å, c = 8.978 Å
α = 88.26°, β = 82.8°, γ = 77.26°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.779 : 1 : 0.977
Unit Cell V:
571.75 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Bladed crystals, also compact granular
Crystal StructureHide
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| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0003659 | Axinite-(Mn) | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S, Graziani G, Russo U (2004) Site distribution of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in axinite mineral group: New crystal-chemical formula Sample 47 American Mineralogist 89 1763-1771 |  |
2004 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0012354 | Axinite-(Mn) | Belokoneva E L, Pletnev P A, Spiridonov E M (1997) Crystal structure of low-manganese tinzenite (severginite) Crystallography Reports 42 934-937 | 1997 | Tungatarovskoe manganese deposit, Izhevsk, Udmurt Republic, Russia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.31 Å | (20) |
| 6.16 Å | (5) |
| 5.86 Å | (3) |
| 4.54 Å | (5) |
| 3.69 Å | (14) |
| 3.47 Å | (70) |
| 3.44 Å | (15) |
| 3.28 Å | (9) |
| 3.16 Å | (100) |
| 3.08 Å | (5) |
| 3.02 Å | (9) |
| 2.994 Å | (10) |
| 2.967 Å | (14) |
| 2.937 Å | (8) |
| 2.891 Å | (18) |
| 2.810 Å | (50) |
| 2.793 Å | (4) |
| 2.755 Å | (5) |
| 2.667 Å | (9) |
| 2.652 Å | (5) |
| 2.578 Å | (8) |
| 2.565 Å | (7) |
| 2.476 Å | (6) |
| 2.439 Å | (9) |
| 2.418 Å | (10) |
| 2.400 Å | (3) |
| 2.366 Å | (8) |
| 2.263 Å | (4) |
| 2.206 Å | (7) |
| 2.189 Å | (16) |
| 2.164 Å | (7) |
| 2.159 Å | (6) |
| 2.129 Å | (8) |
| 2.065 Å | (10) |
| 2.061 Å | (8) |
| 2.035 Å | (6) |
| 2.002 Å | (11) |
| 1.993 Å | (9) |
| 1.955 Å | (6) |
| 1.925 Å | (9) |
| 1.789 Å | (4) |
| 1.784 Å | (4) |
| 1.719 Å | (4) |
| 1.702 Å | (7) |
| 1.675 Å | (3) |
| 1.664 Å | (3) |
| 1.653 Å | (4) |
| 1.634 Å | (8) |
| 1.622 Å | (4) |
| 1.597 Å | (4) |
Comments:
ICDD 27-84 (Babbitt, Minnesota, USA)
Geological EnvironmentHide
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Type Occurrence of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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General Appearance of Type Material:
Yellow bladed crystals and yellow granular masses
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Zinc-Iron polymetalic metamorphosed deposit hosted by marble
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Other Language Names for Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Relationship of Axinite-(Mn) to other SpeciesHide
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Other Members of this group:
Common AssociatesHide
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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide
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Fluorescence of Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Magenta-red (SW UV) (Franklin, NJ massive material only).
Other InformationHide
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Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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References for Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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Reference List:
Localities for Axinite-(Mn)Hide
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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 
symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Locality ListHide
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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.