DNA gyrase gyrA mutations in ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus: close similarity with quinolone resistance mutations in Escherichia coli (original) (raw)

Abstract

The gyrA genes isolated from three ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus carried codon 84 (serine----leucine) and/or codon 85 (serine----proline) mutations that were absent in pretreatment susceptible strains. These substitutions occur in a region of the gyrase A protein wherein directly analogous mutations of serine 83----leucine and alanine 84----proline in Escherichia coli confer quinolone resistance. Thus, DNA gyrase A subunit mutations are implicated in resistance to ciprofloxacin in S. aureus.

7260

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cullen M. E., Wyke A. W., Kuroda R., Fisher L. M. Cloning and characterization of a DNA gyrase A gene from Escherichia coli that confers clinical resistance to 4-quinolones. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Jun;33(6):886–894. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.6.886. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Fisher L. M., Lawrence J. M., Josty I. C., Hopewell R., Margerrison E. E., Cullen M. E. Ciprofloxacin and the fluoroquinolones. New concepts on the mechanism of action and resistance. Am J Med. 1989 Nov 30;87(5A):2S–8S. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(89)90010-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Gellert M., Mizuuchi K., O'Dea M. H., Itoh T., Tomizawa J. I. Nalidixic acid resistance: a second genetic character involved in DNA gyrase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Nov;74(11):4772–4776. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.11.4772. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Gellert M., Mizuuchi K., O'Dea M. H., Nash H. A. DNA gyrase: an enzyme that introduces superhelical turns into DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):3872–3876. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.11.3872. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hane M. W., Wood T. H. Escherichia coli K-12 mutants resistant to nalidixic acid: genetic mapping and dominance studies. J Bacteriol. 1969 Jul;99(1):238–241. doi: 10.1128/jb.99.1.238-241.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hopewell R., Oram M., Briesewitz R., Fisher L. M. DNA cloning and organization of the Staphylococcus aureus gyrA and gyrB genes: close homology among gyrase proteins and implications for 4-quinolone action and resistance. J Bacteriol. 1990 Jun;172(6):3481–3484. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.6.3481-3484.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Horowitz D. S., Wang J. C. Mapping the active site tyrosine of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Apr 15;262(11):5339–5344. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Matthews P. R., Reed K. C., Stewart P. R. The cloning of chromosomal DNA associated with methicillin and other resistances in Staphylococcus aureus. J Gen Microbiol. 1987 Jul;133(7):1919–1929. doi: 10.1099/00221287-133-7-1919. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Piercy E. A., Barbaro D., Luby J. P., Mackowiak P. A. Ciprofloxacin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Jan;33(1):128–130. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.1.128. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Schaefler S. Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to quinolones. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Feb;27(2):335–336. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.2.335-336.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Shalit I., Berger S. A., Gorea A., Frimerman H. Widespread quinolone resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a general hospital. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Apr;33(4):593–594. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.4.593. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Shen L. L., Mitscher L. A., Sharma P. N., O'Donnell T. J., Chu D. W., Cooper C. S., Rosen T., Pernet A. G. Mechanism of inhibition of DNA gyrase by quinolone antibacterials: a cooperative drug--DNA binding model. Biochemistry. 1989 May 2;28(9):3886–3894. doi: 10.1021/bi00435a039. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Smith S. M., Eng R. H. Activity of ciprofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 May;27(5):688–691. doi: 10.1128/aac.27.5.688. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Swanberg S. L., Wang J. C. Cloning and sequencing of the Escherichia coli gyrA gene coding for the A subunit of DNA gyrase. J Mol Biol. 1987 Oct 20;197(4):729–736. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(87)90479-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Takahata M., Nishino T. DNA gyrase of Staphylococcus aureus and inhibitory effect of quinolones on its activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Aug;32(8):1192–1195. doi: 10.1128/aac.32.8.1192. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Ubukata K., Itoh-Yamashita N., Konno M. Cloning and expression of the norA gene for fluoroquinolone resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Sep;33(9):1535–1539. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.9.1535. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Wolfson J. S., Hooper D. C. The fluoroquinolones: structures, mechanisms of action and resistance, and spectra of activity in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 Oct;28(4):581–586. doi: 10.1128/aac.28.4.581. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Yoshida H., Bogaki M., Nakamura M., Nakamura S. Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1990 Jun;34(6):1271–1272. doi: 10.1128/aac.34.6.1271. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Yoshida H., Kojima T., Yamagishi J., Nakamura S. Quinolone-resistant mutations of the gyrA gene of Escherichia coli. Mol Gen Genet. 1988 Jan;211(1):1–7. doi: 10.1007/BF00338386. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]